Lack of ranged units and underestimated of how much capable those mounted horse archers and mighty Sevaran Knights (Cataphracts) contributed to Emperor Valerian's defeated
Cataphacts would not gallop that way. The horse was fully loaded and in many cases their armor would be metal that exposed to full sun would be very uncomfortable to wear.
The Eastern Roman Empire and the Sassanid Empire both played a significant role in the development of human civilization and culture. They were enemies and, more importantly, rivals, and they helped each other progress. Both of them had the ability to become the largest and most magnificent empire in the history of mankind if they did not have a stubborn and powerful neighbor like each other.
True, during the times of Emperor Anastasius, there was an agreement between the 2 Empires. The Romans would pay the Sasanids and they (Sassanians) would post large defensive forces in the Caucasisn passes, both knew what madness the nomadic tribes could unleash on their cities. Thats good, but they should had done something similar in the south, to the arabs, an arabic wall, with defences like Roman Rhine and Danube
The construction of walls and the construction of garrisons in the Caucasus was successful considering the geographical conditions of the region, but such a method was not effective against the Arabs, because the entire Middle Rhine region (Iraq, Syria, ... ), which is the common border of the Arabs with the two empires, was completely It consisted of a flat plain. And building a wall in the plain is a waste of time and money. Instead, they created a relatively safe buffer zone between themselves and the Arabs by forming vassal kingdoms. One of the biggest mistakes of the Sassanids was destroying their own vassal kingdom. @@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014
The first time I ever heard of this battle was actually from an art history class. We were in a period covering Persia in the classical period. There's statues, reliefs from Persia celebrating this victory. I remember them because it showed the Romans submitting in defeat to the victorious Sasanian ruler. Anyways, the two empires would go back and forth for centuries fighting each other to the point of exhaustion. This allowed the Muslim conquests to be a possibility because Rome and Persia had beaten each other to a bloody pulp.
Yeah there are rock reliefs across Iran showcasing some of the Sassanian history and in particular the victory of Edessa portraying the shah on horse back, Philip the Arab kneeling in front of him and emperor Valerian standing in gesture , it's located in the province of Fars(Basically Persis from the ancient times), relatively close to Persepolis. It's also very interesting to see how many of the ancient city names from the Sassanian era have remained exactly the same throughout all the centuries with minimal changes. I also read somewhere that the very bridge the romans built in Iran is still standing to this date but unfortunately with the current regime in power, the least thing they care about is Iran itself...
@Warmaker - I learned of it through a powerful and disturbing poem by the American poet Anthony Hecht. Then in 2010, I travelled to Iran, and while visiting Persepolis, I saw Shapur I's victory bas relief at Naqsh-e-Rostam, about 3 km north of Persepolis. The relief depicts Valerian kneeling in surrender in front of a mounted Shapur.
درود برتو ... دقیقا گل گفتی❤ اگه رومیان و ایرانیان یکدیگر را فرسوده نمیکردند ، عرب ها خیلی حقیر تر از این حرف ها بودند ک با ایرانیان و رومیان بجنگند... ای کاش جنگهای خونین 25ساله بین ایرانیان و رومیان سرنمیگرفت چقد خوشبخت میشدن و میموندی مردمان این دو سرزمین❤❤
I like how the Roman Legionaries portrayed here have a mixture of classic scutums and newer round shields. It feels like Imperial Rome transitioning to the Late Roman Empire.
As an Iranian we are proud to have battled and gone head to head with such a formidable force like the Roman’s and to this day we see the Greeks and Romans as our most respected rivals throughout history.
The Roman Empire army at there peak was almost 500,000 warriors so if Roman Empire exist today he was going to be 1 of the 10 largest army in the world today in 2023 that how big and powerful unified Roman Empire was without question one of the best and largest army compare to any Empire in history but when he come to war with Iran King Shapur I The Emperor Hunter made this Empire look like joke Rome was almost completely destroyed by him he killed 150,000 or more warriors out 500,000 warriors of Roman Empire in few battle is victory are better than Hannibal vs Rome by numbers and also is victory are as good as any military commanders or ruler in history just is victory vs Rome forget about Kushan Empire, Parthian Empire or any others that he beat also Valerian, the only Roman emperor captured alive in all history in only 3 battle the blows that Shapur inflicted upon the Roman army were indeed catastrophic and deadly since the time of Hannibal up to one third of Rome’s professional army (including officers) numbering around 150,000 troops or even more had been simply eliminated in only 3 battle ONLY 3 the greatest psychological blow was the capture of Emperor Valerian and his ceremonial chariot as commemorated in the Shapur inscriptions (SKZ Shapur Kaba Zartusht Greek lines 19-37) as well as the sites of Naghsh-e-Rustam and Bishapur. Never in the history of Rome had a Roman Emperor been captured alive. According to Ferril
@@yaqubleis6311в 260 году Римская империя уже была изрядно ослабленна из за варваров на севере, и коррупции, и поэтому качество армии была не на пики. Если бы армия Рима встретилась на пики своей мощности.... но я думаю ты понял.
as persian i am really proud that we had such a powerfull and rich history , that we were considered rivals for the romans . but never the less if the romans and greeks were not our enemies we couldnt develop such an army and expand as much as we did . i have a great respect for romans and greeks :)
Don't forget how many Greeks settled in the lands of the Persians after Alexander the Great and the coins struct by the Arsacids with the term "Philellenas" in order to be liked by the Greek populations of Parthia and beyond. I totally respect the Persians. The Romans were mostly Greek anyway as Rome was just one city.
