The Sound of the Modern Indo-European language (Numbers, Greetings, Words & The Parable)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2021
- Welcome to my channel! This is Andy from I love languages. Let's learn different languages/dialects together. I created this for educational purposes to spread awareness that we are diverse as a planet.
This video was made for educational purposes only. Non profit, educational, or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. All credits belong to the rightful owners. Language Preservation & Documentation.
The Indo-European languages are a language family native to western and southern Eurasia. It comprises most of the languages of Europe together with those of the northern Indian subcontinent and the Iranian Plateau. Some European languages of this family, such as English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch, and Spanish, have expanded through colonialism in the modern period and are now spoken across several continents. The Indo-European family is divided into several branches or sub-families, of which there are eight groups with languages still alive today: Albanian, Armenian, Balto-Slavic, Celtic, Germanic, Hellenic, Indo-Iranian, and Italic; and another six subdivisions which are now extinct.
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indo-european.info/a-grammar-...
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Some forms to be updated in the parable of the prodigal son:
I wrote the text of this parable some 14 years ago. Since then, I have adapted MIE to become more similar to scholarly reconstructed IE. After the publication of the Tentative Syntax and the verb Conjugator FLEXIE (new revisions will appear, though), I should propose some changes in certain forms that appear in that older version of the parable:
· The verb ‘to have’ previously conjugated as a regular thematic eikō, imperfect eikõ/eikōm, 3s. eiket, is now conjugated as a preterite-present verb õika, pluperfect õikm̥, 3s. õikt, but an ē-aorist ikēt is also possible. For the preterite-present verbs cf. Yoshida (2011), 5.5.2, and Randall & Jones (2013), with a different interpretation. For the ē past tense, cf. Schrijver (1999) Griechisch ᾒδη ‘er wußte', where he interprets eh₁ as a pluperfect mark.
· The genitive rijós ‘of the wealth’ is changed to rējós (nominal morphology file), following Szemerényi (1956), Lubotsky (1992, 1995), and Neri (2011).
· The dative plural ibhom ‘to them’ adopts full grade eibhos (Szemerényi, Ringe, Sihler). The dual eibhjōm is also possible.
· The accusative péluwons dinons ‘many days’ is changed to poluns djewn̥s (for the u-stem inflection see Neri).
· The demonstrative olno, ólnosmi, ólnosjo, ólnosmōi is the conflation of two different determinants eno, énosmi, énosjo, énosmōi and elno, élnosmi, élnosjo, élnosmōi, both meaning ‘yonder, that’.
· The aorist sontest ‘sent’ has a final accent sontést.
· The noun dhəmī ‘hunger’; MIE. dhəmis, kosts & ghrēdhus ‘hunger’ are equivalent’.
· The noun kémelom ‘sky’ in MIE now it is an athematic l/n-stem: keml̥.
· The imperative dhəsdhi ‘do, put’ is changed to dhēdhi after Flexie. Former MIE dhəsdhi was inspired in Gr. θές, explained as a prevocalic variant of *θέθι by Kim (2004).
· Bhewn̥tí a locative of a present participle ‘being’. It should have full grade in the suffix: bhuwenti (nominal morphology file, amphidynamic type).
· The noun kolsos, acc. kolsom ‘neck’ should begin with a labiovelar qolsos, acc. qolsom (Woodhouse).
· The numeral adjective prāmos, prāmā, prāmom ‘first, principal’ has now a diaeresis prǟ́mos, prǟ́mā, prǟ́mom.
· The locative ghéseri ‘in the hand’ is changed to ghseri following Kloekhorst (2015).
· 2nd pl. dəste ‘give’ is now conjugated dəte/ dōte following Flexie conjugator.
· Edēmos ‘let us eat’ and terpēmos ‘let us enjoy’ are hortatory subjunctives, now conjugated édomosi and térpōmosi, in the Graeco-Indo-Iranian way.
· Dhedhuwós ‘was dead’ has a long ō in the nominative: dhedhuwṓs. It is also possible to say dhwǟntos.
