Been reading music for over 30 years and never heard of the Landmark System. Nice tutorial. You teach very similar to how I teach theory. Nice work. :)
My takeaway is to learn just a few “absolute” notes and deduct “relative” notes from those landmark notes while learning to read music, with the end goal to eventually be familiar with all notes “absolutely”. Makes sense, I do this on guitar. No way I’ll memorize 144 fret positions on guitar, but the 25% I do have in muscle memory generally gets me the rest of the way there
New to reading base line and had been confused. Brilliant tutorial, well laced for a newbie and having a visual at the same time really helped. I'm going to re-watch this a lot and make notes. Sorry, pun not intended. Thanks for making and sharing this.
Bonjour à vous , Monsieur Pang! Je suis heureuse de prendre connaissance de votre méthode d'enseignement sur la musicalité des portées! Merci infiniment d'en partager votre expertise en la matière! Par votre approche; Vous en faciliter la compréhension du mode de fonctionnement d'une partition, mais encore! Vous en inculquer le goût d'en savoir-faire ! Votre méthode mérite d'être connu! Merci aussi, d'être un être posé et calme qui en aimer musique et gens! Et ce, afin d'en transmettre : > Cordialement vôtre! Madame Patricia Picard.B Québec Canada
Thank you for demystifying musical notation! I learned some of this when I was a kid; but since then notation has eluded me. I will listen to this again a few more times!
These are the best hand-drawn straight lines I have seen in a while!! I am in awe, and envious at the same time. Also, thank you for the great explanation!
what is complicated is not to associate a name with a note but to associate the sound corresponding to this note (the frequency) as well as to associate the interval which exists between a note and another note. It is complicated to sing ascending or descending intervals of thirds, fourths, fifths, sixths, sevenths ❤❤❤
Every Good Burrito Delivers Flavor. All Good Burgers Dont Fall Apart. Is good to know nemonics but you are correct it is much better to know landmark system. The reason is you will keep thinking of the nemomics every time you look at the stave. Knowing where the landmarks are will help your mind recognize faster what the non landmark notes are. This makes you site reading better.😊
Thank you for the step by step video! I am starting (late) to learn how to read music and this is the best video explaining how this works. Not hard at all!
I haven't read music in decades. I'm now learning the Bach Prelude BWV 998 for guitar. I'm reading the notes out loud and imaging where they are on the guitar tuned in DADGAD.
In the treble clef the middle line and top curve meet at D, the second line down from he top. You jave it meeting at B, the midle line. But they cross on D. And the bass clef stops at the B, second line from the bottom.
Good video. But for your students... The G (Treble) Clef is not so much that it is on the 2nd line, but actually it shows WHICH line (or space) is the G above Middle C (it is usually on the 2nd line of the upper Stave, but not always). The G Clef can actually appear anywhere, even on the lower stave of the Grand Stave. The G clef is just a "stylized" 'G'. Similarly, the F (Bass) Clef shows where F below Middle C is located. It is a stylized F but instead of a crossed line that is in such a F, two dots are used because a line would be hard to tell which stave line or space it is centered upon. The F Clef can appear anywhere, even on the upper Stave, but it is usually on the 3rd line on the lower Stave. There is also a C Clef, which is used sometimes with horns.
Anyway ! all these folks want to correct you about little things I just want to say great job ! You explained it well , it’s so hard to find someone that will explain it simply & you did just that ! Thank you bunches lol
Absolutely no one ever uses a treble or bass clef in any position other than standard. I guess it technically could happen but in 30 years, I’ve never seen it. The only traditionally moveable clef is the C Clef which is mostly commonly used as an Alto clef or Tenor clef… but C Clef is very rare for most instruments. I wouldn’t worry about ever learning or practicing G or F clef outside of the normal position.
