“Lau ranu na inu mu” (I’m drinking water) Lau: Me/I Ranu: Water Inu: Drink River: SinaVai Salt Water: Tadi Sea or ocean: Davara Low tide: Komada High Tide: Utu Eye: Mata Hand: Ima Leg: Ae Hair: Hui Lice: Utu Ear: Taia House: Ruma That’s how I speak it in my language (Hiri Motu/Motu. I am a motuan, my village is approx. 20 kilometres outside Port Moresby, South coast of Papua New Guinea 🇵🇬)
We use mata for eyes Tenga for ears Kutu or kuto for lice Inom for drink In Tagalog I see the similar sounding names from your language. Greetings fom Philippines
In Tagalog, wahig means water coming from a fresh water stream. But this word is not known anymore, and i just found this word in my grandfather's century old dictionary. I guess this word is now replaced by bukal or batis. Edit: The dictionary is not the "Vocabulario de la lengua Tagala" the dictionary I have here has no cover, it is handwritten and some words are written in ancient Tagalog script called baybayin, I don't know where it came from, I just found it inside a chest box of my grandfather.
I wonder where Tagalog "ILOG" came... I'm trying to connect it to other Austronesian words for river, but it's elusive...has it something to do with "Iwahig"...both begins with "I"and wahig and Ilog is water or river.
@@rodenreyes6320 , "wahig" in Malay is "bah", with the "ig" deleted, its meaning is related to the overflow of water in a river, the closest and almost similar pronunciation to "wah", to distinguish and isolate (Separatist Network) . "Loji" in Malay means related to storage or water storage/tank (loji air), related to the Tagalog "wahig" and "Ilog". Further research is needed on functional and linguistic unification as well as global or international unification of languages similar to Mandarin and English or larger empires. Segregated networks like the Republic of Singapore are replaced by English and Mandarin, a global presence that values education and economic creation. So, do further research and improvise for a better journey of unity or separation, replacing all ancestors with peaceful solutions instead of war (self-destruction).
@@rodenreyes6320 The word ILOG clearly came from another different word I guess, though it might not be impossible that it's related to WAHIG or any other words for river. Because ILOG is not the only one word for river in Tagalog language. There are "suba", "sapa", "pilapil" and many more.
Fun fact about Sundanese: while "cai" is the regular word for "water", the prefixed form "ci-" seems to preserve the original meaning of "stream, river". "Cikarang" like you mentioned literally means "river of rock/coral". Another example is "Citarum" which means "river of indigo plant".
This is mind blowing! Goes to show how deep the connections Austronesians shared just by words. Now I understand where 'Danumsigwasan' comes from which is the Filipino scientific word for 'Hydraulics'. The 'Danum' part is water and 'sigwasan' is physics. So basically, it is the physics of water!
That's so cool. I love how Austronesian languages make compound words: sigwasan = isig (force) + lawas (body) + -an (locational/reciprocal affix (?)).
It is related to fluid mechanics, which in large part provides its theoretical foundation. Hydraulics deals with such matters as the flow of liquids in pipes, rivers, and channels and their confinement by dams and tanks. Some of its principles apply also to gases, usually in cases in which variations in density are relatively small. Consequently, the scope of hydraulics extends to such mechanical devices as fans and gas turbines and to pneumatic control systems.
As an American English speaker and aspiring linguist, the Austronesian language family has been a beautiful web of languages and cultures to study. This video is amazing!
Makan (eat) = ma (suffix means "to do") + ikan (fish) Minum (drink) = ma + inum (water) Maju (go forward) = ma + aju (go forward) Mundur (go backward) = ma + undur (go backward)
The -kan in makan is derived from the Proto-Austronesian Kaən. similar to Javanese, their word for eat is Mangan but the root word is Pangan ←pang + kan. Kuman ( kan + -um- infix ) in Minahasa languages Kaan/ Mongaan in Mongondow language.
@@ANTSEMUT1 "mino" is used especially in western and southern Madagascar, but not by the Merina people, whereas "ako" or "aako" is used by the Merina people. In official Malagasy it is "aho"
@@randriaH ooooh ok, I've noticed that at least the southern dialect especially holds on to more archaic vocabulary and by extension more recognisable austronesian cognates.
In Toba Batak the word 'I' is ahu (for written language), but we usually say 'au'. water is aek (other sub, Batak like Simalungun, they say 'bah' and for Pak-pak they say 'lau'. But the word of 'aek' is understable for kinds of Batak.
In Yapese (Micronesia) water is Ræn, and to drink is Unum. I think it’s funny that when we say to drink water, we’re basically saying water water-if my understanding of the video is correct. 😂
As a fellow Penangite, I'm very glad to have stumbled upon your channel. I've always been fascinated by the Austronesian languages, especially how far and wide they have spread across the Indo-Pacific. But unlike Indo-European, resources for Austronesian have been lacking. I'm glad you're sharing with us your expertise!
I have to admit, this channel is different. Others mainly go on general topics rather than focused on one like this one. It allows us to go deeper. One suggestion if I may, please add more visual illustration so we could have a better grasp and memorize the topic better. And one request if I may, please make a video about directions in Austronesian. Like, in Malay, why northeast is "Timur laut" (literally "East" "sea"), Northwest is "barat laut" (literally "West" "sea"), etc. I'm sure this phenomenon isn't unique to Malay
In old Tagalog, the word for northwest is "balaklaot" (spelled as "balaclaot" in Spanish-era dictionaries). But nowadays we only use "hilagang kanluran" (lit. north west). Other obsolete terms for directions in Tagalog are "salatan" for southwest and "sabalas/sablas" for northeast.
@@mochardiansah7452 likely a rewording for Balik Laot...meaning returning to the sea. Laot is also archaic word for sea. In Ilocano it means both the sea and the west since the Language is spoken in Northwestern Luzon.
A Quora thread has an answer that mention there is 'wahir' remnant in Javanese. The word 'wedang' (hot beverage) comes from words 'we' and 'dang'. 'dang' means to serve while 'we' - you guess it - means water. The answer cites a book by Bernd Nothofer, The Reconstruction of Proto-Malayo Javanic, in case you want to check it.
In Basa Maguindanao, Minum akuORsaki sa aig/ig(I drink water), Minum(drink), saki(I) Aig/Ig(water). Udang(shrimp), Pēgu(take a bath), mamanao/bamanao(to wash/rinse), lēmpai/lūmampai(overflow/flood), lagat/laut(sea/ocean), lanao/danao(lake), bituun/bintang bērikor/bērasab(Comet) Piring(saucer). It’s so nice to hear other language connection and similar words being discussed in this way
Thank you! You are the first person who has made Austronesian historical linguistics as interesting to me as Indo-European historical linguistics :) I'm binging your videos at the moment. (Native Danish speaker, pure Danish roots, only been outside of Europe once.)
Javanese have some words for water: - er, air (found in some old literatures) - banyu - toya - warih (close to waih or wai) - tirta "ranu" as you said to be "water" in Malagassy, in Javanese "ranu" means "small lake"
In Old Javanese: • Water = wway, wwe, we • Lake/ pond = ranu The word "water" is pronounced almost the same as the word "day". Day in Old Javanese is wai/ we. But they are came from different words: • Water = *waHiR > wai/ wway > we • Day = *waRi > wai > we
@@sanhikuni It's amazing..! As a Javanese myself, I just realized that "we" really means "water" as well in Javanese. That's why, in Java we call "hot drink" as "wedang". It comes from words "we = water" and "dang = boil/steam" Thanks so much! 👍
@@1nadjmi1 Yes, ranu means lake/ pond, but in Old Javanese lakes also called "talaga" (tlaga/ telaga in Modern Javanese), derived from Sanskrit word "taḍaka"
In Bicolano like everyone in the Philippines we say "tubig" for water but when we use "tamongot" (angry register) we call water "katbag" so in normal Bicolano we'd say inomon mo an tubig (drink the water) using "tamongot" ti'labon mo na an katbag (drink the water)
Very interesting, In PNG (Rigo Language) - Wai: River/Sea/Ocean - Vai: Rinse with water - Nanu: Water - Niu: Drink - Au: Me - Gaku: Mine Can see some similarities here.💯
@@EsUzasi Micronesia is basically populated by descendants of the original people (ancestors of most Melanesians) and the settlers (Austronesians). The only exception are the CHamoru of the Mariana Islands, who have no Melanesian blood (but closely related to the first Austronesians of SEA). We are all siblings, but Melanesians are the eldest.