· Wr̥ētor ‘has been found’. Following Flexie the form should be either weuror or wr̥nos esti. I think the issue of whether the root *wer(H) should be considered seṭ or aniṭ is still open.
· The aorist wélwelāt ‘wanted’ is either wéwelāt or welāt following Flexie.
· The genitive móghuwom ‘of the servants’ is now móghewom follwing the verbal morphology file.
· The aorist bhato ‘he said’ has zero grade in the root bhəto.
· Sístāmi is now conjugated on the pattern stistāmi, although the discussion about the reduplication model is open. See Zukoff 2015.
· Desta ‘you gave’ is now dédōta following Flexie.
· Better than ámikbhis MIE now has prijn̥tbhís/ prijn̥tī́s.
· The instrumental mojo ‘with me’ is now changed to moimi, mojē, following Bičanová & Blažek (2014).
In addition, regarding the vocabulary list, beside the dubiously reconstructed form glagti (n) for ‘milk’ (Polkorny 400), MIE has the word melgs (f.), cf. Garnier 2017.
You are simply genial my friends.....you did a very great good work........
For anyone wondering what this is or why it is. Modern-Indo-European is a standardized version of the PIE theories to create a coherent and speakable language with some liberties taken for modern terms, of course.
The rules that must be followed during this reconstruction are as summarized by Beekes (1995):
1. “See what information is generated by internal reconstruction.
2. Collect all material that is relevant to the problem.
3. Try to look at the problem in the widest possible context, thus in relation to
everything else that may be connected with it. (...)
4. Assume that corresponding forms, that is to say, forms whose meaning
(probably) and whose structures (probably) seem to be alike, all derive from
one common ancestor.
5. The question of how deviant forms should be evaluated is a difficult one to
answer. When such a form can be seen as an innovation within a particular language (or group of languages), the solution is that the form in question is
Preface
young and as such cannot be important for the reconstruction of the original form. Whenever a deviant form resists explanation it becomes necessary to consider the possibility that the very form in question may be one that preserves the original. (...)
6. For every solution the assumed (new) sound-laws must be phonetically probable, and the analogies must be plausible.
7. The reconstructed system must be probable (typological probability). If one should reconstruct a system which is found nowhere else in any of the known languages, there will always be, to say the least, reasons for doubt. On the other hand, every language is unique, and there is thus always the possibility that something entirely unknown must be reconstructed.”
@@GonzaloMoreiraLinguist I just simply described the language. I didn’t translate what was in the video.
So- modern indo-european is a fusion of all current “indo-european” languages like English,Persian and Russian? Does that mean proto indo-european isn’t a “real language” but a reconstruction based on patterns we could see from ancient languages? I’m not a linguist so this is just what I could understand in my words, please clarify if I made any significant mistakes.
Thank you!
I just got more confused
@@paemonyes8299 We have no idea what real Proto-Indo-European sounds like, we can use the comparative method to get close to it. The comparative method highlights and interprets systematic phonological and semantic correspondences between two or more attested languages. As Wikipedia explains: “If those correspondences cannot be rationally explained as the result of language contact (borrowings, areal influence, etc.), and if they are sufficiently numerous and systematic that they cannot be dismissed as chance similarities, then it must be assumed that they descend from a single Proto-Language. A sequence of regular sound changes (along with their underlying sound laws) can then be postulated to explain the correspondences between the attested forms, which eventually allows for the reconstruction of a Proto-Language by the methodical comparison of 'linguistic facts' within a generalized system of correspondences.”
Love this linguistic experiment. Numbers sound closer to Latin.
Italian similar with them in 80%.
I find it interesting how many words sounds so close to Latin and ancient Greek. It is understandable since they are decendants of the Indo-European language but still.
