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Persia, like Germany, was a very uncomfortable enemy for Rome. The Germans were strong in infantry, and the Persians were strong in cavalry. As a result, the Roman army began to train the infantry according to the German model, and the cavalry according to the Persian.
Shapur I was arguablly the greatest foe Rome ever faced outside of Hannibal. He uterrly destroyed massive Roman armies repeatedly, he was responsible for the first Sassanid Golden Age. I also like the fact that you highlighted the fact that it was never Shapurs intention to permanently hold many of the Roman territories he invaded, the objective was the destroy Roman resources, carry off plunder and prisoners to his own empire and win prestige for himself, he kept control of the conquests that actually mattered to him which were in Armenia and the eastern frontiers. The Third Century really was a terrible time for the Romans, thank god for Aurelian.
Shapur was one busy king darting from one end of his empire to the other that would have taken weeks and months. The experience he gained from his father while campaigning was what made hime so successful.
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب oh no. That "god of time" is called "Zurvān"( literally meaning time, it is the root of Persian word for time which is "Zamān")and him being the ultimate source of creation through the creation of "Ahurā Mazdā"( literally meaning "Wise lord") and "Ahrīman"( it is the Persianized form of the Avestan word "angra mainyu" which means "the dark spirit" - the good and bad gods respectively - is something that came around much after the Zoroaster himself. This presentation of Zoroastrianism was founded during the Sasanian era( which also saw the birth of other Zoroastrian inspired religions such as the Manichean religion and Mazdakism. The latter is notable for its proto communist ideals). And is called Zurvānism. You can think of Zurvānism as a branch or offshoot of Zoroastrianism. In the teachings of Zoroaster himself( which are called Gathas and are actually ancient poems) there is no mention of Zurvān as the god of time. It's only used as meaning time. If you are wondering how are things in the original Zoroastrianism, it is mentioned various times in Gathas that Mazda is the being responsible for the creation of everything that exists. both good and evil( but the creation of evil is not said directly, you can only understand it indirectly). In Gathas, Ahurā Mazdā creates humans, creates their will and ability to think, and then creates the good and evil spirits that humans can choose from as also said by Zoroaster himself. But in later depictions, Ahrimans or the evil spirit is the opposing force of Ahurā Mazdā
Hi all. I wrote the script for this video. I wanted to tell the story of the campaigns of Ardashir I and Shapur I, and I wanted to do it almost entirely from the Sasanian perspective. So, rather than tell the usual story of Rome in crisis (you’ve already seen me do that in the Aurelian and Satala videos), I contextualised the early Romano-Sasanian wars against the background of Sasanian expansion elsewhere, into Arabia, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. I did this by reading Iranian, Arabic, Syriac and Armenian sources, alongside coins and inscriptions, as well as the usual Greek and Latin texts (and modern scholarship). I wish I had included Ardashir’s successful expedition into the Punjab and his victory over a Hunnic king, but I came across these less well known campaigns long after the script was finalised. Likewise, I only recently became aware of the evidence that the rulers of Sakastan were Ardashir’s allies, and that Ardashir’s stay in Sakastan thus would have been a peaceful stop-over during his campaign across eastern Iran. I should have also mentioned that, at Edessa, Shapur also captured the praetorian prefect as well as senators and senior military officers. As for the battle of Edessa, I offered a plausible reconstruction based on how the Sasanians usually fought their battles (including how they used cataphracts, archers, elephants, Dailamites, Paighan, etc), combined with 1) Shapur’s own testimony on the size and composition of the Roman army (he would have had good intel on their composition since he captured many of them!), 2) the testimony of Zosimus and Peter the Patrician on the negotiations, actions and conditions leading up to the battle, 3) the claims of Aurelius Victor and Peter the Patrician that Shapur defeated or deceived Valerian with a trick, and 4) Zonaras’ claim that Shapur used his superior numbers of cavalry to encircle the Roman line (the original version of the script made it clearer that I was offering a reconstruction based on these specific kinds of evidence). HistoryMarche did an excellent job producing this video, and I'm very proud of it.
Excellent, we truly admire your effort and perspectives I believe, you can ask help from those native speakers as they can provide you even deeper details
@@micahbonewell5994 There's no real way of knowing. I presumed the map was depicting the Persians as being more spread out rather than a larger army, since their army very likely consisted of multiple lines of cataphracts with some distance between each line.
How Adashur was able to go across his empire to fight and then go back to the other side to maintain control of that territory is amazing. Keeping the army strong and motivated and logistically supplied. Well Done Video by HistoryMarche.
Good to see this battle finally covered in high quality, and a portrayal of the truth that the Romans were severely outnumbered and outmatched in this battle. The Iranian-Roman wars are some of the most interesting in history in, so a video covering these events is always welcome.
Repeated skirmishes led to a new war in 260:“And in the third campaign, we set upon Carrhae and Edessa, and as we were besieging Carrhae and Edessa, Valerian Caesar came against us, and with him was a force [later specified as totaling 70,000] from the province (hštr) of the Goths and Germans [most Roman provinces are named]. And on the far side [= west] of Carrhae and Edessa a great battle took place for us with Valerianus Caesar. And we with our own hands took Valerian Caesar prisoner and the rest who were the commanders of this army, the Praetorian Prefect, and the senators, and the officers all of these we took prisoners and we led them away into Persis (Pārs). And we burned with fire, and we ravaged, and we took captive and we conquered the province of Syria, and the province of Cilicia, and the province of Cappadocia. And in that campaign we conquered from the Roman Empire [thirty-six cities are named with their dependent districts]. And we led the men from the Roman Empire, namely, from the Anērān [un-Iranian lands], away with the booty; and we settled them in our own Iranian empire-- in Persis, Parthia and in Ḵuzestān and in Āsōristān [=Babylonia], and in the other provinces, province by province, whenever we, or our father, or our forefathers or our ancestors had royal estates” (Maricq, 1965, pp. 52-6; Back, pp. 306-29: Huyse I, pp. 33-43; detailed commentary in Kettenhofen, pp. 97-126). They had 70000 and were outnumbered and outmatched severely?! I don't really think so. Specially given that Roman records of this era are very paradoxical.
I am amazed by the level of details and quality you've put in this. I was born in modern day fars province and have visited the necropolis of Naghsh-i-Rustam depicting Shapur's victory over Valerian; Such a joy to watching your video and learning some wonderful piece of information about the true story behind that rocky scene.
THANK YOU SO MUCH.... as iranian im so greatfull for your videos about old persian that i cant find anywhere...i watched all of your videos and love them thanks for full episodes they are amazing... keep up the good work...and god bless you.(my only request is if you can do a long video on assassins and they leader in deep so we can undrestand them more ty)
There are rock reliefs across Iran showcasing some of the Sassanian history and in particular the victory of Edessa portraying the shah on horse back, Philip the Arab kneeling in front of him and emperor Valerian standing in gesture , it's located in the province of Fars(Basically Persis from the ancient times but smaller), relatively close to Persepolis. They also made sure to carve some of the reliefs next to those of the Achaemenids. It's also very interesting to see how many of the ancient city names from the Sassanian era have remained exactly the same throughout all the centuries with minimal changes. I also read somewhere that the very bridge the romans built in Iran is still standing to this date but unfortunately with the current regime, the least thing they care about is Iran itself...