In Javanese: "we-edang",is expression of hot water . "We" or way means : water and Edang means boiled. So boiled water in Javanese is "wedang".. While in Sumatra especially Lampung "wey" or "way" means river. While word of lake in Java and Sumatra is : danau, Danu, Ranau ,Ranu.
This is interesting, as a native Bisaya speaker whenever I saw or heard Hawaiian I felt like they were just speaking the same language but cutting off certain words, and this is when I didn't realize there was as Austronesian connection or even knew what that was
New Zealand : -Waikato -Waiheke -Waitomo -Waitangi Hawai : -Waikiki -Waipahu Papua, Indonesia -Waisai -Waigeo Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia -Wairebo -Waikabubak
yeah, the author did say in one of his videos that in many austronesian groups, unlike in the western languages, the verb is mentioned first in the sentence instead of the subject.
6:30 in Sarawakian Malay we used Aek for water as well. For Bah, we usually say it's for rising tide. But we will only say Aek bah to refer to the rising tide.
Bahaa Indonesia doesn't exist. it's just Malay, you just don't wanna called it that way. Ranau literally mean the same thing in Malay so it's not exclusively Indonesia
Wway ꦮ꧀ꦮꦻ in Old Javanese means "water". It retains in wé part of "wédang" ꦮꦺꦢꦁ (boiled water containing herbs). Yéh ᬬᬾᬄ in Balinese also means "stream" and "river". And so do tukad ᬢᬸᬓᬤ᭄ and toya ᬢᭀᬬ. But, as far as I know, tukad can't be used for "water". Cai ᮎᮄ in Sundanese cognates with cair in Malay. And "bah" in one group in Batak tribes cognates with flashflood or big flood in Malay too. Danau perhaps was descended from *DaNum. And that *num part in *inum and *DaNum sounds interesting. Perhaps "ranum" in Malay may come from *DaNum also?
big flood in Sundanese is "caah", the consonant b in Malay becoming c in Sundanese, like "beringin" becomes "caringin" (Banyan Tree), in Old Sundanese, trunk is "catang" (Malay: batang).
no Cai is not cognate with cair, because there is no word for liquid (Adj.) in proto austronesian, and when i see to wiktionary cair related term is air which could mean that cair itself come from the word air (though idk), other than that there is other sundanese word that has "c/nc" in the word where it would otherwise be "b/w" in malay, Sanca=sawa, Catang=Batang, Ca'ah=Bah
The relationship of a word in Austronesian languages is really interesting! It is full of unexpected etymology. By the way, I wonder why Modern Malay tends to use SVO arrangement compared to VSO which is kinda commonly used in classical Malay literature and other Austronesian languages as in the video? Thank you so much for creating this channel. Wishing you all the best for your future videos.
Austroasiatic influence. There are a number of Malay words that are inline with Khmer. Javanese, Balinese, Sundanese, melayu Peninsular and parts of Borneo and Sumatra and Sulawesi linger ancient Austroasiatic genes (Sundaland) Before the assimilations by Austronesians. Can check DNA videos yourself
14:57 River in Tagalog is Ilog. This is where the Tagalog people got its name as they were known to reside by the rivers and were called 'Taga Ilog' which means river people or people living by the river. This eventually evolved to what we know today as "Tagalog" haha. From "Taga Ilog" to "Tagalog"
Specifically, this must be Pasig River, because civilization grew around other rivers in Philippines but they were not called "TAGA-ILOG". Tagalog region people may have dispersed around Manila/Pasig River area.
so basically, the words we use now evolved from where we source it or how we consume it like using a ladle. then over time, simplification to hasten communication by shortening syllables has helped mutate the words. also, the original pronunciation has been affected by preferred sounds, pronunciation and culture itself.
Funny, "banaw" in Cebuano can mean "spill over" and mostly used with any liquid. It can also mean "flooding" or a "flood". All still are connected to water.
Verb" inom" in Filipino means drink, as a root word. " umiinom" means the person is drinking present tense. Modern Tagalog speakers, still use root word inom, informally. As a short cut of umiinom word. Let's compare: Inom to inu ( Hawaiian), to minum (Malay). Words sounds like each other. If I change order of subject-predicate in Tagalog sentence (grammatically incorrect in modern Tagalog) Just to follow the Malay pattern: Tagalog: Ako, inom ng tubig. Malay: aku, minum air. (similarity is undeniable) With similar pattern Hawaiian & Tagalog subject - predicate order: Tagalog: inom ako ng tubig Hawaiian: inu au ka wai ( similarity is found. We modern Tagalog speakers use that exact sentence, where inom, shortened version is used)
@@Emsyaz i wish I know the answer. I guess Tagalogs created their own word for water. But the " ako" to " aku" in malay and Inom and " minum" is similar 😊
2 opinions. "TUBIG" may have come from "tubir"(cliff) because of clean water from spring from a high source... "TUBIG", from VAIG, WAIG, WAI, VAI,etc...sort of like (TU)VAIG...
is there any relation between the word 'danau' (lake) with *daNum? In Indonesia the malay word 'tasik' is less popular. Also I remember the Balinese have a water goddess named Dewi Danu, said to reside in Lake Batur, the biggest lake in Bali. Perhaps her name is also related to *daNum?
it's really interesting while in Jawa a Lake or water pond are called "Ranu", i believe it's old language, while newer version are "banyu" - drinking water, and in Bahasa Indonesia a lake is "Danau"
in very Low level or Rude Sundanese, there is the word "ngowér" which means "to pee" (Formal Sundanese: ki'ih, High Sundanese: kahampangan), and I believe the root word is "owér" or "wér" plus the prefix "ng-", and maybe "wér" is related to *waHiR.
Wai in leo Hawai'i is pronounced vai, river is kahawai or mulivai. Wahi means place. Lau means leaf it can also mean page, or it can mean many. 'ai means food, or eat. Fanau means children in Sāmoan amd in Hawaiian its hanau. Sea is kai but the open sea is moana. And sea water is also kai. But one thing, is that in old Hawaiian t and k are interchangeable in certain dialects, especially in niihau, and others only t is used instead of k especially in vheifly talk and with certain chants. But i love that you pronounced Hawaiian words perfectly. Most people do not! In Sāmoan wahi is changed to fasi which also means place
In kedah Malay variety Lapaq ayaq =thirsty Makan ayaq =drink water. Old people Say makan for drink but now people Say minun because johor-riau Malay influence.
I've got mind blown when you said "udang" and "uhang". I'm from the Philippines and we have "umang"(hermit crab) and "uang"(beetle), maybe in our dialect.
Nuang in ilocano means buffalo or carabao Udang is freshwater shrimp Pasayan is the brookewater shrimp Kappi is freshwater crab Umang is the shellcrab/hermit Arimbuken is seacrab
In Indonesia Lampung way = air Rejang lebong bengkulu Bio (biyau) = air Sunda ci = (water/river) Curug = air terjun (water fall) Melayu (kepulauan riau) sei = sungai/river Jawa/javanes Ranu = danau/lake (volcanic lake) I think as nation/tribe who was live as sea men, the malay Australian have a specific name for every form of water, just like inuit Eskimo who has 50 word for snow or arab who has many word to describe camel...
Fa'a-lano means to wash with freshwater in the Samoan language. Actually this word is only used to refer to washing of seawater from your body. That's the only link I can find with the word "Rano".
If you go to Western Philippines like Palawan Islands and further down South to Sulu Archipelago you will find several words sounds/similar to Bahasa Malay. To name a few: Indigenous Palawan: Benar(True) Danum(Water) Karaja(Work/Job) Jama Mapun/Bajau Kegayan: Buat/Buatan(Work/Job/Product) Boheh(Water) Air(Water for ablution) Lanau(Stream) Song(River) Masi(Still) Separti/Sepantun(As usual/Same as) Jatah(Above) Bau(Smell) Lumah(House) Nginum(Drink) Aku(I) Kau(You) Manis(Sweet) Badjuh(Clothes) Awan(Sky) Langit(Sky/Heaven) Tuhan(God) Karetah(Car)
In Kawi (old Javanese) is very similar too. Uminum ta aku ikang we/har/hèr I drink the water Angaras kami apuy/agnī/latu We touch the fire. Old Javanese has so many synonyms, so actually there are words I have mentioned above.