@@DOGroove Go back to the masters like Chopin, Mozart, Beethoven and such, they often moved the G and F clefs around. This is because in piano music, the notes on the lower stave are usually played with the left hand and the notes on upper stave are played with the right hand. So, when the left hand is played in higher registers, the F Clef is moved to the upper stave. Then there is the Octave Clef - a G Clef with an 8 hanging off the tail. This denotes that the indicated G is one octave below middle C. There is is also a G Clef with an 8 at the top of the G Clef, which indicates the G is above Middle C - this way the right hand can play in an upper/lower register without a lot of ledger lines for the notes. Today 8va, 15va, 8vb, and 15vb are used but the Clefs still define where the Gs and Fs are located as a formality. Don't ask me why 15va and 15vb are used for 2 Octaves, one would think that it would be 16, but music is always developing (especially since the Renaissance). The masters defined a lot of what we use today in music notation. Every musician should have a dictionary of music. Harper's Dictionary of Music is out of print, I would recommend something more current since music has evolved a lot since Jazz hit the scene. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbols
@@DOGroove Also, if one limits onself to play music that is less than 30 years old, then one is missing out on tons of music. Not knowing all the notation could be embarrassing. I happened to be at Electric Lady studio when the musical genius "Prince" was there. After I shook his hand, he gave me a glimpse of some of his hand written music... there was Octave G Clef on one score. Now, the published music may have use 8vb, but it is easier just to put an 8 on the tail of the G Clef if the whole stave is an octave lower.
@@paulromsky9527 I didn’t mean music only created in the last 30 years, I meant in my 30 years as a musician. I have often seen octave clefs but I have never once encountered a piece of music that has had an F clef not in the standard position. And this is me reading upright bass, cello, trombone, and Tuba music. I have seen Tenor clefs used in cello music but I’ve never seen a piece written with a non-standard F clef.
i learned bass clef / played trombone for 8 years as a kid. now as an adult learning advanced topics, need to read both clefs at the same time. Learning treble clef is new. you know what is funny >> I can tell when my brain is tired caz my brain starts to transpose from bass clef when trying to read treble.
treble, base, middle clef and other such as saxophone's sheet, the same note are in different position, cause lots of confusion. A better way is to upgrade the 5 line system to 6 line system(draw a line on top of treble clef and bottom of base clef, then at least in the base and treble clef, same note in same position.
Or play daily for 5+ years and you stop reading altogether, the note position and keyboard position are 1. Flats and sharps mostly are associated with the left right starting with the 3 black keys pattern, that is automatic. I can go up or down for special cases and repeated for something like a minor key I remember that after a few times. The rare 4 or 5 lines added above or below, there is a lot of guessing and mistakes initially.
Back in the 80’s, there was a Guitar Player magazine article featuring Steve Vai. He said that you need to learn the notes on the guitar’ fretboard ‘cold’; no gimmicks . Same should apply here, don’t you think?
I was also taught that people do not in itself have to ‘read’ music/note names, as long as they have been given ‘Doh’ they apparently can work out any note purely from the ‘Tonic-Solfa’ system. I once had two Basses in one of my Church Choirs and all they read was tonic-solfa, and once they new which note was doh by me giving a starting chord they could pretty well get a brand new anthem learnt within a couple of weeks, whereas the ‘note readers were taking 4 times as long, the only time I remember them going astray was if there was a key change part way through the anthem.
Solfege is taught in every accredited school in the USA. Why it is not taught in elementary school. I don't know. I have shown the iconic scene from The Sound of Music to very young students to begin ear training. It absolutely establishes the sound of a major scale effortlessly.
The letter name system is actually as old as solfege. Originally the two were used for slightly different purposes - note names were absolute, solfege was somewhat movable (but not entirely). For whatever reason, in some countries, do re mi replaced letters entirely, and in other countries, people essentially stopped using the solfege syllables, and only used letters. BTW, in countries that use the letter names, solfege still has its uses, but in that system, the syllables refer to scale degrees, not to absolute pitches (do is the 1st degree, re is the 2nd degree, mi is the 3rd degree). So, if you have a melody that goes "do re mi", it could be C D E if you are in C major, but it could also be E F# G# if you are in E major. Another option is to simply use scale degree numbers.
@@insamyoja2I have no idea how you came to that conclusion, it’s the same middle C, it’s the ONLY middle C, a ledger line below the treble and above the bass clefs.
One doubt: Are you trying to say Landmark System is a 'helper' along with FACEEGBDF System to recognize notes faster OR as an 'alternative' to FACEEGBDF System to recognize notes in same almost same speed once mastered/familiarised?
For the absolute beginner, Why don’t we start with how many notes we have and their names and how they sound. For people in other countries what are the equivalencies to do te mi fa sol?