فعلا رژیم فعلی مقابل همین قدرتمندان جدید ایستاده و یک وجب از خاک رو نداده و آمریکا رو بارها تحقیر کرده ولی رژیم قبل که پهلوی بود بحرین و آرارات و هیرمند رو به دشمن واگذار کرد و توان مقابله با ضعیف ترین دولتها رو نداشت
There's also: The relief in Bishapur, which has Gordian's corpse beneath Shapur's horse, Valerian standing and being held by the wrist, and Philip kneeling. The relief in Rag-e Bibi, which shows Shapur and a captive Kushan king, likely Vasishka.
@@byronwaldron7933 Like i Said in the comment i think that sassanian and roman empire are very similar and this is Like trajan's column or stuff Like that
The story of Shapur beating Valerian's army is mindboggling to me. I am deeply thrilled to see a tenacious Persian army defeating a Roman one with such dominance and ferocity. Thanks to the video maker, HistoryMarche.
I haven't heard some of the music used in the video in a while. Reminds me of older days when the channel started. This is a blast from the past in many ways. :)
These videos are so, so good. Thank you for enriching our knowledge with not only details about a battle, but a introduction shaping the necessary context as well as an outro to show the ripples of the outcome of one such battle. It's this context and the huge effects it had on further history that sets your channel apart. As a history enthusiast, this is gold.
Just some pronunciation notes, The Gilans is pronounced Geelans and G as in Gum, Paighan is Paa-ye-Gun same G as Gilan, it literally means Foot Regiment and Pushtigban is Posh-tig(h)-ban, which means supporter or defender.
Shapur and his father Ardashir-i-Pābagān are also important religious figures in Zoroastrianism. Ardashir was supposedly from a lineage of Anahita temple priests. And Shapur paid special attention on collecting and joining the lost separated parts of the great Avestā( Zoroastrian religious book)
How does a being become so rich and powerful that he defeats the ruler of a city? This is very strange, and how he created a very, very strong army to defeat the Parthian kings.
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب first of all, we will never know precise details of the rise of the Sasanians. Just as usual, when it comes to ancient Iranians we don't have that much reliable info. Specially given that they themselves combined truth with legend for various reasons. Secondly, Ardashir might have been a prince instead of a priest' son( there are many accounts of his life). So him becoming the big guy is not that strange if that is the case( much more strange than that is Cyrus the great who strated his campaigns in a very similar position and defeated 3 superpowers!). And finally, there was a power vacuum in the region. Parthians had so many times fought internally that you get surprised to know how long they managed to rule with such a system. Everything was set for a satrap or vassal to come and take over just like the way Parthians themselves had. Ardashir was no fool, he started to rival with city governors( which wasn't something the king of kings cared for) first and took'em down one by one. Then when he saw the isolation amoung the ruling class, he attacked the satraps as their overlords were fighting each other. And finally when he was strong enough he fought the king of kings himself. I haven't seen any of Ardashir's campings available in detail but the battle of Hormozdgan is talked about in Islamic sources( no idea how reliable they are though): it is said that Artabanus and Ardashir met each other and agreed upon a specific date and place to fight. Ardashir did not wait untill the time to go, rather he went there earlier, occupying the higher ground and denying the surrounding area of any food to forage and any water to gather. When the day of battle came, he had many advantages that finally secured his Victory
@@عليياسر-ذ5بhe was of royal blood from his mother's sife and and his fatherbwas high ranking priest if I'm not mistaken, and by loyal blood I mean local rulers of persis
@@seyityilmaz6301 Strange, Arab and Persian sources say that his mother was one of the sons of kings and his father was the high priest in a Parsi city.
History Marche, AKA the Battle channel and IMO best coverage and depth for us who appreciate the writing, context, graphics, and o'all presentation online.
@@Azad_İla Persian is not an ethnic race! In fact Iranians never referred to their land as Persia. That’s the name Greeks called Iran due to their interactions with the Persians hence Persia and Iran became synonymous and used interchangeably. However Iranians have always called their land Iran or other cognates of it since the ancient times.
@@Azad_İla Wrong! Europeans were insignificant and irrelevant in this era 😆 It was actually the Greeks who erroneously called the Greater Iran as Persia in the ancient times due to their interactions with the Persians followed by the Romans and much later by the Europeans when they eventually became civilized. And don’t ever quote Herodotus to support your argument as he is famed by most credible historians as the father of lies with deep anti persian sentiments.
@@Azad_İla The subject of Kurds being of Medes origin is highly debated among scholars and historians. In fact Azaris are believed to be of a more accepted hypothesis including the entire Caucuses. Recent studies are attributing Kurds more or less to the Parthians. Nonetheless and contrary to your narrative, they were all Iranian tribes including Skythians, Sarmatians, Alans, Bactrians, Dahae, Khwarazmians, Massagetae, Medes, Parthians, Persians, Sagartians, Sakas, Sogdians, Cimmerians who spoke a dialect of an Iranian language which was mutually intelligible among all of them. In fact they all emerged from the same ethnocultural, linguistic, religious origin.
@@Azad_İla It’s worth noting that Persians are not a separate race from other Iranian peoples that you stated earlier. All Iranian tribes were collectively Aryans including the Persians. However Persians were not just renowned as simply one subgroup of the Iranian peoples. In fact Persian to Iranian people and outside world means much more than just merely one of the many Iranian tribes. Iranians of all walks of life pride on their Persian heritage, language, culture, art, architecture, music, festivals, and achievements. Persian kings are mentioned multiple times in the Bible and highly praised. Cyrus is the only gentile referred in the Bible as the “Messiah “. Cyrus also created the first multinational empire which stretched from Indus Valley to Egypt. At its height, an astounding 44% of the world’s population was ruled by Persians making it the largest empire in history by share of population. Cyrus is also globally admired to proclaim the first human rights charter. See Cyrus Cylinder which is kept at the British museum and a replica in the main entrance at display in the United Nations. Zoroastrian beliefs and festivals are celebrated to this date among all Iranian peoples in 13 countries including Yalda and the Persian New Year called Nowruz. The list goes on but I think above suffice to show why Persian to Iranians is not simply considered as just one of many other Iranian tribes.
So happy to read of the Roman Persian wars in more detail. I am looking for an even more detailed version though. Can you point me to some high quality videos on the Persian dynasties please?
Ich könnte meinen eigenen Kanal Strategikon (Marschall History) empfehlen. Dan wäre da noch Die Welt der Spätantike. Die sind aber alle auf Deutsch. Der einzige englische Kanal der glaube ich die Antike Persische Geschichte behandelt wäre Kings and Generals.