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου i know and we cant forget that greeks worked in achaemenid army for many years as mercenaries. yes the persians and greeks have a really conected history. i respect both greeks and romans as they were the reseaon for us to develop and advance as well
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου the Hellenistic period itself was an exchanged period of Persian and Greek culture, as for the Persians, they took many influences from Greek architecture, art and philosophy, and for the Greeks, they took many influences from Persian culture, fashion, customs, and administrative system method.
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου And yes, the Parthians were interested in Greek culture, but they were also loyal to their own Iranian culture as well. But the most important point is that they were Iranian ppl and they were the ones who defeated the Seleucids. And the Parthian interest in Greek culture is not a bad thing, just as Alexander's interest in Iranian culture should not be a bad thing for you!!! 📚📚the book of : "the Persians seen by the Greeks under the direction of Dominique lanfant", french version : "Les Perses vus par les Grecs"👇🏻👇🏻 Chapter 14-8. People around Alexander reacted to the acceptance of Iranian customs. Cleitus and Flattery: One evening of drinking, Cleitus decries the flatterers' complacency towards Alexander and allows himself to belittle his military prowess. Alexander, mad with anger, kills him. Callisthenes' opposition to proskynesis: Alexander wants the Iranian custom of proskynesis (movement of homage) to be adopted for him. Convinced that his father is Amon and not Philip, he considers himself worthy of this divine distinction. If some of the Greeks around him granted it out of flattery, Callisthenes, a former student of Aristotle, considered it a disgrace and, like most Macedonians, refused it. Alexander has Bessus's nose and ears cut off, then orders his execution in Ecbatana before the assembly of the Medes and Persians. For the first time, Arrian passes a critical judgment on Alexander, citing his adoption of barbaric customs-indulgence in luxury, abandonment of Macedonian attire for Median clothing and the "Persian tiara of the conquered," despotic authority, and a lack of self-control, especially in regards to alcohol. Arrian doesn't specify when Alexander started adopting Persian customs but, like other authors, sees the halt in Hyrcania as a turning point, where Alexander feels he has successfully achieved his goal and firmly holds the empire. - ch. 8-14. Alexander's entourage reacted to the adoption of customs Persians---Arrian includes these later episodes about Cleitus and Callisthenes because they are related to the theme of adopting Persian customs. Cleitus and flattery: During a drunken night, Cleitus criticizes the flattery towards Alexander and belittles his military achievements. Enraged, Alexander kills him. Callisthenes' opposition to proskynesis: Alexander wants to be honored with the Persian custom of proskynesis (a gesture of homage). Believing his father is Ammon, not Philip, he considers himself worthy of this divine distinction.
The heavy cavalry/cataphrats were the main forces of melee in the Sasanian army. Persian heavy cavalry of Sasanian era was called Shahswaran, meaning king cavalry, they were the first units in history with complete armour protection and their main weapon was in fact lances and mace, the very first version of knights, just as they are described on Shiraz historical sites and kermanshah mountain carvings. I even heard that the old Arabic word for knight, _Faris_ is same as the Arabic word for Persians.
There is a strange thing that the emperors who persecuted Christianity all received a painful end. For example Nero was deposed and committed suicide, Decius was betrayed and killed on the battlefield, Valerian was forced into slavery and Diocletianus clinical illness and suicide(google translation)
We are not like that sasanids were not slave owners we saw his lust for gold and rewarded him with molten gold as he wronged his people and betrayed them
A lot of Roman emperors received a painful end; when it comes to Valerian specifically, there are multiple reports about what eventually happened to him - including that Christians made up the claim of Valerian becoming a slave as a "warning" to anti-Christian emperors.
One wonders if Constantine hadn't killed Crispus. Not sapped by that epic tragedy, Constantine might have made his planned Persian campaign a decade earlier, with a hundred thousand men fresh off the wars with the Goths and Licinius. At the very least, he would have landed blows heavier than Carus or Galerius, perhaps restoring Roman rule to the Persian Gulf. Had he not died in 337, this might have happened anyway.
The Roman Empire army at there peak was almost 500,000 warriors so if Roman Empire exist today he was going to be 1 of the 10 largest army in the world today in 2023 that how big and powerful unified Roman Empire was without question one of the best and largest army compare to any Empire in history but when he come to war with Iran King Shapur I The Emperor Hunter made this Empire look like joke Rome was almost completely destroyed by him he killed 150,000 or more warriors out 500,000 warriors of Roman Empire in few battle is victory are better than Hannibal vs Rome by numbers and also is victory are as good as any military commanders or ruler in history just is victory vs Rome forget about Kushan Empire, Parthian Empire or any others that he beat also Valerian, the only Roman emperor captured alive in all history in only 3 battle the blows that Shapur inflicted upon the Roman army were indeed catastrophic and deadly since the time of Hannibal up to one third of Rome’s professional army (including officers) numbering around 150,000 troops or even more had been simply eliminated in only 3 battle ONLY 3 the greatest psychological blow was the capture of Emperor Valerian and his ceremonial chariot as commemorated in the Shapur inscriptions (SKZ Shapur Kaba Zartusht Greek lines 19-37) as well as the sites of Naghsh-e-Rustam and Bishapur. Never in the history of Rome had a Roman Emperor been captured alive. According to Ferril
One story is that Shapur used him as a footstool then skinned him alive after which his skin was stuffed with straw and kept in a Persian temple. And only cremated after a later Roman Victory.
though we still know very little about this battle, the outcome was fatal for Roman army... most of 70000 Romans were lost, the Emperor was taken as prisoner. And this is not the first time Romans were completely defeated in this region... the battle of Carrae is another example of this...
