History of the Austronesian Languages
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 ต.ค. 2020
- History of the Austronesian Languages, Proto-Austronesian, Formosan, Malayo-Polynesian, Western Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Western Indonesian, Sumatran, Celebic, Chamorro, Palauan, Greater North Borneo, Malayic, Javanese, Madurese, Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa, Chamic, Sunadanese, Philippine, Tagalog, Ilocano, Visayan, Cebuano, Barito, Malagasy, Oceanic, Western Oceanic, Southern Oceanic, Fijian-Polynesian, Micronesian
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Madagascar is like the adopted kid that found its real parents years later.
WTF CD -[Foxy]- omg it’s you!
@@somatia350 -whoa-
Seems accurate
Austronesia from western hindia to eastern pacific not included australia n newguinea
the fact that they traveled that far to east africa is killing me
People asking why our ancestors didn’t settle in Australia, the answer might be simple: look at where we mostly settled, most of the lands our ancestors set foot in have a tropical weather, have a hot temperature and are also humid. Our ancestors probably set foot in Australia and saw this huge-ass desert with arid lands and dry weather and probably said « fuck it I’m not staying ! » lol
“Based Kaiser”
they do in the coast according to a study in australia and writing from tomy pires if am not mistaken, but lack of study in language, they already move and lack of proof.
Exactly was wondering the same thing. Lol
For real, why would seafarers settle a dry ass desert lol. It is known that they intermarried with small communities of native Australians
Yes, there were some evidence of trade of goods & language with Australian aborigin, i believe i read it somewhere
It’s crazy how Austronesians settled Madagascar before any Sub-Saharan Africans did
They had to be filipino lapita people thank you is salamat in filipino also in Madagascar that why they look filipino some of them
@@alochoa7057 It was Dayak people from Borneo who settled in Madagascar
@@rickville8898 show me dna just joking. But our filipino sea gypsies badjao till this day go there in Malaysia and suluwasi
@@alochoa7057 the Sama-Bajau languages are actually classified in the same subgroup as Malagasy and Barito languages in Borneo! The theory is that both Sama people and Malagasy people were originally from the southeastern coast of Borneo before they began exploring the sea (or were pushed out to do so) in around the second half of the first millenium. While the linguistic evidence conclusively grouped their languages together, though, the DNA evidence shows a significant mix with people from Southern Sulawesi as well, which indicate that there were intensive ancient exchange between both sides of the Makassar Strait.
I have to note that the Malagasy migration was a bit earlier than that of Sama though, and may have been facilitated by speakers of Javanese and Malay as evidenced by influences these two languages give to Malagasy. But still, it's interesting because the majority of Barito speakers today mainly live inland. It's possible that the now dominant Banjar ethnicity in southeastern Bornen coast used to speak language(s) related to Malagasy and Sama-Bajau before they got Malayized in the second millenium CE.
I find it strange that despite how far they traveled, none of them settled Australia.
I think they indeed landed on Australia and Melanesia but for several factors like climate and wars they were driven away preventing them from staying.
its because australia and papua were already settled by tons of melanesian and aboriginal tribes, plus some trepangers from makassar traded with the aboriginals in australia, but australia is simply too arid from the top and papua just filled with dense jungles for any of them to think about going further there, plus yeah some ancient people were there already so they thought hey that aint good land plus its occupied already. it had to take some british colonizer ships sailing from the south pacific to land on the good side of australia to make some nice ground. if the maori of new zealand had more time, they could have encircled and colonized australia too, but they were too soon already. the ones that went to madagascar simply followed the trade routes to africa and the cham were basically just austronesians who wanted to get into the action in peninsular indochina
@@xXxSkyViperxXx you again
@@instantinople3796 who r u
It makes sense. Property taxes were higher in Australia, labor laws were more restrictive for small business at the time, the climate was too dry (they liked it hot and humid - like being wrapped in hot cotton), and transportation in and out of Australia sucked. :)
The fact that they didn't settle in Australia triggers my autism
It was already "occupied" by Aboriginals, was it not?
@@icosahydro Yes, so does Papua New Guina and Vanuatu. They just weren't discovered or settled by austronesian
Vanuatu was first settled by austronesians.
@@icosahydro So was Indonesia. Australia is kind of a strange case.
@@icosahydro as far as i know yes. Also, the Australian aboriginals were more adept to livong in the conditions as the austronesian were mostly skilled in tropical environments. Though the austronesians did try, so there are certain groups in north west Australia which speak a mixed aborignal-austronesian language. Also, for years, travel/trade between southern indonesian islands and northwest Australia was common, until the practice was recently abolished for safety and security purposes. In fact, before the abolishment of these practices, human movement was common between islands with austronesian settlements and even with their neighbors
As someone who comes from Madagascar it always astounds me to think about the fact that some people from New Zealand, Hawaii, Taiwan and I are sharing the same ancestors
Same! I was aware of the fact that our ancestors were from around Indonesia, which was only taught to me in uni, but since I started to research more about our origins I'm still shocked to learn that the Austronesians are scattered in so many places now
Very distantly, but it's still very interesting
and maybe some people in Southern China🤣
They sailed to Hawaii, madagascar, new zealand and easter island all the way from southern China. and also, Kyushu of Japan was once inhabited by Austronesian people until they were assimilated by Japanese.
