Why can't Southeast Asians and Polynesians understand each other's languages?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 ก.พ. 2021
- Many Southeast Asian languages, together with Malagasy spoken on Madagascar and the languages of Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia belong to a huge linguistic family that spans three quarters of the globe - the Austronesian language family.
Despite deriving from a single ancestor spoken thousands of years ago, can speakers of languages separated by millennia and thousands of kilometres of ocean still recognise similar words and phrases in their respective languages?
The truth might surprise you.
Music used: Energizing by Kevin MacLeod
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Map source:
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Map at minute 1:25 was created by Brian Loo Soon Hua
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Even javanese and sundanese, a very neighboring language living in the same island, we can not understand one each other
Even Tagalog and Kapampangan people in the Philippines, that's only a few hours distance from one another, cannot understand each other. To be exact, the Kapampangan homeland is only two hours away from the Tagalog homeland.
😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊
As a half Javanese and half Sundanese, this is so true. I can only speak Javanese, so whenever my Sundanese family speak in their native language I was like, "this is Indonesia! SPEAK INDONESIAN!!"
Even the Malays sometimes can't understand each other.
I'm Riau Malay and my friend is Batubara Malay, having trouble communicating using ours respective Malay language.
"Gedang"
Javanese pointings at banana.
Sundanese pointings at papaya.
@@keongdarat7171 even here at the same city, Prabumulih, south Sumatera. There is two native languages, Rambang language and belido language. And it's still quite hard to understand each other language because of the word differencies. Not because the dialect, although some words my sounds similar.
I'm of Maori descent and speak Bahasa Indonesia- as soon as I saw the Cry slide my mind exploded hahah... why had I never connected the two!!?!
Me neither! I only had a suspicion when a Maori-speaking friend told me that "Waitangi" meant "Weeping Waters" and I immediately thought of the word "tangis" in Bahasa Malaysia and Indonesia. But that was very recently :)
TH-cam the LAPITA VOYAGE
By james wharrham
Halo saudaraku! Bagaimana kabarmu di Aotearoa? Semoga baik-baik saja :)
about the mata nu hangin, in filipino we normally say “direskyon ng hangin” with “direksyon” coming from the spanish word “dirección” meaning direction, however in more formal, pure tagalog, “mata ng hangin” also makes sense
I understood it as 'eye of the storm/typhoon'
mata ng bagyo is much understandable
Mata angin.
Wow! I'm from the outer islands of Palau. I was following along pretty much every single word. Some differences of course, but sounds pretty similar. Some of them I didn't even have to guess. I recognized the word upon hearing it as if it was said in my language with an accent lol.
Like the word for fire "afi". In my language it's "yafi". Tangi (cry) mata (eye) is the same spelling, same word. Angi (wind) becomes "yangi"
I also speak the main Palauan language so if a word doesn't correspond with my native toungue, it does the Palauan language. This is pretty cool.
Palauan is the one with the strangest word evolution. like *sakit -> rakt
*kaen -> kain, kaon, kaun, kan, kai, but Palauan; kal -> menga, milenga, kma, killii, kollii, omeka, keka, kla, etc.
Indonesia: fire = Api. Mata = Mata. Tangi = wake up (javanese), Angi = Angin.
What folks don't understand about how languages are classified into language families is that they are grouped according to common origin, not present similarity. The question we ask ourselves is "if we turn back the clock, will this language be more similar or less similar that the proto langauge we are comparing it to." If the answer is more similar, then the languages are related. For example, the Tsat language belongs to the Malayo-Sumbawan subdivision of the Austronesian lanaguage family despite the fact that the language is tonal and contains many loan words from the Tai-Kadai family and from Sinitic languages. If the answer is less similar, as is the case with Korean and Japanese, then these languages are part of a sprachbund, not genetic relatives but neighbors who have come to share vocabulary and grammatical features.
I am a Singaporean Malay. Many Malays in Singapore finds it hard to understand the Malay language spoken in Kelantan and Southern Thailand. So it is not surprise that Malays do not understand Polynesian language.
I’m jarai which is in Vietnam or French called us Montagnard which people of the mountains or little people
Our language is related to these also
Fire - Apui
Wind - angin
Sick - ruă akŏ
Pig- Bui
count number from 1 to 10
1-sa
2-dua
3- klâo
4- pa
5-rơma
6- năm
7-tơjuh
8-sapăn
9- dua-păn
10- Pluh
Tb9
These are basic travel and trade words - the kind where even today one would bring in a foreign phrase book to get by on an overseas or foreign trip. Sharing these basic limited numbers of words DONT make a language group on its own - which is why I reiterate over and over that the linguistic terms Malayo Polynesian and Austronesian are overbroad and try to include the kitchen sink of languages. Not.
based off of the spelling with the diacritics, is Jarai a tonal language?
@@JJ-cy9fdIf that's the case, why hasn't every single language just use the english numbering system?
Are the Chamic people speaking the same language and Jarai is one of its dialects or is it a different language from Cham?
*Selamat Pagi*
Indonesian: Good Morning
Malaysian: Good Morning
Filipino/Tagalog: Thank You Stingray
You don’t need to say “Filipino/Tagalog” just “Tagalog
Some dialects of Madagascar have "añina" (angin) and "tañy" (tangis), but the Highlanders prefer to use "rivotra" (ribut) for wind and "tomany" (t-om-any) for cry. Since the Merina dialect lost the ñ or gn consonants, the word "tany" (tangis) may not be distinguished from "tany" (tanah 'earth, ground'), so "tomany" is more common in the highlands.
In Chamorro, earth or land is “tano”
I was pretty amazed by the fact that he even found "tany" for the word "cry" which I had to think for a moment before realizing "tany" and "tomany" actually share the same root word.