Rome Total War: Your forces are under attack by the Sassanids Me: Ah crap. Auto resolve and start building another army. Awesome job! Nice to see that I'm not the only sucker who got surrounded and pummeled by those annoying horse archers.
@@ramtin5152 It is true, but the European Huns in the era of Attila’s father tried to fight the Sassanids and Khosrow, and the Huns in Central Asia were allies of the Sassanids since the era of Shapur II.
I respect this battle as there was not a huge cavalry archer army, unlike carrhae. I consider armies of 80% at least of being unmanly, effeminate, scared of virile brawl
As an Italian I love how different tactics made the day, shaping battles and, literally, the destiny of such unique empires. And that day became History! Greetings from Italy to all the Middle East!
As in almost all cinematic depictions of ancient field battles, the two opposing armies, heavily armed and in full armor, run towards each other from several hundred meters. This is physically impossible, the soldiers would have been so exhausted from the heavy load after this run that they would no longer have been able to fight. Instead, the armies advanced slowly towards each other until they collided.
Awesome video. I rarely comment but I just had to give you some feedback. The quality, the music and the narration were amazing. Definitely subscribing for more.
Not sure it's the right niche but if anyone's brutally interested in Ancient history, Parthian, Sasanid, Roman, etc., I robustly recommend Schwerpunkt's videos series
Thank you for the song name! I was looking and dissecting every Persian music song in Farya Faraji Persian Part 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻 Are you Persian? Deep respect for your culture and civilization
Not bad true, but the Persians never succeded in defeating the Greek Byzantines and taking Constantinople. Greeks and Persians have defined the history of the modern world.
Yes, right, they were Japanese. A person with called Herakleos wfo speaks Greek is obviously Greek. His children were named Herakleos, Constantine, Heraklonas, Eudoxia and Epiphania. What are these names, Greek or Chinese? Why didn't he name his children with other names?
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου just for curiosity, do you speak Persian? or have you been in contact with someone who speaks Persian? Because the names Ahuramazda and Ahriman are known together only by Persian speakers😅
My friend, no, unfortunately I don't speak Farsi, but I have studied Classical Archaeology in England and I learned basic stuff about Zoroastrianism,. The impact of Persia on the western world is far greater than people understand, actually people haven't got a clue about it. Through the Greeks, ancient Persian culture has become part of our cosmos. We just don't know about it. I believe Greece and Persia shaped the modern world, the same way the shaped the ancient one.@@CyrusPersia-wv7zo
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου I totally agree my friend, Greece and Persia were both great civilizations and world builders, great that you are knowledgeable and aware of this. I am also very interested in learning about ancient history and study it, but as a hobby, not a job. In the book I am reading, I have many references to cultural exchanges between Greeks and Persians. Really interesting and respectable 🇮🇷♥️🇬🇷
@@CyrusPersia-wv7zo I am not a professional, I only studied it, but then I studied International Affairs in the Middle East, so I am more aware of the cultural continuitions in the region and how it shapes what we seeing today. There is no doubt that Persian cultural and administrative values were transplanted to the West via the Hellenistic Kingdoms which Rome copied. Greeks copied the Persians and the Romans copied the Greeks. And I am really interested in what happened in Hellenistic Babylonia, Mesopotamia, and Bactria. There are many interested articles and studies on the subject. The Seleucids rebuilt all the mejor Temples in Uruk.
Thank for bringing to " life " an account that is a quick read in a book. The Roman History books I have or read focus on the Emporer being a slave to a king and his skin winding up in a temple. Like you pointed out, there's no account of the actual battle, save that the Romans got clobbered .Wonderful presentation!! Thanks again!!😊👍👍👍
the rivalry between the persian dynasties and the greco-roman world has to be one of the most if not the most epic in history. it was a tremendous clash of forces that lasted for a thousand years since Darius to Heraclius. Both sides had spectacular victories and defeats on the battle field, but in the end nobody won as the Caliphate would sweep both empires. A thousand years of war for nothing, it boggles the mind how incredibly glorious and stupid is human history.
How do you decide what combo of mods to use for each period? Iv noticed the look of the units in your mods are awesome. Especially the Romans in this battle. I like the period where they start transitioning between the classic and late look
The speaker should educate himself a little and not be bias! The Sassanids was a dynasty of IRAN (Persia) and was not a middle eastern empire only but it was a world empire! Basically there were only two major world empires in this world during the Romans era, one was Persia and the other was Rome!
They captured reigning emperor and killed one(or not-there are more variants and there is also possibility they killed two of which you seems to be not aware)but didn't captured any intended future Emperor.Romans almost captured Sassanid monarch at least on two occasions.Closest to it they get in early 7th century where he was saved at the last moment by his bodyguard.
A wonderful channel that deserves the best regards, appreciation, admiration and pride. It provides accurate and useful information. I thank you for all the beautiful words and sincere feelings for your distinguished posts. I wish you continued success and all the best. My utmost respect and appreciation
Az évszám hibás. Ez a csat Kr.u. 260-ban történt. Valerianus császár elfogása és megalázó rabságban tartása volt az a sok, ami fordulópontot hozott Rómában és felhagytak A Pártus-Szaszanida birodalom elleni támadásokkal.
