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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 31 ม.ค. 2021
- It's not something we hope for, but unfortunately from time-to-time hard drives fail. In this video, we show you how to replace a failed hard disk in your QNAP NAS.
We recommend that as well as backing up your data on a regular basis, make sure you always configure your drives with some level of RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks).
What Are the Types of RAID?
RAID 0 (Striping) (Not recommended)
RAID 0 is taking any number of disks and merging them into one large volume. This will greatly increase speeds, as you're reading and writing from multiple disks at a time. An individual file can then use the speed and capacity of all the drives of the array. The downside to RAID 0 though is that it is NOT redundant. The loss of any individual disk will cause complete data loss. This RAID type is very much less reliable than having a single disk.
RAID 1 (Mirroring)
While RAID 1 is capable of a much more complicated configuration, almost every use case of RAID 1 is where you have a pair of identical disks identically mirror/copy the data equally across the drives in the array. The point of RAID 1 is primarily for redundancy. If you completely lose a drive, you can still stay up and running off the additional drive.
In the event that either drive fails, you can then replace the broken drive with little to no downtime. RAID 1 also gives you the additional benefit of increased read performance, as data can be read off any of the drives in the array. The downsides are that you will have slightly higher write latency. Since the data needs to be written to both drives in the array, you'll only have the available capacity of a single drive while needing two drives.
RAID 5/6 (Striping + Distributed Parity)
RAID 5 requires the use of at least 3 drives (RAID 6 requires at least 4 drives). It takes the idea of RAID 0 and stripes data across multiple drives to increase performance. But, it also adds the aspect of redundancy by distributing parity information across the disks. There are many technical resources out there on the Internet that can get down into the details as to how this actually happens. But in short, with RAID 5 you can lose one disk, and with RAID 6 you can lose two disks, and still maintain your operations and data.
RAID 5 and 6 will get you significantly improved read performance. But write performance is largely dependent on the RAID controller used. For RAID 5 or 6, you will most certainly need a dedicated hardware controller. This is due to the need to calculate the parity data and write it across all the disks. RAID 5 and RAID 6 are often good options for standard web servers, file servers, and other general-purpose systems where most of the transactions are reads, and get you a good value for your money. This is because you only need to purchase one additional drive for RAID 5 (or two additional drives for RAID 6) to add speed and redundancy.
RAID 5 or RAID 6 is not the best choice for a heavy write environment, such as a database server, as it will likely hurt your overall performance.
It is worth mentioning that in a RAID 5 or RAID 6 situation if you lose a drive, you're going to be seriously sacrificing performance to keep your environment operational. Once you replace the failed drive, data will need to be rebuilt out of the parity information. This will take a significant amount of the total performance of the array. These rebuild times continue to grow more and more each year, as drives get larger and larger.
RAID 10 (Mirroring + Striping)
RAID 10 requires at least 4 drives and is a combination of RAID 1 (mirroring) and RAID 0 (striping). This will get you both increased speed and redundancy. This is often the recommended RAID level if you're looking for speed, but still need redundancy. In a four-drive configuration, two mirrored drives hold half of the striped data, and another two mirror the other half of the data. This means you can lose any single drive, and then possibly even a 2nd drive, without losing any data. Just like RAID 1, you'll only have the capacity of half the drives, but you will see improved read and write performance. You will also have the fast rebuild time of RAID 1.
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I just swapped out a drive while watching your video, thank you so much, that was so much simpler than expected! so simple I would have been extremely nervous without your company haha
Clear video, direct and without unnecessary fuss. I like it. Keep it up!
Oh wow this is so staight forward and simple.
Thank you for your video I wish I could like it twice.
Thank you very much ... Worked prefect as you explained👌.
good!easy to understand and operate
Thank you!
Hi, Thanks for the video, I have a similar problem as have many people online. I have an 8 bay QNAP NAS (TS-879 Pro) populated with 6Tb WD Red drives, running raid 5. a short time ago I had a S.M.A.R.T. error saying normalised attributes were below manufacturers specs. two days later drive 5 popped up with the same error, I purchased two new identical drives, started to hot swap drive 2, got a database self recovery started message, all was well with the unit for about 3 hours, thereafter both degraded drives came up with a red error and QNAP went into read only mode. I left it over night and this morning there is a message saying database self recovery completed but the red error is still there! The difference is that the replaced drive now says Disk Access Error (i/o) ERROR and disk S.M.A.R.T. information good! Disk 5 also says Disk Access History (i/o) ERROR but Disk S.M.A.R.T. still says WARNING1 Phew! what a long story, Could the Disk Access (I/O) error be because QNAP has placed its self in read only mode? Im at a a loss on what to do next, can you please point me in a direction? Sorry one more thing, I can see and retrieve all of my data using WinSCP.
This is really weird. This is the exact same scenario that happened to me two days ago only I'm on a TVS-471. Where you able to resolve this?
I need to replace a disc, RAID group is currently synchronising, should I wait until it finishes?
if you did this to increase the capacity of the nas, as in swap in a higher capacity drive. I suppose my question is I am coming to close to capacity on my drive 75%, so I was thinking of swapping the drives to increase cpacity etc.
Hi there! I watched your video, great! I have question: disk 1 of my NAS (TS 231P2) show signs of failure; RAID is 1, disk 2 is in good shape. It is ok just to pull it out and replaced as you showed in the video with a similar one?