It may even be possible that the Japanese language inherited some aspects from austronesian
@@lesussie2237 I think that Japanese is related to Korean but got influenced by a language related to or was austronesian
@@captainch6182
i think in terms of phonology, Japanese is closer to Austronesian but when it comes to grammar, it's almost 90% identical to Korean. but what is strange is that despite sharing similar grammar, they have nothing in common in thier vocabulary(except for Chinese or English loan words).
@@captainch6182 as a person who speaks an austronesian language, i find both languages similar in how they tend to end words with vowels and have very clear syllable structures constructed with one constant followd by at most two vowels
@@user-nc5yc9es6j I think there are multiple reasons why but I think the two main factors are: they are quite distant and it’s hard to find sound correspondences, and Japanese was certainly influenced by Proto-Ainu or whatever language the Jōmon people spoke, adopting their native vocabulary. The fact that arguably the proto-japonic and proto-koreanic homelands were so close together is definitely suspicious, and the grammar only adds to that.
It would be similar to how English has a clearly Germanic grammar but adopted many words from Celtic, Latin, Greek, and Norse languages.
This LIMA gang. The old gangster of the seas.
I'm a native speaker of Ambonese, a local language on a tiny island called Ambon, in Eastern Indonesia. So proud of that, just saying 😁
@EyeZackZin ya 😂.. takutnya nanti bahasa² ini punah
bahasa2 di Maluku dan Ntt dikelompokan menjadi satu (Central malayo polynesian)..
From the pisang Ambon drink?
W
Ambonese is a Malay creole
Oceanic leanguages: where did you spawn?
Madagascar language: well...
Suggestion: Viking raids mapped over time
Up!
4th
Austronesian were Viking for Melanesian / Australoid
@@rickville8898 but no killing
Huge respect to you sir for mapping this large language family accurately. It would be helpful if youtube videos has zoom in functionality.
Thank you
@@CostasMelas pls do langauges of Antarctica
@@graemesillyandentertainment good joke
@@graemesillyandentertainment o wok owok wowk wok
@@CostasMelasMalay ones arent that clear from far tho...
I'm Indonesian 🇮🇩, my province and my tribe is in Philippine Family Language marking 🇵🇭, Awesome Austronesia 👏👏
Let me guess, minahassan?
@@islandvibez no, i'm Sangir, northside Minahasa
@@rockybinambuni4272 🙌🏽
@@rockybinambuni4272 I'm curious, would Tagalog be mutually intelligible to a sangirese speaker? 😁
@@islandvibez i think not, Sangir grammar is more Influenced by the malay language, although we have several same words
Norsemen: you know, we are a people of great sailors, we travelled for all the Mediterranen Sea and most of the Atlantic, we contributed to found England and Russia, and we even set foot on a new continent!
Austronesian people: hold my beer.
@Valerio Gnudi more like we’ve settled every inhabitable island on the largest continent on Earth, the Pacific ocean way way way before they even ventured out on their ships
*hold my tuak*
Hold my coconut milk, mfs!
sea nomads
congratulations!you are the first one to make a video on austronesian language dispersion!greetings for the effort and courage considering the complexity of this family
Thank you :)
Finally a Austronesian video that tackles the variety of Philippine languages. Proud to be one 🇵🇭
Cebuano?
Bicolano/ Ilocano mixed hereeee
I guess I am Tagalog/Kapampangan but I don't understand Kapampangan at all
@@JcDizon are you mixed tagalog, kapampangan, and colonial-era hokkien chinese? throughout the years in your comments before, it sounds like ur an old descendant of mestizo de sangley mixed with native tagalog and kapampangan that went to canada? right?
@@xXxSkyViperxXx Well pretty much, my dad is from Pampanga that speaks Kapampangan and identify as such and my mom is from the rural part of Bulacan and they have a Tagalog surname. I probably even have Spanish or maybe even Japanese in my paternal ancestry from centuries ago, who knows. I guess I am similar to Jose Rizal in ancestry.
It's actualy surprising that languages of somebody living in Madagascar and an island in the middle of the Pasific descended from a language in China and they have nothing to do with current Chinese languages.
Han Chinese weren't there when the Austronesian speakers lived there. They came a little after
austronesians aren't chinese, chinese just conquered ancient south china area where their ancient baiyue homeland was. human civilization throughout the millennia has always been about pushing the other people to go to the next part of the map
Genetically, about 700m han chinese in sino-tibet group.150m han chinese belongs to Austronesian gene group. even 22m han chinese have turkey gene.