@@Mange_the_great I think it's either that Ancient Greek and Latin got used too much in reconstructions, OR (more likely) Greeks and Latins (Italics) quickly assimilate locals so the substratum doesn't show up much except in specialized words, while Balto-Slavs are more complicated, and Germanic were probably a product of a language switch between aboriginal Nordic population speaking Late Indo-European (Baltic or Celtic)
@@irfannurhadisatria2540 Germanic also split off into major sound changes early on so it’s had a lot of time to develop new forms, whereas Latin and Greek have a slower development and are generally more conservative (that is until the rise of romance in Latins case)
I always loved the idea of MIE. Making PIE a modern, living language makes you start to see PIE more like an actual language spoken long ago, not just as a theory.
If you wanna be technical if you can read this you are speaking modern indo european
Most ordinal numbers look like Lithuanian.
Pramos - Pirmas
Onteros - Antras
Tritjos - Trečias (*Tretjas)
qetwrtos - ketvirtas
penqtos - penktas
swekstos - šeštas
septmos - septintas
oktowos - aštuntas
neunos - devintas
dekmtos - dešimtas
In Greek also
Protos
Defteros
Tritos
Tetartos
Pemptos
Ektos
Evdomos
Owdoos
Enatos
Dekatos
@@gamermapper Yep so it makes kind of sense
same in Sanskrit (India and pakstan) and Persian .
@@gamermapper, No
It's like Latin and Sanskrit had a baby
i've been waiting for this 4.. no 5 thousand years!
good days bro..good days
Enjoy It bro, u deserve It!
I hate the fact that my ancestors came to India from Eastern Europe.
Only 3000BC kids will remember this
@@ronlionheart1646 Hello !! Indian languages (Indo-Aryan) has more similarities with Indo-European languages , Hindi & Urdu are Indo-European languages !!
I love this language experiment! This is exactly what i want to hear, now i’m waiting for modernised Proto sinitic(Old Chinese), Proto Austronasian, Proto-Japano-Ryukyuan etc...
Please contact me if you found modernized Proto-Austronesian!
Every indo-european language is modern indo-european.
Certainly, I guess the idea is to make the language speakable and adapt its vocabulary to modern times keeping the original roots and grammar and with no non-Indo-European influence?
the languages coming from the Indo Europeans, are The ones I most admire examples: Greek Hindi Persian Urdu Russian German and so on.
Urdu?
@@Forward_comrades Pakistan
I’m always so surprised to see how conservative Latin is in terms of vocabulary. So many words in Latin preserve original PIE forms of words, it’s really quite surprising, as the grammar has changed quite a bit in terms of leveling many verb forms and dropping a few noun cases. Although I believe Ancient Greek is thought to have preserved PIE’s verb system in its entirety.
Lets revive this language, as they did with Hebrew, it'll be awesome lol.
try it
Weird....
who would speak it tho
it's a conlang tho
Federal republic of Maldives? But why the colours of the Indian flag tho? And a wierd starish thing in place of the Ashoka chakra
So its a combination of all modern Indo-European languages to reconstruct the ancient one? So cool
More like they took the framework of the incomplete PIE language, then used the oldest possible root words between multiple Indo-European languages, in addition to some extrapolation, to fill in the gaps and make it an actually usable language
Most North Indians know minimum 3 Indo European languages. ( one of them is a Germanic language though)
I've been waiting for this one! Thank you!
Always pushing out such amazing work💕🌺
Great video! Good job. We will still work further with this beautiful language!
I actually wanna learn this Europajom and maybe get a reconstructionist community together and build a culture and religion to go along with it, become a Modern Indo-European diaspora. MIE sounds a lot better to me than Esperanto does lol
Some words in the Prodigal Son spoken sample are surprisingly recognisable. Is it because it was translated from its Koine Greek original (rather than any modern spoken language) to IE, so the translation only needed to go half as far up the tree of reconstruction?
milk = glagti -> galaxias (Greek) -> galaxy
And our galaxy is called "Milky Way"!
Great job! Thank you 💚
Many if not most of the words have at least very distant cognates with a word in English. Some are really obvious. Knowing some Romance, Slavic, and Indic language basics would make it much recognizable.