I'm Samoan, I don't understand other polynesian languages. I believe we came from south East Asia.
Mother: Kinga
Father: Kamah
Eyes/face: mata
Hand: Lima
Sick: ma'i
Fire: afi
Fault/error/break taboo: sala
Hurricane/strong wind: matangi
Cry/weep: kangi or tangi
Voice/volume sound: leo
Mosquito: Ngamu
1 kasi
2 lua
3 kolu
4 fa
5 lima
6 ono
7 fitu
8 valu
9 iva
10 sefulu
#LimaGang
PS, I recently watched a documentary where Anthropologists believe we Polynesians also made trade with South American indigenous and mixed with them. We brought Kumura back to Polynesia from there. The Aztec called the sweet potato Kumar
Im Cambodian and i dont understand Thai's languages. We kinda sound the same, but its very different.
Uso that south American theory is fake, it's just what the white people believe, There's strong evidence that we share same identity as some south east Asian countries.
@@DankDave211 sorry bro don't think Cambos are part of the Austronesian gang
@@doggystylesixtynine Da fuck you're talkin about??
The one thing all Austronesian would agree on is the word, coz we all say it as Lima/rima
to say "i am sick" in tagalog, we would say "may sakit ako" which translates to: "i have a sickness". "masakit" is an adjective, so it means "painful". "masakit ako" thus kinda translates to "i am painful", which is very strange 😅 but yes, "sakit" is definitely a cognate among austronesian languages!
In prakit , sakit means ill i think. We are out of Australia.
When I was learning Tagalog. I clearly heard a relationship with Hawaiian, Indonesian, Rapa Nui and Malagasy. I'm also a Dutch and Spanish speaker. I can hear a few Dutch words in Indonesian. I hear a lot of Spanish in Cebuano, sometimes enough for me to understand it. Not as much Spanish in Tagalog, but still quite a bit.
I met a Spanish speaking friend on a jeepney in Manila and we were speaking Spanish. The other passengers were asking each other what Filipino Language we were speaking?
perhaps they thought you were speaking chavacano.
If both of you look like filipino. They might had assumed that you’re speaking one of Philippine language but since it’s an odd sound even tho we have spanish words. They just asked maybe to confirm if it’s really a Ph language or not.
I'm really happy that someone is interested in austronesian languages. from Cebu, Philippines
In Samoan and Tongan when we want to sound more formal we will say Aku(mine or me)
Also in Tongan when we say a hospital the word is
Fale Mahaki(House for the sick)
S and H are often interchangeable in polynesian cultures as you pointed out
Im from Minahasa in North Sulawesi
And fale is very similar to bale/vale which means house!
And sick is masaki'/masakit
@@akar-ex3xj I think us Polynesians come directly from you. Because you guys also have the word Tangaloa for your god and so do we
@@BarHawa
Hm maybe?
in our old mythology we call the god of the sea TAGAROA
our neighboring tribe the sangih people call him tagharuang but the difference is that for us he is a god of the sea and for them he is the ghost that tricks sailors.
Tagaroa nowdays is barely known anymore because most of our people chose to live in the mountains.
We also call him Tagaroa i Matua with Matua meaning old but it is used as a title of respect that can be given to parents, ancestors, and gods.
I also noticed a few other words in polynesian languages that are similar to our words like fenua, manu and langi/rangi
In minahasan we have the word banua/wanua/vanua which means land or village
Manuk which means chicken
And langit/langi' which means sky
And our numbers are similar
Esa, Rua, Telu, Epat, Lima, Enem, Pitu, Walu, Siaw, Sangapulu.
@@akar-ex3xj Matua is the same in Polynesian. We say Tangaloa Langi because we believe he's in the sky, you're spot on with those other connections too. We have the same roots ♥️
@@BarHawa thats very interesting! And yes I agree we have the same roots but I belive you might find more connection with the tribes of the Philippine
because the people of minahasa came from the philippines with boats in ancient times and brought Tagaroa with them.
Also what do you call coconut over there? ❤
After reading Robert Blust's 900 page opus on the Austronesian languages, I decided that if I was living my life over, I would be a professor of Austronesian linguistics- although I only know Indonesian and some Toba Batak and Māori. Fascinating info in the videos on this channel: I never guessed the connection between leher and reo, or between lidah and korero.
Oh I know how you feel. I only started (to my embarrassment) dipping my toe in Blust's research about 5 years ago. There are apparently lots of cognates hidden by all kinds sound changes but yes, the connections are still there.
Philippines have over 180+ languages.
I'm Manila born and speak Tagalog.
My Mom is Visayan born and speaks Visayan
She can be on the phone for 1 hour speaking in Visayan and I have no idea what she's talking about
Completely different languages
He is talkinfg about tagalog
Im convinced the Phillipines was a spot where a lot of different voyaging societies made home
Coast of Papua New Guinea coastal Austronesian tribes populated the coasts. Motu language
Fire : Lahi
eyes: mata
toi: one
rua: two
Many more words it’s fascinating.
wow except for fire.
