I feel like it doesn't go as in depth as it it deserved, take a look at Indy's take on the interwar period. He's summarising it year by year in parts. Covering any major points and events. Frankly, that's the most in depth coverage of the interwar period I've ever seen.
Was a mess. The US should have just dictated terms to all. Knowing how it all came unglued later, the path untraveled is likely better. Can't imagine why the US chose to make them win... other than to recoup the borrowed money that never got paid back...
@@cavscout888 The US war loans to Britain have all been repaid. The US contribution at the front was negligible - the Kaiserschlat was stopped primarily by British Commonwealth forces with negligible US involvement, and the 100 days offensive was again won by Commonwealth forces. And no one would trust the self-centred attitude of the US to dictate any peace. Try reading history rather than properganda.
I will say that Jesse really seems to have found his voice. You can tell that he has become more and more comfortable with each episode. His style is unique and it meshes seamlessly with the new format that TGW has implemented. I am so happy that they didn't go with an Indy clone or that Jesse didn't feel compelled to try to copy Indy. I was pretty skeptical when they announced that Indy was leaving and that the show would be undergoing all of the changes that it has, but you guys have done a fantastic job. You are still one of my favorite shows on TH-cam. Keep up the great work!
Actually that wasn’t Wilson France demanded that Germany be crushed so taking the Rhineland was most peaceful solution because France at this point hated Germany so bad
I wonder if Jessie could give a speech to the rest of TH-cam on how to elucidate, keep voice timbre natural and never say ‘ah’. The man has an excellent speaking style and commands attention. Wish he were on more sites!!! Thank You Mr. Alexander!
As a South-Tyrolean (ethnic German Italian citizen), I can tell you that the results of the Peace Conference continue to cast huge shadows in South Tyrol. While tensions have eased in recent decades, there is still a strong divide between Italian-speakers and German-speakers. Identity is a huge issue, as is bilingualism and the question of political autonomy from Rome (which was granted in the 50s-60s). We have Italian fascists who still advocate a policy of Italianisation, and on the other hand extreme local German nationalists who advocate secession. The conflict remains unresolved. Moderate South Tyroleans sometimes struggle or disagree about their identity. Some have started to identify as Italians as tensions with the Italian minority have eased. Others identify as German, but tolerate being part of Italy. Others again simply identify as Tyroleans - whatever that may mean to them. The majority identify as a bit of each: not fitting entirely into one category, yet somehow being in multiple categories at once. Opinion of the government in Rome is extremely low. All of this means that potential tensions are ever below the surface - waiting for someone to ignite them. Recently, talks began in Austria's far-right government to extend Austrian citizenship to all non-Italian South Tyroleans. This throws a massive spanner in the very slow process of reconciling the two groups and reinforces ethnic conflict which has waxed and waned for 100 years.
Interessante commento! Com'è stata vista in generale l'idea di estendere la cittadinanza austriaca agli alto-atesini non italiani? Se l'opinione generale sul governo italiano è molto bassa com'è quella riguardo il governo Kurz? Ho visitato la provincia di Bolzano soltanto una volta, un paio di anni fa. L'impressione che ho avuto (sicuramente incompleta) è che entrambi gli estremismi erano ad un livello molto basso, davvero pensi che ci sia il rischio di nuovi problemi?
the Italian South-Tyrolean friend forgot to mention that the Italian government uses its velvet gloves to treat its region, allowing it to retain and manage 90% of local and regional taxes (while the totality of the other Italian regions must pay all taxes in Rome). Precisely for this reason the Italians South Tyrolean are seen as privileged people from the italian people, with a special treatment that does not exist in Europe and would not have if they were under the Austrian government! Moral? with the money they have, they will bark but they won't bite! The South Tyrolean are not the only people in the world that have been annexed by another state, hundreds and hundreds of modern countries have been founded in this way (after hundreds of wars in so many centuries) so they have to do a reason ! bye from Italy
@@lacasadipavlov Ciao amico :-) I'll answer in English, so other people can understand as well: In regard to extending Austrian citizenship: This has not been finalised yet; the Austrian government has been discussing it. Many people in South Tyrol - especially in the more conservative, rural areas - do support the move. Many others however dislike it, because they see it as Austrian meddling in affairs which are not their own, and because it further divides society. Amongst the more moderate South Tyroleans, Kurz' government has a very bad image, especially due to its far-right stances. In regard to political extremism in general: During the last two decades, tensions have eased significantly, though the core disagreements still remain. During the last couple of years, political extremism has been on the rise again as society polarises (much like in the rest of Europe). Far-right ideology is gathering support; in the more conservative rural areas, support for local nationalism and opposition to Rome is rising. The SVP - the centre-left moderate people's party, which for 50 years dominated local politics with its no-nonsense approach, political competence and smart diplomacy in regard to the government in Rome, is losing voters to more populist, right-wing fringe groups. At the same time, the Italian component of the population, which amounts to about 30%, showed its favourable attitude toward Italian fascism during the last national election, when 1 in 3 of Italian-speaking voters voted for Salvini's Lega. As a moderate who has always tried to reconcile the two sides, I was truly disgusted by that. I have Italian-speaking friends who were horrified to see just how many of their Italian-speaking compatriots were fascist sympathisers. I hope that answered your question :-) Cari saluti!
Der kleine dicke Syphillis verseuchte D Annuzio der erste italienische Faschist fand ein schnelles Ende genauso wie der Massenmörder Mussolini, die selbsternannten sogenannten Herrenmenschen und IhremmTraum eines Imperium Romanum im östlichen Mittelmeer, fanden schnell ihr Ende von 1918 bis 1943 dauerte die Okkupation, dank der Allierten(USA Großbritannien, Frankreich Sowjetunion) und Marshall Josip Broz Tito wurden die vielen kleinen Mussolinis dahin geschickt wo Sie hingehören zur Cosa Nostra und N dragheta nach Italien. Istrien und Dalmatien, mehrheitlich von Slowenen, Kroaten und Serben seit Jahrhunderten bevölkert, das 700 Jahre mit Österreich -Ungarn eine friedliche Koexistenz bildeten, ist nun befreit von den einstigen Sklavenhaltern und Galdiatorenliebhabern. No paseran ihr spaghettis
@@addiction4062 so ein Langweiler sind Sie, abgedroschen Phrasen nutzen, Orginalität 0,00 % aber was will man von einem Mussolinifan und Annunziofaschistenfanatiker schon anderes erwarten!