@sackrifayce ma own lyfe 4 packistan in the grand scheme of things, we are all humans from africa. austronesian family is just probably under austric superfamily that is probably another cousin to sino-tibetan family, and then blablabla everyone is but cousins from whichever tree line back to africa
Austronesian is not Chinese
Map scale is too small, making more information become missed.
If you can't colonise Australia there is still Madascar
France
Malagasy and French official language Madagascar
@@matvei1519 although French is an official language, it's still a minority of our population that can actually speak fluently in French (around 16%).
And French Polynesia :( Reo Tahiti is dying out with more and more youths speaking Francaise, their colonizers language. >:(
@@islandvibez well the entire Australia and New Zealand speak the coloniser langage
@@islandvibez yet they are independent
i think you should improve the resolution.
Ikr
I will love one about sino-tibetan languages
Difficult object. Great challenge for the future. I will try it
@BaRaN6161_TURK Thank you
The branching structure of said family is way more debated than that of Austronesian. Unless modeling the video upon some particular (questionable) proposed family tree, you would have to show semi-simultaneous splits into multiple subfamilies (Karen, Meithei, Naga...).
@@CostasMelas The Dragon Historian already attempted it here: th-cam.com/video/zDiCqMgTm1Y/w-d-xo.html you can just follow some of it. he missed some stuff like for example, the overseas chinese communities in southeast asia, he did not color enough with a striped shade. he just colored around singapore, but all of southeast asia has overseas chinese communities hidden amongst the native communities. just follow this map: slideplayer.com/slide/14552921/90/images/29/Economic+Opportunities.jpg
Also, the picture is wrong about it starting only in late 1800s. philippines manila binondo chinatown parian already had chinese traders and migrants ever since tang dynasty times but sparse with occassional porcelain chinaware and pottery trading and only concrete evidence of mass migration waves with an actual illustration happen around 1590 when Boxer Codex has an actual illustration of Sangley chinese in Manila during that time, plus Boxer Codex itself was illustrated by an anonymous chinese artist who labeled all of the illustrations in chinese, but the writer was a spaniard. more info on other overseas chinese, you can check on overseas chinese wiki page and their other more specific wiki pages and sources they use in wikipedia.
I'm aboriginal from NT Australia me and my people still speak our language and our language is not mixed up or related to any other languages we speak it fluently it's been like that for thousands of years
Cool. Too bad they honoured the evil Darwin with a city somewhere in the north of Australia. He wanted all non-Europeans to be killed, as I prove in my series on atheism's history.
What kind of language, related to Austronesian?
@@mohdazmi10 no although some aboriginal languages in the northern territories of Australia were influenced by Makaasar sailors.
What about the numbers 1 - 10 ?
@@mohdazmi10 Aboriginal Australian came from india.
**Lima intensifies**
*Lima gang* 5️⃣5️⃣5️⃣🖐🗿🖐5️⃣5️⃣5️⃣
Lima Gang.
Lima 5️⃣5️⃣5️⃣
55555 lima shoutout Indonesia lol
Nice video, it really makes me want to learn about the Austronesian culture ! I'm going to find a good book as soon as possible.
They should teach about our Austronesian ancestors in schools (like in Indonesia, Malaysia ,Philippines, Madagascar, Hawaii, Taiwan, Samoa, New zealand, Brunei, Fiji, Tuvalu, Tahiti... etc)
I was a schoolkid in the Philippines during the mid 90's and they taught to us that we descended from Malays and Indonesians instead of Austronesians from Taiwan.
in Madagascar, the Malagasy language is the official language and taught in schools
The white man can't even begin to comprehend the complexity of the Austronesian migration. The outdated theories like the out of Indonesia (which gave rise to the archaic 'malay race') is a solid example of this. Tbh, the studies revolving around the Austronesian is still rapidly evolving and changing, even to this day.
Lol fijians are taught that we come from Africa, specifically Tanganyika. Even though it's known white missionaries made it up, it doesn't stop older generations from spreading it as "fact". It's super irritating when you try to educate them and rebuttal with "this is taught to us by our forefathers. I know more than you". Like Bish, time does not give you wisdom............third grade dropout ape...