In fact, the Persian Roman war is the longest war in history, it lasted for 681 years. Ctesiphon and Constantinople were almost brought to the brink of Fall by both
Ich würde die Römisch-Persischen Kriege nicht als einen Zusammenhängenden Krieg betrachten. Schließlich gab es zwischen den Kriegen auch Friedensperioden. Die von beiden Seiten durch Schriftlich festgehaltene Friedensverträge geschlossen wurden. Bedeutet das auch beide Seiten diese Perioden als eine zeit des Friedens wahrnahmen. Auch wenn einige Friedensverträge nur ein paar Jahre hielten.
Sometimes I wonder why god sent his prophet among such men who can't even think of a rich history like Romans and Iranians.those who were barbarians before prophet,who which killed their infant girls just because they wanted sons. @@DjdhhdHdhdhd-hc2ps
Fucking hell shapur was active, he did not mess about did he, he moved back on forth like the wind and to sustain the energy to do it and not being afraid of going to war constantly, one crazy leader 😂 hats off
A selection of Roman sources avoid mentioning the battle, but this is the typical obfuscation displayed in Late Roman sources (they don't even acknowledge Misiche and Barbalissos). Other Roman sources, specifically Aurelian Victor, Peter the Patrician and Zonaras, make clear that there was a battle and provide certain details about what happened, and this is confirmed by Iranian sources.
@@byronwaldron7933 indeed. But later roman prisoners build huge dam. They were numerous then. A capitulation is not to be escluded, also taking into account that all the main officers were captured.
@@antoniotorcoli5740 There was presumably a mass capitulation during or after their defeat on the battlefield, but note that many prisoners would have also been collected over many years, from battles like Barbalissos and sackings like Antioch.
@@jangjueparsi9915 The above narration seems like Roman Cope. They want to save their reputation by putting all the blame on Valerian by saying either he is too simple/coward to trust and surrender infront of Shapur and under "able" leadership Roman would have won. Same trick was used in case of Gordian III as well, Philip betraying and usurping the throne is more respectful than saying that he was KIA in a war against Persian. The only exception was Julian, thought probably because he was a pagan and hated by the court writters, had he been a Christian emperor, "Roman Sources" would have written that he was on the verge of victory before Jovian assassinated him and took the title for himself .
Glad you finally covered the Battle of Edessa. Shapur I is one of the most unknown great generals of ancient history, in my opinion he has a position equal to Pyrrhus of Epirus.
@@Timur_aka_Tamerlanegotta remember the Roman of Augustus and Trajan was very very different from the Rome of the late third century. By this time the majority of the Roman army was made up by mostly barbarians.
Pyrrhus? That loser is not even qualified to lick the golden boots of Shapur I Sasanians had some of the best kings ever. Shapur II, Khosrow tye immortal soul and many others. And the clothing.....
Ardashair himself deserves a separate series alone. Look how many empires he conquered. The great empires of the ancient world. You should make a serious on his conquests if possible.😊
I'm the writer for this video. An Ardashir series would be excellent, but unfortunately we don't have enough details on his battles to suit the HistoryMarche format.
@@byronwaldron7933 Yeah sadly Persia's history is not like western empires history In fact everything we know today about them came from their enemies and their sources more or less got utterly destroyed by the later Arab invaders and later on by the Mongols and Turks
I hope you shift your attention to Persia, a great and rich land full of stories to be told and many battles to be animated, I know I will be watching them all
Hi there. I wrote the Edessa video. I'd love there to be a video on this topic, but there aren't enough details to make a video in the format of a HistoryMarche video. We know a few things about what likely happened and when (e.g. Sasanian expansion into Kabulistan, Arachosia and Sogdiana in the late 240s, expansion into Gandhara and capture of Vasishka in mid-260s), largely based on coins and inscriptions, but we don't have many details with which to produce a narrative.
Thank you for this video. Brilliant video. Sassanids the fearst foe of the eastern roman empire. Brilliant video. We always appreciate your hard work and dedication towards these videos. Your huge fan from Sri Lanka 🇱🇰🤝🏴. I think shapur and khosrow ii were the best and greatest foes of romans apart from hannibal and attila .
@the_persian_gulf Thank you for this information. Do you know whether or not these depictions and summaries have been translated into English and published? If so, what is the title of the publication?
Shapur having captured both Valerius and the Kushan king, do you think the three of them were ever together? Got to imagine that was one of the most interesting dinner parties of all time…
These very important battles are covered in TH-cam for the first time. Thank You very much for that. Though so much was covered in just one video. it could have been a series. Also, you didn't mention that Ardeshir saw his war with the Romans as a holy war. The crown of Shapoor on its profile picture is also not accurate at all. lastly, Shapoor built a Roman like town in Bishapoor for Valerian so he can feel at home. I also think Valerian capitulated and didn't really fight. Would be nice to mention the sources. Thank You again for this really great video 🎉❤
Thanks for another video about the Roman-Persian War! It may not be like the war between Emperor Heraclius and Shah Khosrow II that can be adapted as an alternative for the Rumbling in Attack on Titan but how Shah Shapur I defeated Emperor Valerian is still a great victory and an amazing achivement nonetheless! Also, seeing what Shah Shapur I did make me wonder that can Hannibal did the same or not. By plundering across the Italian peninsula before reaching Rome and holding the entire city and its population as hostages to force the Roman Senate to surrender, will such a plan worked?
No, hannibal couldn't do that, he doesn't have manpower from carthageand by the time of zama, most of his troops are gauls and italian. Hence, he couldn't raid any italian cities as he depend on them Shapur on the other hand have full control of vast rich empire of trade, agriculture and manpower Not to mention that he doesn't need to take care of the loyalty of his troopsas they are fellow iranian and not the same people as the roman
@@asmrnaturecat984 What about the idea of occupying Rome with the threat of destroying it? Will that be enough to convince the Roman Senate to sue for peace?
@@lerneanlionIt's impossible for Hannibal to ever capture Rome. Even if Rome fell to Hannibal, the Romans would still never surrender. They never surrender, give up, or quit any war.
In Latin C is always pronounced as a K. Pronouncing it CH is from more modern Italian. Cilicia would be pronounced Kilikia. PD: In modern day english would be "Silisia".
Persia's most WTF moment is probably the reign of Khosrow II(The victorious or Abarwēz). Guy literally conquered whole of Roman Asia plus Egypt, just to bitch about it and lose it all, get assassinated and throw Persia into anarchy( and effectively lay the ground for the fall of Sasanians)
The Later Khusro "Parviz" which literally means the bringer of victory almost conquered the Byzantine (eastern Roman Empire) the Romans were lucky that the community of the Zoroastrian Nobels couped him and send him to Black Hole or Siahchal
@@worldofmix6766 Khosrow was killed after his disasterous losses and tyrannic rule. He could have easily kept his conquered lands and revived the Achaemenid empire but he was too close to Romans, too busy with luxury and too proud to think logically
@@artinrahideh1229 no historic sources say that he promised his christian wife Shirin that he would bring the cross of Jesus from Jerusalem with him as a gift for her, This suggest that he was getting too Cozy with christians and high ranking Zoroastrian figures didn't like that so they deposed him which triggered a series of chaos and rebellion and assassination within the empire
@@worldofmix6766 that is not the only "too Roman" thing about Khosrow II. First of all, he owned his throne to the Romans and officially announced Maurice as his Father. He started the war just saying that They killed his father Maurice! 2 out of his 3 queens were Christian. The enemy religion of Zoroastrianism. Not so hard to imagine how unpopular it would have been for the "King of kings of the Ērān ud Anērān" to marry an Anērān( non Aryan, non Iranian, non Zoroastrian). He even built churches and donated money to christians! His pro Christian actions helped with the spread of Christianity and decline of Zoroastrianism in the Iranian heartland.
