The Cecils: The Men Who Made England? (alt. title: "Slandering the Cecils")
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Join me as I indulge in a suppositional exploration of William and Robert Cecil...
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Intro / Outro song: Silent Partner, "Greenery" [ • Greenery - Silent Part... ]
SFX from freesfx.co.uk/Default.aspx
Linked videos and playlists:
Death of Amy Dudley: • The Original Staircase...
William Camden Discovery: • Elizabeth I and Willia...
Images (from Wikimedia Commons, unless otherwise stated):
King Edward VI and the Pope by an unknown artist (c.1575). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
Portrait of William Cecil by an unknown artist (1570-1599). Held by the National Trust - Croft Castle.
Portrait of a young Elizabeth I attributed to William Scrots (1546-1547). Held by the Royal Collection.
Portrait of Mary I by Antonis Mor (1554). Held by the Museo del Prado.
Portrait of Robert Dudley by an unknown artist (c.1564). Held by Waddesdon Manor.
The Death of Amy Robsart, as imagined by Victorian artist William Frederick Yeames (1878). Held by the Nottingham City Museums and Galleries.
Screenshot of www.british-history.ac.uk/cal...
Portrait of Lady Katherine Grey by Levina Teerlinc (1555-1560). Held by the Victoria and Albert Museum.
Portrait of Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford, attributed to Hans Eworth (1565). Held in an unknown private collection.
Portrait of Lady Katherine or Catherine Grey and her son Edward Seymour, Lord Beauchamp of Hache by an unknown artist (c.1562). Held in an unknown collection.
Portrait of Mary, Queen of Scots by François Clouet (1560). Held by the Royal Collection Trust.
Drawing of the Kirk o' Field after the murder of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley (1567). Held by the National Archives, U.K.
Screenshot of archive.org/details/statutesa...
Composite image of forged postscript to a letter by Mary Queen of Scots to Anthony Babington (SP 12/193/54) and alongside Babington's record of the cipher used (1586). SP 53/18/55.
Drawing of the trial of Mary, Queen of Scots, in the Great Chamber at Fotheringay Castle, co. Northants., 14-15 October 1586. Held by the British Library.
Portrait of William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley by an unknown artist (after 1587). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
The execution of Mary Queen of Scots at Fotheringhay Castle on 8 February 1587, drawn by Robert Beale (on or shortly after 8 February 1587). Held by the British Library, Additional Manuscript 48027, folio 650 from Robert Beale's The Order and Manner of the Execution of Mary Queen of Scots, Feb. 8, 1587.
Portrait of Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury by an unknown artist, after John De Critz the Elder (1602). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
William Cecil presiding over the Court of Wards by an unknown artist (c.1560-1590). Scanned from Horizon Book of the Elizabethan World by Lacey Baldwin Smith, New York: American Heritage Publishing, 1967.
Portrait of James I and VI attributed to John de Critz (c.1605). Held by the Museo del Prado.
The Old Globe theatre - a print of the original theatre in London. Created in 1642 by Wenceslas Hollar for his Long View of London. The label "The Globe" has been superimposed; in the original drawing, the building was mistakenly labelled "beere baiting".
Portrait of James VI and I by Paul van Somer I (c,1620). Held by the Royal Collection Trust.
Screenshot of news.artnet.com/art-world/the...
Screenshot of www.british-history.ac.uk/cal...
Quoted texts:
Julian Goodare, ODNB entry on Mary, Queen of Scots.
Paul E. J. Hammer, ODNB entry for Robert Devereaux, Earl of Essex.
Pauline Croft, ODNB entry on Robert Cecil
news.artnet.com/art-world/the...
Also consulted, were:
Other relevant entries from The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online.
#History #Tudor #Cecil - บันเทิง
Cecil was in charge. I loved “Cecil was playing chess while all others were playing checkers”. Exactly. 👍🏼
Dr Kat's Disclaimer: "But, when all is said & done, it's *my* effing video."