I noticed that "ig" in Tagalog has connotations of water - tubig (water), igib (to draw water), pasig (sandy riverbank or a river nearing the sea). It be related to wahig or vahig.
"wahig or vahig" removing ig and in Malay is "bah" and is related to overflow of water from the river. Interesting Malay in a very strong connection if further research. However, we also feature alikes and mostly look alike Obama USA, Joko indon, Marcos filipina etc globally.
You know, the quarry hill on Easter Island is called Rano Raraku. There is a rain-fed lake on top, one of the only water sources for the island. So could be the word rano also made it all the way east?
Super interesting! Have you looked into the Minahasan dialect and it's similarities to Tagalog? Since we are near Davao there tends to be alot of overlap in the way both peoples speak
Javanese mataku eyes. In Fijian my eyes matanngu or mataku depending on which dialect you speak. Mataku my eyes, matamu your eyes, matana his/her eyes, matadra their eyes.
I am so impressed! we are all releated in one big family from the westernmost Madagascar until the easternmost Rapa Nui and it's truly a wholesome fact. Love your cool accent too bro!
So from ‘Wahig’ it got shortened to ‘Ig’. Willing to learn Maranao and Maguindanao here. I’m very interested to the heavy influence of hindubuddhism to the ethnolinguisitc groups in Mindanao before Islam came.
In Bisaya, Inom ko tubig (I drink water). Inom - drink, ko - ako or i, tubig - water. Uwang or ulang - shrimp, toyo- soy sauce, ligo - take a bath, banlaw- to wash/rinse, banaw - overflow/flood, dagat - sea, also banyo for restroom. It’s so nice to hear my language being discussed in this way. I’m only now learning the extent of how connected the Austronesian languages are & i appreciate so much your treatment of this subject. Thank you sir.
In the languages I speak, for water Motu: Ranu Balawaia: Nanu Both generally refer to rivers, creeks as vai or wai depending on the dialect. Motu ‘drink’ is inu. Balawaia to drink is ginu (guttural sound for ‘g’).
In southern part of Mindanao particularly maranao, water is 'ig' and i also observed similarities in the word 'tasik' to maranao word 't'sik' which means sprinkle.
22:21 in sundanese there's also a word "sibanyo" that means "to wash" but mainly for washing face and rarely spoken among youngsters, i.e "sibanyo heula ari hudang téh" means "you have to wash your face first when you woke up"
There are of course many aspects of water that could be named, such as spring, droplet, ocean, wave, pond, puddle, pool, drinking water, deep water, shallow water. Semantic drift takes a lot of detective work to find out. Thanks to this video, I discovered that the word for sea turtles *peñu and eels *tuNa are kept through out Austronesian languages from Formosan to Te Reo. I'm also guessing *peñu is the etymology for present day Penghu islands. The islands were first recorded in Song dynasty records as 平湖, which would have been pronounced as pênn-ôo.
I think the original meaning of banyu or banaw is 'water that is not intended for drinking'. In Madurese language, the word 'bano' even means 'urine'. The Old Javanese language did had word 'we' or 'weh' to describe water, but this word is mostly replaced by 'banyu'. There are remnants of 'we' or 'weh' in Javanese language such as 'wedhang' (hot beverage), riwe (tears), ngombe (drinking)
21:05 I know this is unrelated, but I find it interesting to notice how the word "bagnare" in Italian sounds very similar and has a very similar meaning. It means "to bathe", "to get wet" or "to wash".
daNum evolved into inum and inum is to drink in Waray-Waray: Nainum ak hin tubig. (I drink water) However, there are words such as "mairinum", "irimnun" which mean a drink: Tagi daw ak hin mairinum. Tagi ak hin irimnun. (Give me a drink)
In Batangueño (Tagalog dialect), the word "banaw" means to mix something with water. Mostly used when talking about drinks. Example: "ipagbanaw mo nga akong kape" = make me some coffee "nagbanaw siya ng kape" = he/she made coffee
Great talk as always.. It's really helpful that you use pictures, diagram, and map. Is the variety of words for water related to the major source or use of water in each area? Btw Sulawesi linguistics is very interesting since there are 5 separate branches of Malayo-polynesian languages in 1 island (Celebic, Philippines, South Sulawesi, west MP, and central MP)
Another fun fact! Lampungnese also refers water/river as "Way". So there's a lot of places in lampung that started with Way, such as Way Kambas National Park.
Im Cebuano and I havent heard of wahig as river. We use sapa (with glottal stop) for small rivers and suba (glottal stop) for big rivers. In Cebuano, I frequently/always drink water : Nagainom ko ug tubig (Naga for frequency) I will drink water : Muinom/Mag-inom ko ug tubig (Mu/Mag for future; will) I drank water : Nag-inom/Ning-inom ko ug tubig (Nag/Ning for past) I can drink water : Makainom ko ug tubig (Maka for can) Anyways, I appreciate the effort in making these contents.
@@catayloprince4772 yes, thank you for this. Since tubig (water) is the fuel of the human body, Tubil (fuel) is the "water" of engines, cars, machines, etc.
in tagalog, lagi ako umiinom ng tubig. (lagi for often, frequent, always) iinom ako ng tubig. (future tense, for water.) mag-iinom ako. (future tense, for alcoholic drinks.) uminom ako ng tubig. (past tense.) nag-inom ako. (for alcoholic bev. singular.) nag-inuman kami. (same. plural. first person.) maka in tagalog is, when you feel like doing it, or when it makes you do it. or when you are pro something.
@@rodenreyes6320 It's not bastardization, they just lost the original word for drinking (alcohol) so they say mag-inom, mag-iinom, nag-iinom for drinking (alcohol), but when drinking any drinks they use the word umiinom, uminom, iinom. The original tagalog for drinking alcohol is magbarek
In East Java, Ranu means lake In Ambonese, Sumbanese means water but in Lampung it means river. Tasik in Sundanese means lake. We have many places and cities that include water in their name in Indonesia. As far as I know West Java (Sundanese language) have the most of it, because it has the most rivers. Such as Cimahi, Cibaduyut, Citereup, Cirebon, Ciamis, etc and also Tasik Malaya. In Central and East Java we have Banyumas, Banyuwangi, etc. In Sumba we have Waengapu, Waerinding, etc And Waerebo in other island of East Nusa Tenggara. In Lampung there’s Waikambas, in Ambon there’s Wailatu. That’s so far I know.
Actually, in bahasa have a lot of connection to all of the word in your video. Like "zaljum" similar to "salju" in bahasa which mean snow. Or "danum" have a similar sound to "danau" which mean lake. And word "lau" of bataknese could be realeted to "laut" in bahasa which mean sea. Good job bro, glad to know we are astronesian have connected to each other :)
No, they clearly aren't. Austronesian languages came from around Southern China while Afroasiatic languages are indigenous to Northern Africa, around Egypt, if I'm not mistaken.
Very interesting. Thanks for including ilokano, a language that seems to have maintained much of its austronesian origins (ex waig is stream or river). Maybe because the people are in northern Luzon which has the the first austronesians tribes of the philippines
Spoon in the Philippines is 'kutsara', but it's a borrowed word from the Spanish language, so you might be referring to 'sandok', the Tagalog word for ladle.
i think "tubig" coming from cliffs has something to do with saying like "inom ka sa may tubig", which in the current sense would mean "drink where there is water", but back then, it could've meant "drink by the cliff"
I think Central Philippine languages word for water "tubig" originated from "waig" proto Austronesian word for river or stream. Central Philippine languages live in highly archipelagic geography that differentiates between various sources of water thus pointing to streams as sources of drinking water. Thus isolating the word "tubig" only in this area. We still use a variant of protoAustronesian word for water "Ai/Ainum/Himum" though. But for "Inom" wc is to drink
In Tagalog banlaw is usually used for washing something (like clothing or dishes). You can use it for body but it would be weird, usually for body parts it would be Ligo is showering or washing body or colloquially Hugas. however, we have Hinaw is washing hands, Hilamos is washing face and in Cebuano they have Hunad which is washing wounds or sores.