Being a Polynesian māori i can faintly understand Tongan, samoan, Hawaiian and rapa nui, Tahiti, our languages are just so similar, especially rapa nui and aotearoa(new zealand) so similar i can speak my native language māori in rapa nui and have a conversation in two different languages and understand each other
I worked on a fishing boat (catching & processing, so, fairly large) with an international crew. We had one Tongan guy, 2-3 Samoans, and one Hawaiian man. Even though they didn’t know eachother before, a social clique developed with those guys having different fabric worn in the galley, and they could understand eachother: especially the Hawaiian guy. He was older, and because he was so respectable & respected, I wouldn’t be surprised if he knew the “High Hawaiian” spoken by upper/ruling class Hawaiians. This totally blew my mind because of the distance of the islands and also because we were never taught about Amerikan Samoa in public school in the Continental USA-
Quasi-related (because this didn’t come from my island friends, it came from a magazine article) : I read about people from Hawaii and Tonga going to visit an old tattoo grandmother on Fiji or maybe the Philippines to obtain the old proper tattoos because she was still alive and still did things the old way. I’m super interested because she was soooooo far away and being an outsider (an American of Irish ethnicity) I don’t think I’m allowed to be told about the tattoos full significance. But, family stuff that would be understood on somebody’s home island being inked by a master on a far away island is super fascinating. I worked in Taiwan for a few years, and learned of local peoples’ face tattoos and I’m super interested in that, also (because of their brave resistance to Japanese colonialism, and because many have retained their languages even though Taiwan’s demography changed to 98% Hahn Chinese). I looked at boats everywhere on Taiwan. I saw canoes, and I saw flat-bottom dories (built differently than our New England skiffs), but I did not see the outrigger canoes that the Polynesians are famous for. I looked though, and it’s something I WANTED to see (because I love learning about this sort of thing).
@@miahconnell23I believe the old tattooing lady you’re referring to is Apo Whang Od. I haven’t heard of any Polynesians visiting her, but many Filipinos have, both from within the Philippines and abroad. Outrigger canoes aren’t an ancestral proto-Austronesian innovation, but rather a malayo-Polynesian one which is a ‘daughter’ branch of the Austronesian family. Malayo-Polynesians basically encompass all the Austronesian languages outside of Taiwan, with proto malayo-Polynesian likely being spoken in the Batanes strait and northern Philippines. It’s here where the outrigger canoe design likely originated.
@@CP0rings33 Thank you: you have filled in knowledge on me that was missing (on me) because I was scrambling, reading whatever I could when possible: anything that lined up with the things my friends taught me. When I went to Asia, I was was asked by an education minister to bring in and show American pedagogical methods & subjects wherever possible. Some local teachers thought / or said/ (or expressed through reticence): “I don’t want to spend time on the cultural and language migrations of black folks, white folks, or other folks. I know you were asked to prepare the students’ language and manners to be decent out abroad, but (I / we ) local teachers do not expect 99% of these students to go abroad at all.” So, I could sense many of the local teachers feeling: “stop teaching about America and Africa: none of these kids are going there.” The students didn’t have that attitude at all, only a bunch of adult staff members. So, I got the idea to show the Seediq Bale movie, because it touches upon many issues regarding colonization & resistance and it takes place on Taiwan. Similar to United States Schools, there isn’t enough history taught about First People, First Nations, but official curriculum does call for *some*, not zero. So, the “people-ing” out of Taiwan theory comes up. At first, it was on one ethnographer’s page, but now I see that exact map everywhere. And I’d WANT to see outrigger canoes on Taiwan’s East Coast, and even though I’d go look in-person, I didn’t see any. Single-hulled canoes in red, black, and white, yes: but not boats with outrigger-design. I can understand [and now must promise myself to be mindful ! ] how some scholars disingenuously hold onto research that’s congruent with what they want to discover while not incorporating information that doesn’t fit with their desired results. So, the dates and directional arrows are maybe, possibly (?) correct on the increasingly popular “out of Taiwan” map, but a critical piece: *making outrigger boats* with careful extra thought (examples: leeward side of trees vs windward side of trees + putting materials in water to see which side naturally wants to go “up” before carving…) I suppose nobody ever told the scholar who started work on that map of any obligation to put “before voyaging canoes” and “after voyaging canoes” on his map/timeline. Or, perhaps the premise could be wrong 🤷♀️… (I was under the impression that it was theory, and not accepted fact…I think what you’re telling me is “that came later.” And going to a different island to get tattoo’d: that’s something I read in a magazine way back in 1995, so I’ll trust you on it. Thank you for kindly imparting knowledge: I’ve seen quite a lot of angry comments in comments sections on videos about whom went where at what time. For my own language (Celtic Irish language that existed-and still exists a little-not English) I feel a little saddened that language has been so close to “non-existence” for generations, even with some governmental and private education programs to keep it alive…
@@miahconnell23 all good mate, but yeah although the initial expansion of Austronesian speakers was out of Taiwan, from what I’ve read the outrigger canoes found in much of SEA, the pacific and Madagascar were in innovation likely originating in the northern Philippines/ Batanes strait. Some of these migrants circled back to Taiwan and there have been reports of outrigger canoes in southern Taiwan I believe.
d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47334992/Blench_Bali_PMP-libre.pdf?1468883022=&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSplitting_up_proto_Malayopolynesian_new.pdf&Expires=1687920769&Signature=S11jehnFgP-5Oq-i4PmbpNSrgclVxXvi72ZGrfPtJToWShmjfREJ~kwd8OxX6JDSmK2EltYJaYty-fzyyDoE~gKu76-h42gr6hTtTlOYCIr2hdFQJm-xJNQGM9TL0e80Z46Yr-MYK-FlGmY9paJ9teNkWeYJYdGyk9qxUfRnZ9f3XBBWdOS61~jHFUD7Bgo~McHu5hdZHtCzVmx73P3HfW8tCH-VOsNn1ogT-~wuVmhyzm3mIkArNuD4G~gTe7aEd6Via-Qa7uC59koHw4EkFqd-g7J-k9Dinc9JRdX1b5uHX2yGI0rZ4Jf8B-doxe82Gf1Dehh7ZlafmXyfOSO~Tg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA
This paper here provides some insights into the expansion.
so glad I found your channel!