@@JcDizon if remember correctly they teach use negrito comes first then indones and malay
Jarai language is similarities to Indonesia Aku =kâo. Orang=arang Kayu =kyâo. Mata=mata or mota. Air=ai. Ular= ala. pohon =phun. Tuak =tuak. Emas=mah. Merak = mrak or amrā. Manusia=monuih. Tanah =tonah or ladang. Angin =angin. Hujan =hjan. Bulan =blan. Tahun= thun. Hari =hrơi. Tangan=tangan or tongan. Kaki =tơkai Kuku =tokau. Jalan =jalan or jolan. Buah =boh. Batu =potau or boh tâo. Tali =tơlơi or Kloi. Babi= bơbui. Libu =rmô. Kerbau= kbao. Rusa =ksa. Api =apui. Terong =trong. Ini=ini or anai. Hidup=hdip. Anak= anā. Malam= mlam mot. Tahun=thun. Turun = trun. Dapur =dapur or kpur. Ikan=ikan or akan,kan. Danau = dơnau. Palau=palao. Hitam =tam. Putih =tih. Bilang =biblang or pơblang. Bohlehlah =bohdlehlah or dleh dlan. Gleh glan. Jiwa = pran jua. Hati = ai tie Ayam =adjam manū. Bunga = bơnga. Kutu =kutu or kơtau. Muda =moda. Rambut =buk or amū. Telinga =tơnga or tongia , kia. Merah= mrah or miah. Pernah =bơnah. Hanya =hanyơh or hnun yoh. Setengah hari = tongkah hrơi. Kulit=klit or klī. Kita= bingta or ta.
Is that Jarai people from Highland Vietnam?
May God protect all the Chamic peoples in occupied Champa!
Awesome video, this helps me with a certain alternate Earth worldbuilding project I do with a Pacific ocean focus. :)
I'd love to see Austroasiatic and Tai-Kaidai someday as well :)
Thank you
We adore north Europeans like you
I'd love to see Austroasiatic too. It might have been more widespread before the spread of Austronesian, Tai-Kadai, Tibeto-Burman in Southeast Asia and Indo-Aryan in India.
Please take a look at the Visayan pirates of the Philippines whose sea raids with their karakoa (outrigger warships) reached up to the Fujian Coast of China. The Spanish called them "pintados" when they first landed on Sugbu (old Cebu, where Magellan would eventually die in Mactan island) because they were covered with tattoos from head to feet.
LOVE FROM INDONESIA TO MY AUSTRONESIAN/MELANESIAN COUNTRIES :))
How simillar are we?
Indonesia language and Javanese (one of Indonesia local language)
1 : satu (esa)
2 : dua
3 : tiga (javanese: telu)
4 : empat
5 : lima
6 : enam
7 : tujuh (javanese: pitu)
8 : delapan (javanese: wolu)
9 : sembilan
10 : sepuluh
I : aku
You : kamu/kau (javanese: kowe)
She/he: dia
Sky : langit
Child : anak
Eyes : mata
Face : muka
Island : pulau
Way/road : jalan (javanese: dalan)
Rice: beras
Stingray: pari
Love from India
why u type all caps
How do you say Heaven and Stars
@@kagar3465 heaven = Surga ,Star = Bintang
So as filipino hahaha (with cebuano)
1- isa (cebuano-usa)
2- dalawa (cebuano-duha)
3- tatlo (cebuano-tulo)
4- apat (cebuano-upat)
5- Lima (cebuano-lima) #LIMAGANG
6- anim (cebuano-unom)
7- pito (cebuano-pito)
8- walo (cebuano-walo)
9- siyam (cebuano-siyam)
10- sampu (cebuano-napulo)
I- ako (cebuano-ako/aku)
You- kayo (cebuano-kamu)
he/she- siya (cebuano-siya)
Sky- langit (cebuano-langit)
Child- Anak (cebuano-anak)
Eyes- Mata (cebuano-mata)
Face- mukha (cebuano-nawong/muka)
Island- isla/pulo (cebuano-isla/pulo)
Way- Daan (cebuano-dalan)
Rice (uncooked)- bigas (cebuano-bugas)
Stingray - pagi
Bonus words hahha
Pig- Baboy
Sit on the lap- kandong
Rambutan- Rambutan
Mango- Mangga
Ear- Tainga
In conclusion, both are lima gang members 😂
I've been waiting for you to redo this one!
Finally, A video I suggested
I listen to your suggestions :)
Really good suggestion
I read a bit up about the dispersal of Austronesian, but it was very hard to visualize. Thank you for this video, I'm sure a lot of work went into it! :)
Thanks. Indeed, it was one of the most difficult works I have ever done
I suggest you watch on youtube about "Nanman: the Lost Tribe of South China DOCUMENTARY" and "Austronesians (Taiwan Nusantara Melanesia Polynesia Micronesia Madagascar Champa)"
Rest In Peace Champa...rest in peace
Champa is vietnam
The Cham people still live
@@repetitiveexistentialism3967 I was referring to their sovereignty not ethnicity
@@dragon_nite1836 just saying that they still live on
@@repetitiveexistentialism3967 wanted to say no schalchshiffe Sherlock Watson Dr house who of course acehnese Chamic branch flees Champa from wahr they got eu same as sundanese iirc
The largest language family-related, span from Africa to South America. Austronesian Familoves.