Khosrow Shapur revived the glory of Iran and the Persians. While the Roman Empire thought that Iran was weak. But the glorious Persian warriors crushed Valerian's army with devastating attacks. They captured him and took him to Iran and used him and his soldiers to build Shushtar Dam. Persian men are always awake.
A mostly infantry army with limited missle armorment in open country facing elite horse Archers and heavy cavalry that can attack or disengage whenever they want.What could possibly go wrong.
Hello, can I please confirm which roman model mod was used for the 3rd century legionaries? I've had a look at the mod list and cant see the units. Thanks :) Great video also.
Am i the only one who is enjoying this as a 2-hour Netflix film?
Entire 600 years of persian - roman war should be a HBO series not Netflix.
honestly bro netflizx is bad
This is better than the historical garbage Netflix puts out. 👍
@@michaelg.1786Wokeflix will give us Black South American Parthians and Sub-saharan Chinese Romans 🤦♂️
This should be a series so you don’t have to worry about cramming everything in
Lack of ranged units and underestimated of how much capable those mounted horse archers and mighty Sevaran Knights (Cataphracts) contributed to Emperor Valerian's defeated
And many others
I was also
amazed that in every lost war Roman or Byzantines had very few ranged unit. They were highly dependent on heavy infantry and their shields.
Cataphacts would not gallop that way. The horse was fully loaded and in many cases their armor would be metal that exposed to full sun would be very uncomfortable to wear.
Must be frustrating for the Romans they’re used to fighting standing armies not shoot and running armies lol
The Eastern Roman Empire and the Sassanid Empire both played a significant role in the development of human civilization and culture. They were enemies and, more importantly, rivals, and they helped each other progress. Both of them had the ability to become the largest and most magnificent empire in the history of mankind if they did not have a stubborn and powerful neighbor like each other.
True, during the times of Emperor Anastasius, there was an agreement between the 2 Empires.
The Romans would pay the Sasanids and they (Sassanians) would post large defensive forces in the Caucasisn passes, both knew what madness the nomadic tribes could unleash on their cities.
Thats good, but they should had done something similar in the south, to the arabs, an arabic wall, with defences like Roman Rhine and Danube
The construction of walls and the construction of garrisons in the Caucasus was successful considering the geographical conditions of the region, but such a method was not effective against the Arabs, because the entire Middle Rhine region (Iraq, Syria, ... ), which is the common border of the Arabs with the two empires, was completely It consisted of a flat plain. And building a wall in the plain is a waste of time and money.
Instead, they created a relatively safe buffer zone between themselves and the Arabs by forming vassal kingdoms. One of the biggest mistakes of the Sassanids was destroying their own vassal kingdom.
@@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014
The first time I ever heard of this battle was actually from an art history class. We were in a period covering Persia in the classical period. There's statues, reliefs from Persia celebrating this victory. I remember them because it showed the Romans submitting in defeat to the victorious Sasanian ruler.
Anyways, the two empires would go back and forth for centuries fighting each other to the point of exhaustion. This allowed the Muslim conquests to be a possibility because Rome and Persia had beaten each other to a bloody pulp.
Yeah there are rock reliefs across Iran showcasing some of the Sassanian history and in particular the victory of Edessa portraying the shah on horse back, Philip the Arab kneeling in front of him and emperor Valerian standing in gesture , it's located in the province of Fars(Basically Persis from the ancient times), relatively close to Persepolis. It's also very interesting to see how many of the ancient city names from the Sassanian era have remained exactly the same throughout all the centuries with minimal changes. I also read somewhere that the very bridge the romans built in Iran is still standing to this date but unfortunately with the current regime in power, the least thing they care about is Iran itself...
But Romans never defeated persians@
@Warmaker - I learned of it through a powerful and disturbing poem by the American poet Anthony Hecht. Then in 2010, I travelled to Iran, and while visiting Persepolis, I saw Shapur I's victory bas relief at Naqsh-e-Rostam, about 3 km north of Persepolis. The relief depicts Valerian kneeling in surrender in front of a mounted Shapur.
درود برتو ... دقیقا گل گفتی❤ اگه رومیان و ایرانیان یکدیگر را فرسوده نمیکردند ، عرب ها خیلی حقیر تر از این حرف ها بودند ک با ایرانیان و رومیان بجنگند... ای کاش جنگهای خونین 25ساله بین ایرانیان و رومیان سرنمیگرفت چقد خوشبخت میشدن و میموندی مردمان این دو سرزمین❤❤
@@mohammadpirvandi-ln7pu
وهل يخسر العرب المعركة و فيهم عمر بن الخطاب كاسر ضلع كسرى 😂
I like how the Roman Legionaries portrayed here have a mixture of classic scutums and newer round shields. It feels like Imperial Rome transitioning to the Late Roman Empire.
Yes, it was that time.
Crisis of the third century boiiii
I also see some wearing a ridge helmet
That’s how the legions looked in the third century
As an Iranian we are proud to have battled and gone head to head with such a formidable force like the Roman’s and to this day we see the Greeks and Romans as our most respected rivals throughout history.