@@TheGreatWar Please tell our friends at World of warships that Germany never had aircraft carriers during the two great wars and that higher tier destroyer AA needs to be nerfed. Thanks.
@@loganroy3381 Busy making wonderful movements for the watches, a craft we still enjoy today. Oh, and probably having fun in the mountains with the ladies. Nice.
During both world wars, Switzerland mobilized it's army to make sure it wouldn't be invaded. Note that other neutral countries were invaded in both wars.
I live in Istria, in my hometown the dominant language was Italian (nealry 90 %), and they even sent a delegation in november 1918 to Venice to request an occupation by the Italian Army (or Navy), on the other side 5 km from the coast the population was mailny of slavic language and they wanted to join the new Yugoslavia. In many towns there were comities, the italian voted/decided to join Italy and the slavic to join Yugoslavia. How to apply self determination in this case ?
“Let’s promise Italy lotsa the Adriatic” -Britain “Kay” -France 3 years later... “Hey so can we get what you promised us?” -Italy “Nah, lets give it to this new Austria-Hungary” -Allies 20 years later.. “We shall regain what Italy lost!” (Italy declares war on Allies) “How could this happen?”
It is simply staggering how so many decisions were made with so little foresight or simple common sense. Cause and effect is something that a lot of people simply have no clue about
Actually Italy aimed to gain Nice and Corsica from France, the war with Yugoslavia was a weird carambola derived from Mussolini's frustration at his actual defeat at the Alps vs France (which surrendered to Germany without Italy making any inroads) and deciding to take revenge on Greece, with whom it had lesser border issues re. Albania. I also suspect he was incited by British secret agents hoping to delay Operation Barbarossa, which was anyhow the actual oucome, arguably saving the USSR from utter defeat in a blitz. In any case two of my grandfather's brothers died in that stupid Albanian war. Did I mention that Yugoslavia was only caught in between by accident?
@@LuisAldamiz >Did I mention that Yugoslavia was only caught in between by accident? more or less. the allies couped the legitimate government that wanted to allow the germans to pass through to greece peacefully. even without the greece war the axis would have to invade it anyways since that coup was going to happen either way.
Woodenhead Wilson - mangling the peace - well, such as it was - with his naïveté and his insistence on his Fourteen Points. I like what Clemenceau said of them - "even God had only ten!" Wilson's Fourteen Points in the Balkans? You're dead.
So we could not take some cities with italian majority for "self determination" but milions and milions of germans could not live in germany but inside Poland,France or Czechoslavakia
Empires enacting "anti-imperial" policy on their competitors. Nothing to see here, folks. No parallels can be drawn, even today. No, sir! Comfort. Convenience. Hypocrisy. That is the name of the game.
@ The character is much more complex. He actually stood up to defend wrongly accused people - especially jew captain Dreyfuss - fought back the first motorised gang in history (la bande à Bonot), and maintained his own newspapers which were arguably pretty strong on fairness of treatment and free speach. And especially the guy knew how to be insulting to others with style ^^
@ building highways or putting up the economy are simply "efficient" deeds, defending the defenceless is a good moral deed. Also congratulations on a quick Godwin point :p
@Jim lastname Bill and I don't have any recorded work at this time (we work together to host an open mic in Pgh, Pa), but here's one of my originals for your listening pleasure: th-cam.com/video/Kdoe5l6BjcE/w-d-xo.html Hope you like it!
Unbelievable and rather disturbing to see how - no more then six months after the fighting in one of worlds greatest tragedies has stopped - a new cluster-f*ck of epic proportions is already in the making , for everyone to see....and no one seems to take notice.
Finally finally finally I am all caught up with the series! I've been plugging away at this channel since mid 2017. I took my time and enjoyed it like a fine wine. I'd watch each video 2-3 times to really absorb the content. I also lurked the comments because there are so many smart mofos here that add so much more color to these subjects. I have to say, learning about this conflict and the aftermath at this level of detail has really boosted Jeopardy skills. My wife was baffled when I helped her solve "Riga" on crossword puzzle where the clue was a four letter word for a "Baltic coastal capital" This channel has truly rekindled my love for WWI history that began back in middle school when I wrote an essay on how modern technology vastly outpaced military tactics at the onset of the Great War. It is now such a fixture in my life and I can't wait to pass this knowledge on to my children, because Lord knows the US school system sure ain't going to. Hats off to the Great War team, you guys are keeping obscure (albeit vitally important) history alive! P.S. I am the proud owner of a 1:350 scale model of the SMS Emden thanks to you!
This is one of the most encouraging comments I read in a while, thank you. We hope to enlighten you further of course and if you watch the show with your children one day, let us know. Cheers Flo
it has been an idea since much, much longer. In the Astérix album in Britain, they are already talking about building the tunnel. On a more serious note I think Napoleon considered the idea to invade England
I didn't know about this either, although I am not surprised the idea was around, was there ever any serious plans to build this and was the technology available back then?
Wilson got to decide the fate of Europe, but he never even visited the region before becoming the President. so how could he decide fairly from his ivory tower?
The Italians were neglected yes, they were much less powerful than the English or French. And it seems only the US is driven by idealism, which you could say they can afford; being more interested in securing international trade and a stable world order. The problems with nationalism however, is that even when the issue is undertanable; nationalism always seem to lead to an over reaction. It did so in my own country when wanting independence; were f.ex a bishop gave a speech saying it would be cowardly and against God if we didn't accept 60-70.000 dead (not including wounded) before agreeing to diplomacy! Patriotism is one thing, but it's a very fine line between patriotism and nationalism (they are a bit linked after all), but I'd say nationalism is what fosters the US/THEM think, just to separate them.
@@mrhills8868 if by "live under their own rule", you mean live under the boot of bigoted violence and intimidation unless you're in the ruling class, then yes that's what Italy got after Mussolini. Have you seen Jim Carrey's portrait of him and his wife? Beautiful.