This guy's videos are amazing!Love his videos!
Thank you very much
Oo a new Kostas linguistics vid :)
Ive had an identical reaction :)
Good job on this, I've been waiting for an Austronesian languages every year video for a while now.
Thank you
Great video as always
I would love to see one on the sino-tibetan languages, or some language family from the Americas
Thank you
great Imię i Nazwisko :-D and of course that clip as well
@Gurnaj Virk the Mayan language is quite easy to descibe o think, ot is quite new branch, but tracking it from the roots and show its diversity can be interesting; where it came from? north america bezpośrednio? or from north, through the central andsouth america? heh, maybe i thought wrong :-D maybe it is not easy to blablabla..
We are waiting for sino tibetian languages
Very difficult, but I will try in the future
@@CostasMelas Please do sino tibettan languages as well as chinese dialect evolution
@@CostasMelas you will have to do the branches like you did for Austronesian. Here are the ones that are described (in order of most to least divergent): Sinitic (include Chinese dialects), Karenic, Kuki-Chin, Naga, Sal, Tani-Digarish, Himalayish, Nungish, Bodic (include Tibetan), Na-Qiangic, and Lolo-Burmese (includes Burmish and Loloish, include Burmese). There are many variations and competing theories for how they are related, but sinitic is almost always acknowledged as the most divergent. It is possible that the family developed in the yellow river valley or near the border with Myanmar. It is for you to decide.
@@captainch6182 You cannot divide Tibeto-Bruman languages to be so many small languages, while treating Sinitic languages as simply one language. Mandarin and Cantonese, Wu, Hokkien, those Chinese languages are very different and not intelligible at all. And even Wu or Cantonese can be split to several languages, like Min languages.
@@shanghainesetv3992 I know, that’s why I said that he should include the main groupings of Chinese dialects. Trust me, I know that there are many dialects of Chinese. Besides that, Tibeto-Burman is where most of the diversity is anyways, so that is the group that gets the most justice.
Imagine that 800 years ago that New Zealand was the last humanly habitable place in the world which never had a human step foot in it. No wonder why they used it as the set for _Lord of the Rings_ .
Austronesian survived in South China (Fujian) to at most 500, i'm sad it wasn't shown.
I do appreciate that you tried to represent the early (not to mention the first ever) rice-farming cultures near the Yellow Sea as Austronesian, since it is likely that Austronesians did live there, only to pass on rice farming to later Japonic, Koreanic and Sinitic peoples who occupied the area, but the 100% Austronesian sites stop at around Jiangsu, so that still remains contentious
I do understand the Northwest Sumatra Barrier Island languages currently have an unclear position within MP, but i was really hoping to see Enggano pop up as a tab of its own
Really happy to see this video though!
@Hurray yes
No, Austronesians in Mainland China began to evolve into Kra-Dai speakers, mixing with inland Austroasiatic-Hmong speakers. Fujian region was probably mostly Austroasiatic (Min) by 500 AD. Possibly Kra-Dai speaking tribes preserved many Austronesian customs, according to Chinese records on Wu (Old Chinese: Ngwaa) and Yue (Old Chinese: Gwat) peoples. While Wu and Yue eventually assimilated into Sinosphere culture, Yue tribes continued to live in Zhejiang until much later. The Yue state was also known for superb sailing technology, the only Sinosphere state with a navy which it used to attack the nothern state of Qi in modern Shandong.
Early Austronesians might have spread rice farming to southern Korea and Japan, but rice farming probably originated with Austroasiatic-Hmong people in mid-Yangtze region. It is possible that Korean and Japanese rice farming came directly from the mid-Yangtze culture.
If Shangshan did indeed have the world's oldest cultivated rice then it was most likely Austronesians who originated rice farming
Enggano too tiny to pop up 😁
Northwestern Sumatera and The Barrier Islands :
Gayo
Batak
Simeulue
Nias
Mentawai
I wonder why their languages didn't spread up north towards the Ryukyu Islands, Japan and Korea. If that happened, maybe they could travel even further from Japan to Alaska through the Kuriles and Aleutian Islands (they were able to sail all the way from Borneo to Madagascar, so why not?)
Because those dudes didn't want to.
The Japanese island's climate is different compared to Ryukyu, Formosa, or the Philippines since it's way more subtropical than tropical in those islands. Seems like they were more likely to colonize only the tropical islands, and yes Madagascar is quite a similar climate to Borneo.
Because we are tired
Ask our dead ancestors 😂
Not sure if Austronesians would settle on those lands since it's pretty cold and they would have to adopt a new lifestyle. But then again, New Zealand could get pretty cold during winter and the Polynesians settled there.
Great job as always :)
Thank you
Wow! You do such a good job at these! Keep it up, I always love the videos!
Thank you very much
Good video Kostas bravoo👏👏
Thank you :)
Amazing video as always man!