You have nothing to be proud of, those are not your triumphs, go milk your Camels. 😄
The Roman Empire army at there peak was almost 500,000 warriors so if Roman Empire exist today he was going to be 1 of the 10 largest army in the world today in 2023 that how big and powerful unified Roman Empire was without question one of the best and largest army compare to any Empire in history but when he come to war with Iran King Shapur I The Emperor Hunter made this Empire look like joke Rome was almost completely destroyed by him he killed 150,000 or more warriors out 500,000 warriors of Roman Empire in few battle is victory are better than Hannibal vs Rome by numbers and also is victory are as good as any military commanders or ruler in history just is victory vs Rome forget about Kushan Empire, Parthian Empire or any others that he beat also Valerian, the only Roman emperor captured alive in all history in only 3 battle the blows that Shapur inflicted upon the Roman army were indeed catastrophic and deadly since the time of Hannibal up to one third of Rome’s professional army (including officers) numbering around 150,000 troops or even more had been simply eliminated in only 3 battle ONLY 3 the greatest psychological blow was the capture of Emperor Valerian and his ceremonial chariot as commemorated in the Shapur inscriptions (SKZ Shapur Kaba Zartusht Greek lines 19-37) as well as the sites of Naghsh-e-Rustam and Bishapur. Never in the history of Rome had a Roman Emperor been captured alive. According to Ferril
@@yaqubleis6311в 260 году Римская империя уже была изрядно ослабленна из за варваров на севере, и коррупции, и поэтому качество армии была не на пики.
Если бы армия Рима встретилась на пики своей мощности.... но я думаю ты понял.
@@yaqubleis6311 yea I’ve seen naqshe rostam, it’s a national pride even for the devilish mullahs.
🇬🇷🇮🇷🇮🇹
as persian i am really proud that we had such a powerfull and rich history , that we were considered rivals for the romans . but never the less if the romans and greeks were not our enemies we couldnt develop such an army and expand as much as we did . i have a great respect for romans and greeks :)
Don't forget how many Greeks settled in the lands of the Persians after Alexander the Great and the coins struct by the Arsacids with the term "Philellenas" in order to be liked by the Greek populations of Parthia and beyond. I totally respect the Persians. The Romans were mostly Greek anyway as Rome was just one city.
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου i know and we cant forget that greeks worked in achaemenid army for many years as mercenaries. yes the persians and greeks have a really conected history. i respect both greeks and romans as they were the reseaon for us to develop and advance as well
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου the Hellenistic period itself was an exchanged period of Persian and Greek culture, as for the Persians, they took many influences from Greek architecture, art and philosophy, and for the Greeks, they took many influences from Persian culture, fashion, customs, and administrative system method.
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου And yes, the Parthians were interested in Greek culture, but they were also loyal to their own Iranian culture as well. But the most important point is that they were Iranian ppl and they were the ones who defeated the Seleucids. And the Parthian interest in Greek culture is not a bad thing, just as Alexander's interest in Iranian culture should not be a bad thing for you!!!
📚📚the book of : "the Persians seen by the Greeks under the direction of Dominique lanfant", french version : "Les Perses vus par les Grecs"👇🏻👇🏻
Chapter 14-8. People around Alexander reacted to the acceptance of Iranian customs. Cleitus and Flattery: One evening of drinking, Cleitus decries the flatterers' complacency towards Alexander and allows himself to belittle his military prowess. Alexander, mad with anger, kills him. Callisthenes' opposition to proskynesis: Alexander wants the Iranian custom of proskynesis (movement of homage) to be adopted for him. Convinced that his father is Amon and not Philip, he considers himself worthy of this divine distinction. If some of the Greeks around him granted it out of flattery, Callisthenes, a former student of Aristotle, considered it a disgrace and, like most Macedonians, refused it.
Alexander has Bessus's nose and ears cut off, then orders his execution in Ecbatana before the assembly of the Medes and Persians. For the first time, Arrian passes a critical judgment on Alexander, citing his adoption of barbaric customs-indulgence in luxury, abandonment of Macedonian attire for Median clothing and the "Persian tiara of the conquered," despotic authority, and a lack of self-control, especially in regards to alcohol. Arrian doesn't specify when Alexander started adopting Persian customs but, like other authors, sees the halt in Hyrcania as a turning point, where Alexander feels he has successfully achieved his goal and firmly holds the empire.
- ch. 8-14. Alexander's entourage reacted to the adoption of customs
Persians---Arrian includes these later episodes about Cleitus and Callisthenes because they are related to the theme of adopting Persian customs. Cleitus and flattery: During a drunken night, Cleitus criticizes the flattery towards Alexander and belittles his military achievements. Enraged, Alexander kills him. Callisthenes' opposition to proskynesis: Alexander wants to be honored with the Persian custom of proskynesis (a gesture of homage). Believing his father is Ammon, not Philip, he considers himself worthy of this divine distinction.
interesting details 👍
The heavy cavalry/cataphrats were the main forces of melee in the Sasanian army. Persian heavy cavalry of Sasanian era was called Shahswaran, meaning king cavalry, they were the first units in history with complete armour protection and their main weapon was in fact lances and mace, the very first version of knights, just as they are described on Shiraz historical sites and kermanshah mountain carvings. I even heard that the old Arabic word for knight, _Faris_ is same as the Arabic word for Persians.
There is a strange thing that the emperors who persecuted Christianity all received a painful end. For example Nero was deposed and committed suicide, Decius was betrayed and killed on the battlefield, Valerian was forced into slavery and Diocletianus clinical illness and suicide(google translation)
and Galerius's gangrene.