It’s a shame much of the history books and even Persians themselves concentrate so much on the Achaemenid kings, when in truth, some of the great Sassanid kings like Shapur achieved just as much in my eyes, if not more, when you consider how much more hostile their region was during this period and despite numerous nomadic incursions, they managed to maintain and run an empire and even go toe to toe and come out on top in many occasions with the strongest/greatest empire the world had seen up till that point.
I am a Iranian I remember my teacher told this story when I was in seventh grade it brought me some national pride knowing that Persia was able to defeat rome
@@KanuniSuleyman4857because our leaders have no intent on invading it. They rather drain the American middle class of all it's money and shooting it's missiles that costs millions at people who shouldn't even be shot at. If the US wanted we can invade just about anyone but in my opinion we should just stay to ourselves and let the world deal and fend for itself
During the Sasanian period, it was prophesied that after this period of centuries (I think 14 centuries) Iran will suffer many hardships, and it happened that the Arabs, Mongols and other countries attacked Iran. This prophecy was written on a stone tablet that is now kept in the Louvre Museum in France@hardtardbard7
@hardtardbard7 yeah I actually agree with you along with 95 percent of the population of Iran if iran was so strong our bills wouldn't double every year and most of us abandoned bieng Muslims. we just pretend to be Muslims because if the government finds out they will make you take a lesser job. And when passing exams 50 percent of the grade is how well you can read the quran even if you are studying a unrelated subject like physics
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Your Román videos are My favorites man! You're the Best! Please do Constantine the Great sometime! The milvian Bridget!🎉🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤❤
your english, just be english, it sounds goofy as hell when you try to annunciate like persians
Persia, like Germany, was a very uncomfortable enemy for Rome. The Germans were strong in infantry, and the Persians were strong in cavalry. As a result, the Roman army began to train the infantry according to the German model, and the cavalry according to the Persian.
@@Sigma_man_88 the sassanid persia was a worse enemy that the germanics tribes, was a unified and very organized enemy
Shapur I was arguablly the greatest foe Rome ever faced outside of Hannibal. He uterrly destroyed massive Roman armies repeatedly, he was responsible for the first Sassanid Golden Age. I also like the fact that you highlighted the fact that it was never Shapurs intention to permanently hold many of the Roman territories he invaded, the objective was the destroy Roman resources, carry off plunder and prisoners to his own empire and win prestige for himself, he kept control of the conquests that actually mattered to him which were in Armenia and the eastern frontiers. The Third Century really was a terrible time for the Romans, thank god for Aurelian.
Yeah the Romans probably respected him greatly.
I know I was cool bro , that's why I am known as the restorer of the world 😂😂😂 . With respect your favourite emperor Aurelian 😂😂😂😂
@@aureliangepu636 bro you're aurelian gepu he was Marcus aurelia n
Thank god for Aurelian.....*Praetorian guards have entered the chat*
and he defeated kushans, they were very powerful as well.
Shapur was one busy king darting from one end of his empire to the other that would have taken weeks and months. The experience he gained from his father while campaigning was what made hime so successful.
Yeah. Similar to Alexander fighting with his father Phillip.
Naaaaah, he was blessed by Ahuramazda.
@@artinrahideh1229 You mean the God of Time, isn't he God in Zoroastrianism, and the God of Light and Darkness are just his children?
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب oh no. That "god of time" is called "Zurvān"( literally meaning time, it is the root of Persian word for time which is "Zamān")and him being the ultimate source of creation through the creation of "Ahurā Mazdā"( literally meaning "Wise lord") and "Ahrīman"( it is the Persianized form of the Avestan word "angra mainyu" which means "the dark spirit" - the good and bad gods respectively - is something that came around much after the Zoroaster himself. This presentation of Zoroastrianism was founded during the Sasanian era( which also saw the birth of other Zoroastrian inspired religions such as the Manichean religion and Mazdakism. The latter is notable for its proto communist ideals). And is called Zurvānism. You can think of Zurvānism as a branch or offshoot of Zoroastrianism. In the teachings of Zoroaster himself( which are called Gathas and are actually ancient poems) there is no mention of Zurvān as the god of time. It's only used as meaning time.
If you are wondering how are things in the original Zoroastrianism, it is mentioned various times in Gathas that Mazda is the being responsible for the creation of everything that exists. both good and evil( but the creation of evil is not said directly, you can only understand it indirectly). In Gathas, Ahurā Mazdā creates humans, creates their will and ability to think, and then creates the good and evil spirits that humans can choose from as also said by Zoroaster himself. But in later depictions, Ahrimans or the evil spirit is the opposing force of Ahurā Mazdā
Depends on which Zoroastrian branch you're talking about, the one you're talking about was influenced by helcanic influence,
Hi all. I wrote the script for this video. I wanted to tell the story of the campaigns of Ardashir I and Shapur I, and I wanted to do it almost entirely from the Sasanian perspective. So, rather than tell the usual story of Rome in crisis (you’ve already seen me do that in the Aurelian and Satala videos), I contextualised the early Romano-Sasanian wars against the background of Sasanian expansion elsewhere, into Arabia, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent.
I did this by reading Iranian, Arabic, Syriac and Armenian sources, alongside coins and inscriptions, as well as the usual Greek and Latin texts (and modern scholarship).
I wish I had included Ardashir’s successful expedition into the Punjab and his victory over a Hunnic king, but I came across these less well known campaigns long after the script was finalised. Likewise, I only recently became aware of the evidence that the rulers of Sakastan were Ardashir’s allies, and that Ardashir’s stay in Sakastan thus would have been a peaceful stop-over during his campaign across eastern Iran. I should have also mentioned that, at Edessa, Shapur also captured the praetorian prefect as well as senators and senior military officers.
As for the battle of Edessa, I offered a plausible reconstruction based on how the Sasanians usually fought their battles (including how they used cataphracts, archers, elephants, Dailamites, Paighan, etc), combined with 1) Shapur’s own testimony on the size and composition of the Roman army (he would have had good intel on their composition since he captured many of them!), 2) the testimony of Zosimus and Peter the Patrician on the negotiations, actions and conditions leading up to the battle, 3) the claims of Aurelius Victor and Peter the Patrician that Shapur defeated or deceived Valerian with a trick, and 4) Zonaras’ claim that Shapur used his superior numbers of cavalry to encircle the Roman line (the original version of the script made it clearer that I was offering a reconstruction based on these specific kinds of evidence). HistoryMarche did an excellent job producing this video, and I'm very proud of it.