Hope everything is okay with you and the earthquake didn't affect you or your loved ones!
Should redirect your kind words also to the people of Ismir , who were the most affected .
@@christermi it is for everyone, of course. But i wanted to say that knowing that he is greek
@@razvanalbu2104 ik bro , been an active subscriber here in the channel . My condolences to all the people who have suffered .
Thank you. Yes I'm okay, I live a little far from Samos and i felt it very little. Earthquakes although common in Greece it is a frightening phenomenon
Nice topic, awesome video.
Thank you :)
Very beautiful video!
Thank you
Wow, I didn't know all these languages, good video!
Thank you
I'm proud that our ancestors reach until the Madagascar. Prove that their sailing knowledge and technology was really good that time.
please make a history of the Kartvelian language family, taking into account all dialects and adverbs.
I hope there's a Standard Austronesian Language, so that roughly 400 million NATIVE speakers speak it, and 2nd Language speakers are maybe higher. Thus out ranking Spanish.
Yeah I don't see how that would be possible something like that just doesn't organically happen. Maybe if Indonesia manages to somehow become super wealthy and then Indonesian or whatever becomes the regional langua franca.
@@guppy719
Indonesian & Malaysian can already converse with each other effectively if they stick to standard register (Bahasa Baku) of their respective national language.
But if both resort to each _slang_ or informal main local dialect, then it would be hard.
a lingua franca of a language family is hard to make, it is doable but synonyms are the problems, one concept usually has synonyms across the sub group so to learn this lingua franca, a speaker needs to learn proto austronesian fully first before speaking it. same thing with modern standard arabic as dialect continuum lingua franca, sino tibetan or sinitic topolects are also challenging.
I think you should also do a video on the Formosan languages, showing just Taiwan so that the map can fit all the detail
You should consider doing Uto Aztecan and/or Na dene, they are both territorially extensive language families in North America)
You can find video about Uto-Aztecan languages on my channel.
History of the Dravidian languages please!
Thanks for making good videos !!!!! .
You're welcome :)
Dude... this is literally exactly what I needed what the hell...
I'm glad you liked it
@@CostasMelas I was literally looking for a video like this yesterday and couldn’t find any and then I just saw this on my subscribed list this morning and I was like how? did you read my mind!
Strange to think that Taiwan - which is now associated mostly with Chinese-speakers - is the homeland of this huge language family.
If the Han people did not fled to formosa island, then it would definitely never be "TAIWAN" and the indigenous people of formosa would establish their own nation(country) by mentaining austronesian heritage, culture and language. MANDARIN would never be dominant language in that island for sure.
Formosa is portuguese word
Taiwan is actually a Siraya / Taivoan word. people would just not think today in modern times that the word "Taiwan" is chinese, but actually an austronesian word. Also, taiwan is likely not the last austronesian homeland. it is just the last that survives. austronesian like in the video likely came from the continent in fujian province area, which is where Austro-Tai split off must've been. the ones who went to taiwan became austronesian groups. the ones that stayed on the continent became Tai-Kra groups and moved westwards.
@@xXxSkyViperxXx Well, I find it quite self-evident that Austronesians came ultimately from southern "Chinese" coast, it's obvious no need to tell me it, logically they couldn't have grown out of earth.
As far as I'm aware the linking of Tai-Kradai languages and Austronesian ones are still not widely agreed upon among scholars. Perhaps the most important link is the similarity of numbers in Kra-Dai Hlai language to proto-Austronesian ones (other Kra-Dai languages, if I remember well, have borrowed their numbers mainly from Chinese before they were recorded).
@@mareksagrak9527 the Austro-Tai proposal has good standing among scholars, especially the big scholars for Austronesian like Blust and many other scholars for other families that have incorporated the idea in their proposals as well. Soon after some years or so, it will likely be canonized. Tai-Kra family are basically the ones that got tones as they stayed in the continent with the other families that also got tones. They chopped up their roots in favor of the last syllables as monosyllable words, whereas their distant Austronesian cousins that became sea-faring islanders maintained their disyllabic or multisyllabic roots and didnt attain tones as much besides a rare few. Genetic studies also supports this as much of the Austronesian speakers and Tai-Kra speakers have the O1a haplogroup in their Y-chromosome DNA among men, after filtering across other assimilated peoples that also speak languages from these families. Something to ponder about with words as well. The reconstructed word for "fire" in all the major language families of East and Southeast Asia end up having very similar-sounding words.
If that's the case, I cannot believed that my native language Chamorro is older than each of the different Philippine languages such as Tagalog and Indonesian language.
I was going to correct you on Oceanic languages, but I see you actually got it right, with them coming to Micronesia from Kiribati and Melanesia instead of from the west. It's one of the interesting "who would have thought" facts about languages. Sorry for jumping to conclusions, and good job!
Thank you :)
Suggestion: English accents in America and their evolution.