Bravo!
I saw a 3-part documentary about the Cecils on PBS called Elizabeth’s Secret Agents. Part 1 was about Mary, Queen of Scots, part 2 about Robert’s rivalry with Essex and the death of Elizabeth/succession of James, and part 3 was the Gunpowder Plot. Really fascinating father/son team!!
It’s still available on PBS
What’s it called? Sounds amazing
@@Karasakina Elizabeth’s Secret Agents.
I'm a Cecil through marriage. We did my husband's genealogy a few years ago and we couldn't believe that he is a decendant of these very famous Cecil's in England.
"Cecils"
Isn’t that thrilling when you find history in your genealogy?
Wow! Lucky you. It must be a great adjunct to learning more history.
Omg.. Cous inlaw 😂😂
Sir. William Cecil, 1st Lord of Burghley ("1521 - 1598") was my 12th great granduncle as l am an descendant to his sister Elizabeth Wingfield ("neé CECIL") ("1525 - 1611"). The wife of the famous English landowner and politician Sir. Robert Wingfield ("1523 - 1588").
A line of the Cecil's ended up in Greenville Tennessee. A former client was Cecil Roberts. She was named in honor of the lineage. She had several interesting documents and artifacts from the Cecil family throughout the many generations.
Thank you, Dr. Kat, for an *outstanding* video. I *never* knew that the deposition scene from "Richard II" was routinely suppressed; but it demonstrates how seriously Elizabethan censors took the power of theatre. Re: the Cecils -- both Cecils protected Queen Elizabeth (while enriching themselves) -- but I think their attitude toward Power was divergent. Elizabeth took seriously the fact that she was an *Anointed* monarch -- a queen blessed by God and thereby set *above* commoners -- whereas the Cecils regarded monarchs as susceptible to English law. Elizabeth understood that if a *Scottish* queen can be sentenced by commoners to death, eventually an *English* monarch can be killed by his subjects. She correctly predicted the concept of the execution of Charles I. The Cecils were too busy promoting Puritanism to foresee the consequences of regicide. Thank you again for your exceptional presentation.
I didn't know about that scene being suppressed either. I saw Richard Chamberlain in Richard II at the Music Center in downtown Los Angeles when I was in high school (I'm 68 now..) An assignment for an English class on Shakespeare. I still remember Richard dangling the crown on one of his fingers in front of Bolingbroke and saying, almost teasingly, 'Here, Cousin, seize the Crown..."
Your presentation was so good that I forgot I was listening to a suppositional history. It all made so much sense. You may be closer to the truth than we know.
I remember reading Alison Weir’s Life of Elizabeth I, and she also seems to believe William Cecil was behind Amy Robsart’s death.
I found the ideas about Shakespeare's troupe to be particularly intriguing. Great video!🔎
John Francis Amherst Cecil grew up in the English countryside of Norfolk. He was the third son of Lord Cecil and the Baroness Amherst of Hackney. His father was a descendant of William Cecil, Lord Burghley, who was Lord High Treasurer to Queen Elizabeth 1. John married the Vanderbilt heiress who owned Biltmore and was instrumental in preserving it. The Cecil family still owns Biltmore today.
The Cecil’s greatest strength seems to me to be that neither father or son were impulsive. Yes, they grew wealthy in Elizabeth’s service but both were utterly loyal. They worked slowly and slyly to not only do what they felt best for England, but also to do what was best for the Cecil’s.
thanks for the discussion of Shakespeare's troupe in the Essex rebellion. intriguing.
Happy to see you were feeling spicy enough and went with this great title. 😂
Robert Cecil has a fascinating connection to the US State of Maryland, the oldest part of which is Cecil County.
His clerk George Calvert, whose family were reluctant conformists, bore the dispatches (and supposedly Queen Elizabeth's ring) between Cecil and James VI of Scotland. Calvert worked his way up in the king's favor on Cecil's train, naming his oldest son Cecil, eventually was knighted, and assumed his employer's former position as James I's Secretary of State and Privy Councilor after Cecil's death.