Absolutely incredible!
As a greek this sounds incredibly familiar. Many words are the same
So, is this a conlang that aims to simplify Proto Indo-European pronunciation (or at least make more pronounceable reconstructions)
basically it is an attempt to make PIE a modern, speakable language.
Seems like it, since the laryngeals have been gotten rid of.
(This reconstruction does not account for the Balto-Slavic accentuation)
Messapian was a dialect of Illyrian which is extinct.
But Albanian is thought to be the only illyrian dialect to exist, so the illyrian branch is not dead.
Unlike Daco-Thracian which is unfortunatly dead due to assimilation in the region.
OMG! You finally reached 100k subs! Congrats! Are you gonna do anything to celebrate!
0:10 Notice how similar the signs are, we call this sign gardoone mehr or chalipa in Iran
That's amazing...
Very similar to Proto Hellenic Language! Can you make a video about Proto Hellenic?
Scythian language please 🙏
There is no scythian script but there are an ossetian and soghian videos.
He did ossetian
it dosent exist but its descendent ossatian does
This is paradise.
My brother would love to learn this language to fluency
In russian we also say "Da" (yes)😀👍
And 'tebhei' in russian became "tebe" (to you)
+ also - toqe - tozhe (rus)
Because Russian is an European language
Oh my my...
In here India we also call PRIYOATAMA for darling.
The 80% of numbers ordinal and cardinal looks modern Italian.
I want this as Lingua Franca of future.
try it
I think a totally new and unique language borrowing words from all major language families and this Modern Indo European can be used to give words representing the Indo-European language family, since most people speak an Indo-European language, MIE can have more influence but I think other language families deserve recognition too in such a Lingua franca
Some bardcore with this would be awesome!
Great videos, thanks for your amazing work 😍👌 One of the best TH-cam channels 😍
The sound is so melodic and beautiful
Are there any resources on this? I’d love to learn more.
I LOVE THIS CHANNEL
ahhh this is so cool
This is "h₂erósyo néwyeh₂ dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s". Id like to learn and be able to talk this langauge insted of vedic sanskrit. This language is more logical and flexible than even the vedic and the homeric.
Is there a root and suffix list file? I know the basic conjugation and syntax.
search in wiktionary
Do you mind explaining to me what people mean by "logical" and "flexible" about Sanskrit?
I never really understood that, it's not like Sanskrit is the only language with a case system to mark functionality inside a sentence.
How do you make such claims?
@@didack1419
The grammar is quite logical in Vedic but the sandhi system is very complex. I cant avoid mistyping the sentence.
Also some PIE root lost in Sanskrit. I cannot sometimes make a calque word from Greek, Latin, Polish and English.
@@japaneseapoist286 I'm sorry but I'm not following you.
Can someone please explain to me what is MIE?? is it a single language? is it a living language? is it a theoretical reconstruction of PIE
Your channel are close to the 100k subscriber.
The amount of swastikas in the beginning lol. It just gives you an idea how ancient and important this symbol was to many cultures and still is.
Awesome
Protagonist of God of War is Welcome in MIE.
This is not Kratos but Crātós 😆
Nice
Please make a video about words that Iranian languages and Armenian have in common.
As an English and Spanish speaker it kinda sounds latin-like but with more consonant clusters you’d see in Slavic languages. Curious if native speakers of other languages hear differently?
Your mother tongue English right ??
If anyone was going to tackle an obscure language , it would be you. Can you try to do pashayi nuristani to go along with the Kashmiri one you made ? That would be super cool
Please do Faliscan and Umbrian!!
It sounds like combination of Persian with sanskrit and Spanish
No IE without Sanskrit and Old Persian. Europeans don’t like that. So they called it Indo-European. All European languages derided off old Persian and Sanskrit; incl Greek.
3:56 I was looking into the text when the little figure changed into the lady in a bandana. I thought for a second it was knuckles the echidna.
