History Kingdoms of Southeast Asia: The Story of Lan Xang (present-day Laos)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 9 พ.ค. 2023
- In this video, we will be exploring the ancient history of one of the most fascinating Buddhist kingdoms in Southeast Asia, the Kingdom of a Million Elephants under a White Parasol or Lan Xang. Please, join on this intriguing chapter in history!
For an overview of history of Laos see:
Grant Evans, A Short History of Laos: The Land in Between (2002)
Martin Stuart-Fox, The Lao Kingdom of Lan-Xang: Rise and Decline (1998)
For problems in Laos history see:
Martin Stuart-Fox, "On the Writing of Lao History: Continuities and Discontinuities" (1993)
For the history of Vientiane in the sixteenth century:
Parmorn Pupiupa and Dararat Mattariganoud, "The Establishment of Vientiane as the New Capital of the Lan Xang Kingdom in the Reign of King Xaysetthathirarath (1560-1571 A.D.)" (2021)
As a Lao American who never left the states and no nothing about my people this has been very educational thank you for doing this video
Great video! One small note you can take or leave, "Laos" is a French spelling in which the S is a silent addition to pluralize "Lao" since the country was a combination of several Lao kingdoms. Pronouncing the S is standard in English though, it's just like pronouncing "Khmer" as "Khm-air" instead of "Khm-eye."
Thanks for watching and the clarification on terminology!
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Some other minor mispronunciations - you said SOkhUthai instead of SUkhOthai and you kept saying Luang PabRang instead of PRabang. But still good video as usual.
I thank you from the bottom of my heart❤
Few notes, and a correction or two. One of the most notable thing about Fa Ngum is that he actually "existed", since there is a contemporary stone inscription with his name in his time. That may sound weird, but kings in the SEA chronicles in the 14th-15th century, might not actually existed, and like many founder kings in the globe are legends who cannot be verified. At the same time, 14th century Southeast Asia, U-thong, founder of Ayudhya, also a similar name of legendary founders in Shan states, Mon states and Khmer history. While the Khmers, somehow stopped writing (almost completely) on stone to record contemporary events, and the Chinese can be unreliable observers. A 19th century Thai king even felt the need to forge RamKhamhaeng inscription due to how low contemporary records are.
As for him marrying a Khmer princess, the likelihood of it being true is extremely high and crucial. The Siamese, as well, traced their founding with a presence of a Khmer princess as epigraphy suggested. Fa Ngum marched to Meung Sua is expected, since it is his birthplace. By the Laotian chronicles, the "founding" of LanXang is mainly the introducing of Kambuja governing systems, religion and cultures. The monks, brahmans, learned people that accompanied the Khmer princess gave Fa Ngum, a huge advantage over the rest of the polities. (For Context: The roles of woman in Khmer society as lawmakers, traders, are pretty much attested. It is noted by some scholars, that when the Lavo and Rajasima (Ratchasima) became part of the empire, more sophisticated governments were seen in its neighbors in Dvaravati, Haripunchai, and the rise of Bagan empire soon after.)
LanXang was theorized to be founded to be a buffer state. Around this time, Angkor seem to lost control of frontier cities (Viang Chan, Sukothai..) and those across the sea in the Malaysian peninsular. Despite kings of newly-formed kingdoms, boasted large territories, archaeological evidences suggested that the Khmers still maintained most of the major northern cities, lending credit to this theory. Based on folktales of the Naga flooding Angkor, told in different versions in Thai (Phadaeng Nang Ai) and Laos (Rocket Festival) in that region, climate changes that destroyed Angkor are likely what caused the reductions of Khmer influence in the region. The "Muangs" if sprung up, were further outside the influence in the first place.
A correction is that I think while LanXang do not have lasting monuments like Siam and Khmer, I think that its empire at several points are richer and more powerful. Setthathirath managed to withstand the might of Bayinuang and his guns. Afterward, he sent two expeditions to Kambuja, while both times, the Laotians suffered heavy defeats, the Khmer chronicles writers believed that LanXang armies are twice the size that the Khmers had. In the 17th century, despite not having a searoute, by all account, it was rich and prosperous, and intervene in the policies of its neighbors from time to time.
Greetings from Native Khmer in Mekong delta Vietnam nowadays to bro sis Laos. For Lao people, they respect Khmer culture and legacy, they are contrary to the hypocrite some of siem thai lẹo trying to degrade Khmer on over the internet even though in their spirit there are Khmer culture lying inside LOL
Thailand history is fake history. Cambodia Myanmar Vietnam laos know who Thai people come from Khmer+Lao= thai
Another great video, Laos simply does not get talked about enough!
Agreed, thanks for watching friend!
Love it. Appreciate
Really appreciate the time and effort you've clearly put in to make this video man. Not much good info out there so this was definitely surprising to see :) Videos like yours are important to me as my family are direct descendants of the last rulers of the Xieng Khouang Kingdom. (Related by my great great grandmother). Keep it up! Subbed
I'm glad you enjoyed. It is a a welcomed accolade from a noble lineage!
Thank you.
wow... great job with these researches, then you have to formulate and on and on; pure amazing!
Thanks, I see your enjoying the videos!
This is a great video!