This is a good way to learn the names of the notes but it has nothing to do with actual playing. You don’t play by thinking “oh that’s a G” and then playing it. You match up the lines and spaces directly with the black and white pattern WITHOUT worrying about the note names.
Surely if you learn the letter names of the 2 clefs (in this case) and teach your students that there is only 7 letters in a musical alphabet, all you’ve got to do is count up/down to work out any note in music.
This is the point of the exercise. If you are sight singing or playing an instrument, counting is very slow on top of all of the other stuff like accidentals, time and key signatures. You need to be able to look at the staff and straight away know what note you’re playing, not have to count.
I don't like it. Memorizing ACE landmarks (from 1st to the 6th octaves) on the grand staff is faster and easier. You can identify notes even on ledger lines in no time. Plus, you will know where to play them on the piano.
See it simpler: there is a single middle line between the two scores, on which the middle C is. Then other Cs are symmetrical around this line, and the F at the bottom is the symmetry of the G at the top. If your eye is trained to recognize C and G at the top, just imagine the score flipped upside down and you'll figure C and F at the bottom. If you do some piano, imagine a vertical piano keyboard on which you would type oriented to the left. The left-hand keys are at the bottom and the right-hand keys at the top. The middle C key is at the center, aligned with the middle C line. The right-hand keys then follow the G-clef and the left-hand keys follow the F-clef. Hoping this helps!
because how how they thought the staff in school it took me several years to realize the staff was just the alphabet ... so instead of seeing FACE and egbdf i see e F g A b C d E f then it just wraps around in bothe directions ...
![ฮักเทื่อสุดท้าย - บอย ศิริชัย [OFFICIAL MV]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/-1PoPoQ-B-k/mqdefault.jpg)
Been reading music for over 30 years and never heard of the Landmark System. Nice tutorial. You teach very similar to how I teach theory. Nice work. :)
very useful for me. thank you.
Amen! I hope you continue teaching!
Great job teaching this. I will rewatch it so that I can begin to memorize the landmarks better. Thank you so much.
My takeaway is to learn just a few “absolute” notes and deduct “relative” notes from those landmark notes while learning to read music, with the end goal to eventually be familiar with all notes “absolutely”. Makes sense, I do this on guitar. No way I’ll memorize 144 fret positions on guitar, but the 25% I do have in muscle memory generally gets me the rest of the way there
New to reading base line and had been confused. Brilliant tutorial, well laced for a newbie and having a visual at the same time really helped. I'm going to re-watch this a lot and make notes. Sorry, pun not intended. Thanks for making and sharing this.
Bonjour à vous ,
Monsieur Pang!
Je suis heureuse de prendre connaissance de votre méthode d'enseignement sur la musicalité des portées!
Merci infiniment d'en partager votre expertise en la matière!
Par votre approche; Vous en faciliter la compréhension du mode de fonctionnement d'une partition, mais encore!
Vous en inculquer le goût d'en savoir-faire !
Votre méthode mérite d'être connu!
Merci aussi, d'être un être posé et calme qui en aimer musique et gens! Et ce, afin d'en transmettre :
>
Cordialement vôtre!
Madame Patricia Picard.B
Québec Canada
Thank you for the lesson, Eward. you did a great job of simplifying the scales / notes.
Thank you for demystifying musical notation! I learned some of this when I was a kid; but since then notation has eluded me. I will listen to this again a few more times!
Very good instruction to memorize the notes, appreciate your efforts, May God bless you.
These are the best hand-drawn straight lines I have seen in a while!! I am in awe, and envious at the same time.
Also, thank you for the great explanation!
Great lesson. I didn't know the bass staff existed. Now the low notations makes sense. Thanks.
what is complicated is not to associate a name with a note but to associate the sound corresponding to this note (the frequency) as well as to associate the interval which exists between a note and another note. It is complicated to sing ascending or descending intervals of thirds, fourths, fifths, sixths, sevenths ❤❤❤
Hey, thank you. Reading music has always given me a hard time, so this is a great reminder.
Great system, but I still feel like I need a compound eye to see all the notes while playing
Train to look ameasure ahead of what you're playing
And to see the keyboard at the same time..
Every Good Burrito Delivers Flavor.
All Good Burgers Dont Fall Apart.
Is good to know nemonics but you are correct it is much better to know landmark system. The reason is you will keep thinking of the nemomics every time you look at the stave.