@@JohnnyAloha69 No, we have crying beta snowflakes and virgins like you, who think they're victims of, wait for it, people like transsexuals and loud women. All the nationalism has ever given us was 2 world wars
what a stupid explanation, this was a natural reaction to sanctions and BS made to create conflicts, like the Yankees are doing nowadays, under the control of the Bankers, USA e GETTA and stand up when Betzy come to congress
I was thinking WW1 was interesting but after the war, it gets, even more, interesting, helped by this channel and presentation - it just getting better and better and I am learning more and more
As someone who studied linguistics and translation theory at university, I very much appreciated the translation of putting the toothpaste back into the tube!
So much history was happening 100 years ago, i seriously pleased you are still covering what happened. I remember seeing a Russell Crowe movie where he is looking for his sons and they are tied up in the Turkish Greek war 1920's..fascinating and i doubt any other movie covers the period
4:54 "Over 1 milion of slovenes and croats under italian rule"? Please guys don't be stingy, let's say 3 milions, ok? Seriously 1 milion it's a very controversial figure and if you know history and demografic evolotion of those territories you will end up sayng that over 1 milion of slovenes and croats under italian rule, it's a totallly unrealistic sentence. Which source did you use in order to state that?
Seems like Italy paid 600.000 soldiers' lifes for a lesser empire than envisaged. Throwing away lower class peoples' lifes for territorial gains that did not help their families. What about italy's veterans, widdows und orphans?
well I'm not about to change an already set mind, this would make no sense. But you should start by considering what is a savage, start by a definition, then there can be a discussion
The Italians could never get used to the fact that the Western Roman Empire collapsed. They wanted to recreate one and instead got Fascist Italy and Doom.
I would lake to hear more about the Hungarian Socialist Republic and their problems with the French, Serbs and Romanians. I couldn't find information in the last episode (5).
"We believe in self determination, now give us more land from the conquered!" Luigi Cardona is starting to sound rational when compared to this statement.
Entente: "self determination!" France: "uhhh not for Corsica, Alsace, or any colony!" England " Not for Ireland, or Scotland or any colonies" USA "No, guys, we uhhh, I mean, not for Philippines or Hawaii!"
@The Great War - You continue to get better - which is no small feat! - with each episode. Jesse's narration is wonderfully clear. Very much appreciate the information about D'Annunzio, of whom I'd not heard much before your excellent presentation. He wrote some very poetic lines indeed! I was shocked to learn of the Italian government supporting all those different groups with arms and aid. Again after watching an episode of The Great War, as the French say, I "go to bed less stupid".
@@shawngilliland243 You could find some of his best works in an anthology called Notturno. Incidentally, he wrote most of these poems during a recovering period in hospital, he was injured during his military missions in World War I!
I really wonder why all of the European allies didn’t tell America to go fly a kite during the peace talks. America came in late and lost next to nothing compared to the other allies. Why did Wilson get such control over the peace talks.
Because they held the lion share of British, French and Italian wartime debt. The Americans dis something meaningful in France militarily speaking, but next to nothing in Italy, for instance, where they sent a single regiment. Italian distrust of the US was born there.
@Troy Staunton Suppose that one nation made of one race, of the same religion, wiped everybody else, and took over the world. Over time new differences would arise and war would return, it is the nature of man.
Had Italy stuck with the central powers, would that have turned the tide of WWI? Would Italy have been better off with the central powers? They got so shafted in the aftermath
We will never know. Perhaps Austria-Hungary and Italy would have fought together against France or against Russia. Even so, surely France, Russia and the UK would have made changes in their strategies in order to compensate for fighting against Italy.
@@PaulInPorirua Well is interesting to see Wilson double standard: Fiume is off limit because of self determination and anti imperialism (in an area that was more or less 50/50 split between italians and croatians), and then proceed to ship a whole region of 100% Chinese people to Imperial Japan. If you see that from an Italian perspective, demanding Fiume was not so far fetched (and after all, Italian politicians had to deal with their own population) Also, in hindsight 20/20, giving the city would have declawed Mussolini in the Italian politics, which would have been a nice thing to happen
@@PaulInPorirua these where not demands, but simply expecting the "Allies" to deliver what was agreed upon in the secret London treaty. The lunacy of the Allies to prefer to give in to claims from a non extant nation ("The Kingdom of Yugoslavia") that wasn't even an allied nation to begin with; provided the fuel that fascism (or any other ism) needed to grow. Basically the seeds for second war was planted and started with the Anglo British imbeciles betraying another Ally. But then again, this is what the French and British would continue to do to various poor countries such as Finland,, Poland, Norway that had the misfortune of relying on Anglo British "promises" of assistance" in the next conflict. But in the end it is fair, Italy should not have joined WW1 and should have stayed neutral and a victory in war should never be rewarded with territories that have been part of other nations for ages.
@@jakovmarelic That's true, but we have to see how it became Italian: First D'Annunzio (a VERY pro-fascist at the time, before he realized he was a puppet, not a main player in the party), occupied the city, which is a huge propagandist victory for them. Then they get their ass kicked out of the city by the Italian army, with the Treaty of Rapallo (see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1920)), which is another huge victory for the Fascist since now every Italian hates its own government. Then in 1924, when the Fascist were in control of Italy already (march on Rome was in '22), it became Italian. Somehow it managed to screw over both Kingdoms: The Kingdom of Yugoslavia because it did not get what would have been one of their most important port in the Nation, The Kingdom of Italy because while economically Fiume was not as vital, it gave a huge propagandist boost (with the "Mutilated Victory" and all the other crap) to the fascist party.
Wilson was more a problem than a solver to European concerns and disputes. He never understand that deep internal divides were forcing these countries to not agree to long term peace. I can't blame Italy for being hurt by the their allies. What Wilson and France and Great Britian did to Italy was disgusting. This caused the black shirts to rise in power.
But if they had given in to Italy's ridiculously overblown demands, what they would've done to Yugoslavia would've been disgusting. Refusing any compromise was a stance that no one could realistically be expected to accept. Sure, the position of the Italian government was driven by its internal enemies. But why should the other nations appease Italy's ultranationalist nutjobs at the cost of others?