Thank you for your work!
If you guys enjoyed the narrative in this video, make sure to check out Byron's book amz.run/72yB
Excellent, we truly admire your effort and perspectives
I believe, you can ask help from those native speakers as they can provide you even deeper details
According to your research, how large was the Sassanian army at Edessa? It is depicted in the video as being larger than the roman one
@@micahbonewell5994 There's no real way of knowing. I presumed the map was depicting the Persians as being more spread out rather than a larger army, since their army very likely consisted of multiple lines of cataphracts with some distance between each line.
Keep up the hard work, my friend! I love your videos! Best wishes from Bulgaria!
Thank you so much for the support. Very kind of you.
thank for support, most of iranian/persian cant support becuse of limitation, i really loved this viode
How Adashur was able to go across his empire to fight and then go back to the other side to maintain control of that territory is amazing. Keeping the army strong and motivated and logistically supplied. Well Done Video by HistoryMarche.
the king roads! made long before in achamenid era
Thanks!
Thank you very much for supporting my work.
Shapur I was not playing around. Damn dude was a badass, easily one of the greatest foes Rome has faced.
He had a great father in Ardashir as well.
He was Rome worst nightmare
@@yaqubleis6311basically hannibal but he had supplies And reinforcements
@@ahmadbintang9697 he was bigger nightmare than Hannibal
Good to see this battle finally covered in high quality, and a portrayal of the truth that the Romans were severely outnumbered and outmatched in this battle. The Iranian-Roman wars are some of the most interesting in history in, so a video covering these events is always welcome.
The Romans: Yes, I number my armies in Europe, which are few.
Repeated skirmishes led to a new war in 260:“And in the third campaign, we set upon Carrhae and Edessa, and as we were besieging Carrhae and Edessa, Valerian Caesar came against us, and with him was a force [later specified as totaling 70,000] from the province (hštr) of the Goths and Germans [most Roman provinces are named]. And on the far side [= west] of Carrhae and Edessa a great battle took place for us with Valerianus Caesar. And we with our own hands took Valerian Caesar prisoner and the rest who were the commanders of this army, the Praetorian Prefect, and the senators, and the officers all of these we took prisoners and we led them away into Persis (Pārs). And we burned with fire, and we ravaged, and we took captive and we conquered the province of Syria, and the province of Cilicia, and the province of Cappadocia. And in that campaign we conquered from the Roman Empire [thirty-six cities are named with their dependent districts]. And we led the men from the Roman Empire, namely, from the Anērān [un-Iranian lands], away with the booty; and we settled them in our own Iranian empire-- in Persis, Parthia and in Ḵuzestān and in Āsōristān [=Babylonia], and in the other provinces, province by province, whenever we, or our father, or our forefathers or our ancestors had royal estates” (Maricq, 1965, pp. 52-6; Back, pp. 306-29: Huyse I, pp. 33-43; detailed commentary in Kettenhofen, pp. 97-126).
They had 70000 and were outnumbered and outmatched severely?! I don't really think so. Specially given that Roman records of this era are very paradoxical.
Am sure romans outnumbered the Persians in this battle
@@artinrahideh1229 This is natural, the Romans have huge numbers of European Samadites who were serving in the Roman army
Sources say that Valerian had 70,000 men and Shapur I. had ~40,000 men.
*Sometimes people forget just how much of a machine early sassanids were....those cataphracts were insanely good*
Aswārān go brrrrrrr
I've become increasingly fascinated by Persian/Parthian cavalry, from the Achaemenids to the Sassanians.
@@michaeljfoley1Parthians were Persian too and claimrd ancestry from the Achaemenid Persians and Cyrus the great
@@KoroushRPthey were Iranian not Persian.
@@phuntshodorji3903 they claimed ancestry from the Persians, making them Persian.
I am amazed by the level of details and quality you've put in this.
I was born in modern day fars province and have visited the necropolis of Naghsh-i-Rustam depicting Shapur's victory over Valerian; Such a joy to watching your video and learning some wonderful piece of information about the true story behind that rocky scene.
Literally meaning "Shapur's Better Antioch". That is a new level of badass pettiness lol.
Wasn't Khosrow petty too? Is it a Sasssanian trait?
@@thatindiandude4602 It's a very Iranian thing lol
Good Stuff! Please cover more Sassanian and Parthian battles.
Thank you for thinking enough of my work to support me! Very kind of you
THANK YOU SO MUCH.... as iranian im so greatfull for your videos about old persian that i cant find anywhere...i watched all of your videos and love them thanks for full episodes they are amazing... keep up the good work...and god bless you.(my only request is if you can do a long video on assassins and they leader in deep so we can undrestand them more ty)
"Shapurs better Antioch". Its fun to think that these ancient Emperors basically behaved like 14 year olds teabagging each other in CoD
I traveled to this city some time ago. The agricultural area is for growing garlic.😂😂
Sounds like Mehmet the ottoman who took Constantinople lol a petty little boy
I'm Persian and i really loved your opinion
I'm Persian and i really loved your opinion
Not only Ancient 😂. Don't forget USA cities. NewYork, NewAurlience
A more appropriate title for this video would be "The Rise of the Sasanids and the Battle of Edessa 260AD".
Excellent video! The Sasanian Empire is one of my favorite empires in history!
Come to iran to see sasanians petroglyphs ...
@@edwarde4264 I really want to.
There are rock reliefs across Iran showcasing some of the Sassanian history and in particular the victory of Edessa portraying the shah on horse back, Philip the Arab kneeling in front of him and emperor Valerian standing in gesture , it's located in the province of Fars(Basically Persis from the ancient times but smaller), relatively close to Persepolis. They also made sure to carve some of the reliefs next to those of the Achaemenids. It's also very interesting to see how many of the ancient city names from the Sassanian era have remained exactly the same throughout all the centuries with minimal changes. I also read somewhere that the very bridge the romans built in Iran is still standing to this date but unfortunately with the current regime, the least thing they care about is Iran itself...
Under the current regime, Iran is under Islamist occupation. They need to be overthrown.
فعلا رژیم فعلی مقابل همین قدرتمندان جدید ایستاده و یک وجب از خاک رو نداده و آمریکا رو بارها تحقیر کرده ولی رژیم قبل که پهلوی بود بحرین و آرارات و هیرمند رو به دشمن واگذار کرد و توان مقابله با ضعیف ترین دولتها رو نداشت
The thing that fascinates me is that the sassanian empire is what the roman empire is in Western europe
There's also:
The relief in Bishapur, which has Gordian's corpse beneath Shapur's horse, Valerian standing and being held by the wrist, and Philip kneeling.
The relief in Rag-e Bibi, which shows Shapur and a captive Kushan king, likely Vasishka.