Calvert's path diverged from that of Cecil, for he was clearly less of a mastermind, though gifted in diplomacy - both James and Charles I employed him occasionally as ambassador, messenger, foreign affairs expert or diplomat. Ironically this also led to Calvert's fall from grace, or at least from Parliament, where he had been James I's chief spokesman advocating peace with Spain and an alliance through marriage with James' son - leaving egg all over Calvert's face when Charles came back from a secret trip to woo the Infanta and covered his wounded pride by declaring for war instead.
Calvert, losing support in Parliament through not from James, resigned and turned his attention to colonizing. James had given him an Irish plantation in County Leinster, whose seat, Baile an Tí Mhóir, was anglicized to make him Baron Baltimore. Also, Calvert received a charter to set up a fishing colony of Avalon in "New Found Land."
Robert Cecil would not have approved of Calvert's other venture: religious tolerance. It's not clear when he became a cryptocatholic, but by the time of Charles' accession he was open about it. This was part of the reqson for his retreat to Ireland, and in Avalon, half his colonists were Protestant, half were Catholic. Calvert's friends in high places protected him from prosecution, although they could not help him when bitterly cold winters forced him to give up his Newfoundland colony and try again in Virginia, where Jamestown's Protestants were by no means willing to allow a settlement of Papists just north of them.
Calvert died after receiving his third charter from King Charles to establish a Catholic refuge of feudal estates on either side of the Chesapeake, modeled very much more on the Irish plantation system, envisioned as a homeland for loyalist Catholic cavaliers. The charter of Maryland included a tribute of white horses, and to this day the state flag of Maryland is Lord Baltimore's coat of arms, its state sport is jousting, and from Cecil County to Annapolis to the family estates broken up in the early 1900s (including my own) there are odd traces of Maryland's origin as a reward of patronage to one of the Cecils' chief hangers-on who learned from their masters the fine art of climbing the greasy pole.
Thank you for another beautifully delivered presentation. Your well curated choice of delicious details about the subject matter and the cadence of your delivery is outstanding. I’m a big fan! I also wanted to mention that I saw you on one of the BBC history shows a couple of months ago. “IT’S DOCTOR KAT!”, came flying out of my mouth. So excited for you!
I have enjoyed your channel for many years now. I especially like your attention to detail.
I have been diagnosed with stage 3 colon cancer and I continue to enjoy your channel because I can't get out much anymore.
I’m so sorry, I will pray for your complete, painless and speedy recovery, April.❤
Another wonderful video! I had no idea of the shadow hand of William Cecil and later Robert Cecil in so many crucial events in the reign of Elizabeth !!
I love your presentations. If you are open minded about history and the Cecils relationship with Shakespeare you cannot ignore the role played by William Cecil's ward and later son in law Edward de Vere Earl of Oxford. Who lampooned William Cecil as Polonius/ Corambis and Robert Cecil as Richard III. Essex also a ward of the Cecils rebelled against Robert, the playing of the full version of Richard II would have surely meant imprisonment for a glover's son from Stratford, but not for the most prominent Earl in the country. Oxford under the code 40 was corresponding with James VI of Scotland. When James acceded to the throne Oxford's £1000 per year annuity (likely for the policy of plays) was continued and the Earl of Essex's co-conspirator the Earl of Southampton (the fair youth of the sonnets and dedicatee of Shakespeare's poems) was released. Shakespeare's sonnets bear witness to Southampton's imprisonment and release (Hank Whittemore the monument). Just as a point of interest the Earl of Oxford was on the committee for the trial of Mary Queen of Scots.