@Viktor Samoja 600k soldiers died, and pinned down 2M Austro Ungarian soldiers that would have otherwise been in Belgium/Middle East. As for the objective, it was difficult to advance against well protected Mountain passes: it is not a coincidence that the main Italian victory in Vittorio Veneto came when the lines were established in the plains of Veneto
@Viktor Samoja Agreed, but ineptitude or not, they still pinned down 2 Million soldiers there and sacrificed many lives: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Front_(World_War_I). Actually, 2.3 M where the losses (captured, dead, injured) on the Austrian side, the total army was probably more
Italy thought that Great Britain and France spat on their sacrifice but that was actually American they really did this and basically made totally become an enemy and for people say Yugoslavia needed that land Wilson should of respected that those lands were promised to Italy and that by not giving them the Italians it would make them angry and resentful and makes all those people that died in the war kinda dying for nothing
"Us, poor little ones of Christ?" D'Annunzio at 9:24 what the heck ! Politicians really like to mix religion and politics. Great episode as usual. Cheers !
it's a pretty often used expression in italian, even still to this day: "povero cristiano". When translated literally it takes much more pompousness than it really has in the use of Italian people.
Hello fans of history and history friends! I'm Zack Twamley and I run the history podcast When Diplomacy Fails. Currently I'm examining this era, and tracing the events that occurred 100 years ago! I call it the Versailles Anniversary Project, and we're just about to examine the Greek landing in Smyrna! I hope you'll check it out, but if not, thanksss for reading :D
And people think the interwar period is boring
I think it’s incredibly interesting.
It comparatively boring, which is why people didn't pay attention until the death spiral to war was well underway all over again.
@@robertsmith4681 no
I feel like it doesn't go as in depth as it it deserved, take a look at Indy's take on the interwar period. He's summarising it year by year in parts. Covering any major points and events. Frankly, that's the most in depth coverage of the interwar period I've ever seen.
But mah Beer hall putsch
The British promising the same land to different people? Sure that won't happen again....
*cries in Arab*
@@Malos_ arabic*
Was a mess. The US should have just dictated terms to all. Knowing how it all came unglued later, the path untraveled is likely better. Can't imagine why the US chose to make them win... other than to recoup the borrowed money that never got paid back...
@@cavscout888 The US war loans to Britain have all been repaid. The US contribution at the front was negligible - the Kaiserschlat was stopped primarily by British Commonwealth forces with negligible US involvement, and the 100 days offensive was again won by Commonwealth forces. And no one would trust the self-centred attitude of the US to dictate any peace. Try reading history rather than properganda.
What is this? A science fiction movie?
It was an understatement to say Italy was just angry it didn't get territory it was promised. It was "Fiumeng."
OMG that pun XD
Bruh...
@@sgrizzo48 Si tratta di un gioco di parole...L'Italia fumava di rabbia...in Inglese Fuming, pronuncia Fiuming...
@@robertopesenti1173 ringrazio della spiegazione, ma avevo già capito ^^;
@@robertopesenti1173 Credo tu non l'abbia capita, tanti usano Rijeka (Fiume) come un alternativa per dire Istria.
Fiume + Fuming = Fiumeng
So much for “The War to End all Wars”
Kinda works if you consider WW1 and WW2 as the Second Thirty-Years War
Wild Jagd spotted.
The Con Man I must consult with the elder gods
The "Peace to end all peace"
Well, it did end all wars as the world understood war at the time.
I will say that Jesse really seems to have found his voice. You can tell that he has become more and more comfortable with each episode. His style is unique and it meshes seamlessly with the new format that TGW has implemented. I am so happy that they didn't go with an Indy clone or that Jesse didn't feel compelled to try to copy Indy. I was pretty skeptical when they announced that Indy was leaving and that the show would be undergoing all of the changes that it has, but you guys have done a fantastic job. You are still one of my favorite shows on TH-cam. Keep up the great work!
Thanks for the feedback. Happy you like the changes and Jesse is always keen on getting responses on his work.
I actually prefer Jesse to Indy now (though I like Indy too ofc!). He has a softer voice, easier to listen to.
"heavy fighting took place in the Donbass region" .. 100 years later and..
Georges Clemenceau was the best stand-up comedian in Paris in 1919.
Great ending.
He was a great man. He was right on what will happen next. Clemenceau was the tiger.
“We can’t make Italy the enemy of their nearest neighbor” -Wilson
“Sure, let France occupy the Rhineland, that won’t cause any grudges” -Also Wilson
Actually that wasn’t Wilson France demanded that Germany be crushed so taking the Rhineland was most peaceful solution because France at this point hated Germany so bad
Not surprising, since he’s all for “freedom for European peoples”, but not non whites in America
France was not beholden to Wilson
sounds like coping from a crushed germany 🤭
@@KaiserFranzJosefI neither was Italy, and he still stuck his nose into that.
I wonder if Jessie could give a speech to the rest of TH-cam on how to elucidate, keep voice timbre natural and never say ‘ah’. The man has an excellent speaking style and commands attention. Wish he were on more sites!!! Thank You Mr. Alexander!
hear, hear
He is reading from a TelePrompTer
@@thomassaehler9038 Then he's an damn outstanding teleprompt reader, man.
As a South-Tyrolean (ethnic German Italian citizen), I can tell you that the results of the Peace Conference continue to cast huge shadows in South Tyrol. While tensions have eased in recent decades, there is still a strong divide between Italian-speakers and German-speakers. Identity is a huge issue, as is bilingualism and the question of political autonomy from Rome (which was granted in the 50s-60s). We have Italian fascists who still advocate a policy of Italianisation, and on the other hand extreme local German nationalists who advocate secession. The conflict remains unresolved.
Moderate South Tyroleans sometimes struggle or disagree about their identity. Some have started to identify as Italians as tensions with the Italian minority have eased. Others identify as German, but tolerate being part of Italy. Others again simply identify as Tyroleans - whatever that may mean to them. The majority identify as a bit of each: not fitting entirely into one category, yet somehow being in multiple categories at once. Opinion of the government in Rome is extremely low. All of this means that potential tensions are ever below the surface - waiting for someone to ignite them.
Recently, talks began in Austria's far-right government to extend Austrian citizenship to all non-Italian South Tyroleans. This throws a massive spanner in the very slow process of reconciling the two groups and reinforces ethnic conflict which has waxed and waned for 100 years.
Interessante commento! Com'è stata vista in generale l'idea di estendere la cittadinanza austriaca agli alto-atesini non italiani? Se l'opinione generale sul governo italiano è molto bassa com'è quella riguardo il governo Kurz?