@@byronwaldron7933 Like i Said in the comment i think that sassanian and roman empire are very similar and this is Like trajan's column or stuff Like that
The story of Shapur beating Valerian's army is mindboggling to me. I am deeply thrilled to see a tenacious Persian army defeating a Roman one with such dominance and ferocity. Thanks to the video maker, HistoryMarche.
I spent a significant portion of the episode waiting for the misuse of the word decimated, I was not disappointed.
I haven't heard some of the music used in the video in a while. Reminds me of older days when the channel started. This is a blast from the past in many ways. :)
The real nightmare of Roman Empire he sacked more than 70 Roman cities more than anybody in history
Persians were the nightmare of the rum
Parthians deserve credit too. If civil wars didn’t happen between the Parthian clans, they would still exist
@@Kurdish20226not for emperor Trajan which defeated Persians many times 😂😂😂😂😂
These videos are so, so good. Thank you for enriching our knowledge with not only details about a battle, but a introduction shaping the necessary context as well as an outro to show the ripples of the outcome of one such battle. It's this context and the huge effects it had on further history that sets your channel apart. As a history enthusiast, this is gold.
Another great work from one of my favorite channels!
as an Iranian who knows history seeing this quality content makes me enjoy and fright of that father and son at the same time
They were nothing without men, fear the men and the armies. Not the heads that do nothing but hide behind lines and direct men to suicide.
@@YamaXIBut he was the one who led the plans. He defeated the Kushans and the Huns
Roman military intelligence on Shapur:
“In awe at the size of this lad. Absolute unit.”
The content on this channel is AMAZING! Subscribed!
I very much appreciate all the "big picture" background before you get to the battles. Wonderful content!
Just so interesting. Always.
Don't know how else put it.
Thank you!!
These ancient roman battles are really interesting and I love how you present and narrate everything, well done sir, please keep them coming!
I love History marche
Just some pronunciation notes, The Gilans is pronounced Geelans and G as in Gum, Paighan is Paa-ye-Gun same G as Gilan, it literally means Foot Regiment and Pushtigban is Posh-tig(h)-ban, which means supporter or defender.
Great content as always 👌
Thanks for producing this video. Very insightful.
Shapur and his father Ardashir-i-Pābagān are also important religious figures in Zoroastrianism. Ardashir was supposedly from a lineage of Anahita temple priests. And Shapur paid special attention on collecting and joining the lost separated parts of the great Avestā( Zoroastrian religious book)
How does a being become so rich and powerful that he defeats the ruler of a city? This is very strange, and how he created a very, very strong army to defeat the Parthian kings.
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب first of all, we will never know precise details of the rise of the Sasanians. Just as usual, when it comes to ancient Iranians we don't have that much reliable info. Specially given that they themselves combined truth with legend for various reasons.
Secondly, Ardashir might have been a prince instead of a priest' son( there are many accounts of his life). So him becoming the big guy is not that strange if that is the case( much more strange than that is Cyrus the great who strated his campaigns in a very similar position and defeated 3 superpowers!).
And finally, there was a power vacuum in the region. Parthians had so many times fought internally that you get surprised to know how long they managed to rule with such a system. Everything was set for a satrap or vassal to come and take over just like the way Parthians themselves had. Ardashir was no fool, he started to rival with city governors( which wasn't something the king of kings cared for) first and took'em down one by one. Then when he saw the isolation amoung the ruling class, he attacked the satraps as their overlords were fighting each other. And finally when he was strong enough he fought the king of kings himself.
I haven't seen any of Ardashir's campings available in detail but the battle of Hormozdgan is talked about in Islamic sources( no idea how reliable they are though): it is said that Artabanus and Ardashir met each other and agreed upon a specific date and place to fight. Ardashir did not wait untill the time to go, rather he went there earlier, occupying the higher ground and denying the surrounding area of any food to forage and any water to gather. When the day of battle came, he had many advantages that finally secured his Victory
@@عليياسر-ذ5بhe was of royal blood from his mother's sife and and his fatherbwas high ranking priest if I'm not mistaken, and by loyal blood I mean local rulers of persis
what's even more strange is that some sources claim that he is one of the Alexander the great's grand kids that born in Persia.
@@seyityilmaz6301 Strange, Arab and Persian sources say that his mother was one of the sons of kings and his father was the high priest in a Parsi city.
History Marche, AKA the Battle channel and IMO best coverage and depth for us who appreciate the writing, context, graphics, and o'all presentation online.
Thanks for sharing y’all!
Finally you created a content from our victory in warfares. Thanks a lot 🙏
Very good 👍 ❤
Make more of Persian battles 👌
This was a fascinating documentary. I’d like to see more of the Persian empires such as Achamaenids and Parthians.
@@Azad_İla They are collectively called the Iranian empires which includes many other empires beside the ones you mentioned.
@@Azad_İla Persian is not an ethnic race! In fact Iranians never referred to their land as Persia. That’s the name Greeks called Iran due to their interactions with the Persians hence Persia and Iran became synonymous and used interchangeably. However Iranians have always called their land Iran or other cognates of it since the ancient times.
@@Azad_İla Wrong! Europeans were insignificant and irrelevant in this era 😆 It was actually the Greeks who erroneously called the Greater Iran as Persia in the ancient times due to their interactions with the Persians followed by the Romans and much later by the Europeans when they eventually became civilized. And don’t ever quote Herodotus to support your argument as he is famed by most credible historians as the father of lies with deep anti persian sentiments.
@@Azad_İla The subject of Kurds being of Medes origin is highly debated among scholars and historians. In fact Azaris are believed to be of a more accepted hypothesis including the entire Caucuses. Recent studies are attributing Kurds more or less to the Parthians. Nonetheless and contrary to your narrative, they were all Iranian tribes including Skythians, Sarmatians, Alans, Bactrians, Dahae, Khwarazmians, Massagetae, Medes, Parthians, Persians, Sagartians, Sakas, Sogdians, Cimmerians who spoke a dialect of an Iranian language which was mutually intelligible among all of them. In fact they all emerged from the same ethnocultural, linguistic, religious origin.
@@Azad_İla It’s worth noting that Persians are not a separate race from other Iranian peoples that you stated earlier. All Iranian tribes were collectively Aryans including the Persians. However Persians were not just renowned as simply one subgroup of the Iranian peoples. In fact Persian to Iranian people and outside world means much more than just merely one of the many Iranian tribes. Iranians of all walks of life pride on their Persian heritage, language, culture, art, architecture, music, festivals, and achievements. Persian kings are mentioned multiple times in the Bible and highly praised. Cyrus is the only gentile referred in the Bible as the “Messiah “. Cyrus also created the first multinational empire which stretched from Indus Valley to Egypt. At its height, an astounding 44% of the world’s population was ruled by Persians making it the largest empire in history by share of population. Cyrus is also globally admired to proclaim the first human rights charter. See Cyrus Cylinder which is kept at the British museum and a replica in the main entrance at display in the United Nations. Zoroastrian beliefs and festivals are celebrated to this date among all Iranian peoples in 13 countries including Yalda and the Persian New Year called Nowruz. The list goes on but I think above suffice to show why Persian to Iranians is not simply considered as just one of many other Iranian tribes.
god damn, Ardashir was playing total war at easy dificulty!