Western Malayo-Polynesian would deserve a separate video! :)
(At the same time I really like the colour shades of the Oceanic branch... :) )
Thanks for this great job!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Thank you :)
You should make this again but zoom in on the Indonesian/Malay/Philippino archiepalgo for better detail
it turns out that sundanese 🇮🇩 are still in the same family as malayic, chamic, i'm a sundanese new to know that
Please do the history of the Sino Tibetan Languages next!!!
Good work
Thank you
oh wow, I wasn't expecting my language to be on here as well.
The map should be displayed from Sumatra to Polynesia. Madagascar is on a separate small map. So that the display becomes bigger.
I wanted it to be shown the actual size of the spread
Most other language families like Semitic, Uralic, or Indo-European seem to have seismic shifts in territory. With Austronesian, we still see that to some extent on the mainlands and larger islands, but on the smaller islands it seems like once a language is entrenched it becomes very difficult to upset it. Makes me wonder if this is a general pattern in the spread of languages. Would we expect a similar pattern to exist in hypothetical worlds, like Ursula LeGuin's Earthsea?
well they are on a island and if you look at animal Island habitats tend to be less competitive i think the same idea applies here less other people to replaces the native people
and when outsider is came in like invasive animals they caused extinction of the native population
Great video costas!
Thank you :)
Languages originating in China include: Sino-Tibetan, Hmong-Mien, Austronesian, Austroasiatic, Kra-Dai, Turkic, Mongolian, Japanese, Korean, Tungusic
Many of the more remote islands had never had human contact before the Polynesians arrived. I would have loved to have seen what existed there, especially Hawaii or New Zealand. I also wonder if Madagascar had ever had people before. If not, it might have been the most fanciful place of all. So many creatures lost to the mists of time.
New Zealand used to have a giant flightless bird called Moa and a large eagle called Haast's eagle. They disappeared when humans (Polynesians) arrived. Madagascar too had a giant flightless bird called elephant bird that may have disappeared because of humans arriving.
Look how diverse Indonesia 🇮🇩 #unityindiversity
Would you do one of the Elamite AND Dravidian Languages??
I would love to make them. According to a theory these groups may have been connected
Yes, that's the Elamo Dravidian theory. It might be possible as some linguists say it is. It consists of the Elamite,Lulubean,Harappan and Dravidian languages.
@Costas Melas plz try to do it in future,we will wait for that....
south arabian-elamite-brahui-dravidian is also connected to andamanese-onge-negrito-melanesian-australian aboroginal
Yes but in a far scale. And if in near scale so it is Sprachbund
now that i think about it, comparing with other videos of language families in asia. the austronesian family is spreading a bit too fast on the BC times and leaving a bit of a time hole on the southeastern coasts of china where it could've been more around 2000 BC-ish, or in a sort of Proto-Austro-Tai form
Go to Australia ❌
Go to madagaskar✅
Wow menarik tengok video ni. Terima kasih kerena buat video ni! 🇲🇾
و مينريڬ تڠوڬ زيديو ني!
تريم ڬسيه ڬرن بوات زيديو ني!
🇲🇾
Broken jawi sikit ni😂😂
@@waffelo4681 alamak, maaf😅
Hello Im from Indonesia 🇮🇩. Salam untuk saudara Malaysia 😊 🇲🇾
هالو سايا داري اندونيسيا، سلام اونتوك سودارا ماليزيا
Nasib aku masih pandai baca jawi
🤣🤣🤣
I'm doing the Hawaii language course on Duolingo as a non-Hawaiian. Glad that they have put an endangered Austronesian language as an option. :) Aloha kakou! :D
Awesome
That language family is very interesting
Hiligaynon, Capiznon and Tagalog only 3 language that i learned since birth
They were Austronesian
Yess finally!!
greeting from kadazan-dusun tribe 🇲🇾 God bless austronesia🙏🙏
1-iso 5-limo 9-siam
2-duo 6-onom 10-hopod
3-tolu 7-turu
4-apat 8-walu
Siji, loro, telu, papat, limo, enem, pitu, wolu, sanga, sepuluh
Tetum, Timor Leste :
1. Ida
2. Rua
3.Tolu
4. Hat
5. Lima
6. Nen
7. Hitu
8. Ualu
9. Sia
10. Sanulu
Tagalog:
Isa
Dalawa
Tatlo
Apat
Lima
Anim
Pito
Walo
Siyam
Sampu
isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam, sampu
Wonosoboan Javanese
0. Êndhol/ndhol
1. Siji/iji/ji
2. Loro/ro
3. Têlu/lu
4. Papat/pat
5. Lima/ma
6. Ênêm/nêm
7. Pitu/tu
8. Wolu/wèlu/lu
9. Sanga/nga
10. Sepuluh/luh
Yes finally 🙂 my request is coming true
In 5:11, the northwestern part of Madagascar were striped because of the arrival of Bantu people and their languages
Fuckin love the background ambient music.