I’ve alway thought Cecil laid a trap for Mary of Scots. And Cecil made the situation which forced Elizabeth I to act in the way she did. Hearing that Cecil may have had a higher loyalty makes everything fall into place. 😊
At the time Edward VI was King of England, John Knox lived in England and became a friend of William Cecil. When Mary Tudor succeeded it was Cecil who warned Knox to flee the country. I am sure Cecil shared Knox's dislike of Mary Queen of Scots.
I fully agree with your assessments. They ruled behind the throne, with years of service to the queen, they understood her better than anyone else and were able to formulate and implement a strategy that worked for her and the country.
I agree entirely. The Cecils were definitely the power behind the crown. And I agree with your thoughts on the Chamberlain’s Men. They or one of them anyway, must have been beholden to Robert Cecil.
Does Dr Kat have a video on Francis Walsingham and how he became spymaster, how effective he really was, if he lived up to his reputation etc?
Gorgeous painting of Mary. Look at her gown . Beautiful. Silver cloth dress, velvet, rings on her fingers..beautiful. Gorgeous jewelry.
The Cecils and Walsingham would make a fascinating movie, if Hollywood could let the story tell itself. 👑 Another excellent video, thank you. 🙈🙉🙊
I think no matter how brilliant Elizabeth was, she was lucky to have both Cecil and Walsingham by her side.
Yes. It was all about the right time, the right place and a fiercely intelligent remarkable woman, Queen Elizabeth. Quite a Team.
.You have brought up some insights that I had not thought of, including the posits about Shakespeare's company and the rebellion. BTW, the subtle expression just as you were saying all Essex had to do was wait for the next reign, is priceless.
Commenting for engagement...🥰🥰Though, these videos really are wonderful. Thank-you Dr. Kat for making it available to all!
I do believe it may be “in between”. I have always thought lord burley was a wise and caring support to Elizabeth throughout her reign. In turn, he had schooled his son cleverly to be his successor. I have also thought what made him so successful as an advisor was his love for England. He counseled her truthfully and wisely for the good of both Queen and country and I think she both loved and respected him for it. I believe she knew he would always be her rock. Unlike those who had counseled her father, brother and sister before her, burley didn’t seem to want power and riches, he wanted his country to be safe and secure, also like Elizabeth he wasn’t a religious fanatic.
I love how, when opinions can vary, she always begins by making clear her possible inclinations or bias - never laying down the law by saying "this is how it was and that's that". The probabilities, following different strands of research, turning into little known byways, and weighing options is what I really love to see. That's how a history presenter should be, I feel.
My maiden name was Cecil and my father believed we were in some way related to both the 16 century Cecils and also to the Victorian prime minister of that name. My son has done much research on the subject and in fact there is no relationship at all as we are descended from a Huguenot family of a similar name who came to England later, when expelled from Europe as they were Protestants. No matter, as always an informative and interesting talk. Thank you.
This is pure survival mode- there wouldn't have been a moment of rest in that family. That position was everything... I agree you're probably right on this Kat!
I found your theories spot on. They all make sense and I can see both Cecils plotting away for the good of England.
👑
I just so happen to agree with you, Dr. Kat!
Love this approach to the Cecil's. Thank you.👑
I've aways felt that William was, as the lead counselor to Elizabeth, stuck in a catch 22. He wanted to do right in support of is queen but Elizabeth's refusal to marry didn't leave many options for security of succession. If anything it made more threats out of what could and should have been allies. Im not saying Elizabeth on a personal level should have married, but as a head of state back then security of rule was found in dynastic inheritance. William had to navigate tricky situations that would have been rough at any other time but with that was 10x harder. To have lasted as long as he did is in itself amazing. As for Robert, he has struck me as a coarser man who held grudges and took things more personally than his father, even against his father! His tenure at court could be argued to have been less bumpy had he not let personal issues come to court.
I like ur speculations at their involvement in conspiracies and plots, fascinating!