😂😂😂
😂😂😂
😂😂😂😂😂
Always great, thanks for more top shelf contento 👍
So happy to read of the Roman Persian wars in more detail. I am looking for an even more detailed version though.
Can you point me to some high quality videos on the Persian dynasties please?
Ich könnte meinen eigenen Kanal Strategikon (Marschall History) empfehlen. Dan wäre da noch Die Welt der Spätantike. Die sind aber alle auf Deutsch. Der einzige englische Kanal der glaube ich die Antike Persische Geschichte behandelt wäre Kings and Generals.
Thanks for the video ❤
In fact, the Persian Roman war is the longest war in history, it lasted for 681 years. Ctesiphon and Constantinople were almost brought to the brink of Fall by both
Ich würde die Römisch-Persischen Kriege nicht als einen Zusammenhängenden Krieg betrachten. Schließlich gab es zwischen den Kriegen auch Friedensperioden. Die von beiden Seiten durch Schriftlich festgehaltene Friedensverträge geschlossen wurden. Bedeutet das auch beide Seiten diese Perioden als eine zeit des Friedens wahrnahmen. Auch wenn einige Friedensverträge nur ein paar Jahre hielten.
@@marschallhistory3286 You are right. The right word is Roman-Iranian 'rivalry'.
جاء العرب وأنهو الخلاف للابد😜
Sometimes I wonder why god sent his prophet among such men who can't even think of a rich history like Romans and Iranians.those who were barbarians before prophet,who which killed their infant girls just because they wanted sons. @@DjdhhdHdhdhd-hc2ps
Thank you very much, the creativity in your videos is unbelievable💜💜💜💜
Fucking hell shapur was active, he did not mess about did he, he moved back on forth like the wind and to sustain the energy to do it and not being afraid of going to war constantly, one crazy leader 😂 hats off
According to some sources, Valerian was captured together with all his army. That means that he capitulated
Valerian tried to flee without his Army and was captured a few km away from Edessa by Sassanid Horseman after his Army was defeated
A selection of Roman sources avoid mentioning the battle, but this is the typical obfuscation displayed in Late Roman sources (they don't even acknowledge Misiche and Barbalissos). Other Roman sources, specifically Aurelian Victor, Peter the Patrician and Zonaras, make clear that there was a battle and provide certain details about what happened, and this is confirmed by Iranian sources.
@@byronwaldron7933 indeed. But later roman prisoners build huge dam. They were numerous then. A capitulation is not to be escluded, also taking into account that all the main officers were captured.
@@antoniotorcoli5740 There was presumably a mass capitulation during or after their defeat on the battlefield, but note that many prisoners would have also been collected over many years, from battles like Barbalissos and sackings like Antioch.
@@jangjueparsi9915 The above narration seems like Roman Cope.
They want to save their reputation by putting all the blame on Valerian by saying either he is too simple/coward to trust and surrender infront of Shapur and under "able" leadership Roman would have won.
Same trick was used in case of Gordian III as well, Philip betraying and usurping the throne is more respectful than saying that he was KIA in a war against Persian.
The only exception was Julian, thought probably because he was a pagan and hated by the court writters, had he been a Christian emperor, "Roman Sources" would have written that he was on the verge of victory before Jovian assassinated him and took the title for himself .
i read somewhere that 60% to 65% of all causalities done on to the Romans by others was done to by the Persians
Truly wonderful video! ⚔🔥🙌
Glad you finally covered the Battle of Edessa. Shapur I is one of the most unknown great generals of ancient history, in my opinion he has a position equal to Pyrrhus of Epirus.
Shapur was a much better general than Pyrrhus
@@Timur_aka_Tamerlanegotta remember the Roman of Augustus and Trajan was very very different from the Rome of the late third century. By this time the majority of the Roman army was made up by mostly barbarians.
From this battle i dont see how
@@sanele2948In the era of Trajan failed to invade the Parthians and defeated
Pyrrhus? That loser is not even qualified to lick the golden boots of Shapur I
Sasanians had some of the best kings ever. Shapur II, Khosrow tye immortal soul and many others. And the clothing.....
Ardashair himself deserves a separate series alone. Look how many empires he conquered. The great empires of the ancient world. You should make a serious on his conquests if possible.😊
They should do one like the hannibal series for him, it would be awesome.
I'm the writer for this video. An Ardashir series would be excellent, but unfortunately we don't have enough details on his battles to suit the HistoryMarche format.
@@byronwaldron7933 Yeah sadly Persia's history is not like western empires history
In fact everything we know today about them came from their enemies and their sources more or less got utterly destroyed by the later Arab invaders and later on by the Mongols and Turks
@@byronwaldron7933make one on Shapur II pls
@@alirezarezaei2976 History: Why did the Arabs destroy the sources? When did this happen?
Your content is just so, so good. Brilliantly researched (obviously), phenomenally presented in an accessible but in-depth way. Fantastic stuff
I like how this is so straightforward and no unnecessary commentaries. 😌❤️
Love your videos man! And i humbly give this comment as a sacrifice to the algorithm!
Love these videos thx ur awesome 😎
Another great presentation!
Thank you for this ❤. Beautiful content ❤
Great stuff 👍
Thanks 👍
Great video as always HM!
Nice Video !!!
Great video!
Glad you enjoyed it
I hope you shift your attention to Persia, a great and rich land full of stories to be told and many battles to be animated, I know I will be watching them all
Nice Video as always ❤
I think the Cesarea that was sacked is probably in Cappadocia, not the Palestinian one.
Yes it is Caesaria in Cappadocia, you are right
Yes, the animator made a mistake. Additionally, Sogdiana should be north of Bactria.
Those names are a mouthful. Impressive he speaks them so smooth.
And he says them wrong( most of them)
I'd like to see more of the campaign's of the Sassanians in their Eastern territories.
Hi there. I wrote the Edessa video. I'd love there to be a video on this topic, but there aren't enough details to make a video in the format of a HistoryMarche video. We know a few things about what likely happened and when (e.g. Sasanian expansion into Kabulistan, Arachosia and Sogdiana in the late 240s, expansion into Gandhara and capture of Vasishka in mid-260s), largely based on coins and inscriptions, but we don't have many details with which to produce a narrative.
@@byronwaldron7933will there be any new Sassanid videos? Like Shapur II or Khosrow I ?
@@ermia4886 It's funny you ask. The video I wrote on the battle of Merv has just been released!
@@byronwaldron7933 I’ve seen it mate loved it 🔥❤️ Keep up the good work!
@@ermia4886 Thanks!
Thank you for great content
Thank you for this video. Brilliant video. Sassanids the fearst foe of the eastern roman empire. Brilliant video. We always appreciate your hard work and dedication towards these videos. Your huge fan from Sri Lanka 🇱🇰🤝🏴. I think shapur and khosrow ii were the best and greatest foes of romans apart from hannibal and attila .