Bañaw - to wash can also be traced to Spanish bañarse (baño - i wash myself). Probably this austronesian word iss also related to proto indo-european word
In Cebuano and in other Visayan languages, we have "tubil" which means "to fill a container with liquid," although nowadays its used mostly in reference to filling a vehicle's tank with gasoline/liquid fuel. However, it's still used by people in less urbanized areas when drinking, specifically meaning "to fill their glass/drinking container with alcohol." The barangay (village/local community) I live in is named Buñao, and local historians say that it was named like so because it was in that stream where, during the Spanish occupation, the locals would wash themselves and their clothing.
"Salom" is "Selam" in Malay, which means diving into the water. Wow, there is overwhelming commonality across the region, and besides Obama (USA) and Joko Widodo (Indonesia)’s respective Polynesian traits, it’s fun to share more of what we have in common.
Yeah in old Tagalog, suro (spelled soro in Spanish-era Tagalog dictionaries) is the word for small spoon (cuchara pequeña). Although nowadays we just often use kutsara.
@@thisisgin16 yes kutsarita if we're basing from the defintion in Noceda and Sanlucar's Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala. I forgot to mention in Laktaw's Diccionario Tagalog-Hispano, it is both "chucharada" (tablespoon) and "cuchara" (spoon).
Very informative. Apart from misotro, we, Malagasy also use the word "minono" [minunu] but rather in the context of sucking a liquid out of something, e.g: anaka minono amin-dreniny = A child that is breastfed from her mom And in spoken language, we sometimes still use "ako" or "akony" too, mostly when the pronoun is after the verb. e.g: "Maty ako" = I'm dead
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“Lau ranu na inu mu”
(I’m drinking water)
Lau: Me/I
Ranu: Water
Inu: Drink
River: SinaVai
Salt Water: Tadi
Sea or ocean: Davara
Low tide: Komada
High Tide: Utu
Eye: Mata
Hand: Ima
Leg: Ae
Hair: Hui
Lice: Utu
Ear: Taia
House: Ruma
That’s how I speak it in my language (Hiri Motu/Motu. I am a motuan, my village is approx. 20 kilometres outside Port Moresby, South coast of Papua New Guinea 🇵🇬)
We use mata for eyes
Tenga for ears
Kutu or kuto for lice
Inom for drink
In Tagalog
I see the similar sounding names from your language. Greetings fom Philippines
@@dianaverano7878 "Tainga" or "taynga" is the formal word for ear.
"Inu" in Malay is "m-inu-m" and drink in English.
"Ruma" in Malay is "rumah" and in English is "house." "Utu" in Malay is "K-utu" and lice in English.
In Tagalog, wahig means water coming from a fresh water stream. But this word is not known anymore, and i just found this word in my grandfather's century old dictionary. I guess this word is now replaced by bukal or batis.
Edit: The dictionary is not the "Vocabulario de la lengua Tagala" the dictionary I have here has no cover, it is handwritten and some words are written in ancient Tagalog script called baybayin, I don't know where it came from, I just found it inside a chest box of my grandfather.
I wonder where Tagalog "ILOG" came... I'm trying to connect it to other Austronesian words for river, but it's elusive...has it something to do with "Iwahig"...both begins with "I"and wahig and Ilog is water or river.
@@rodenreyes6320 , "wahig" in Malay is "bah", with the "ig" deleted, its meaning is related to the overflow of water in a river, the closest and almost similar pronunciation to "wah", to distinguish and isolate (Separatist Network) . "Loji" in Malay means related to storage or water storage/tank (loji air), related to the Tagalog "wahig" and "Ilog". Further research is needed on functional and linguistic unification as well as global or international unification of languages similar to Mandarin and English or larger empires. Segregated networks like the Republic of Singapore are replaced by English and Mandarin, a global presence that values education and economic creation. So, do further research and improvise for a better journey of unity or separation, replacing all ancestors with peaceful solutions instead of war (self-destruction).
Waig in Ilocano means stream. Old Tagalog “Wahig”
@@romliahmadabdulnadzir1607
Maybe i-log is Air-loj. Water storage?
@@rodenreyes6320 The word ILOG clearly came from another different word I guess, though it might not be impossible that it's related to WAHIG or any other words for river. Because ILOG is not the only one word for river in Tagalog language. There are "suba", "sapa", "pilapil" and many more.
Fun fact about Sundanese: while "cai" is the regular word for "water", the prefixed form "ci-" seems to preserve the original meaning of "stream, river". "Cikarang" like you mentioned literally means "river of rock/coral". Another example is "Citarum" which means "river of indigo plant".
i just read minutes ago that indigo plant in tagalog is tayum.
there's a place near manil which literally means, river of rock, or lake of rock. it's called lawang bato. and idk why it was called that way.
@@esperanzacorazon9686 when I heard “lawang bato,” I think about “stone gate” 🤣
I have wondered about this a long time, I did think maybe ‘Ci’ is a prefix considering how common it is and the way it’s used.
@@esperanzacorazon9686 this sounds like rawa batu which means swamp of rock
This is mind blowing! Goes to show how deep the connections Austronesians shared just by words. Now I understand where 'Danumsigwasan' comes from which is the Filipino scientific word for 'Hydraulics'. The 'Danum' part is water and 'sigwasan' is physics. So basically, it is the physics of water!
we are also connected genetically, we have similar dna's.
That's so cool. I love how Austronesian languages make compound words: sigwasan = isig (force) + lawas (body) + -an (locational/reciprocal affix (?)).
It is related to fluid mechanics, which in large part provides its theoretical foundation. Hydraulics deals with such matters as the flow of liquids in pipes, rivers, and channels and their confinement by dams and tanks. Some of its principles apply also to gases, usually in cases in which variations in density are relatively small. Consequently, the scope of hydraulics extends to such mechanical devices as fans and gas turbines and to pneumatic control systems.
@@romliahmadabdulnadzir1607 pro tip: liquids and gases are collectively called "fluids"; so, hydraulics deals with fluids.
I love Maugnaying Pilipino neologisms. Pretty sure sigwasan means “mechanics”, not physics itself.
As an American English speaker and aspiring linguist, the Austronesian language family has been a beautiful web of languages and cultures to study. This video is amazing!
From Madagascar from one end of the Indian to Easter to the other end of the Pacific, the Austronesian expansion is mind boggling.
Makan (eat) = ma (suffix means "to do") + ikan (fish)
Minum (drink) = ma + inum (water)
Maju (go forward) = ma + aju (go forward)
Mundur (go backward) = ma + undur (go backward)
The -kan in makan is derived from the Proto-Austronesian Kaən.
similar to Javanese, their word for eat is Mangan but the root word is Pangan ←pang + kan.
Kuman ( kan + -um- infix ) in Minahasa languages
Kaan/ Mongaan in Mongondow language.
In Malagasy, we also use "mino" which means "to drink"; and "ako" meaning "I"
Is this standard Malagasy or one of the other major "Dialects" of Malagasy? If you don't mind me asking.
@@ANTSEMUT1 "mino" is used especially in western and southern Madagascar, but not by the Merina people, whereas "ako" or "aako" is used by the Merina people. In official Malagasy it is "aho"
@@randriaH ooooh ok, I've noticed that at least the southern dialect especially holds on to more archaic vocabulary and by extension more recognisable austronesian cognates.
in malay language drink is "minum"
@@ANTSEMUT1 Maybe that's true. They are believed to have come to Madagascar before the Merina.
In Toba Batak the word 'I' is ahu (for written language), but we usually say 'au'. water is aek (other sub, Batak like Simalungun, they say 'bah' and for Pak-pak they say 'lau'. But the word of 'aek' is understable for kinds of Batak.
In Māori there are no Ds, they are transliterated to Rs. So RANU makes complete sense. Thanks for the great video
Ranu means lake in javanese.
Rano means water in Minahasan!
In Yapese (Micronesia) water is Ræn, and to drink is Unum.