The one heard in the 2012 film Prometheus is a different take on PIE and probably based on MIE.
Good work,i think this proto language its becoming a full developed language to spoke with..its little oversimplified compared to the common PIE,but its sound very beautiful..
Other: "How many swastikas do you need?"
Indo-Europeans: "Yes"
I have a very hard request for you, Andy: a video about the Ithkuil language 😏😏
i'm sorry friend, andy needs volunteers for language it. Can you help volunteer it!?
Yo, man! That's so thrilling!
Bellissimo.....con ulteriori esemplificazioni sulla pronuncia senza modificare il lessico e la sintassi, io lo dichiarerei il nuovo linguaggio universale.....da insegnarlo nelle scuole e usarlo come lingua internazionale.....👍👍👍👍
I think this is interesting but what is this Modern Indo European Language? How does it differ from Proto indo european?
Supposedly, it's an artificial modernized version of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European. That implies a great deal of liberty has been taken in coining words for modern concepts. Also, there is a number of phonological uncertainties in Proto-Indo-European, so this modernized version must have arbitrarily preferred some of the phonological choices.
It's not a real language. It's a language created out of bits and pieces of other Indo-European languages for meme purposes. It's kinda like Esperanto but more scientific
good question..in the past this author reported the dates..anyway its surely based on the late PIE version,maybe just a version reconstructed for conversational purpose..they have removed laryngeal too and simplified the script
do you know someone about Esperanto? This is like Esperanto, but it uses Proto-European as the basis
on which elements of modern Indo-European languages.
I think it oncludes some modern european/indic verba and proverbs.
Which is the song under the spoken words?
I know it's historical meaning and such, but I have to say, this is the first time I see so many swastikas together in something Europe-related, and it has nothing to do with far right extremism
It’s cool how these look in the Latin/Roman Alphabet.
Which country has the highest number of indo- European speakers in the world??
India( 950 million).
The english word "computer" in indo-european literally : com - pu - ter (think with this or calculate with this).
Meaning it's the same word.
We need to create, just like hebrew, a new modern indo-european language and speak it in Europe.
You have created a very beatiful language 👏👏💚
Can you make a vidio about mesapian language
General culture information: Although Kurdish is an Iranian language, Kurdish is gendered and ergative language but other Iranic languages are not!
Not Iranian
Iranic*
@@HumbleCaesarB.C.E oh yes true! Like "Germanic"
Greetings from Basque, another ergative language
@@osasunaitor Basque is an Isolated language of Spain !!
@@Kamekasee Sorani dialect and other many dialects no gender bro but our all dialects ergative and half-ergative
Is this a conlang that is based on Proto Indo-European language?
Yup.
almost.
Cool. I can understand quite a lot from this biblical fairy tale.
I am fluent in 3 Indo-European languages:
1. Romance: French.
2. Slavic: Polish and
3. Germanic: English.
I wasn't going to brag, my point is - the more languages you know, the easier it becomes to understand such a made up tongues.
ILoveYourChannel!
What on earth possessed you to learn Polish?
@@thecandlemaker1329 and why not?? What is wrong with Polish? Its a beautiful language😑
@@thecandlemaker1329 he....probably is polish
@@thecandlemaker1329 that's an option he is Polish
English is only 40% of a Germanic language.
Knowing latin and some Greek I can see a lot of similarities
Modern American English pronunciation of water sounds quite the same as in Indo-European wōdr
Observe too, the Greek for water is '(h)udor' (The 'w' sound phased out of Greek / the 'u' sound like the French 'u') Greek gives us the word 'hydro.'
Yes, some words somehow avoided getting butchered all the way up into middle or even modern English. Water is one of those lucky few.