Great video. I love how you broke this down and showed examples of how words can change based on various factors. I learned a lot.
Came here to learn about Austronesian. And all of a sudden,, my native language Faroese gets a shout out. Very nice. Great video. I will be watching more of them. - Personally, I would love to learn an Austronesian language or even a few. Some that interest me are Chamorro, Malagasy, various languages of Vanuatu like Vurës, and Malay-Indonesian. Samoan and Fijian are interesting too.
Look at the geography,it make sense why many Austronesian languages speakers can’t or partially understand each other.The native speakers live on islands,causing them to isolate & develop differently from other Austronesian languages
1 islan can have more than 2-4 duferent language
I found this a very comprehensive and structured video, featuring lots of examples in different languages. I’ve always been interested in languages and I’m currently learning Tagalog, so this is very interesting to see the comparisons between the languages!
Polynesians are culturally linguistically and genetically austronesians and therefore Asian, lol. Someone just randomly decided half of it is no longer Asia by drawing a line.
Could say the same thing about the inuits of greenland or much of native america , being with the culture similarities with turkic siberia . Although completely different languages
It's the other way around. Polynesians, Micronesians and Insular Hesperonesians are not Asians.
Only the continental Hesperonesians (those who live in Peninsular Malaysia, Peninsular Thailand, Southern Myanmar, Southern Cambodia and Southern Vietnam) are Asians.
You're all wrong anyway. LOL. "Asian" is not an ethnic identifier. It's geographic, and thus meaningless when talking about how people are related.
Austronesians are Asians (Island Southeast Asians, Aboriginal Taiwanese), Oceanians (Micronesians, Polynesians, Islander Melanesians), Africans (Madagascar, Comoros), and Australians (Torres Strait Islanders)
@@AngryKittens Nah, what you refer to as "Island Southeast Asia" is actually "West Oceania" considering the fact that Oceania actually has five subregions.
Well Austronesians are a heterogeneous people who apparently spoke the Austronesian language, they could be Indigenous Taiwanese, Malayo-Polynesians, or other ethnic groups who decided to speak it because of a language shift, and not all of them live in Asia, and not all of them are Asian, if you would assume so, then we all are Africans, since our ancestors originally migrated from Africa.
Aku sakit (Sub.+Verb) is the formal sentence structure, in spoken Malay, Sakit aku! is also common.
In Asi, spoken in some municipalities in Romblon, Philippines - we say "Masakit ako" when we are sick. However, the meaning changes when it is said in Filipino/Tagalog, it masakit means pain.
Awesome explaination and presentation! I learnt a lot from the video ❤
From madagascar to hawaii... all austronesians call 5(five) as lima and 3(three) as either tiga or telu
geng lima 🖐
Telu sounds similiar to the austronesian word for scrotum/balls,so in India-centric austronesian countries like Indonesia and Malaysia its replaced with tri/triga from sanskrit
@@ihavenojawandimustscream4681 is that telu related to telur (egg)?
in Philippines, 5=lima, 3=tatlo
@@luthfihadiyanfajri4003 only that they sound similar enough.
Aku is the original word. Saya came from sahaya, similar word is hamba, (ambo in Minang language). Sahaya and hamba meant slave. It means you are lower than your interlocutor. You can not say aku to your king or parents. You say saya. But now saya is the formal word in Bahasa Indonesia. Aku is more archaic, more poetic and you say that only to your close friends, lover, opposite sex for politeness and of course in poetry and novels. You can not say word aku in official occassions.
It would be so impressive if “Ciao” and “Saya” are etymologically related… Ciao is shorten of “T'chavo(?)” (your slave). An alternative way of greeting respectfully someone is “salve”, which is almost identical to “slave”…
This is amazing, so well researched and definitely needs more views
Very informative video. Nice job
asmazing work and very enlightening. 👍👍👍👍
Slight correction
I am sick. - May sakit ako. (Literally, I have sickness.)
masakit - painful
The ma- prefix in tagalog predominantly means "filled with".
I also highly commend your accent in saying "masakit". You used a "k" allophone in Tagalog that you'll only hear in between vowels. The voiceless velar fricative /x/. I'm not sure tho if the "k" allophone is also heard in dialects of Tagalog outside Metro Manila. I heard that same "k" allophone, tho, in another language of the Philippines called Kapampangan.
Javanese has the same case too like Tagalog. We have that ma prefix too in our language. In the old days we say sick and fear is "masakit" and "matakut" but now it changed to "lara" and "wedi" and I don't know why it changed so different from the ancient one🤔
@@user-jg8gr6wd4w wow! In Tagalog, matakot is get scared/ be afraid.
Same in Malay we say aku sakit or saya sakit
Interesting. I’m Filipino who speaks Japanese. I recently just learned that the Japanese word for “scary/scared” 怖い kowai can mean “painful” in certain dialects.
In Tagalog, “Direction of the wind” in basic form is “Direksyon ng hangin”, Direksyon is derived from the Spanish “dirección”. But in more formal “pure Tagalog” form, we can say “Patutunguhan ng hangin”. Patutunguhan comes from the base word “Tungo” which means “goes to” in the sense of the word direction.
Filipino = direksyon ng hangin
Tagalog = patutunguhan/dako ng hangin.
Filipino has tagalog as the basis, but they're different in a way that tagalog doesn't use loan words from english and spanish.
E.g.
English = dictionary
Spanish = diccionario
Filipino = diksyunaryo
Tagalog = talatinigan/talahulugan
super interesting! can't wait for that next video you described at the end
Wowww this is great explanation.. i didn't knew our word is so similiar... Thank you!