Thank you for your clarity once again 😻
An utterly fascinating family can't wait
Brava! What a wonderful way to start the weekend! I love it when you engage in this type of videos. The Cecils were a fascinating pair. The idea of the elder Cecil in the death of Lord Dudley’s wife is fascinating. Thank you for spoiling us. 👸
I even got to meet one of his descendant my distant cousin honourable Lord Simon Michaels Abney - Hastings, 15th Lord of Loudoun ("1974 - Present")
Your best one yet, utterly fantastic love love love, so informative
Brilliant video! Loved it!
👑🇬🇧♟🦉🦚🦉🧩🇬🇧👑
Very interesting as always!
I agree that William Cecil was devoted to England as much as he was to Elizabeth. Securing a Protestant England during and after Elizabeth’s reign was very important to him. Robert I think was focused on his political position and holding onto it. 🕵️♂️🌺👸🏻💂♀️
Once again a fascinating study.
Excellent video. Many thanks.
LOVE your mind spirals and spiciness! Your conspiro-speculation has me really thinking about the Cecils and their, umm, "influence" on the events you mentioned. 👑🕵
I loved the subtitle "Slandering the Cecils."🤣👑
👁️ I loved this video! You do a wonderful job and I always look forward to the next one.
You just get better... a brilliant listen!😊😊😊
Fascinating lecture.
As usual, very interesting! Thanks for all the research and thought you put into your videos - I appreciate that so much.🔍👑🕵
So important to have wise counsel! I’ve always admired 👑 Elizabeth’s decision to lean on Wm. Cecil throughout his life. Best decision ever. He was a genius advisor. I often wondered how she found him.
Rbt Cecil was the opposite of that hot under the collar moron, Essex. Controlled & cool, he knew how to keep score.
Thank you for the video! I have always been interested with the dealings of the the Cecil’s.
Brilliant and persuasive analysis, superbly (and entertainingly) delivered! Thank you!
One of your best Dr. Kat,
Love Dr Kat! 👍
Fascinating! 👑
Loved the video.😊
Love your content!😊😊😊❤❤❤
Very interesting. Thank you.
Fascinating! Love learning about this, although some it is familiar from travel, novels, films, etc. Thanks for sharing.
Interesting video, as always. I love how I always get an angle I never considered from these videos, and there is plenty of food for thought here.
Love the history lessons you give. You have a way of bringing the people to life. Keep up the great work.
Sir. William Cecil, 1st Lord of Burghley ("1521 - 1598") was my 12th great granduncle. l am descendant of his sister Elizabeth Wingfield ("Neé CECIL") ("1525 - 1611"). She was wife of the famous English landowner and politician Sir. Robert Wingfield ("1523 - 1588").
So interesting! I very much enjoyed this. I always think how sad it was that relatives were pitted against each other for a crown 👑
Fascinating as always😍🤩🥰😀😄
This analysis is very compelling, indeed.
Look forward to seeing ☺️
Cecil and Walsingham were a team weren't they? Wow! Great episode! 😊 Thanks Dr Kat!
Thankyou . Love the cecils.
All of your presentations are outstanding. You are brilliant👸🤴
Great video, Dr Kat! 🕵 Thank you for bringing our little community together! 👑🐈⬛
Wonderful analysis. Especially the link between Shakespeare and Essex. I believe that Henry Wriothesly/Earl of Southampton is the key. Both Shakespeare's patron and Essex's friend/fellow ward and lieutenant , Southhampton was involved in the Essex rebellion, sentenced to life in the Tower, and released by King James. Almost immediately after that Shakespeare wrote Macbeth, Coriolanus and Antony and Cleopatra. I think the lead man and woman in these three plays represent Elizabeth and Essex. All three plays play on the relationships as being somewhere between Mother/Son, husband/.wife and lovers. For example, no one would call a queen Lady Macbeth, since Macbeth was the king's first name, and the name suggests "son of beth". Livi and Plutarch describe Volumnia as alternately mother and wife of the Roman general. And the relationships ibetween Antony/Cleo and Caesar are similar to Elizabeth, Dudley and Essex. I think these three plays together suggest that the Essex rebellion was indeed intended to overthrow the council, not the queen. They are not a flattering portrayal, however, of either Essex or Elizabeth. Holinshed's queen would never have said she would smash her baby's head against the rocks if she had made a promise, but that is similar to Elizabeth's bluntness.