I think it’s funny that when we say to drink water, we’re basically saying water water-if my understanding of the video is correct. 😂
As a fellow Penangite, I'm very glad to have stumbled upon your channel. I've always been fascinated by the Austronesian languages, especially how far and wide they have spread across the Indo-Pacific. But unlike Indo-European, resources for Austronesian have been lacking. I'm glad you're sharing with us your expertise!
I have to admit, this channel is different. Others mainly go on general topics rather than focused on one like this one. It allows us to go deeper. One suggestion if I may, please add more visual illustration so we could have a better grasp and memorize the topic better. And one request if I may, please make a video about directions in Austronesian. Like, in Malay, why northeast is "Timur laut" (literally "East" "sea"), Northwest is "barat laut" (literally "West" "sea"), etc. I'm sure this phenomenon isn't unique to Malay
In Tagalog, Laot means sea. Timog = South,
North is Hilaga
East is Silangan
West is Kanluran
In old Tagalog, the word for northwest is "balaklaot" (spelled as "balaclaot" in Spanish-era dictionaries). But nowadays we only use "hilagang kanluran" (lit. north west).
Other obsolete terms for directions in Tagalog are "salatan" for southwest and "sabalas/sablas" for northeast.
Interesting that you had "balaklaot" back then. Is it a cognate? Or is it a borrowing?
@@mochardiansah7452 likely a rewording for Balik Laot...meaning returning to the sea. Laot is also archaic word for sea. In Ilocano it means both the sea and the west since the Language is spoken in Northwestern Luzon.
@@khust2993 i would love to know more about obsolete tagalog. can you share some more? better, can you share me your sources?
A Quora thread has an answer that mention there is 'wahir' remnant in Javanese. The word 'wedang' (hot beverage) comes from words 'we' and 'dang'. 'dang' means to serve while 'we' - you guess it - means water. The answer cites a book by Bernd Nothofer, The Reconstruction of Proto-Malayo Javanic, in case you want to check it.
Thank you! I've read about this before, it makes sense. Also, thanks for the recommendation!
@@languagestolearn8155 anytime, buddy
In Basa Maguindanao, Minum akuORsaki sa aig/ig(I drink water), Minum(drink), saki(I) Aig/Ig(water). Udang(shrimp), Pēgu(take a bath), mamanao/bamanao(to wash/rinse), lēmpai/lūmampai(overflow/flood), lagat/laut(sea/ocean), lanao/danao(lake), bituun/bintang bērikor/bērasab(Comet)
Piring(saucer).
It’s so nice to hear other language connection and similar words being discussed in this way
Similar with Bahasa Sug as well
In southwestern Philippines, we use the word "Air" for ablution, a ceremonial act of washing parts of the body before prayer.
Thank you! You are the first person who has made Austronesian historical linguistics as interesting to me as Indo-European historical linguistics :)
I'm binging your videos at the moment.
(Native Danish speaker, pure Danish roots, only been outside of Europe once.)
Javanese have some words for water:
- er, air (found in some old literatures)
- banyu
- toya
- warih (close to waih or wai)
- tirta
"ranu" as you said to be "water" in Malagassy, in Javanese "ranu" means "small lake"
In Old Javanese:
• Water = wway, wwe, we
• Lake/ pond = ranu
The word "water" is pronounced almost the same as the word "day". Day in Old Javanese is wai/ we. But they are came from different words:
• Water = *waHiR > wai/ wway > we
• Day = *waRi > wai > we
@@sanhikuni It's amazing..! As a Javanese myself, I just realized that "we" really means "water" as well in Javanese. That's why, in Java we call "hot drink" as "wedang". It comes from words "we = water" and "dang = boil/steam"
Thanks so much! 👍
@@sanhikuni it reminds me of Ranu Kumbolo! Now this is very interesting
@@1nadjmi1 Yes, ranu means lake/ pond, but in Old Javanese lakes also called "talaga" (tlaga/ telaga in Modern Javanese), derived from Sanskrit word "taḍaka"
I AM LOVING THIS! Greetings from the Philippines. We have so much in common and I hope more of us realise this precious connection.
In Bicolano like everyone in the Philippines we say "tubig" for water
but when we use "tamongot" (angry register) we call water "katbag"
so in normal Bicolano we'd say
inomon mo an tubig (drink the water)
using "tamongot"
ti'labon mo na an katbag (drink the water)
Very interesting, In PNG (Rigo Language)
- Wai: River/Sea/Ocean
- Vai: Rinse with water
- Nanu: Water
- Niu: Drink
- Au: Me
- Gaku: Mine
Can see some similarities here.💯
Interesting how your sea/ocean is Wai.
In Yapese (just north of PNG in Micronesia) the sea/ocean is Dāy.
@@JTLI90 The so called Melanesia and Micronesia are just one big family spread across the pacific ocean with ancient ties and relationships.🙏
@@EsUzasi Micronesia is basically populated by descendants of the original people (ancestors of most Melanesians) and the settlers (Austronesians).
The only exception are the CHamoru of the Mariana Islands, who have no Melanesian blood (but closely related to the first Austronesians of SEA).
We are all siblings, but Melanesians are the eldest.
There are many words for water in javanese: banyu, toya, warih, her, we, ranu, tirta.
In Javanese: "we-edang",is expression of hot water . "We" or way means : water and Edang means boiled. So boiled water in Javanese is "wedang"..
While in Sumatra especially Lampung "wey" or "way" means river.
While word of lake in Java and Sumatra is : danau, Danu, Ranau ,Ranu.
This is interesting, as a native Bisaya speaker whenever I saw or heard Hawaiian I felt like they were just speaking the same language but cutting off certain words, and this is when I didn't realize there was as Austronesian connection or even knew what that was
I love your passion in understanding Austronesian langauge. Respect 🙏
Bugis Tribe here in Sulawesi Indonesia
I'm drinking water : Inung ka' wai
Wow, pretty similar to Hawaii
New Zealand :
-Waikato
-Waiheke
-Waitomo
-Waitangi
Hawai :
-Waikiki
-Waipahu
Papua, Indonesia
-Waisai
-Waigeo
Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
-Wairebo
-Waikabubak
English: “I’m drinking water”
Kapampangan: “Miminum kung danúm”
Straight Translation: “Drinking me water”
yeah, the author did say in one of his videos that in many austronesian groups, unlike in the western languages, the verb is mentioned first in the sentence instead of the subject.
6:30 in Sarawakian Malay we used Aek for water as well. For Bah, we usually say it's for rising tide. But we will only say Aek bah to refer to the rising tide.
In Kaili Language :
Uwe/Uve = Water
Rano = Lake
Tasi = Sea
Binangga = River
Uja/Uda = Rain
Javanese. Udan = rain
Malay = hujan = rain
😱
So interesting ! I was wondering myself if "misotro" would came from sudu (spoon) and you've confirmed what I thought so thank you
So, it basically means "menyudu" in Malay. Mi-sotro, Me-(N)-sudu.
In Malagasy next to the word "misotro" we also say in some regions "mino".
in Bahasa Indonesia there is word "Ranau" to describe a body of water stream.
"rano" in Madagascar
In my language Ranau = paddy field.
In the philippines, Danao and Ranao refers to lakes or ponds in Maguindanao, Maranao and Cebuano. Fairly related to danum and ranau.
@@catayloprince4772 well, we said danau for the lake in Indonesian.
Bahaa Indonesia doesn't exist. it's just Malay, you just don't wanna called it that way. Ranau literally mean the same thing in Malay so it's not exclusively Indonesia
Wway ꦮ꧀ꦮꦻ in Old Javanese means "water". It retains in wé part of "wédang" ꦮꦺꦢꦁ (boiled water containing herbs).
Yéh ᬬᬾᬄ in Balinese also means "stream" and "river". And so do tukad ᬢᬸᬓᬤ᭄ and toya ᬢᭀᬬ. But, as far as I know, tukad can't be used for "water".
Cai ᮎᮄ in Sundanese cognates with cair in Malay. And "bah" in one group in Batak tribes cognates with flashflood or big flood in Malay too.
Danau perhaps was descended from *DaNum. And that *num part in *inum and *DaNum sounds interesting. Perhaps "ranum" in Malay may come from *DaNum also?