Every currently spoken Indo-European language is modern Indo-European
I want see of all language families
Darling is still priyatoma in hindi
PIE : Daniel
Modern PIE : The cooler Daniel
Would you like to make a comparison between this language and Esperanto? I hope I see that
South Slavics.Languages (Slovenian,Croatian,Serbian) are the closest.to Sanskrit.(Sanskrtâ) .Baltics languages (Lituanian,Latvian) kept common grammar.Indo European Family.never born in Roma or.Washington.
priyatama means sweet heart or darling in india😅😅😅
Please explain to me how Modern Indo-European differs from Indo-European? And what kind of language is "Modern Indo-European" anyway?
0:06 You're gonna give the Germans a heart attack.
Just joking. I know what historical meanings that pinwheel symbol had.
Yeah, I'm Italian and, when I noticed all those swastikas, I have to admit it felt kinda wrong. This is probably the first time I see so many swastikas together and it has nothing to do with far right extremism
You should do indian Bengali and Bangladeshi Bengali
for some reason I saw the symbols that looked like the eyes of the mangekyou sharingan. lol
Ancient Macedonian is a Doric Greek dialect. Unless you count Bavarian as a different language than German, or Northumbrian as different from English
This is like ressurection.
Gg 100K subscribers hit
Esto se podría usar como lengua franca al estilo del latín o el esperanto...
Please do Zazaki language an indo iranian language
Hyperborea Unification Event
As an Albanian, these words seems somewhat similar to me in the Albanian language
To me- meghei- (për) mua(albanian)
Drink - pojos - pije(albanian)
Who- qis - kush(albanina)
Night- noqts- natë(albanian)
Someone- edqis- dikush(albanian)
Civilization if languages didn't have silent letters
There are so many words which i hear everyday. Im russian btw
wow cool flag
This sounds like latin spoken with a heavy hindi accent 🤔🤔🤔
???
Well it sound like Greek with some Latin and Sanskrit accent. Actually ancient Greek keeps the PIE phonology system except the "H" sound.
@@japaneseapoist286 hmmm.
@Prof. Spudd idk man, it doesn't seem mixed(as in equal parts) maybe more towards Italo-Celtic and Hellenic than Indo-Iranian and Slavic.
@@japaneseapoist286 how do you know sanskrit accent
Which people speak this?
Isnt this the work of Carlos Quilles?
Yes! As well as Fernando Lopez-Menchero.
@@poshuaa yes sorry
Please compare the old Armenian (grabar) with the modern Armenian (ashkharabar)
Armenian is an Indo-European language
PIE Serbian
oinos,oina jedan (often with alternative pronunciation JEN)
dwou dwai dva - dvoje (two of)
trejes trja/tri tri
qetwores četiri
penqe pet
s(w)eks šest (most often pronounced as ŠES)
seot sedam
oktou osam
newn devet
dekm deset
pramos prvi
onteros drugi
tritjos treći
qetwrtos četvrti
penqtos peti
swekstos šesti
neunos deveti
dekmtos deseti
(Note, Serbian never has OS at the end, neither do most modern day languages, with the exception of Greek!);
Da da
Ne ne
Mene ja-mene
drewom drvo
woghos vozać
meghei meni
nomn ime
owis ovca
qota kako
tebhei tebi
woidha vidi
prijos prijatelj
nemos šuma
pibo piti-pio
pojos piže
qodhei qodhi kada
abol jabuka
domos doms doms
edhos edmi jede-jesti
lubhjo ljubiti
agherom jezero
mead medovina
melit med (the original PIE is *medh)
qedos čudo
toqe takođe
wodr voda
wesros jutro
medhidjeus podne (half-day) (medhidjeus literally would be medjudan or medj'dan)
weqsperos večer
noqts noć
swepo spavati - spava- spavao
potis gosPODar (from PIE ghosti potis )
polis polje (from ''field'')
qom kad
eno ena enod onaj ona ono
mater mater
sunus sin
dhugter kćer
cena žena
Here is an interesting publication from an American scientist that could well explain the similarity between modern Serbian(Bosnian, Montenegrin, Croatian etc.) and PIE, and why it is often closer to PIE than Russian from which it supposedly stemmed:
webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/ydnapie.html