Knowing where the landmarks are will help your mind recognize faster what the non landmark notes are. This makes you site reading better.😊
I like this Tutorial. It is straight to the point and very helpful. Thank you for this.
Thank you for the step by step video! I am starting (late) to learn how to read music and this is the best video explaining how this works. Not hard at all!
I learnt this system as far back as 1968 when I was a 6 year old learning to play the piano....here in the UK.
This is the best explanation video I found. Thank you.
Very Cool Note Reference Tip Layout!!
Bass cleff spaces up: all cows eat grass
Bass cleff lines down: a fine dining bovine gourmet
4:55 landmark system starts here
Good job! I remember all my band classes coming back to me now.
Excellent video simplifying it. Also for the Bass Clef you can mentally go up 2 notes, so a written C note in Bass Clef becomes E.
Great work ! Thank you for posting and sharing for us !
Good tips
very informative, Thank You
Great video! Thank you!
Great! Just the e f g alone on the f clef is helpful. Thanks
I haven't read music in decades. I'm now learning the Bach Prelude BWV 998 for guitar. I'm reading the notes out loud and imaging where they are on the guitar tuned in DADGAD.
Good idea
Beautiful video
Thanks brother, this blessed me so much. Lord Jesus keep you continuously Laborer.
All Cows Eat Grass , Good Boys Do Fine Always 😂 is how I remembered bass
Thank you for the lesson! Just getting ready to start playing guitar by reading notes instead of just chords…
Good Boys Do Fine Always - for bass clef lines.
Excellent tutorial.
Brilliant tutorial 👏🏻👏🏻
Love the landmark system! That was extremely helpful. Thank you!
thank you
Thank Mr. Pang
Great instruction!
God bless you Sir
Thanks for sharing 🙏
Helpful tip. Thank you
Thanks. This is very helpful. Wish I had known it a long time ago! :)
Your video is impressive well done. I will use this this knowledge to my advantage
Gosh I got so much ASMR out of this
In the treble clef the middle line and top curve meet at D, the second line down from he top. You jave it meeting at B, the midle line.
But they cross on D.
And the bass clef stops at the B, second line from the bottom.
Thanks very much!
Good video. But for your students... The G (Treble) Clef is not so much that it is on the 2nd line, but actually it shows WHICH line (or space) is the G above Middle C (it is usually on the 2nd line of the upper Stave, but not always). The G Clef can actually appear anywhere, even on the lower stave of the Grand Stave. The G clef is just a "stylized" 'G'.
Similarly, the F (Bass) Clef shows where F below Middle C is located. It is a stylized F but instead of a crossed line that is in such a F, two dots are used because a line would be hard to tell which stave line or space it is centered upon. The F Clef can appear anywhere, even on the upper Stave, but it is usually on the 3rd line on the lower Stave. There is also a C Clef, which is used sometimes with horns.
Anyway ! all these folks want to correct you about little things I just want to say great job ! You explained it well , it’s so hard to find someone that will explain it simply & you did just that ! Thank you bunches lol
Absolutely no one ever uses a treble or bass clef in any position other than standard. I guess it technically could happen but in 30 years, I’ve never seen it. The only traditionally moveable clef is the C Clef which is mostly commonly used as an Alto clef or Tenor clef… but C Clef is very rare for most instruments. I wouldn’t worry about ever learning or practicing G or F clef outside of the normal position.
@@DOGroove Go back to the masters like Chopin, Mozart, Beethoven and such, they often moved the G and F clefs around. This is because in piano music, the notes on the lower stave are usually played with the left hand and the notes on upper stave are played with the right hand. So, when the left hand is played in higher registers, the F Clef is moved to the upper stave. Then there is the Octave Clef - a G Clef with an 8 hanging off the tail. This denotes that the indicated G is one octave below middle C. There is is also a G Clef with an 8 at the top of the G Clef, which indicates the G is above Middle C - this way the right hand can play in an upper/lower register without a lot of ledger lines for the notes. Today 8va, 15va, 8vb, and 15vb are used but the Clefs still define where the Gs and Fs are located as a formality. Don't ask me why 15va and 15vb are used for 2 Octaves, one would think that it would be 16, but music is always developing (especially since the Renaissance). The masters defined a lot of what we use today in music notation. Every musician should have a dictionary of music. Harper's Dictionary of Music is out of print, I would recommend something more current since music has evolved a lot since Jazz hit the scene. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbols
@@DOGroove Also, if one limits onself to play music that is less than 30 years old, then one is missing out on tons of music. Not knowing all the notation could be embarrassing. I happened to be at Electric Lady studio when the musical genius "Prince" was there. After I shook his hand, he gave me a glimpse of some of his hand written music... there was Octave G Clef on one score. Now, the published music may have use 8vb, but it is easier just to put an 8 on the tail of the G Clef if the whole stave is an octave lower.