Excellent video.
Truly wonderful video
Gallienus: sorry dad, I cannot rescue you from now on.
Love these
Excellent video 📹
What is the historical source for this battle description?
@the_persian_gulf
Thank you for this information. Do you know whether or not these depictions and summaries have been translated into English and published? If so, what is the title of the publication?
Excellent work as always
Shapur having captured both Valerius and the Kushan king, do you think the three of them were ever together? Got to imagine that was one of the most interesting dinner parties of all time…
These very important battles are covered in TH-cam for the first time. Thank You very much for that. Though so much was covered in just one video. it could have been a series. Also, you didn't mention that Ardeshir saw his war with the Romans as a holy war. The crown of Shapoor on its profile picture is also not accurate at all. lastly, Shapoor built a Roman like town in Bishapoor for Valerian so he can feel at home. I also think Valerian capitulated and didn't really fight. Would be nice to mention the sources. Thank You again for this really great video 🎉❤
Why their war against Romans was considered holy?
Well made video as always. I must admit I've stopped watching other history channels, yet I cannot ignore HM's new updates
Operations room is my favorite of all.
Thanks for another video about the Roman-Persian War! It may not be like the war between Emperor Heraclius and Shah Khosrow II that can be adapted as an alternative for the Rumbling in Attack on Titan but how Shah Shapur I defeated Emperor Valerian is still a great victory and an amazing achivement nonetheless!
Also, seeing what Shah Shapur I did make me wonder that can Hannibal did the same or not. By plundering across the Italian peninsula before reaching Rome and holding the entire city and its population as hostages to force the Roman Senate to surrender, will such a plan worked?
No, hannibal couldn't do that, he doesn't have manpower from carthageand by the time of zama, most of his troops are gauls and italian. Hence, he couldn't raid any italian cities as he depend on them
Shapur on the other hand have full control of vast rich empire of trade, agriculture and manpower
Not to mention that he doesn't need to take care of the loyalty of his troopsas they are fellow iranian and not the same people as the roman
@@asmrnaturecat984 What about the idea of occupying Rome with the threat of destroying it? Will that be enough to convince the Roman Senate to sue for peace?
@@lerneanlionIt's impossible for Hannibal to ever capture Rome. Even if Rome fell to Hannibal, the Romans would still never surrender. They never surrender, give up, or quit any war.
Wife: how often do you think of the Roman Empire
Me, while watching History Marche: ........ uh.
3:12 OK, that's very impressive. He defeated everyone.
Excelente vídeo!!! 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻
In Latin C is always pronounced as a K. Pronouncing it CH is from more modern Italian. Cilicia would be pronounced Kilikia.
PD: In modern day english would be "Silisia".
nice Video, well done
best history channel❤🥰
great content
Rome never truly recovered from this. I know Byzantium lived on but Rome itself would collapse about 126 years later.
Great,.and a much better narrator than Kings and Generals~
The Sassanian Empire was fortunate to have such formidable early rulers.
Persia's most WTF moment is probably the reign of Khosrow II(The victorious or Abarwēz). Guy literally conquered whole of Roman Asia plus Egypt, just to bitch about it and lose it all, get assassinated and throw Persia into anarchy( and effectively lay the ground for the fall of Sasanians)
The Later Khusro "Parviz" which literally means the bringer of victory almost conquered the Byzantine (eastern Roman Empire) the Romans were lucky that the community of the Zoroastrian Nobels couped him and send him to Black Hole or Siahchal
@@worldofmix6766 Khosrow was killed after his disasterous losses and tyrannic rule. He could have easily kept his conquered lands and revived the Achaemenid empire but he was too close to Romans, too busy with luxury and too proud to think logically
@@artinrahideh1229 no historic sources say that he promised his christian wife Shirin that he would bring the cross of Jesus from Jerusalem with him as a gift for her,
This suggest that he was getting too Cozy with christians and high ranking Zoroastrian figures didn't like that so they deposed him which triggered a series of chaos and rebellion and assassination within the empire
@@worldofmix6766 that is not the only "too Roman" thing about Khosrow II.
First of all, he owned his throne to the Romans and officially announced Maurice as his Father. He started the war just saying that They killed his father Maurice!
2 out of his 3 queens were Christian. The enemy religion of Zoroastrianism. Not so hard to imagine how unpopular it would have been for the "King of kings of the Ērān ud Anērān" to marry an Anērān( non Aryan, non Iranian, non Zoroastrian). He even built churches and donated money to christians! His pro Christian actions helped with the spread of Christianity and decline of Zoroastrianism in the Iranian heartland.
🇮🇷🤝🇮🇹 the best history and empire ❤️🔥🔥🔥
Love from iran ❤🇮🇷🇮🇹
It’s a shame much of the history books and even Persians themselves concentrate so much on the Achaemenid kings, when in truth, some of the great Sassanid kings like Shapur achieved just as much in my eyes, if not more, when you consider how much more hostile their region was during this period and despite numerous nomadic incursions, they managed to maintain and run an empire and even go toe to toe and come out on top in many occasions with the strongest/greatest empire the world had seen up till that point.
Maybe you can make part 2 when the next dlc release
I am a Iranian I remember my teacher told this story when I was in seventh grade it brought me some national pride knowing that Persia was able to defeat rome
😂
@hardtardbard7 then why Americans didn't invade Persia if they were weak?? 😂
@@KanuniSuleyman4857because our leaders have no intent on invading it. They rather drain the American middle class of all it's money and shooting it's missiles that costs millions at people who shouldn't even be shot at. If the US wanted we can invade just about anyone but in my opinion we should just stay to ourselves and let the world deal and fend for itself
During the Sasanian period, it was prophesied that after this period of centuries (I think 14 centuries) Iran will suffer many hardships, and it happened that the Arabs, Mongols and other countries attacked Iran.
This prophecy was written on a stone tablet that is now kept in the Louvre Museum in France@hardtardbard7
@hardtardbard7 yeah I actually agree with you along with 95 percent of the population of Iran if iran was so strong our bills wouldn't double every year and most of us abandoned bieng Muslims. we just pretend to be Muslims because if the government finds out they will make you take a lesser job. And when passing exams 50 percent of the grade is how well you can read the quran even if you are studying a unrelated subject like physics
Wow a video about a persian win at last. Time to grab some popcorn❤❤❤
Artabanus Rex, latinized for Ardavan Shah (which means 'Bringer of Fire')
Well done!
14:08 Weh-Andiok-Shapur, "Shapur's Better Antoich". That's literally the best and most hilarious city name I've ever heard.
I know right!!!!!
This made me laugh so hard
What’s funny is that Khosrow I (or II. Don’t remember lmao) also did the same to Antioch. He founded another city called Weh Antiok Khusrow
Bro shaphur has no chill, man always on the move
Shapur I had his own statue at a cave which still exist today
He obviously was jacked
Zourkhaneh (ancient type of bodybuilding) was his favorite sport
Nice video !