I mean, even the Romance languages couldn’t understand each other much, even though it’s only been a thousand years since the fall of the Roman empire. And that’s with them being next to each other and maintaining contact. So… it’s not that hard to believe.
I'm from Toba tribe on Sumatera.
This is how we say:
I'm sick = Marsahit Au.
And how we say numbers:
One = Sada
Two = Dua
Three = Tolu
Four = Opat
Five = Lima
Six = Onom
Seven = Pitu
Eight = Walu
Nine = Siya
Ten = Sampulu
Sia gapake Y
Tongan
I am sick-puke au/mahaki au
1-taha
2-ua
3-tolu
4-fa
5-nima
6-ono
7-fitu
8-valu
9-hiva
10-hongofulu
Thanks for the information.
Wow sir your analysis is top notch
Hi, this video is awesome! Salut to you for this. I am Indonesian, originally from Maluku (Central Malayo Polynesian group), and basically am in the quest to recover the extinct language of Maluku (The Moluccan People), especially Around Seram island and Ambon. Do you have any references for this sub group.
As Dutch Era had completely cost the language to die out to the verge of complete extinction. Would be highly appreciated if you could shed light or personally be in touch regarding this matter.
I know this is not going to be easy to find subgroup, especially the ones who have almost died out. Thank you very much. Appreciation !!!!
One of the more interesting questions I keep getting asked is "why are there so many sound changes in the Polynesian languages, especially those further east?" These languages lost all final consonant sounds and became very rich in vowels, many sounds were simplified or merged together with other sounds - "langit" became "lani' in Hawaiian, "rangi" in Maori, "ra'i" in Tahitian and "aki" or "ani" (depending on dialect) in Marquesan. While I don't have an answer that's 100% for certain, there are some theories: the Proto-Oceanic branch might have been in contact with a now-extinct pre-Austronesian language (or languages) spoken somewhere around Fiji, Tonga or Samoa that had a small consonant inventory and strict CVCV structure and this might have influenced their phonology. There are also theories about how perhaps sailing out in the open ocean might influence sounds - languages with more vowels and fewer consonants would make it easier for their speakers to call out to one another from their vaka, va'a, prahu etc. Anyone else have any interesting ideas?
Seems like that was already happening in east Indonesia, at least based off their modern forms. So maybe they met some people there before going on to Lapita? Also this pattern isn't seen as much in Micronesian land.
I think you put the points right. Also, Austronesian speakers tend to put stress at the second last syllable, this makes the last syllable less heard. Is it possible, too?
Is "vaka" a small boat or "bangka"?
I think further east is sounds much older.
@@mountainrock7682 probably it is Waka. Other than that Ratu and Datu sounds alike plus Dato, Duta, Datok for elderly.
Thanks! I loved this episode,
Just a little bit of correction
The correct form in tagalog:
May sakit ako = I have pain/sickness
Masakit is the verb or adjective form depending on how you construct a sentence to denote pain
1. Masakit tignan ang ginagawa niya (adjective form) = It's painful to see what he/she is doing
2. Masakit ang tiyan ko (verb form) = My stomach hurts
Mata ng hangin is as you said, Eye of the wind.
Direction of the wind will be hard to express in pure tagalog, We would say "Direksyon ng hangin" which has the word "Direksyon", a tagalog-transformed version of the spanish word "Direccion"
I guess you can use "Paroroonan ng hangin" which loosely translates to "endpoint/direction of the wind" or someone can say "Paharap ang/yoong/iyong hangin (sa)" meaning "The wind is facing (towards)
I speak the Laguna-flavor of tagalog so other dialects of tagalog specially Marinduqueno might have a closer translation since Marinduque tagalog directly came from Old Tagalog while other forms of tagalog had more evolutions through intrusion from (mainland and early mexican) spanish, (american) english, old malay and other philippine languages.
Tangi in tagalog means sole or only as in the only one left.
But still, this is a brilliant video. More power to you.
it is interesting how the spanish language influence tagalog, and that thing in the video comparing the languages from a great language family to its reconstructed ancestor language remids me of the comparison of english, spanish, russian, greek, irish, farsi and hindi to its reconstructed ancestor laguage called proto-indoeuropean.
'Tangis' is visayan word for cry... and it's also an old tagalog word
All his errors is an evidence of how complicated Tagalog is in terms of grammar and sentence structure. Foreign people may find Indonesian/Malay easier while Tagalog can take them months or years to be fluent with the language.
Love it malo and your pronunciation of the tongan perfect
Interesting . In malagasy "Mankany" means to go to a place or a direction . For example we say " mankany Frantsa aho" for " I go to Fance". I had no clue it had something to do with wind direction.
I have to check the etymology but I think you may be right it might have some links to wind direction! Misaotra tompoko !
Excellent and informative video!
As for tangis, northern Philippine languages tend to interchange the "s" and "t" or even merge them into "t"
Central Philippine language (southern part of luzon and visayas islands) - Northern Philippine language (northern part of luzon island)
tangis - Tagalog, sangit - ilocano
usa ka gatos - Cebuano, sangagasut - Ilocano
masakit - Tagalog, matakit - Ibanag
As for leher and leeg, it's the g - r - y - l sound change
new
bago - Tagalog, bag-o - Cebuano, bayu - Kapampangan, baro - Ilocano, balo - Pangasinan, baru - Bahasa Indonesia
night
gabi - Tagalog, gabii - Cebuano, yabi - Sambal, rabii - Ilocano, labi - Pangasinan
blood
dugo - Tagalog, dugo - Cebuano, daya - Kapampangan, dara - Ilocano and Bahasa Indonesia
night
Kapampangan - bengi
@@ironric2517 In Karo Batak language is Berngi and Toba Batak language is Borngi+n
Tangis in Indonesia mean cry
Menangisi, to cry over ___
Menangis, crying
And for blood, we use Darah with H in the end, because Dara means pigeon or in old time it refers to virgin girl.