Yes exactly, make sure it is at least the same size as the one you are removing and it will rebuild and get back to a redundant state as quick as it can.
what about replacing a failed m.2 drive in raid 1?
great tutorial, exactly the problem I'm facing and has shown clearly exactly what to do......
However my NAS won't automatically start rebuilding the storage pool and when I try to tell it to do it manually it simply says that it's possible that the rebuild is failing because a disk has been replaced...... FML.
@@QNAPUK RAID 5, I believe the NAS itself is faulty though because even after rebuilding and being able to access data on the installed drives (rebuilt the storage pool after replacing the faulty disk) it still shows another of the disks as missing using the MD_Checker command in the CLI, very peculiar but thankfully we had a backup of our data anyway so there was no loss other than time :)
@@QNAPUK a little bit late reply (due to covid) but it turned out one of the drives was reporting incorrectly that it was intact, so we had two drives that were needing to be rebuilt and instead just recreated the volumes and RAID and restored from a backup lol
I am having the very same situation: one of the disks reports SMART issues. I am having another one empty for replacement in and my QNAP has one additional free bay. In the solution you shown there is a risk that if during the RAID rebuild one of other disks that contains the data fails we will be loosing entire array. Is there a possibility to place a good disk in a spare bay and 'do something' to ask QNAP to replace data from failed disk to new one and only after synchronization is done remove the one that has a SMART issues? Thanks
@@QNAPUK Thanks ;-)
Nice and clear, what considerations should I have when it's about an SSD (part of a RAID 1 raid group) near end of estimated life, with cache type read-write and cache mode All I/O?
@@QNAPUK thanks, I also forgot one important thing which is the fact that there are volumes with cache. I suppose I should remove cache first and simply remove the ssd disks one at a time (the redundant one is already at 15% left ) just like in the video? The detach action appears to apply for the entire RAID group
@@QNAPUK yes, keeping with same size, thanks again
Is swapping the drive something that's *better* to do live while the device is on as shown, or while it is turned off? I would have assumed "off" until I watched this.
How would one go about erasing the information on the faulty hard disk, before removing it?
I have a drive with similar SMART warnings and want to send it back for warranty, but wouldn't want to send the disk back with all my data in it.
@@QNAPUK My windows PC is not recognizing the drive once plugged it in using the USB to Sata dock. Any advice?
I have a TS-431P with 4 drives (varying age), in RAID5.
Disk4 (oldest) has been showing bad sector errors lately, so I want to replace it.
5:30 If I dont go to UI, how do I know when to plug in the new drive?
@@QNAPUK WOW! that is really "painless". I will be replacing it tomorrow.
@@QNAPUK What if the drive presented by NAS as faulty because it had one random problem when writing is actually ok (S.M.A.R.T. Raw_Read_Error_Rate dropped from 200 to 176 while the threshold is 051) and I just want to forcefully rebuild RAID on this drive? I have a TS-228 and removing the drive (cold) and deleting partitions in Windows doesn't help - after putting the drive back to NAS and booting up it won't rebuild RAID automatically and there is no button in the UI to do so. How to trick NAS to think it is a new drive?
Hello,
I have following problem with my qnap ts-253 Pro, This after placing a larger Hdd and reinstallation, In local network I can open or copy files to my PC so this works normally. As for my samsung tablet i can open mp3 and mp4 and in contrast i can't open or copy any pdf or jpg files. An error message is given: "Failed to download"
I have tried everything, user access rights settings are set.
What could be the problem here.
The nas has 2 bays on installing i had problems with the 2é bay.
So I Now there is only a hdd in Bay 1 (I don’t think this can cause the problem I have)
Thanks, Marc.
Do the replacement drives need to be the same size? Or can you replace a faulty drive with a larger capacity drive?
@@QNAPUK Thank for your help.
@@QNAPUK I have a 4 drive raid-6 pool with 8Tb drives 1 drive has errors, I was going to replace this with 18Tb drives. I now have to replace all 4 drives with the larger capacity to see the extra capacity?
@@timnels8638hi, same question here. Did it work, or how did you do this? Thank you.
I have the same situation as in this video (RAID 5 disk failing). BUT I need to RMA the disk that is dying before I can swap it out ... what do I do in this situation? Is it as simple as remove the disk, shut down the NAS, wait for the replacement disk to turn up, turn NAS back on, insert new drive? Or something trickier...?
Did doing that work for you? I'm in the same situation right now
@@FraguSauce yes basically. I bought a new disk rather than keep the NAS running without a full array. So I have a spare (RMA replacement) ready to go in the event another dies
@@Fresh79999 perfect I was going to do the same thing
Thank you so much for replying
@@FraguSauce you’re welcome!
OK I replace my drive, so far so good nut now the new replaced drive is shown as "spare" why and how do I fix this?
@@QNAPUK The same.
If you're using Raid 0 what would be the procedure? The drive still works, could I do a temporary offload of just that drives data with the replacement as soon as it finished?
Sadly not, RAID 0 doesnt provide any resilience although great for performance. If you have a drive fail in a RAID 0 configuration you would lose all of your data.
Do you know the speed difference between the 2? Curious when I get a full new set of drives if I can leverage some SSD caching with either the 2.5" or M.2 to keep up with the same speed or generally improve it.@@QNAPUK