We are not like that sasanids were not slave owners we saw his lust for gold and rewarded him with molten gold as he wronged his people and betrayed them
A lot of Roman emperors received a painful end; when it comes to Valerian specifically, there are multiple reports about what eventually happened to him - including that Christians made up the claim of Valerian becoming a slave as a "warning" to anti-Christian emperors.
Yeah, because most of the historians were Christian, so they had to favor themselves and denounce their enemies.
One wonders if Constantine hadn't killed Crispus.
Not sapped by that epic tragedy, Constantine might have made his planned Persian campaign a decade earlier, with a hundred thousand men fresh off the wars with the Goths and Licinius.
At the very least, he would have landed blows heavier than Carus or Galerius, perhaps restoring Roman rule to the Persian Gulf.
Had he not died in 337, this might have happened anyway.
Now this was badass well done👏
Cool Cinematic video) I didn’t even know that it was possible to shoot so beautifully and coolly in total war Attila. Many thanks to the author
The fight that led to Valerian kneeling before Shapur
That was Philip
@@Shahanshah.Shahin shapur defeated tree roman emprores
@@gods_fall I know
The Roman Empire army at there peak was almost 500,000 warriors so if Roman Empire exist today he was going to be 1 of the 10 largest army in the world today in 2023 that how big and powerful unified Roman Empire was without question one of the best and largest army compare to any Empire in history but when he come to war with Iran King Shapur I The Emperor Hunter made this Empire look like joke Rome was almost completely destroyed by him he killed 150,000 or more warriors out 500,000 warriors of Roman Empire in few battle is victory are better than Hannibal vs Rome by numbers and also is victory are as good as any military commanders or ruler in history just is victory vs Rome forget about Kushan Empire, Parthian Empire or any others that he beat also Valerian, the only Roman emperor captured alive in all history in only 3 battle the blows that Shapur inflicted upon the Roman army were indeed catastrophic and deadly since the time of Hannibal up to one third of Rome’s professional army (including officers) numbering around 150,000 troops or even more had been simply eliminated in only 3 battle ONLY 3 the greatest psychological blow was the capture of Emperor Valerian and his ceremonial chariot as commemorated in the Shapur inscriptions (SKZ Shapur Kaba Zartusht Greek lines 19-37) as well as the sites of Naghsh-e-Rustam and Bishapur. Never in the history of Rome had a Roman Emperor been captured alive. According to Ferril
One story is that Shapur used him as a footstool then skinned him alive after which his skin was stuffed with straw and kept in a Persian temple. And only cremated after a later Roman Victory.
Sassanid Persians are really underrated.Its great to see more contents related to Roman_Persian wars. 💚🤍❤️
Thank you, this was brilliant!
though we still know very little about this battle, the outcome was fatal for Roman army... most of 70000 Romans were lost, the Emperor was taken as prisoner. And this is not the first time Romans were completely defeated in this region... the battle of Carrae is another example of this...
Persian power 💪 🇮🇷 🇹🇯
Rome Total War: Your forces are under attack by the Sassanids
Me: Ah crap. Auto resolve and start building another army.
Awesome job! Nice to see that I'm not the only sucker who got surrounded and pummeled by those annoying horse archers.
The Sasanians defeated the Huns in history, and the leader of the Huns' army was the father of Attila
@@ramtin5152 It is true, but the European Huns in the era of Attila’s father tried to fight the Sassanids and Khosrow, and the Huns in Central Asia were allies of the Sassanids since the era of Shapur II.
I respect this battle as there was not a huge cavalry archer army, unlike carrhae.
I consider armies of 80% at least of being unmanly, effeminate, scared of virile brawl
와 진짜 영화다이건!! 한글자막 까지 감사합니다! 구독완료!!
As an Iranian I loved it especially the sound of starting
As an Italian I love how different tactics made the day, shaping battles and, literally, the destiny of such unique empires. And that day became History! Greetings from Italy to all the Middle East!
Thanks ❤
Вивад Италия👍✌
As in almost all cinematic depictions of ancient field battles, the two opposing armies, heavily armed and in full armor, run towards each other from several hundred meters. This is physically impossible, the soldiers would have been so exhausted from the heavy load after this run that they would no longer have been able to fight. Instead, the armies advanced slowly towards each other until they collided.
and in the case of Roman armies in complete silence. It was forbidden to even whisper cause they needed to hear the orders.
what an epic battle, I really enjoyed it
Thanks for sharing. Great animation to bring past back live.
Awesome video. I rarely comment but I just had to give you some feedback. The quality, the music and the narration were amazing. Definitely subscribing for more.
I really enjoy these battles, thanck you for that
I noticed the Farya Faraji immediately. Now this is going to be epic
But the song, which one is it?!
Im looking at every Persian song/music in his channel.
Help! I really love this one
Thanks, great video, a sublime effort 👏
Not sure it's the right niche but if anyone's brutally interested in Ancient history, Parthian, Sasanid, Roman, etc., I robustly recommend Schwerpunkt's videos series
Right up my street, appreciate it brother
Or kings and generals as well, both give good overviews and lessons
This battle was a disaster for Rome, first time in Rome’s history that an Emperor was taken prisoner.
Stepping onto a battlefield with no cavalry in those times is crazy.
bro the music at the start is so damn good bro holy...