@@ironric2517 in Sundanese wengi in Javanese wengi too
Being Filipino American, when I speak, Ilocano, Tagalog people cannot understand me at all. And it’s funny because we’re from the same island in Luzon in the Philippines.
it's because luzon is not limited to one language. same as in mindanao and the island of panay in visayas. It's funny cause you didn't know.
@@hirayamanawari3583 I know there are more than 2 languages in Luzon, but as a Fil-Am, I only come across Pinoys who usually speak either and sometimes Visaya.
Sino aya kinka ti nga ng’y baga nga haan ko nga ammo? Maka pakatawa aya??? Haan na’k nga aramiden nga Tanga no sika ti awan ammo na. Ada pay laeng kabagi’ak jai Luzon, sa no mapan ak, ti daduma nga tao, Tagalog wen no Ilocano sao da. Urai no sabali, suruan da ti pa ng sao me.
@@JsnGallardo maybe they could not understand you even you speak ilokano to them coz ilokano has also its own dialects. Like what Tagalog have like Batangueñong Tagalog, Manileñong Tagalog, Bulacueñang Tagalog, Caviteñong Tagalog, Catanduanes na Tagalog, etc., it varies where you from. Ilokano language has it also, from Highlands to lowlands, to northern to southern. It applies to all languages here in the Philippines. And maybe you have a bit of accent when you speak so they couldn't understand you, or maybe you're talking to wrong people that you expected them to speak your language that you know.
You know what makes me mad about your comment, it is because you make fun of them, you expect them that they know your language since you are from the same island of Luzon when in fact in Luzon alone, there's a bunch of languages existed from a single island. Luzon is still a big island, when you know the history how people developed their own language then that might be change your views. I'm actually from the mainland PH and I know at least 5 languages here. So, don't make any sh*t about the country.
Tagalog and Kapampangan are just about 2 hours away from each other and mutually unintelligible, what more Ilocano which is way far north.
Maybe you have an accent?
very nice video sir. Tq so much.
Thanks Brian!!!
Your thesis on wind correlation on culture and religion hits hard because that's what happened when I was told if the wind is cold or warm et cetera. Very nice and in-depth video!
4:02 "I am sick" translated 'loosely' in Tagalog would be "may sakit ako" and that literally means, "I have an illness." You can say "ako'y (ako ay) may sakit" and that also is literally, "I have an illness", just in a passive voice.
"May" is have
"sakit" is pain/illness
"ako" is I
You can say "ako sakit", lit. "I [am] sick", but Filipino speakers would think you're talking in baby language.
“Me sakit,” not “may.”
@@changkwangoh we also use that but that's more like a slang, at least in Manila-Tagalog. I'm not sure if that's the case for other Tagalog dialects such as what's used in Batangas.
Me sakit ako
May sakit ako
Greatly informative video
What a Good Content! I like to see more videos like this! And the analysis about the languages are great. Greetings from 🇵🇭 Keep it up!!
Another great video. You are quite right in your application of Maori words. Interestingly, for Maori like much of Polynesian, our origins are controversial with everyone expressing a pet theory. However, it is evidence such as this that cant be looked over and yet it is. Perhaps for lack of presentation, so thank you, e hoa.
I like the far flung foraging gradual settlement hypothesis and not the single 7 waka settlement event hypothesis.
It is good analysis..yes some of SEA countries have got many influences from other languages...it because this countries is on the spot of shipping trade...maybe if you more digging in to the pure language (native language not their nation language) you will found the link of Austronesian language.
I love analysis videos like this
Perkongsian yang sangat2 menarik. Teruskan
The phrase "Masakit ako" that was used was right, it is just one way of translating "I'm sick" or "I'm in pain" in Filipino. People got confused as we commonly use sentences such as "Ako'y may sakit" (formal way of saying and more often used on text books or speeches), and "May sakit ako" (more casual way of saying in a conversation), it's perfect example.
I don’t about mata ng hangin, but we have a phrase mata ng bagyo (eye of a storm/hurricane).
Also Filipino should “May sakit ako” (I’m sick) not “Masakit ako” (I’m painful, almost as if you’re threatening someone that you can hurt them real bad😂).
great video!!!
Your channel is very interesting. I'm binging.😁
Even Kelantanese-Pattani Malay and Sarawakian Malay cannot understand each other using their respective dialects despite both being Malay.
Because swk mly isnt mly but islamized dayaks. As perception is that when u convert to islam, u become mly
@@rickken6823 Sarawakian Malays are Malays. Linguistically and culturally. Melanau for example are still Melanau despite if they converted to Islam.
Hey Polynesians, you dropped alot of consonants in the sea.
I love the polynesian language. It flows like the sea.
@A J Could there be a possibility that the Polynesian languages are closest to the original form of Austronesian language?
Perhaps many words in original Austronesian languages end in vowels.
@@Emsyaz no
@@Kanal7Indonesia Theres a possibility.
Proto Austronesian language is just an attempt to reconstruct the proto language but nobody knows how accurate that is.
@A J it's a joke! get it??? 😂
cool video - great contents ✌️
Love this channel. I am Polynesian (Tahiti) and it’s learning process with almost similar words
I remember Iban is Malayic language, they use Apa Berita or Nama Berita, Berita=Khabar, Berita in Malay/Indonesia mean news, before arabic loanword is apa berita, or in slang, apa cerita or pa cerite/cerito mean what the story. it interesting. Iban have very least loanword because they are not hindu nor muslim, but in late 18th century they convert to Christianity. so Iban have pure form of malayic.