Ho visitato la provincia di Bolzano soltanto una volta, un paio di anni fa. L'impressione che ho avuto (sicuramente incompleta) è che entrambi gli estremismi erano ad un livello molto basso, davvero pensi che ci sia il rischio di nuovi problemi?
thanks for your insight!
the Italian South-Tyrolean friend forgot to mention that the Italian government uses its velvet gloves to treat its region, allowing it to retain and manage 90% of local and regional taxes (while the totality of the other Italian regions must pay all taxes in Rome).
Precisely for this reason the Italians South Tyrolean are seen as privileged people from the italian people, with a special treatment that does not exist in Europe and would not have if they were under the Austrian government!
Moral? with the money they have, they will bark but they won't bite!
The South Tyrolean are not the only people in the world that have been annexed by another state, hundreds and hundreds of modern countries have been founded in this way (after hundreds of wars in so many centuries) so they have to do a reason !
bye from Italy
@@lacasadipavlov Ciao amico :-) I'll answer in English, so other people can understand as well:
In regard to extending Austrian citizenship: This has not been finalised yet; the Austrian government has been discussing it. Many people in South Tyrol - especially in the more conservative, rural areas - do support the move. Many others however dislike it, because they see it as Austrian meddling in affairs which are not their own, and because it further divides society. Amongst the more moderate South Tyroleans, Kurz' government has a very bad image, especially due to its far-right stances.
In regard to political extremism in general:
During the last two decades, tensions have eased significantly, though the core disagreements still remain. During the last couple of years, political extremism has been on the rise again as society polarises (much like in the rest of Europe). Far-right ideology is gathering support; in the more conservative rural areas, support for local nationalism and opposition to Rome is rising. The SVP - the centre-left moderate people's party, which for 50 years dominated local politics with its no-nonsense approach, political competence and smart diplomacy in regard to the government in Rome, is losing voters to more populist, right-wing fringe groups. At the same time, the Italian component of the population, which amounts to about 30%, showed its favourable attitude toward Italian fascism during the last national election, when 1 in 3 of Italian-speaking voters voted for Salvini's Lega.
As a moderate who has always tried to reconcile the two sides, I was truly disgusted by that. I have Italian-speaking friends who were horrified to see just how many of their Italian-speaking compatriots were fascist sympathisers.
I hope that answered your question :-)
Cari saluti!
@@Alopex1 Grazie mille!! ;)
"Closet Croat!"
Political insults just aren't what they used to be. Sigh
Buenisimo
Moron party mask face.
Der kleine dicke Syphillis verseuchte D Annuzio der erste italienische Faschist fand ein schnelles Ende genauso wie der Massenmörder Mussolini, die selbsternannten sogenannten Herrenmenschen und IhremmTraum eines Imperium Romanum im östlichen Mittelmeer, fanden schnell ihr Ende von 1918 bis 1943 dauerte die Okkupation, dank der Allierten(USA Großbritannien, Frankreich Sowjetunion) und Marshall Josip Broz Tito wurden die vielen kleinen Mussolinis dahin geschickt wo Sie hingehören zur Cosa Nostra und N dragheta nach Italien. Istrien und Dalmatien, mehrheitlich von Slowenen, Kroaten und Serben seit Jahrhunderten bevölkert, das 700 Jahre mit Österreich -Ungarn eine friedliche Koexistenz bildeten, ist nun befreit von den einstigen Sklavenhaltern und Galdiatorenliebhabern. No paseran ihr spaghettis
@@Mr1960grguric nimm deine pillen.
@@addiction4062 so ein Langweiler sind Sie, abgedroschen Phrasen nutzen, Orginalität 0,00 % aber was will man von einem Mussolinifan und Annunziofaschistenfanatiker schon anderes erwarten!
We think this is one of a few great history channels on TH-cam.
We always support avid history lovers in any way we can!:)
thanks guys, keep up the great naval work too. Maybe we should work on something in the future ;)
Do that
Gg
@@TheGreatWar Please tell our friends at World of warships that Germany never had aircraft carriers during the two great wars and that higher tier destroyer AA needs to be nerfed.
Thanks.
(Meanwhile in Switzerland)
Switzerland: Wait what happened
Switzerland was having cheese and wine while watching the rabble having a go at each other down there at those dirty trenches.
I'm still waiting for that special episode for what happened in Switzerland.
@@loganroy3381 Busy making wonderful movements for the watches, a craft we still enjoy today. Oh, and probably having fun in the mountains with the ladies. Nice.
During both world wars, Switzerland mobilized it's army to make sure it wouldn't be invaded. Note that other neutral countries were invaded in both wars.
Clemenceau being a savage as usual
all this after having been shot.....
I really like Clemenceau - his nickname sure fit, "the Tiger" . . .
Do you mean; cavemanish and troglodyte ?
v
This is what a History channel should be... Indy's part was excellent but this is more relaxed, more time, more details, congratulations!
Thanks, glad you like the new concept.
I live in Istria, in my hometown the dominant language was Italian (nealry 90 %), and they even sent a delegation in november 1918 to Venice to request an occupation by the Italian Army (or Navy), on the other side 5 km from the coast the population was mailny of slavic language and they wanted to join the new Yugoslavia. In many towns there were comities, the italian voted/decided to join Italy and the slavic to join Yugoslavia. How to apply self determination in this case ?
Well, now we only have the Trieste part of Istria so...
Meglio Trieste e Fiume stati liberi, 2 lingue ufficiali
“Let’s promise Italy lotsa the Adriatic” -Britain
“Kay” -France
3 years later...
“Hey so can we get what you promised us?” -Italy
“Nah, lets give it to this new Austria-Hungary” -Allies
20 years later..
“We shall regain what Italy lost!” (Italy declares war on Allies)
“How could this happen?”
It is simply staggering how so many decisions were made with so little foresight or simple common sense.
Cause and effect is something that a lot of people simply have no clue about
Actually Italy aimed to gain Nice and Corsica from France, the war with Yugoslavia was a weird carambola derived from Mussolini's frustration at his actual defeat at the Alps vs France (which surrendered to Germany without Italy making any inroads) and deciding to take revenge on Greece, with whom it had lesser border issues re. Albania.
I also suspect he was incited by British secret agents hoping to delay Operation Barbarossa, which was anyhow the actual oucome, arguably saving the USSR from utter defeat in a blitz.
In any case two of my grandfather's brothers died in that stupid Albanian war.
Did I mention that Yugoslavia was only caught in between by accident?