Just to let you know the song is I am Cyrus by Farya Faraji.
Thank you for the song name! I was looking and dissecting every Persian music song in Farya Faraji Persian Part
🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻
Are you Persian? Deep respect for your culture and civilization
Shapur the Great
There is a relief of Valerian kneeling before Shapur in the role of Rostam in Iran
Not bad true, but the Persians never succeded in defeating the Greek Byzantines and taking Constantinople. Greeks and Persians have defined the history of the modern world.
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου Byzantium Empire was not Greek Heraclius was not Greek
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου they beat the best military commander in history Byzantium Empire Belisarius
Yes, right, they were Japanese. A person with called Herakleos wfo speaks Greek is obviously Greek. His children were named Herakleos, Constantine, Heraklonas, Eudoxia and Epiphania. What are these names, Greek or Chinese? Why didn't he name his children with other names?
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου Heraclius was Armenian descent or Parthian Iranian origin form Armenia you was definitely not Greek idiot
With the grace of Ahura Mazda, may the 'House of Sasan' rise again!
Cool man, Ahura Mazda vs Ahriman!
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου just for curiosity, do you speak Persian? or have you been in contact with someone who speaks Persian?
Because the names Ahuramazda and Ahriman are known together only by Persian speakers😅
My friend, no, unfortunately I don't speak Farsi, but I have studied Classical Archaeology in England and I learned basic stuff about Zoroastrianism,. The impact of Persia on the western world is far greater than people understand, actually people haven't got a clue about it. Through the Greeks, ancient Persian culture has become part of our cosmos. We just don't know about it. I believe Greece and Persia shaped the modern world, the same way the shaped the ancient one.@@CyrusPersia-wv7zo
@@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου I totally agree my friend, Greece and Persia were both great civilizations and world builders, great that you are knowledgeable and aware of this. I am also very interested in learning about ancient history and study it, but as a hobby, not a job. In the book I am reading, I have many references to cultural exchanges between Greeks and Persians. Really interesting and respectable 🇮🇷♥️🇬🇷
@@CyrusPersia-wv7zo I am not a professional, I only studied it, but then I studied International Affairs in the Middle East, so I am more aware of the cultural continuitions in the region and how it shapes what we seeing today. There is no doubt that Persian cultural and administrative values were transplanted to the West via the Hellenistic Kingdoms which Rome copied. Greeks copied the Persians and the Romans copied the Greeks. And I am really interested in what happened in Hellenistic Babylonia, Mesopotamia, and Bactria. There are many interested articles and studies on the subject. The Seleucids rebuilt all the mejor Temples in Uruk.
You must have a monster PC to handle all that!
Mighty ancestors of Iranians💪
this is badass!! it really looks like a movie!
Man, your videos are beautiful
Wow! Period correct armor! Nice to see someone get it right for once!
تحياتي من عربي إلى إيران لطالما العرب والفرس الحقوا هزائم ساحقة على الرومان في الرها وكارهاي واليرموك
Yarmouk coming soon
❤
نادراً ما ترى عربياً يحترم الفرس، سأدعو لروحك الطيبة🫂
@@shapur_II
رغم عداوتنا القديمه والمتجددة إلى أننا جيران ونحمل نفس الجينات ❤
آمل أن ازور إيران يوماً ما
@WarAndHistory
من فضلك معركة القادسية
Toll das Video danke habe lange keine Battle bekommen schön das du jetzt wieder uns welche in you Tube stellst. Find ich super gut🙋♀️🙏🇩🇪😘👍👍💁♀️
The music with marching is a vibe for sure.
The song is I am Cyrus by Farya Faraji.
Excellent. Great video.
Que des plaisirs de vues 😊
Thank for bringing to " life " an account that is a quick read in a book. The Roman History books I have or read focus on the Emporer being a slave to a king and his skin winding up in a temple. Like you pointed out, there's no account of the actual battle, save that the Romans got clobbered .Wonderful presentation!! Thanks again!!😊👍👍👍
the rivalry between the persian dynasties and the greco-roman world has to be one of the most if not the most epic in history. it was a tremendous clash of forces that lasted for a thousand years since Darius to Heraclius. Both sides had spectacular victories and defeats on the battle field, but in the end nobody won as the Caliphate would sweep both empires. A thousand years of war for nothing, it boggles the mind how incredibly glorious and stupid is human history.
This is incredible, man! Do you think we could get another Total War Troy mythos battle? Pretty please?
How do you decide what combo of mods to use for each period? Iv noticed the look of the units in your mods are awesome. Especially the Romans in this battle. I like the period where they start transitioning between the classic and late look
As an Iranian person I wish i could be one of the iranian soldiers at this war❤💔
Aha, how about a gladius blade through your guts...
Morirías...ni peros ni peras
@@jonathanperceo8090 he would shoot and run lol
Dispararias y te retirarias ,en cuerpo a cuerpo cualquier romano te destruiría en menos de 5 segundos
Still someone present from that battle 🤔maybe
There must be a semi truck engine running this PC. Great video🤙🏻
Thanks 👍
The speaker should educate himself a little and not be bias! The Sassanids was a dynasty of IRAN (Persia) and was not a middle eastern empire only but it was a world empire! Basically there were only two major world empires in this world during the Romans era, one was Persia and the other was Rome!
What about China, and India.