@@paulromsky9527 I didn’t mean music only created in the last 30 years, I meant in my 30 years as a musician. I have often seen octave clefs but I have never once encountered a piece of music that has had an F clef not in the standard position. And this is me reading upright bass, cello, trombone, and Tuba music. I have seen Tenor clefs used in cello music but I’ve never seen a piece written with a non-standard F clef.
Thank you very much!!!!!
Can you further elaborate on the landmark method by explaining one’s finger placement
Good burritos don’t fall apart
Thank you for the acronym. I will never forget that one.
Perfect
Cute. I subconsciously do this when I sight read notes.
Bass clef from bottom up: All Cows Eat Grass
Aslo: Good Bikes Don't Fall Apart
Thanks Edward
Thank you sir 🙏
i learned bass clef / played trombone for 8 years as a kid. now as an adult learning advanced topics, need to read both clefs at the same time. Learning treble clef is new. you know what is funny >> I can tell when my brain is tired caz my brain starts to transpose from bass clef when trying to read treble.
Good
Thank u sir
treble, base, middle clef and other such as saxophone's sheet, the same note are in different position, cause lots of confusion.
A better way is to upgrade the 5 line system to 6 line system(draw a line on top of treble clef and bottom of base clef, then at least in the base and treble clef, same note in same position.
Isn't it better to use 8vb treble clef?
@@Trombinha_jooj I concur, the 8va and 8vb Treble Clefs are my preference.
hello Edward good video God Bless
Or play daily for 5+ years and you stop reading altogether, the note position and keyboard position are 1. Flats and sharps mostly are associated with the left right starting with the 3 black keys pattern, that is automatic. I can go up or down for special cases and repeated for something like a minor key I remember that after a few times. The rare 4 or 5 lines added above or below, there is a lot of guessing and mistakes initially.
tip 1: be familiar what the sound of every notw on the piano
tip 2: remember the notes on the measure
Nex vidéo, the sight reading.
Reading partition and playing its vefy difficult for me. And you ?
Your treble clef should have a bigger swirl.. It should touch the third line and bottom line
🤭
😮 ! Sure ?
Back in the 80’s, there was a Guitar Player magazine article featuring Steve Vai. He said that you need to learn the notes on the guitar’ fretboard ‘cold’; no gimmicks . Same should apply here, don’t you think?
This is very helpful. 👍👍
What about keys for Alto, Tenor, Bariton ...?
What about systems with other number of lines (4 lines, 6 and more lines)?
Can you please explain WHY on earth the DO RE MI is not used in the USA? And where the ABC came from? Thank you.
Just made a video on learning Do Re Mi Solfège. Solfège Do Re Mi is better for singing and memorizing melodies.
I was also taught that people do not in itself have to ‘read’ music/note names, as long as they have been given ‘Doh’ they apparently can work out any note purely from the ‘Tonic-Solfa’ system.
I once had two Basses in one of my Church Choirs and all they read was tonic-solfa, and once they new which note was doh by me giving a starting chord they could pretty well get a brand new anthem learnt within a couple of weeks, whereas the ‘note readers were taking 4 times as long, the only time I remember them going astray was if there was a key change part way through the anthem.
Solfege is taught at Yamaha music schools in the USA .. And at the ear trainer modules at Berklee..
Solfege is taught in every accredited school in the USA.
Why it is not taught in elementary school. I don't know.
I have shown the iconic scene from The Sound of Music to very young students to begin ear training.
It absolutely establishes the sound of a major scale effortlessly.
The letter name system is actually as old as solfege. Originally the two were used for slightly different purposes - note names were absolute, solfege was somewhat movable (but not entirely). For whatever reason, in some countries, do re mi replaced letters entirely, and in other countries, people essentially stopped using the solfege syllables, and only used letters.