@@LuisAldamiz >Did I mention that Yugoslavia was only caught in between by accident?
more or less. the allies couped the legitimate government that wanted to allow the germans to pass through to greece peacefully. even without the greece war the axis would have to invade it anyways since that coup was going to happen either way.
You understand why the Italians wanted revenge
@@LuisAldamizItaly passed in the Alps
I like this guy.
we do too
Woodenhead Wilson - mangling the peace - well, such as it was - with his naïveté and his insistence on his Fourteen Points. I like what Clemenceau said of them - "even God had only ten!"
Wilson's Fourteen Points in the Balkans? You're dead.
Not so much naive as racist AF.
The Allies and especially the british were always making contradicting promises, promising the same land to different countries
Jesse Alexander you did fantastic work. From Hong Kong
In Support of the HK protests here. Hope Hong Kong gets what it wants, and also that Beijing allows it to be FREE
Awesome video keep up the great work!
So we could not take some cities with italian majority for "self determination" but milions and milions of germans could not live in germany but inside Poland,France or Czechoslavakia
French and British hypicrisy at best. The two most warlike country in Europe championing democrazy and half the world believing it
Empires enacting "anti-imperial" policy on their competitors. Nothing to see here, folks. No parallels can be drawn, even today. No, sir!
Comfort. Convenience. Hypocrisy. That is the name of the game.
@@ryanjuguilon213 in fact, more than a third of the world in colonial enslavement by British or French, but in Europe “self-determination”
18:47 -19:02 Georges "Thug Life" Clemenceau
I didn't think that guy could get any higher on my list of incompetent and utterly evil warmongers, but he managed it.
@ The character is much more complex. He actually stood up to defend wrongly accused people - especially jew captain Dreyfuss - fought back the first motorised gang in history (la bande à Bonot), and maintained his own newspapers which were arguably pretty strong on fairness of treatment and free speach. And especially the guy knew how to be insulting to others with style ^^
@ building highways or putting up the economy are simply "efficient" deeds, defending the defenceless is a good moral deed. Also congratulations on a quick Godwin point :p
Been subscribed since the beginning. Still following avidly. Have been both informed and enriched by the series. Great work.
And-Hi Flo!
Hi Bill!
@Jim lastname In reality, I am a performer, one half of a duo called "The Unpaid Bills".
@Jim lastname Bill and I don't have any recorded work at this time (we work together to host an open mic in Pgh, Pa), but here's one of my originals for your listening pleasure: th-cam.com/video/Kdoe5l6BjcE/w-d-xo.html
Hope you like it!
Keep up the great work, guys! It's awesome to see this channel still going strong.with more and more intriguing topics.
Finally! A new video! Love it!
A cover in turkish war for independence would be interesting
*_Attatürk Appears_*
How can you ignore Atatürk and his revolution.
Remember the Armenian genocide of 1915!
The only noteworthy thing Ataturk has ever done was to order his men to die at Gallipoli
Oh the ottomans are beaten let s divide their whole empire
*atatürk joins the chat*
Jessie you getting much better, viewers want see that level of energy.
thanks for the feedback. He will appreciate that.
Unbelievable and rather disturbing to see how - no more then six months after the fighting in one of worlds greatest tragedies has stopped - a new cluster-f*ck of epic proportions is already in the making , for everyone to see....and no one seems to take notice.
that's the human life... when you solve a problem there're lots of new ones...
I guess so, the road to hell is paved with good intentions.
Good point on the Italians viewing the war as part of the Risorgimento. In Italy I’ve seen WW I war memorials refer to the Fourth War of Independence.
'nduja
Even among the Allies, Italy, Belgium and Japan were already angry
Finally finally finally I am all caught up with the series! I've been plugging away at this channel since mid 2017. I took my time and enjoyed it like a fine wine. I'd watch each video 2-3 times to really absorb the content. I also lurked the comments because there are so many smart mofos here that add so much more color to these subjects.
I have to say, learning about this conflict and the aftermath at this level of detail has really boosted Jeopardy skills. My wife was baffled when I helped her solve "Riga" on crossword puzzle where the clue was a four letter word for a "Baltic coastal capital"
This channel has truly rekindled my love for WWI history that began back in middle school when I wrote an essay on how modern technology vastly outpaced military tactics at the onset of the Great War. It is now such a fixture in my life and I can't wait to pass this knowledge on to my children, because Lord knows the US school system sure ain't going to.
Hats off to the Great War team, you guys are keeping obscure (albeit vitally important) history alive!
P.S. I am the proud owner of a 1:350 scale model of the SMS Emden thanks to you!
This is one of the most encouraging comments I read in a while, thank you. We hope to enlighten you further of course and if you watch the show with your children one day, let us know. Cheers Flo
Best episode yet!! Great work.
“He feared an alliance between Germany, the Soviet Union, and Japan”
Oohf, that foreshadowing
tommy karrick, it was a stupid fear
Love the channel. Keep it up guys!
Tunnel Channel? In 1919? Is that where the idea to build Eurotunnel across Pas de Calais appeared?
The idea dates back to the 19th century even but this was interesting because it was proposed by Lloyd-George himself.
@@TheGreatWar Wow. Didn't konw about that. Oh well, it's never late to learn :)
it has been an idea since much, much longer. In the Astérix album in Britain, they are already talking about building the tunnel.
On a more serious note I think Napoleon considered the idea to invade England
I didn't know about this either, although I am not surprised the idea was around, was there ever any serious plans to build this and was the technology available back then?
@@enema6222 Napoleon actually have plans to invade Britain thru a tunnel AND a fleet of balloons
Wilson got to decide the fate of Europe, but he never even visited the region before becoming the President. so how could he decide fairly from his ivory tower?
“An extreme nationalism based on Victimhood.”
No sentence has ever described fascism better in so few words.
The Italians were neglected yes, they were much less powerful than the English or French.
And it seems only the US is driven by idealism, which you could say they can afford; being more interested in securing international trade and a stable world order.
The problems with nationalism however, is that even when the issue is undertanable; nationalism always seem to lead to an over reaction.
It did so in my own country when wanting independence; were f.ex a bishop gave a speech saying it would be cowardly and against God if we didn't accept 60-70.000 dead (not including wounded) before agreeing to diplomacy!
Patriotism is one thing, but it's a very fine line between patriotism and nationalism (they are a bit linked after all), but I'd say nationalism is what fosters the US/THEM think, just to separate them.