Tukad is used for river in Balinese, eg Tukad Badung. Toya means water in Balinese and Javanese, which a loanword from Sanskrit.
big flood in Sundanese is "caah", the consonant b in Malay becoming c in Sundanese, like "beringin" becomes "caringin" (Banyan Tree), in Old Sundanese, trunk is "catang" (Malay: batang).
no Cai is not cognate with cair, because there is no word for liquid (Adj.) in proto austronesian, and when i see to wiktionary cair related term is air which could mean that cair itself come from the word air (though idk), other than that there is other sundanese word that has "c/nc" in the word where it would otherwise be "b/w" in malay, Sanca=sawa, Catang=Batang, Ca'ah=Bah
and *DaNum doesn't have the same as *inum because they are a different consonant
The relationship of a word in Austronesian languages is really interesting! It is full of unexpected etymology. By the way, I wonder why Modern Malay tends to use SVO arrangement compared to VSO which is kinda commonly used in classical Malay literature and other Austronesian languages as in the video?
Thank you so much for creating this channel. Wishing you all the best for your future videos.
Yes. Why is that? I mean most of Philippine Languages are VSO or Modifier first too. When did Modern Malay diverged from VSO?
Heavy influences from Arabic?
old Sundanese are VSO too
@@catayloprince4772 VSO is quite confusing to be honest
Austroasiatic influence.
There are a number of Malay words that are inline with Khmer. Javanese, Balinese, Sundanese, melayu Peninsular and parts of Borneo and Sumatra and Sulawesi linger ancient Austroasiatic genes (Sundaland)
Before the assimilations by Austronesians.
Can check DNA videos yourself
14:57 River in Tagalog is Ilog. This is where the Tagalog people got its name as they were known to reside by the rivers and were called 'Taga Ilog' which means river people or people living by the river. This eventually evolved to what we know today as "Tagalog" haha. From "Taga Ilog" to "Tagalog"
Specifically, this must be Pasig River, because civilization grew around other rivers in Philippines but they were not called "TAGA-ILOG".
Tagalog region people may have dispersed around Manila/Pasig River area.
so basically, the words we use now evolved from where we source it or how we consume it like using a ladle. then over time, simplification to hasten communication by shortening syllables has helped mutate the words. also, the original pronunciation has been affected by preferred sounds, pronunciation and culture itself.
Thank you so much for the very detailed explanation and connecting all these languages. That was very impressive and very good research on your part.
Funny, "banaw" in Cebuano can mean "spill over" and mostly used with any liquid. It can also mean "flooding" or a "flood". All still are connected to water.
Verb" inom" in Filipino means drink, as a root word.
" umiinom" means the person is drinking present tense.
Modern Tagalog speakers, still use root word inom, informally. As a short cut of umiinom word.
Let's compare:
Inom to inu ( Hawaiian), to minum (Malay). Words sounds like each other.
If I change order of subject-predicate in Tagalog sentence (grammatically incorrect in modern Tagalog)
Just to follow the Malay pattern:
Tagalog: Ako, inom ng tubig.
Malay: aku, minum air.
(similarity is undeniable)
With similar pattern Hawaiian & Tagalog subject - predicate order:
Tagalog: inom ako ng tubig
Hawaiian: inu au ka wai
( similarity is found. We modern Tagalog speakers use that exact sentence, where inom, shortened version is used)
Still wondering why Tagalog uses the word "tubig" instead of "wai", "ai" or "air" like other austronesian languages.
@@Emsyaz i wish I know the answer. I guess Tagalogs created their own word for water.
But the " ako" to " aku" in malay and
Inom and " minum" is similar 😊
2 opinions. "TUBIG" may have come from "tubir"(cliff) because of clean water from spring from a high source...
"TUBIG", from VAIG, WAIG, WAI, VAI,etc...sort of like (TU)VAIG...
@@rodenreyes6320 cool. Its nice to see how words are derived
@@Emsyaz"ig" is the only cognate we have😂.... tubig, wahig, waig, wai..
is there any relation between the word 'danau' (lake) with *daNum? In Indonesia the malay word 'tasik' is less popular.
Also I remember the Balinese have a water goddess named Dewi Danu, said to reside in Lake Batur, the biggest lake in Bali. Perhaps her name is also related to *daNum?
in balinese danu mean lake. interestingly in height balinese tasik mean salt.
Malay used two words to describe large pool of natural water. Danau or Tasik.
it's really interesting while in Jawa a Lake or water pond are called "Ranu", i believe it's old language, while newer version are "banyu" - drinking water, and in Bahasa Indonesia a lake is "Danau"
In Samoan, "Lano" is a lake
in very Low level or Rude Sundanese, there is the word "ngowér" which means "to pee" (Formal Sundanese: ki'ih, High Sundanese: kahampangan), and I believe the root word is "owér" or "wér" plus the prefix "ng-", and maybe "wér" is related to *waHiR.
Wow!! Im so glad i discovered your channel!!
Welcome!!
Wai in leo Hawai'i is pronounced vai, river is kahawai or mulivai. Wahi means place. Lau means leaf it can also mean page, or it can mean many. 'ai means food, or eat. Fanau means children in Sāmoan amd in Hawaiian its hanau. Sea is kai but the open sea is moana. And sea water is also kai. But one thing, is that in old Hawaiian t and k are interchangeable in certain dialects, especially in niihau, and others only t is used instead of k especially in vheifly talk and with certain chants.
But i love that you pronounced Hawaiian words perfectly. Most people do not!
In Sāmoan wahi is changed to fasi which also means place
You know a lot of the fine detail of each language. Amazing.
In kedah Malay variety
Lapaq ayaq =thirsty
Makan ayaq =drink water.
Old people Say makan for drink but now people Say minun because johor-riau Malay influence.
Actually in Cebuano, people will say "sapa" for stream and "suba" for river. "Wahig" is used by Manobo speakers.
I've got mind blown when you said "udang" and "uhang". I'm from the Philippines and we have "umang"(hermit crab) and "uang"(beetle), maybe in our dialect.
damn maphilindo literally one country we also say 'uang' in indonesia but it means money
Nuang in ilocano means buffalo or carabao
Udang is freshwater shrimp
Pasayan is the brookewater shrimp
Kappi is freshwater crab
Umang is the shellcrab/hermit
Arimbuken is seacrab
@@koisose0 UTANG in Filipino bisaya is debt.LOL
Aklanon speaker here, we say "palibanaw" more for "washing one's hands" and "banlaw" is also used to say "to rinse". Very interesting video btw!
well researched topic, very informative. thank you
In Indonesia
Lampung
way = air
Rejang lebong bengkulu
Bio (biyau) = air
Sunda
ci = (water/river)
Curug = air terjun (water fall)
Melayu (kepulauan riau)
sei = sungai/river
Jawa/javanes
Ranu = danau/lake (volcanic lake)
I think as nation/tribe who was live as sea men, the malay Australian have a specific name for every form of water, just like inuit Eskimo who has 50 word for snow or arab who has many word to describe camel...
Fa'a-lano means to wash with freshwater in the Samoan language. Actually this word is only used to refer to washing of seawater from your body. That's the only link I can find with the word "Rano".
Your knowledge on the subject matter is so impressive, Brian! Keep up the good works 🙂
If you go to Western Philippines like Palawan Islands and further down South to Sulu Archipelago you will find several words sounds/similar to Bahasa Malay.
To name a few:
Indigenous Palawan:
Benar(True)
Danum(Water)
Karaja(Work/Job)
Jama Mapun/Bajau Kegayan:
Buat/Buatan(Work/Job/Product)
Boheh(Water)
Air(Water for ablution)
Lanau(Stream)
Song(River)
Masi(Still)
Separti/Sepantun(As usual/Same as)
Jatah(Above)
Bau(Smell)
Lumah(House)
Nginum(Drink)
Aku(I)
Kau(You)
Manis(Sweet)
Badjuh(Clothes)
Awan(Sky)
Langit(Sky/Heaven)
Tuhan(God)
Karetah(Car)
In Kawi (old Javanese) is very similar too.
Uminum ta aku ikang we/har/hèr
I drink the water
Angaras kami apuy/agnī/latu
We touch the fire.