Anyway, I would love it if you did a video on the relationships between Elizabeth, Essex, Southhampton and SHakespeare. Love this channel.
I love listening to your videos. I really enjoy history and your videos are like lectures from your favorite history professor without having to pay tuition or take exams
Fascinating. 👍 Thanks.
As always Dr Kat, your enthusiasm is palpable, and your humour is spot on, a very engaging video 👏👏👏 bravo!
❤ great episode
The Cecils are so fascinating. Indeed these dudes were playing a game of chest better than anyone. I think it's a combination of both factors. Some events they absolutely were orchestrating into their master plan but I think when presented with other events, they acted in a way it could stay on the path they were creating. I can never think of Queen Elizabeth I without also think of her Cecils.
"When you play the game of thrones, you win or you die. There is no middle ground." And, these men knew that better than anyone.
I absolutely loved this video, Dr.Kat. I think these guys are some the most interesting politicians of their time.
⚔️🎓📚📜💭🤔👑🤔💭📜📚🎓⚔️
Loved it❤ more plz😊👑
Honestly I had never thought of all the Cecil connections. I was quite aware of their power and that there were major power players but never thought of all the game playing behind the scenes. This video this video was very enlightening thank you very much for it.
❤ great info.
I had to watch this session 3 times to get it all into my head. Wow… I’m looking at Cecil with new eyes. Not as benign as I once thought. It shows me an a Elizabeth I never knew. Still… Court manipulations and undercover dealing should never have surprised me. Now I must go internalize this new info. Thanks so much. Please please please do a video on Stephen Gardner..
Thank you for this information ℹ really appreciate and enjoy this
More please!!!
So this is not just a 16th century problem. The quip "never trust a Cecil" was quoted in the drama The Crown but Elizabeth II which stated "her father tried his best to over look this as well" This was in regards that he had helped hide the illness of Winston Churchill.
Dear Dr. Kat: Looking forward to today's video. I've watched the 3-episode program "Queen Elizabeth's Secret Agents" (at least twice) on US PBS TV. I'm Interested in your take on the father-son, William and Robert, Spy Masters.😈or 😇? 🦸🦹👸. -❤ from Maryland.
Quite sophisticated machinations by the Cecil's, older, as well as younger. Incredibly cunning and discerning men.
Thank you!
Fascinating and enthralling. There needs to be a print and screen treatment of the Cecils in the manner of Wolf Hall, if there hasn't been already (I don't think there has...?).
Yes, they would make for a great work of fiction!
👑🫅🏽👸🏻🪫🔋 I love your videos Dr. Kat! Thank you!
I believe that the Cecils were a coordinated effort to steer the ship of state in a direction that they thought was the most beneficial for England, not to mention benefiting their own wealth and power. Two brilliant minds working towards a common goal. Fascinating.
This was fascinating. Info packed. Will rewatch and form my questions. Have you featured Walingsford? 🥰
Wonderful video
THAT ALT TITLE 👀👀👀👀👀
I may have been feeling medium spicy 🫣🫣🫣
@@ReadingthePast Medium spicy 😂😂😂
I'd say that's an accurate spice level for the subject 😅
thank you for the video.
They really did have their fingers in all the biggest pies! 😮🧙♀️🤴👸🏼
Well done
Cecil descendants now own and operate Biltmore Estate here in Asheville, NC.
👍 interesting subject
Interesting to consider!
Thanks!
Really interesting 😊❤
Enjoyed this very much. I would like to see more like this. We can only hear "the facts" so many times. I like how you aren't "over the top" & explain the why's of your theories. It is all speculation, but it is realistic speculation. We will never know for sure what people thought or did.