News in Tagalog is balita
@@jrexx2841 surat=sulat r become l.
Charita is Sanskrit.
Oh nice in Iloko/Ilokano we have the word masarsarita which is word of streets/news. Like "Ana ti masarsarita" which means "What is the news". "Surat" means write in my language and "sarita" means speak or word.
@@solidpas761 Surat is a city in North West India.
Surat in Sanskrit means a peaceful tranquil earthly place.
KhobSurat in Hindi means lovely or beautiful.
Surah in Arabic means letters. In Malay that what Surat mean.
I'm seeing a lot of people lately referring to Filipinos as "Pacific Islanders", like no. Philippines is in Southeast Asia.
It is Geographically.. But most filipinos consider themselves as Spaniards or even latinos. Its like they're so proud being colonized by Spanish lol
@@piedpiper5687 No, it's just usually rich people and some internet users who boast and claim that they're Spanish.
Vast majority really don't care about this stuff.
@@piedpiper5687 literally no one says we are Spanish in the Philippines lol, only the rich kids whose parents are oligarchs say that, they've been oligarchs since the 1800s
@@piedpiper5687 Filipinos that call themselves Spanish is like people from Laos or Vietnam calling themselves French. It's stupid.
@@venividivici2233 Some Filipinos are Spanish wannabes.
I feel sad seeing it.
Im a Melayu. Not Filipino by the way.
Cool video! Just comments on stuff I saw (I know other commenters already pointed it out but I just wanted to summarize it lol):
1. In Tagalog, "I'm sick" is "May sakit ako" (I have sickness), not "masakit ako" (literally means "I am painful").
2. As a Tagalog speaker, the phrase "mata ng hangin" has no directional meaning. It's just literally "eye of the wind", but no one would say that.
Excited for more Austronesian videos!
Amazing video
interesting you should do more coverage on micronesian languages, Yapese, Palauan, Chamorro, Chuukese, Kosraean, Pohnpeian, Marshallese, Gilbertese, Nauruan
A video on the oceanic Micronesian languages would be very interesting, considering yapese isn’t closely related to any Micronesians language and groups closer with the admiralty languages in Papua New Guinea
Arnt they close to Bisayan? Since Philippines is closest. I'd be interested too though. Would love to visit Micronesia.
This is interesting, I'd like to know more the history of my Austronesian ancestor. I'm native speaker of Javanese, Bahasa Malaysia and Indonesia. Keep it going, good job!
GREAT VIDEO !! #I’m proud to be an Austronesian ✊🏽✊🏽✊🏽
Terima kasi!
🙏
Filipino shouldn’t be “masakit ako” since it would literally translate to “I am painful”. Would be more apt to say “May sakit ako” which means “I have (a) pain/sickness”. But I get the connection though
This is fantastic.
My masterʻs thesis was a comparative analysis of Te Reo Māori against other Austronesian languages, focussing on the use of respectful languages (language, or way of speaking used with/for people of respect & varying degrees of rank).
One thing I discovered/realised whilst doing my research, mutual intelligibility is a lot easier if you have a large vocabulary.
For example, the word ‘maki’ (sick), is commonly used in Polynesian languages, but not in NZ (Māori), where ‘māuiui’ is used most. ‘Matangi’ is another example of that, where most Māori speakers will use ‘hau’, for wind. Perhaps the word ‘hau’ may have come from ‘hangin’?
Iʻm fortunate to be a native Māori speaker and studied multiple Polynesian languages, so I have above average vocab, which makes it easier for me pick up what people are saying in most Austronesian languages & dialects.
I do want to add, Te Reo Māori speakers of NZ find it more difficult understanding Cook Island Māori speakers, even though technically, they are dialects of the same language.
This is because the NZ dialects,
1. use old or obsolete words in the common tongue, that might exist only in poetic or liturgic language in most parts of the Cook Islands, and also
2. have strict grammar rules & use different sentence structures compared to the Cook Island dialects.
At the same time, a Cook Island Māori speaker is more likely able to converse easily with Tahitian and Hawaiian speakers, as their grammar is almost identical, allowing for some word & pronunciation variations.
Itʻs all fascinating stuff (says the language nerd).😄
Omgg i love your videos!! Is it okay if i suggest your future videos to be about the body parts in austronesian languages? Your pronunciation is soo good btw 😍
It is very interesting... in 14:27 you mentioned Waitangi literaly means Water(wai) Cry (tangi) in Maori languages. I recognized that in Lampung language in South Sumatra have same word, Wai, and it means River.
The person that said " I'm Polynesian and I understand all Polynesian langs..." is a liar
Thanks for the excellent content Brian.I also watched your presentation on the Polyglot Conference and got more motivated to learn Indonesian. I also loved the examples with Germanic languages, because I thought weird that the word for married is ¨gift ¨ but can understand the meaning well.When I learned German I could never understand why Gift meant ¨poison¨. Regarding what you said about ¨Plattdeutsch¨, I guess it's closely related to Dutch since it is, as far as I remember, spoken in regions close to the Netherlands. I would love to ser a series on Aboriginal languages, because they speak language I am really interested in. However, I have read somewhere that they are related to the Tamil people. If that's the case, are their languages related to Tamil? 我在等你的下個的視頻！！謝謝！！
Muito obrigado, どうもありがとうございました Julio-san! I'm preparing a series on two Australian Aboriginal languages :) And yes there is a possible ancient connection with India but it was probably a very long time ago. Their languages are not related, as far as modern linguists can prove but the phonology is very similar. 謝謝！
Very educative!!!... greetings from Jakarta, Indonesia. Btw im half Javanese and half Minahasan (North Sulawesi), many Minahasan language have similarities with Tagalog
Maysakit = may from mayroon (having), sakit (sickness or pain)
Masakit = painful
You have a good tagalog accent, i would say 90-95% perfect
Sakit (illness) in Filipino is more of a noun rather than a condition so we do not say “masakit ako”. Instead we say “May sakit ako” which literally means “I have an illness.” Sakit can also mean “pain” so if you say “masakit ako” for me it sounds like “i am painfull” which is a weird thing to say unless you want to mean something like “i am painfull to others” or something.
i'm not sure about "mata ng hangin" as a used phrase in tagalog, but it is grammatically correct, and your translation is also right: it means "eye of the wind". sounds very poetic in tagalog!