Old Javanese has so many synonyms, so actually there are words I have mentioned above.
Orang jawa itu serumpun dengan Filipina
Old Javanese is very close to Philippine languages. It had the complex "focus" system.
agni/ geni is a loan word from sanskrit meaning fire. but apuy is austronesian.
@@dickyadhadyanto4986 correct
I noticed that "ig" in Tagalog has connotations of water - tubig (water), igib (to draw water), pasig (sandy riverbank or a river nearing the sea). It be related to wahig or vahig.
"pasig" in Malay is "pasir" meaning sand in English.
"wahig or vahig" removing ig and in Malay is "bah" and is related to overflow of water from the river. Interesting Malay in a very strong connection if further research. However, we also feature alikes and mostly look alike Obama USA, Joko indon, Marcos filipina etc globally.
You know, the quarry hill on Easter Island is called Rano Raraku. There is a rain-fed lake on top, one of the only water sources for the island. So could be the word rano also made it all the way east?
I know in Kiribati, water is “ran”. In some of the outer islands of Chuuk, water is “rhan”.
Entirely possible, that's one hell of trip though.
Dano, rano, danau are also word for lake in some places.
👍
Danau/Dano = lake
Ranu = small lake...
Danau Kota is a place in Malaysia
Don't forget tasik.
Super interesting! Have you looked into the Minahasan dialect and it's similarities to Tagalog? Since we are near Davao there tends to be alot of overlap in the way both peoples speak
Water in various Indonesian local languages (Austronesian only):
Indonesian: Air
Javanese:
- Ngoko > Banyu
- Kråmå > Toyå
- Kråmå Inggil > Tirtå
Sundanese: Cai
Balinese: Yéh
Madurese: Aéng
Acehnese: i
Gayo: Wih
Batak: Aek
Nias: idanö
Minang: Aia
Mentawai: Oinan
Anak Dalam: Aek
Kerinci: Aye
Rejang: Bioa
Enggano: Be
Ogan: Ayakh
Lampung: Wai
Sasak: Aiq
Bima: Oi
Manggarai: Waé
Rote: Oe
Dayak: Danum
Banjar: Banyu
Tidung: Timug
Bugis: Wae
Makassar: Je'ne
Mandar: Way
Toraja: Wai
Wolio: Uwe
Tolaki: iwoi
Kaili: Ue
Gorontalo: Taluhe
Minahasa: Dano
Bugis: Wae and wai
Old Javanese : 'We' or 'weh'
Awesome I’m Palauan and I appreciate your videos and am looking forward to the palau epsiode
In Fijian I drink water is 'au ngunu wai'. Lake is Drano, fear is mataku, bird is manu.
In Javanese..
I drink water = aku ngombe banyu.
Ranu means small lake..big lake is danau.
Mataku in my language means my eyes.
Bird is manuk.
In Chamorro
I drink water: Hu gimen hånom
Bird: Paluma
Chicken: Månnok
Javanese mataku eyes. In Fijian my eyes matanngu or mataku depending on which dialect you speak. Mataku my eyes, matamu your eyes, matana his/her eyes, matadra their eyes.
The same with Indonesian “Aku minum air” mean I drink water. “Danau” means lake, “Takut” means fear. And in Javanese “manuk” is bird.
I am so impressed! we are all releated in one big family from the westernmost Madagascar until the easternmost Rapa Nui and it's truly a wholesome fact. Love your cool accent too bro!
Danau, another word for Lake in Malay most probably came from *DaNum also
Maranao:
Water - Ig
Lake - Ranaw
River - Lawasa’ig
Wet - Wasa
I drink water - Piginom ako sa ig
So from ‘Wahig’ it got shortened to ‘Ig’.
Willing to learn Maranao and Maguindanao here. I’m very interested to the heavy influence of hindubuddhism to the ethnolinguisitc groups in Mindanao before Islam came.
Interesting. My language as the folowing;
Water = Vaig
Lake = Botung
River = Bavang
Wet = Ozopos
Tinum oku vaig = i want to drink water.
@@sumaranggg well, sometime w and h assimilated to the following vocal as these are semivowels.
Hence the Tagalog word IGIB. Meaning to gather or fill a bucket with water.
The root word for "umiinom" is "inom".
Umiinom ako ng tubig. (I am drinking water.)
Inom (drink)
In Bisaya, Inom ko tubig (I drink water). Inom - drink, ko - ako or i, tubig - water. Uwang or ulang - shrimp, toyo- soy sauce, ligo - take a bath, banlaw- to wash/rinse, banaw - overflow/flood, dagat - sea, also banyo for restroom. It’s so nice to hear my language being discussed in this way. I’m only now learning the extent of how connected the Austronesian languages are & i appreciate so much your treatment of this subject. Thank you sir.
Inom= minum , toyo = toyu (used by some northern people in malay peninsular), uwang/ulang = udang..
Restroom: Banyo is from Spanish Baño
Interesting, now where does the word Bano in Spanish come from? Germanic language?
Some Malay dialect in Malaysia used ayo/ayor for water
In the languages I speak, for water
Motu: Ranu
Balawaia: Nanu
Both generally refer to rivers, creeks as vai or wai depending on the dialect. Motu ‘drink’ is inu. Balawaia to drink is ginu (guttural sound for ‘g’).
In Sulawesi, Buginese and Mandarese, and some other tribes also use the word Wai for water.
Wow very interesting. I've been wondering for a long time about the etymology for banyu.
In southern part of Mindanao particularly maranao, water is 'ig' and i also observed similarities in the word 'tasik' to maranao word 't'sik' which means sprinkle.
22:21 in sundanese there's also a word "sibanyo" that means "to wash" but mainly for washing face and rarely spoken among youngsters, i.e "sibanyo heula ari hudang téh" means "you have to wash your face first when you woke up"
"Lawa" is tagalog for lake, "Laot" or "laut" in tagalog is open ocean or deep sea .
There are of course many aspects of water that could be named, such as spring, droplet, ocean, wave, pond, puddle, pool, drinking water, deep water, shallow water. Semantic drift takes a lot of detective work to find out. Thanks to this video, I discovered that the word for sea turtles *peñu and eels *tuNa are kept through out Austronesian languages from Formosan to Te Reo. I'm also guessing *peñu is the etymology for present day Penghu islands. The islands were first recorded in Song dynasty records as 平湖, which would have been pronounced as pênn-ôo.
I think the original meaning of banyu or banaw is 'water that is not intended for drinking'. In Madurese language, the word 'bano' even means 'urine'.
The Old Javanese language did had word 'we' or 'weh' to describe water, but this word is mostly replaced by 'banyu'. There are remnants of 'we' or 'weh' in Javanese language such as 'wedhang' (hot beverage), riwe (tears), ngombe (drinking)
Here in the Philippines, banio or ban-yo means toilet. Interesting.
yeah, i think banyu or banaw is water for washing and cleaning, and that definitely should not be used for drinking.
Ngomwe
@@catayloprince4772 But that's from spanish baño.
Not related
@@Iaszund Disagree.
21:05 I know this is unrelated, but I find it interesting to notice how the word "bagnare" in Italian sounds very similar and has a very similar meaning. It means "to bathe", "to get wet" or "to wash".
daNum evolved into inum and inum is to drink in Waray-Waray:
Nainum ak hin tubig. (I drink water)
However, there are words such as "mairinum", "irimnun" which mean a drink:
Tagi daw ak hin mairinum.
Tagi ak hin irimnun.
(Give me a drink)
In Batangueño (Tagalog dialect), the word "banaw" means to mix something with water. Mostly used when talking about drinks. Example:
"ipagbanaw mo nga akong kape" = make me some coffee
"nagbanaw siya ng kape" = he/she made coffee
sa cavite kanaw
in Bisaya banaw mean water overflows..
Water in Balinese: Yeh
Great talk as always.. It's really helpful that you use pictures, diagram, and map.
Is the variety of words for water related to the major source or use of water in each area?
Btw Sulawesi linguistics is very interesting since there are 5 separate branches of Malayo-polynesian languages in 1 island (Celebic, Philippines, South Sulawesi, west MP, and central MP)
very informative video. thanks
Another fun fact! Lampungnese also refers water/river as "Way". So there's a lot of places in lampung that started with Way, such as Way Kambas National Park.