Grüssenach Amerika super Kanal🙋♀️🙏🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸👍
Do not round the face of Iranians like desert Arabs. Sassanid soldiers are not like that
Ahh the Persians, every bit Rome’s equal and even at times it’s superior: capturing both a reigning and future emperor and killing a third.
They captured reigning emperor and killed one(or not-there are more variants and there is also possibility they killed two of which you seems to be not aware)but didn't captured any intended future Emperor.Romans almost captured Sassanid monarch at least on two occasions.Closest to it they get in early 7th century where he was saved at the last moment by his bodyguard.
RESPECT FROM PERSIA 🫂
I would love to see how the roman emperor was captured
A wonderful channel that deserves the best regards, appreciation, admiration and pride. It provides accurate and useful information. I thank you for all the beautiful words and sincere feelings for your distinguished posts. I wish you continued success and all the best. My utmost respect and appreciation
Thanks for the visit
The battle formation was so lovely
Almost 700 years of war... Man i bet Italian and Iranian still hold a grudge up to today
Nah
Persian cataphracts roman soliders nightmare 💀💀💀💀
Even Roman could Copy Persian Cataphracht, The Original Persian Cataphracht still a biggest treat to them
All of a sudden everyone is a history teacher here
Valerian became a footstool for the Sassanid king.
Az évszám hibás. Ez a csat Kr.u. 260-ban történt. Valerianus császár elfogása és megalázó rabságban tartása volt az a sok, ami fordulópontot hozott Rómában és felhagytak A Pártus-Szaszanida birodalom elleni támadásokkal.
Learn how to read it’s says 260
Says 260
Hemmm, no. Las guerras contra los sasánidas continuaron hasta el siglo VII.
The real nightmare of the Roman Empire King Shapur I The Emperor Hunter
And Shapur II, nightmare of the arabs
Magnificent battle and video. What mod do you use to create such a huge army?
I think he just enables "large army" in the custom battle menu.
The mod is “colossal unit size x3” all mods in description.
Khosrow Shapur revived the glory of Iran and the Persians. While the Roman Empire thought that Iran was weak. But the glorious Persian warriors crushed Valerian's army with devastating attacks. They captured him and took him to Iran and used him and his soldiers to build Shushtar Dam. Persian men are always awake.
Based Persians!
That number of the unit you deploy absolutly burn my PC to the core if itry to make custom battle like you
いつも日本語字幕をありがとう❤
I can't understand how an army of men and horses could be fed and maintained in these times. The food alone would be a huge challenge.
My ancestors , I proud to my persian blood ❤
What was the name of the Persian music being played during the narration?
Sassanids from Attila total war. and the first one also was a persian song called "I'm cyrus".
@@parsarustami774 Thank you!
Why good collection of video and music
Your music has quite a BYZANTINE flavor....well done ZITO SAS
Can you do the Battle of Nisibis 217AD?
I don't know this is mod or not but units especially sassanids unit are perfectly historical accurate
Iranian cataphract muscle and steel 🦾🇮🇷
Robot Cop, Persian modern cataphract haha
A mostly infantry army with limited missle armorment in open country facing elite horse Archers and heavy cavalry that can attack or disengage whenever they want.What could possibly go wrong.
شاهنشاه شاپور بزرگ ❤🇮🇷🦅🦅🦅🦅
Como le haces para poner tantas unidades en el Rome Total War. Eso es impresionante, ya me imagino la super PC que debes tener.
What is the title of the song put at the beginning of the vidéo by Bellum et Historia concerning the battle of Edesse ?
It’s I am Cyrus by Farya Faraji.
زنده با ایران با تمدن غنی و کهن ❤
Nice video thanks
Roman armies lost to horse-archer armies over and over through the centuries. You'd think they'd learn.
They did.By 6th century their main offensive weapon was also horsearchers.
For persia (iran) ❤❤❤
The soundtrack in the beginning is beautiful. Where can I find it?
It’s I am Cyrus by Farya Faraji.
121212121 wiwiwiw wkwkw❤😂 6:05
❤ from iran
زن زندگیم رو پیدا کردم :)
What's the name of the music I love your content, it's great
It’s I am Cyrus by Farya Faraji.
The Roman Units for the time period are not extremely detailed, but still a good job !!!
Even sasanid units
bro i was very hyped in 2004 when i was 5 and now this scares the shit out of me
Mock Me As You Will - But A Proper British Accent Makes A Good Documentary Even Better ...
😎
Please do a Parthia vs Sassanid video how Sassanid had replaced Parthia as rival to Rome. 😊 Also whats the title of the song at the beggining?
that was nice cinematic scences
Wow , Amazing
Persian empir⚔🦅
Y porqué hay que traducir al anglosajón? el anglosajón no tiene nada de la gracia necesaria para hacer traducciones 😮
can you make the Battle of Nineveh 627 AD please?
01:57 and 1:56 yes Crassus one of the members of the triumvirate
To the children who put this together, Roman soldiers did not march sword-in-hand, they carried pilums.
The games engine has limitations, don't be disrespectful
Ah yes, the imposing armchair historian is going to lecture someone without producing a more accurate version of the video on their own.
So beautiful
페르시아인들은 동로마를 막아냈고 몽골도 막아내는 엄청난 역사를 가지고 있다.
No persian
Sasani = KURDİSH
❤
🎉🎉❤
Hello, can I please confirm which roman model mod was used for the 3rd century legionaries? I've had a look at the mod list and cant see the units. Thanks :) Great video also.