And 100 years later we have extreme anti-nationalism based on victimhood.
@@mrhills8868 if by "live under their own rule", you mean live under the boot of bigoted violence and intimidation unless you're in the ruling class, then yes that's what Italy got after Mussolini. Have you seen Jim Carrey's portrait of him and his wife? Beautiful.
@@JohnnyAloha69 No, we have crying beta snowflakes and virgins like you, who think they're victims of, wait for it, people like transsexuals and loud women. All the nationalism has ever given us was 2 world wars
what a stupid explanation, this was a natural reaction to sanctions and BS made to create conflicts, like the Yankees are doing nowadays, under the control of the Bankers, USA e GETTA and stand up when Betzy come to congress
The interwar period paved the way for WW2. In this episode, one sees some of the resentments that fueled the next great war.
The Interwar period is actually my favourite era in history
13:15 A wild FDR appears!
sharp eyes!
Fortuna uses GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME. It's super effective!
HAHAHAHAHA!
I was thinking WW1 was interesting but after the war, it gets, even more, interesting, helped by this channel and presentation - it just getting better and better and I am learning more and more
As someone who studied linguistics and translation theory at university, I very much appreciated the translation of putting the toothpaste back into the tube!
I liked the almost random mexican fact at the end.
Tu put it simply it's a clusterfuck
That it is, comrade Patrick. 😂
Yugoslavia in a nutshell.
Just like Russia in 1920.
So much history was happening 100 years ago, i seriously pleased you are still covering what happened. I remember seeing a Russell Crowe movie where he is looking for his sons and they are tied up in the Turkish Greek war 1920's..fascinating and i doubt any other movie covers the period
Why is this channel so good please stop I have finals let me study
4:54 "Over 1 milion of slovenes and croats under italian rule"? Please guys don't be stingy, let's say 3 milions, ok? Seriously 1 milion it's a very controversial figure and if you know history and demografic evolotion of those territories you will end up sayng that over 1 milion of slovenes and croats under italian rule, it's a totallly unrealistic sentence. Which source did you use in order to state that?
Great to see this channel continuing!
Great work guys, especially Jessie.
Thanks!
The war truly never ended, not until 1949.
great series
Has it fully ended now? The Middle East….
The war never ends
great show man!
Seems like Italy paid 600.000 soldiers' lifes for a lesser empire than envisaged. Throwing away lower class peoples' lifes for territorial gains that did not help their families. What about italy's veterans, widdows und orphans?
Love the intro
Ehh I can’t agree
Clemenceau was the biggest savage change my mind.
well I'm not about to change an already set mind, this would make no sense. But you should start by considering what is a savage, start by a definition, then there can be a discussion
This savage won the war. Churchill was largely influenced by him in Second World War. Copying his style and his speech.
World War I started a lot more wars than it ended
You could thank the Serb that shot the Austrian Arch Duke of that.
The Italians could never get used to the fact that the Western Roman Empire collapsed. They wanted to recreate one and instead got Fascist Italy and Doom.
1919: "Go to the Balkans and try a experiment with the 14 points."
80s-90s: "Brioni, Carrington disaster, Vance-Owen, "safe area" and i tako dalje..."
Very good video!
Congrats to everyone!
I would lake to hear more about the Hungarian Socialist Republic and their problems with the French, Serbs and Romanians. I couldn't find information in the last episode (5).
Stamen Belchev Great Point
I too would like this information.
I'm sure they will, but it is always good to ask.
continuing great job by Daniel your map maven
"We believe in self determination, now give us more land from the conquered!"
Luigi Cardona is starting to sound rational when compared to this statement.
Entente: "self determination!"
France: "uhhh not for Corsica, Alsace, or any colony!"
England " Not for Ireland, or Scotland or any colonies"
USA "No, guys, we uhhh, I mean, not for Philippines or Hawaii!"
@The Great War - You continue to get better - which is no small feat! - with each episode. Jesse's narration is wonderfully clear. Very much appreciate the information about D'Annunzio, of whom I'd not heard much before your excellent presentation. He wrote some very poetic lines indeed! I was shocked to learn of the Italian government supporting all those different groups with arms and aid. Again after watching an episode of The Great War, as the French say, I "go to bed less stupid".
D'Annunzio was an extremist but (some of) his poems are excellent! He was considered several times for the Nobel Prize
@lacasadipavlov - Thank you for your comment; I will seek out some of his poems (in translation, alas, I don't speak or read Italian).
@@shawngilliland243 You could find some of his best works in an anthology called Notturno. Incidentally, he wrote most of these poems during a recovering period in hospital, he was injured during his military missions in World War I!
Thanks Shawn, glad we made you "less stupid", haha.
@lacasadipavlov - Thank you very much for suggesting Notturno. :-)
It really seems like the Versailles Peace didn't satisfy anyone
You understand that, which took the world 20 years to figure out.
What a joke the Treaty Versailles was.
It means that Versailles was balanced.
Sounds like the Paris Peace Conference was a very hotly contested affair. With many batter n bruised feelings on both sides. Great job.
Notice Roosevelt seated behind Wilson at 13:15.
Another great video
I really wonder why all of the European allies didn’t tell America to go fly a kite during the peace talks. America came in late and lost next to nothing compared to the other allies. Why did Wilson get such control over the peace talks.
Because they held the lion share of British, French and Italian wartime debt. The Americans dis something meaningful in France militarily speaking, but next to nothing in Italy, for instance, where they sent a single regiment. Italian distrust of the US was born there.
18:58 SAVAGE ROAST
Indi looks very different :P
Spooker Red Menace more Canadian than usual
@@lobaandrade7172 hahaha true :P
When exactly did he turn into a twee Canadian skinhead with giant hands??! :-(
21:34 that statement is eerily similar to the current statements about italian political status
This period in European history has to be one of the most chaotic and wartorn periods.
I hope you will cover almost all important countrys in that period
How could anyone ever believe that war would so how bring peace to peoples so divided, and so full of anger and hate.
@Troy Staunton Suppose that one nation made of one race, of the same religion, wiped everybody else, and took over the world. Over time new differences would arise and war would return, it is the nature of man.
Interesting how The Great War and Indy Neidell are now competing in the “between two wars” industry.
What a coincidence that my desk is exactly at yours. Ikea is great ain't it?