Thanks! Glad you enjoyed it
I watch your TikToks! Thank you for supporting Khmer, Burmese and Thai culture as well
@@axquivi 🫶🏼🫶🏼
thank you for Lao historical video in English . so young Lao in over sea can learn and understand about the Lao's historical .. you did a good job .. thank you
Thanks for watching! My mission is to encourage young and old to learn about the histories of their homelands
Some historical lessons, according to linguistics studies the people of Sukothai are people from the region of Loungprabang, the people of Ayutthaya came from the Lao Phun state of Xiengkhouang and Lanna people came from Northern Laos around the Bokeo LoungNamtha region. These migrations are from Northern Laos, simply they were Lao people before they became Thai.
It was Setthatharat that moved the capital to Vientiane not his father, Setthathirath ruled Lanxang Lanna from ChiangRai and planed to regain ChiangMai but the Burmese recently gained control of the Shan state which forced him flee Chiangrai and move to Vientiane.
These linguistic studies also connect the Lue and Shan peoples to the Assam people in eastern India. They identified two major migration routes by these ancient Tai/Lao peoples. The ones that came through Northern Vietnam (Lao/Thai) and those that went west across Yunnan down into Burma and west into India. The Lue/Shan/Assam peoples, these groups speak distinct dialects
FaNgum conquered Chiangrai but didn’t invide ChiangMai bc the King of ChiangMai made an oath of support to send troops to help FaNgum if requested,
By the time FaNgum took Vientiane which was a vassal of a weakened Sukothai, he planned to turn his massive army towards Ayutthaya. The King of Ayutthaya sent a letter to FaNgum claiming “they are brothers since the time of Khun Borom” (Uthong is claiming he comes from the same royal lineage as FaNgum) and they shouldn’t go to war. Uthong then Sent one of his daughters to FaNgum to form a political alliance.
Both Uthong and the King of ChiangMai claimed to be descendants of the same royal lineage as FaNgum, which is the Khun Borom dynasty, ChiangMai chronicles share the same oral history as the people of Loungprabang, that they descended from MuangThenh(Dien Bien Phu) and Khun Borom was the first King. Wether Uthong was truly descended from Khun Borom or he used the title to give himself legitimacy as King is up for debate. But all Tai kings in history claimed to descend from this legendary figure.
very well done
I'm glad you liked, thanks!
Sooooo where’s the King Naresuan video?
There’s gotta be one in the making 🙏 (bonus points if Songkram Yutahatti is talked about)
I will put somethings together soon. Songkram Yutahatti is such a fascinating event.
I know lao and khmer deeply related.
👍
next nanzhao pls
Certainly, I'll try to make a video on Nanzhao, its a fascinating topic
I’m very thankful for your efforts on our history but it’s very hard to keep listening to cuz you butcher all the names but thank you 🙏🏾
It's Luang Prabang, not Luang Pabrang.
Lao is a distant cousin of thai.
🇰🇭🇱🇦🧬
Thai and loas are a bloodline from the khmer Angkorian Empire. They've blood related children of children from the khmer mon ,then khmer funan then Dwawatdi existed from the khmer Funan same as khmer chenle then lvo existed from Dwawatdi from thier They've all united under the khmer Empires as khmer many ethnic until more of chinese bloodline arived becames inlaw with the khmer the lvo to produce the next generation of khmer,lvo,laos dynasty..The chinese families line had split the khmer into manies ethnic kingdoms..which now believed They're all original from the start since Siam change historied to be proud of themselves that they had nothing to do with poorer unintelgense country like Loas and Cambodia they're not same ancestors bloodline no languages not same not related from the beginning.of the first kingdom line..but they're related if not they'd be more of chinese then Khmer and indianise influenced they would be like Vietnamese chinese culture which is Annam also indianise influenced as ancient region aswell but they let the chinese bloodline side win over as cultures then khmer, Thai,loas are more of indianise but thier owned style ancestsors culture of khmer,lvo,dwavadti influenced all the way till now..
At the beginning of indianise hindu culture the khmer then dwavadti then lvo the the Angkorian khmer which also called khom by Thai try to change Khmer historied which is short for Kompuchea..
You don't have to believed in most historied of each coutries of cause they'll will try to fit themselves look best more with a little lied to benefits themselves but look at the influencer of the world especially Indian,chinese,French,British,Spanish they often change the coulour complexion when ever they got mixed bloodline of the aboriginal of the land ..like Thai,khmer,loas 35%look like more of chinese bloodline 35%like mixed of khmer,lvo,laos,Siamese but still more as thier own original group dark coloured one..and then the the ancient ancestors which even more dark coulour of indian like and the dark coloured tribal people of that erea..
00:25 incorrect pronunciation, even with the S. Can't trust this video as being accurate, not even 30 seconds in yet and already multiple things incorrect
No. You didn't include the secret war and the fact that Laos is the world most bomb country in the world
Luang Pabrang???? hahaha
00:03 why did you start the video with a chinese man? This is not what lao people look like
, A Shatter in The Dark of Laos History....Read The King Sisavangvong's history
Lan Xang is pronounced "Lahn Sahng"
But using thai art in thumbnail, why? Bruh💀
Sorry, I couldn't find a good public domain image of a white elephant from Lan Xang
Lao people around the world do deeply disdain/hate and posthumously condemn Tarksin and NangkLao kings of Siam to death for launching two destructive/genocide wars against Lao Lanexang kingdom and then ordered to set fire burning down Vientiane twice. We posthumously condemn the barbaric and mad king Nangklao to death for having physical tortured king Anouvong who processed to lead Lao people to fight off Siam's domination until death.
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