Can you make a zoomed in version on the malay archipelago?
That moment when a small island nation of Taiwan can expand their language far away to madagascar in Africa
Why didn't you include another indo-european languages related to the greek, like dacian and thracian, in the video about the greek language? That would be awesome!
I will make them in a later video
The arrival point in Madagadcar should be on southern east coast(between manakara and mahajaly?), not in north as your video suggests. There's article about it based on the varieties and similarity level with Merina dialect and Ma'anyan language.
Thank you for the additional information
I don't think so they came from the north cause I saw their boat in north west of the country but the villagers hide it because this part is occupied mainly of people from Bantu ancestors which is why they hid it I don't want to tell it exactly where but it's in the north and the name of the boar is Sarimanoak.
Fantastic video
Could you do either the Armenian or Albanian languages so we can finish the Indo-European language and move on to other languages like sino-Tibetan.
Thank you
your welcome
It is a pitty the it does not focus more on the oceanic /southeast Asia area in a bigger map (Magadascar could have fit later in a box)
I thought about it, but I preferred it because I wanted to show the great distances that the language traveled.
Please do history of Hinduism. It was present in most of Asia. (Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia, East Asia and Southeast Asia)
Nice video! Do you think you can do some west and south african languages and even some native american ones too?
Thank you
For me austronesian was evolve to 2 major language and culture group. Malay in the West compose of philippines,malaysia, indonesia and brunei some part of papau and thailand and few land of vietnam and the opposite side, East was evolve to Polynesian,micronesian culture etc.
And the last for me the Madagascar was evolve to Afro-austonesian culture
Why are the rivers shown so aggressively here on these maps?
Austronesians have a thing for sailing on any body of water lol
I'm the native of Javanese language. Our language growing very rapidly when our ancestors assimilated civilizations from India and China in the past.
Bahasa jawa itu bukan bahasa austronesia ,, bahasa jawa itu 90% adalaha bahasa sansekerta bahasa asal india huruf jawa itu juga turunan dari huruf pallava india ,, karna orang jawa itu keturunan keling kalingga tamil india selatan,, baca babat jawa kuno itulah asal usul suku jawa
@@bennisitumorang3766 itu bahasa Kawi, kalo gk tau bedanya mendingan diem, dan bahasa itu secara keseluruhan, bukan dari mana kata serapan paling banyak. Bahasa Inggris banyak kosakata dari bahasa Latin dan bahasa Yunani, tapi tetep diklasifikasikan sebagai rumpun bahasa Jermanik. Terus ada bahasa Jepang dan Korea yang banyak dipengaruhi bahasa-bahasa di Cina (terutama bahasa Mandarin), tapi mereka tetap memiliki rumpun sendiri yaitu Japonik dan Korea. Lagi, bahasa Thai, Vietnam, Lao, Khmer, dsb banyak dipengaruhi bahasa dari Tiongkok dan Hindustan, tapi memiliki rumpun sendiri yaitu Austroasia. Saya pertegas lagi, sutu bahasa diklasifikasikan ke dalam rumpun tertentu bukan karena kata pinjaman atau kata serapan, tapi juga dari bunyi hurufnya, tata bahasanya, kata dasarnya, dan lain sebagainya.
@@Dafa__-xo6gg mana ada bahasa austronesia yang berkasta kasta macam bahasa sansekerta bahasa jawa ,,sebenernya bahasa jawa itu bahasa sansekerta bahasa sama sekali bukan bahasa austronesia
@@bennisitumorang3766 masih ngotot. Dah lah, gaada gunanya debat sama orang kaya situ.
@@Dafa__-xo6gg memang faktanya bahasa jawa itu bukan bahasa austronesia ,, bahasa jawa itu 90% bahasa sansekerta sangat berbeda dengan rumpun bahasa austronesia
Images Huawei and Madagascar have same language family !!!! Amazing
Amazing as always!
do you like Top Tiers??
@@rag0t2010 I don't even know if I watched them, and even if I did, then it as years ago
@@bvthebalkananarchistmapper5642 but would you do a video like a tier list??
Thank you
Seein this animation, I think that some Proto-Austronesian tribes could have gone northwards to the Japanese archipelago via Ryukyu islands. So, when Yayoi peoples arrived, they would find Proto-Austronesian tribes already established.
That makes me think that some peculiarities of the Japanese language and culture even can be due to Proto-Austronesian influence.
Thank you for the information. The Austronesian expansion towards Japan seems very possible, but there aren't enough information and very few theories connect Jomon or Ryukyuan people with Austronesians
As an Indonesian, I found some Japanese that resembles so much like our Malayo-polynesian typical face. Especially if they have a beard and are tanned.
Go look up the Hayato people it's very interesting