BTW, in countries that use the letter names, solfege still has its uses, but in that system, the syllables refer to scale degrees, not to absolute pitches (do is the 1st degree, re is the 2nd degree, mi is the 3rd degree). So, if you have a melody that goes "do re mi", it could be C D E if you are in C major, but it could also be E F# G# if you are in E major. Another option is to simply use scale degree numbers.
When you are introducing the bass clef.. You should write another middle c... Going downwards to B.. A etc
He did!
He only wrote one middle C for the treble clef.
@@insamyoja2I have no idea how you came to that conclusion, it’s the same middle C, it’s the ONLY middle C, a ledger line below the treble and above the bass clefs.
Ah man, I knew this already. But it works as a refresher. I still can't play or read fast at all.
I learn to read by this kind of landmark system from the french method developed by Georges DANDELOT. Very useful !
My community uses do re mi fa sol ra ti do, and abcdefg interchangably. It really hurts my brain. It feels like being a bilingual
😅 Pad Thai and Thai Pad are the same. Not confusing at all.
you should add the alto cleff
5:00
Deserves fudge😊
One doubt:
Are you trying to say Landmark System is a 'helper' along with FACEEGBDF System to recognize notes faster OR as an 'alternative' to FACEEGBDF System to recognize notes in same almost same speed once mastered/familiarised?
For the absolute beginner, Why don’t we start with how many notes we have and their names and how they sound. For people in other countries what are the equivalencies to do te mi fa sol?
This is a good way to learn the names of the notes but it has nothing to do with actual playing. You don’t play by thinking “oh that’s a G” and then playing it. You match up the lines and spaces directly with the black and white pattern WITHOUT worrying about the note names.
Thanks Edward for this video 🎹 you get a subscribe from me
Your treble clef is incorrect. The top loop should cross at the 4th line.
Hmmm . Reiteration ?
Every good boy does fine after Eating Grass
I am more confused than ever. Lucky I play well by ear!
...me, too
So then how to read SLOW?
Surely if you learn the letter names of the 2 clefs (in this case) and teach your students that there is only 7 letters in a musical alphabet, all you’ve got to do is count up/down to work out any note in music.
This is the point of the exercise. If you are sight singing or playing an instrument, counting is very slow on top of all of the other stuff like accidentals, time and key signatures. You need to be able to look at the staff and straight away know what note you’re playing, not have to count.
@@tomwalsh2244or just get the song into your muscle memory. But still, I'd like to learn how to sight read
All cars eat gas & great big dogs fight animals. 🤓🤣
I don't like it. Memorizing ACE landmarks (from 1st to the 6th octaves) on the grand staff is faster and easier. You can identify notes even on ledger lines in no time. Plus, you will know where to play them on the piano.
Still my slow ass mind works with picture better, not words. So still need to look at the dotes/notes😭
This is pretty much exactly the same way my uncles girlfriend taught me.
I still don't understand
See it simpler: there is a single middle line between the two scores, on which the middle C is. Then other Cs are symmetrical around this line, and the F at the bottom is the symmetry of the G at the top. If your eye is trained to recognize C and G at the top, just imagine the score flipped upside down and you'll figure C and F at the bottom.
If you do some piano, imagine a vertical piano keyboard on which you would type oriented to the left. The left-hand keys are at the bottom and the right-hand keys at the top. The middle C key is at the center, aligned with the middle C line. The right-hand keys then follow the G-clef and the left-hand keys follow the F-clef. Hoping this helps!
Best to fine a good keyboard teacher...then practice, practice, practice.
When you read 10000 sheets, you will 😂
Now ...your explanation finally makes sense. Thanks....
Tq
Ed, where are you originally from? South East Asia?
Great Big Dogs Fight Animals.
All Cars Eat Gas.
Yes, I'm a child of the 70s 😊
because how how they thought the staff in school it took me several years to realize the staff was just the alphabet ...
so instead of seeing FACE and egbdf i see e F g A b C d E f then it just wraps around in bothe directions ...
Fast? Why didn't you draw the staff BEFORE you started the video?!!
i suppose it’s a joke
Lol
Imagine complaining on a year old video
The video is not supposed to be fast. Your note reading speed should be fast.
😂
Nothing