Excellent Episode Indeed!
Yay a new vid!!
Mussolini? We’ll never hear from him again
if only bro, if only....
Unfortunatly...
This channel is still really well done
Had Italy stuck with the central powers, would that have turned the tide of WWI? Would Italy have been better off with the central powers? They got so shafted in the aftermath
We will never know. Perhaps Austria-Hungary and Italy would have fought together against France or against Russia. Even so, surely France, Russia and the UK would have made changes in their strategies in order to compensate for fighting against Italy.
They would get Nice, Corsica, Tunisia and perhaps Savoy
@@ryanjuguilon213 but not Trieste
@@ryanjuguilon213 I Don’t know about Savoy, it’s fully French, even the Italian patriots in independence wars didn’t consider it Italian
@@t.a.n.o.b.5332 true but the Central powers still offered the territories
Amazing that the previous video I watched, the peace talks ending WWI, talked about Germany, never mentioned Austria/Hungry destruction.
This gentleman Is perfect in English, but also Italian and French pronunciation Is outstanding!
8:45 It should be Italian Fascist Party, not in lower-case letters.
It's hilarious that a madman like Wilson would accuse Orlando of having an unstable mind!
This channel is still relevant
Rijeka (Croatian) = Fiume (Italian) = River (English)
Top episode, thanks.
Even today I admire the backbone of Orlando and Sonnino and withdraw from the “conference”. In 20/20 hindsight they where right on every single point.
Mediolanon How so? Their demands were over the top.
@@PaulInPorirua Well is interesting to see Wilson double standard: Fiume is off limit because of self determination and anti imperialism (in an area that was more or less 50/50 split between italians and croatians), and then proceed to ship a whole region of 100% Chinese people to Imperial Japan. If you see that from an Italian perspective, demanding Fiume was not so far fetched (and after all, Italian politicians had to deal with their own population)
Also, in hindsight 20/20, giving the city would have declawed Mussolini in the Italian politics, which would have been a nice thing to happen
@@PaulInPorirua these where not demands, but simply expecting the "Allies" to deliver what was agreed upon in the secret London treaty. The lunacy of the Allies to prefer to give in to claims from a non extant nation ("The Kingdom of Yugoslavia") that wasn't even an allied nation to begin with; provided the fuel that fascism (or any other ism) needed to grow. Basically the seeds for second war was planted and started with the Anglo British imbeciles betraying another Ally. But then again, this is what the French and British would continue to do to various poor countries such as Finland,, Poland, Norway that had the misfortune of relying on Anglo British "promises" of assistance" in the next conflict. But in the end it is fair, Italy should not have joined WW1 and should have stayed neutral and a victory in war should never be rewarded with territories that have been part of other nations for ages.
@@marcogrigolo2228 Rijeka/Fuime actually was annexed by Italy but that didn't stop Mussolini's rise. The city only became part of Yugoslavia in 1945.
@@jakovmarelic That's true, but we have to see how it became Italian: First D'Annunzio (a VERY pro-fascist at the time, before he realized he was a puppet, not a main player in the party), occupied the city, which is a huge propagandist victory for them. Then they get their ass kicked out of the city by the Italian army, with the Treaty of Rapallo (see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1920)), which is another huge victory for the Fascist since now every Italian hates its own government. Then in 1924, when the Fascist were in control of Italy already (march on Rome was in '22), it became Italian.
Somehow it managed to screw over both Kingdoms: The Kingdom of Yugoslavia because it did not get what would have been one of their most important port in the Nation, The Kingdom of Italy because while economically Fiume was not as vital, it gave a huge propagandist boost (with the "Mutilated Victory" and all the other crap) to the fascist party.
Clemenceau throws some shade on Belgium!
Wilson was more a problem than a solver to European concerns and disputes. He never understand that deep internal divides were forcing these countries to not agree to long term peace. I can't blame Italy for being hurt by the their allies. What Wilson and France and Great Britian did to Italy was disgusting. This caused the black shirts to rise in power.
But if they had given in to Italy's ridiculously overblown demands, what they would've done to Yugoslavia would've been disgusting. Refusing any compromise was a stance that no one could realistically be expected to accept. Sure, the position of the Italian government was driven by its internal enemies. But why should the other nations appease Italy's ultranationalist nutjobs at the cost of others?
@Viktor Samoja 600k soldiers died, and pinned down 2M Austro Ungarian soldiers that would have otherwise been in Belgium/Middle East. As for the objective, it was difficult to advance against well protected Mountain passes: it is not a coincidence that the main Italian victory in Vittorio Veneto came when the lines were established in the plains of Veneto
@Viktor Samoja Agreed, but ineptitude or not, they still pinned down 2 Million soldiers there and sacrificed many lives: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Front_(World_War_I). Actually, 2.3 M where the losses (captured, dead, injured) on the Austrian side, the total army was probably more
@@varana because the entente were the ones to propose giving us that land in 1915, not us💀
Italy thought that Great Britain and France spat on their sacrifice but that was actually American they really did this and basically made totally become an enemy and for people say Yugoslavia needed that land Wilson should of respected that those lands were promised to Italy and that by not giving them the Italians it would make them angry and resentful and makes all those people that died in the war kinda dying for nothing
Great video. ☺☺
South Tyrol belongs to Serbia!
underrated comment
No
@@enema6222 Norther Ireland belongs to Bulgaria
@@enema6222 Estonia belongs to Spain
Kosovo belongs to Italy
Could you do a video on the march on Rome and all the footage you can find on Mussolini?
Top channel.
I wish you uploaded more
Oh boy, more from this channel
"Us, poor little ones of Christ?" D'Annunzio at 9:24 what the heck ! Politicians really like to mix religion and politics. Great episode as usual. Cheers !
That was some pretty mad genius mental gymnastics.
it's a pretty often used expression in italian, even still to this day: "povero cristiano". When translated literally it takes much more pompousness than it really has in the use of Italian people.
@@lapetitebandeacademy8910 Thanks for your clarification
I'm really enjoying this series.
Hello fans of history and history friends! I'm Zack Twamley and I run the history podcast When Diplomacy Fails. Currently I'm examining this era, and tracing the events that occurred 100 years ago! I call it the Versailles Anniversary Project, and we're just about to examine the Greek landing in Smyrna! I hope you'll check it out, but if not, thanksss for reading :D