Im Cebuano and I havent heard of wahig as river. We use sapa (with glottal stop) for small rivers and suba (glottal stop) for big rivers.
In Cebuano,
I frequently/always drink water : Nagainom ko ug tubig (Naga for frequency)
I will drink water : Muinom/Mag-inom ko ug tubig (Mu/Mag for future; will)
I drank water : Nag-inom/Ning-inom ko ug tubig (Nag/Ning for past)
I can drink water : Makainom ko ug tubig (Maka for can)
Anyways, I appreciate the effort in making these contents.
Bay. We also have the word TUBIL.
@@catayloprince4772 yes, thank you for this. Since tubig (water) is the fuel of the human body, Tubil (fuel) is the "water" of engines, cars, machines, etc.
in tagalog,
lagi ako umiinom ng tubig. (lagi for often, frequent, always)
iinom ako ng tubig. (future tense, for water.)
mag-iinom ako. (future tense, for alcoholic drinks.)
uminom ako ng tubig. (past tense.)
nag-inom ako. (for alcoholic bev. singular.) nag-inuman kami. (same. plural. first person.)
maka in tagalog is, when you feel like doing it, or when it makes you do it. or when you are pro something.
@@esperanzacorazon9686 "mag-iinom ako","nag-inom ako" are not good Tagalog,they are bastardizations only,I think.
@@rodenreyes6320 It's not bastardization, they just lost the original word for drinking (alcohol) so they say mag-inom, mag-iinom, nag-iinom for drinking (alcohol), but when drinking any drinks they use the word umiinom, uminom, iinom.
The original tagalog for drinking alcohol is magbarek
NEw subscriber here!! -- awesome to find something talking about SE asian and pacific languages! -- keep up the great work!
In East Java, Ranu means lake
In Ambonese, Sumbanese means water but in Lampung it means river.
Tasik in Sundanese means lake.
We have many places and cities that include water in their name in Indonesia. As far as I know West Java (Sundanese language) have the most of it, because it has the most rivers. Such as Cimahi, Cibaduyut, Citereup, Cirebon, Ciamis, etc and also Tasik Malaya.
In Central and East Java we have Banyumas, Banyuwangi, etc.
In Sumba we have Waengapu, Waerinding, etc
And Waerebo in other island of East Nusa Tenggara.
In Lampung there’s Waikambas, in Ambon there’s Wailatu.
That’s so far I know.
In Bataknese
Aek for Toba, or Angkola-Mandailing
Lau for Karo
Bah for Simalungun
Actually, in bahasa have a lot of connection to all of the word in your video. Like "zaljum" similar to "salju" in bahasa which mean snow. Or "danum" have a similar sound to "danau" which mean lake. And word "lau" of bataknese could be realeted to "laut" in bahasa which mean sea. Good job bro, glad to know we are astronesian have connected to each other :)
I thought "salju" comes from Arabic "الثلج" which has the same meaning
@@mochardiansah7452
yes. tsalju is from Arabic and borrowed by Indonesian, becaming salju.
@@mochardiansah7452 I'm just guessing bro 😅
@@syaifullahmursalim1492 im guessing and believing that austronesian languages are related to arabic languages.
No, they clearly aren't. Austronesian languages came from around Southern China while Afroasiatic languages are indigenous to Northern Africa, around Egypt, if I'm not mistaken.
Very interesting. Thanks for including ilokano, a language that seems to have maintained much of its austronesian origins (ex waig is stream or river). Maybe because the people are in northern Luzon which has the the first austronesians tribes of the philippines
Ranu in Javanese is lake
ranu, rano, danao, danau, danu, vano, banu, banyu, etc. all the words has one common root and it means freshwater (non sea water)
Spoon in the Philippines is 'kutsara', but it's a borrowed word from the Spanish language, so you might be referring to 'sandok', the Tagalog word for ladle.
In archaic tagalog, spoon is called "suro"
Wow.. in Indonesian "sendok" means spoon
@@misskonaxia I think 'suro' has the same origin in Malay and Javanese language 'sudu' which means to scoop
malay in peninsula malaysia
sendok - ladle
sudu - spoon
and I'll just add this
pinggan - plate
piring - saucer
i think "tubig" coming from cliffs has something to do with saying like "inom ka sa may tubig", which in the current sense would mean "drink where there is water", but back then, it could've meant "drink by the cliff"
In Cebuano, TUBIL means to gather water from a well or river....like using a bucket.
yeah, possible. i think. what was supposed to be, "inom ka sa may tubig" became "inom ka ng tubig."
and also i think somewhere says tagaytay is cliff, or ridge. "tagay ka sa tagaytay"? yeah?
In maguindanaon fetch water from a well or river is ig'b or auid
@@omaral-barghuthi4939 yeah in tagalog it's igib
I think Central Philippine languages word for water "tubig" originated from "waig" proto Austronesian word for river or stream.
Central Philippine languages live in highly archipelagic geography that differentiates between various sources of water thus pointing to streams as sources of drinking water. Thus isolating the word "tubig" only in this area. We still use a variant of protoAustronesian word for water "Ai/Ainum/Himum" though. But for "Inom" wc is to drink
In Tagalog banlaw is usually used for washing something (like clothing or dishes). You can use it for body but it would be weird, usually for body parts it would be Ligo is showering or washing body or colloquially Hugas. however, we have Hinaw is washing hands, Hilamos is washing face and in Cebuano they have Hunad which is washing wounds or sores.
Similarly, in Iloco/Samtoy we say 'ginnaw for 'to wash hands'
This is sooooo interesting. Keep up the good work sir.
Bañaw - to wash can also be traced to Spanish bañarse (baño - i wash myself). Probably this austronesian word iss also related to proto indo-european word
In Cebuano and in other Visayan languages, we have "tubil" which means "to fill a container with liquid," although nowadays its used mostly in reference to filling a vehicle's tank with gasoline/liquid fuel. However, it's still used by people in less urbanized areas when drinking, specifically meaning "to fill their glass/drinking container with alcohol."
The barangay (village/local community) I live in is named Buñao, and local historians say that it was named like so because it was in that stream where, during the Spanish occupation, the locals would wash themselves and their clothing.
I love to learn about my ancestors language thank you so much!!
Southern Philippines ( Cebuano ) has similar word to Danum which is "Salom" meaning " to swim"
"Salom" is "Selam" in Malay, which means diving into the water. Wow, there is overwhelming commonality across the region, and besides Obama (USA) and Joko Widodo (Indonesia)’s respective Polynesian traits, it’s fun to share more of what we have in common.
In waray, our word for river or creek is 'salog' and to swim is 'langoy'
@@Kadayao-telaranrhiodBlogspotin Hiligaynon, salog is floor.
@@Kadayao-telaranrhiodBlogspotswim is also langoy but salom is dive which I think OP was confused about.
@@joshrillo yeah salug is also floor for waray 😅
Yeah in old Tagalog, suro (spelled soro in Spanish-era Tagalog dictionaries) is the word for small spoon (cuchara pequeña). Although nowadays we just often use kutsara.
Isn't it kutsarita then?
@@thisisgin16 Maybe it’s used for both, regardless of size. If you want to refer to ‘kutsarita’, you can use ‘sorong maliit’.
In Malay is sudu
@@2557carla Oh that makes sense, cognates. Better I start using soro form now on
@@thisisgin16 yes kutsarita if we're basing from the defintion in Noceda and Sanlucar's Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala. I forgot to mention in Laktaw's Diccionario Tagalog-Hispano, it is both "chucharada" (tablespoon) and "cuchara" (spoon).
Very informative. Apart from misotro, we, Malagasy also use the word "minono" [minunu] but rather in the context of sucking a liquid out of something, e.g: anaka minono amin-dreniny = A child that is breastfed from her mom
And in spoken language, we sometimes still use "ako" or "akony" too, mostly when the pronoun is after the verb. e.g: "Maty ako" = I'm dead
Mati aku = in malay
is anaka ako = my child ?
really similiar to anak aku
@@Maman-Setrum Yes it is! anak ako/zanako = my child. ☺️
Tagalog counterpart is "Namatay na Ako" or "Patay na Ako."