Interesting, but one should note that the common ancestor of Tagalog and Hawaiian was 5000 years ago, which is about the same as Northwestern Indo-European (the hypothetical ancestor to Germanic and Italic lamguages) was spoken. Calling the two languages _closely_ related should be taken with a grain of salt.
I guessnit depends on how one defines those terms. Sometimes closely related refers to languages where a family can be reasonably proven, while far/distantly related is more about one can't really prove it, but one has hints that they might be related.
But yes I agree with you
Hi Brian, thanks for making this insightful video. For a long time I'm trying to find out the commonality in austronesian and Polynesian 'spiritual' words. For example Tu-han han-Tu daTu (datuk) raTu itu. I suspect there's a link from aboriginal Taiwanese language and across the pacific ocean. Appreciate if you can explore on this, terima kasih!
Terima kasih! You're right there is definitely a link! It might take a while to untangle all the changes in sounds and meanings :)
So is Bahasa, kasalahan means crime.
In Tagalog, kasalahan means something like "mistakeness" or how much you miss.
Sala can mean sin or miss.
Sin can be said as Kasalanan.
I usually hear ‘mata ng bagyo’ (center or eye of a/the typhoon) in weather news.
vinaka!!! this is amazing
Even just for saying, we only have Malagasy in Madagascar (as a native language before colonization) and yet a lot of Merina people don't understand the dialect of the Bestileo or the Betsimisaraka, even If we speak the same language
But you do know that Madagascar used to be separate kingdoms back then before the king Andrianampoinimerina decided to unify the country, don't you? So each kingdom developped its own culture and its own "Malagasy" language. Plus, some linguists consider Malagasy not as a single language, but a constellation of different languages which diverged from a hypothetical single language. That is the reason why in fact none of the ethnicity in Madagascar speak the "authentical" Malagasy language. Even Merina, the basis of official Malagasy is considered to be a "variety" of Malagasy. For example, Sakalava, Merina, Betsimisaraka and Antandroy are considered separate languages by certain linguists due to their different vocabulary, grammar and sound changes. Try to listen to Kibushi (spoken in Mayotte) which is also a Malagasy dialect/language to see that Malagasy is not a single language and that not all varieties Malagasy are mutually intelligible.
@@flavmendrikaja3784 I already know it :)
@@minimani6535 Good if you know it. 😊 But what I meant is that Malagasy has the same problem as Chinese. Some linguists say that Chinese too is not a single language, it is a constellation of variants as diverge as Romance languages, just like Malagasy.
The correct translation for "I am sick" is "May sakit ako".
If you leave out the "may", which is the Tagalog word for "have", it is shown that its basic structure is similar to other Austronesian languages.
Hello, I speak Tagalog. I just subscribed, looking forward for more informative videos :)
Thank you for a very clear and concise explanation of reasons languages evolve. So really the main reason we in Eastern pacific can't fully understand western pacific these days,is the outside influences.
I speak Malay, and Kadazandusun, i notice that the word "what" is different which is "apa"in malay and "onu" or "nunu" in kadazandusun which is the same as most austronesian langauge here in Sabah such as "Anu" which is used in the sabahan malay dialect which also means "what". Tagalog also says "Ano" for "what". Is there any similarity between "apa" and "onu, nunu, anu, ano"? I also notice that at 19:13 you didnt include tagalog "Ano" for similarity for the "what".
In Iloko(northern tip of the Philippines) we use "ana" for what.
Ilocano uses APAY for why. It's curiously quite very close to Malay APA.
"Anu" also exists in Malay language, not as directly as "what" but almost means "what" because it is used for calling person, thing etc. without the intention (or caused by forgetfulness) to call his/her/its name. Sentence examples:
1- "...ada seorang perempuan engkau tebus pada tahun anu-anu pada bulan anu, maka engkau ceraikan antara ibu dan anaknya."
2 - 'Maka kata Bendahara perempuan, "Destar anu itulah yang patut." '
3 - "Si anu nak datang."
Nani in japanese
@@tuah007 in Tagalog, too. We also find ourselves using Ano to address somebody without using his name. "Hoy, ano"....( literally ' hey, what' hahaha )
I can't understand my wife, and we speak the same language 😂.
Lol so hilarious 🤣🤣🤣
This is wrong. Masakit ako = I'm Painful.
'Ma' is an affix and the root word is 'sakit' which means sick/pain. So attaching an affix (Ma) to a noun (sakit) then this becomes adjective (masakit) which is painful.
The exact translation of I am Sick is 'May sakit ako' or 'ako ay may sakit'
It was mentioned in the video, finish it first before you react on it.
04:42 "I am sick" in Tagalog is roughly translated as "I have sickness," which is "May sakit ako" or Mayroon akong sakit"....may/mayroon is the equivalent of "there is/there are"
We use mata ng bagyo which is eye of the storm, but never mata ng hangin, as far as I know. Batangas Tagalog would have Direksyon ng Hangin, which is a mix of Spanish and Tagalog.