Iron & Blood: German War 1866
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After settling the Schleswig-Holstein question in 1864, Austria and Prussia are uneasy allies. Both are the biggest players in the German confederation. In Bismarck's dream of a united Germany, he sees Prussia as the only leader and wants to force the so called "small German solution" without Austria. And so, in 1866 a war between Austria and Prussia (plus other German states like Bavaria, Baden, Württemberg, Saxony, Hanover) breaks out to settle this question once and for all.
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Chapters:
00:00 Road to War
06:41 Outbreak of the War
08:49 Prussian and Austrian armaments
20:53 Bohemian Campaign
30:12 Battle of Königgrätz
38:30 Hannover Campaign
40:41 Main River Campaign
46:12 Italian Front
51:52 Peace Negotiations
» LITERATURE
• Arand, Tobias: 1870/71. Der Deutsch-Französische Krieg erzählt in Einzelschicksalen. Hamburg 2018
• Arand, Tobias; Bunnenberg, Christian: 'Ohne Düppel kein Königgrätz, ohne Königgrätz kein Sedan, ohne Sedan kein deutsches Kaiserreich!' - Der Gedächtnisort Düppel/Dybbol und seine Entwicklung in der deutschen und dänischen Erinnerungskultur von 1864 bis zur Gegenwart, in: Gedächtnisräume. Geschichtsbilder und Erinnerungskulturen in Norddeutschland, hrsg. v. J. Fuge, R. Hering und H. Schmid. Göttingen 2014. S. 159-182
• Bauer, Gerhard u.a. (Hrsg.): Ausst.-Kat. MHM Dresden ‚Krieg - Macht - Nation. Wie das deutsche Kaiserreich entstand. Dresden 2020
• Bichler, Karl-Horst; Shen, Ruijun: Der Preußisch-Österreichische Krieg in Böhmen 1866. Berlin 2009
• Birk, Eberhard: „Auf Euch ruht das Heil meines theuren Württemberg!“. Das Gefecht bei Tauberbischofsheim am 24. Juli 1866 im Spiegel der württembergischen Heeresgeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Norderstedt 2006
• Blazek, Matthias: Die Schlacht bei Trautenau. Der einzige Sieg Österreichs im Deutschen Krieg 1866. Stuttgart 2012
• Bremm, Klaus-Jürgen: 1866. Bismarcks Krieg gegen die Habsburger. Darmstadt 2016
• Drews, Arne G. (Hrsg.): Der lange Abschied. Das Ende des Königreichs Hannover 1866 und die Folgen. Göttingen 2009
• Freivogel, Zvonimir: Die Schlacht von Lissa am 20. Juli 1866. Zagreb 2017
• Gall, Horst; Lappenkühler, Ulrich (Hrsg.): Bismarcks Mitarbeiter. Paderborn, München, Wien, Zürich 2009
• Lappenkühler, Ulrich; Ohnezeit, Maik (Hrsg.): 1870/71. Reichsgründung in Versailles. Friedrichsruh 2021
• Mährle, Wolfgang (Hrsg.): Nation im Siegesrausch. Württemberg und die Gründung des Deutschen Reichs 1870/71. Stuttgart 2020
• Schivelbusch, Wolfgang: Die Kultur der Niederlage. Berlin 2001
• Storz, Dieter; Hohrath, Daniel (Hrsg.): Nord gegen Süd. Der Deutsche Krieg 1866. Ingolstadt 2016
• Herre, Franz: Kaiser Wilhelm I. Der letzte Preuße. Köln 1980
• Ders.: Moltke. Der Mann und sein Jahrhundert. Stuttgart 1984
• Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt durch Wolfgang von Groote und Ursula von Gersdorff (Hrsg.): Entscheidung 1866. Der Krieg zwischen Österreich und Preußen. Stuttgart 1966
• Rothenberg, Gunther: The Army of Francis Joseph. Purdue 1976.
• Schoeps, Julius: Der Weg ins deutsche Kaiserreich. Frankfurt a. M. 1980
• Stürmer, Michael: Das ruhelose Reich. Deutschland 1866-1918. Gütersloh 1983
• Tittmann, Alex: Der Deutsche Krieg von 1866 im Raum Würzburg. Würzburg 1986
• Wandruschka, Adam: Schicksalsjahr 1866. Graz, Wien, Köln 1966
as well as various primary sources
»CREDITS
Presented by: Jesse Alexander
Written by: Cathérine Pfauth, Prof. Dr. Tobias Arand, Jesse Alexander
Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig
Director of Photography: Toni Steller
Sound: Above Zero
Editing: Toni Steller
Motion Design: Toni Steller
Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: above-zero.com
Digital Maps: Canadian Research and Mapping Association (CRMA), Battlefield Design
Research by: Cathérine Pfauth, Prof. Dr. Tobias Arand, Jesse Alexander
Fact checking: Cathérine Pfauth, Prof. Dr. Tobias Arand
Channel Design: Simon Buckmaster
Contains licensed material by getty images
Maps: MapTiler/OpenStreetMap Contributors & GEOlayers3
All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2022
TH-cam channels like this are the reason i can't be bothered with the History Channel nowadays. I'm sick of ancient aliens nonsense.
...including nature and exploration channels (once reputable) that have shifted from their original content to make fake documentaries about mermaids and Bigfoot garbage along with a plethora of silly paranormal content.
If you're tired of ancient aliens there's always a show about Hitlers secret something or other
@@norwegianwiking so true but trouble is you can't teach stupid like Santos
@@norwegianwiking Hitler’s Secret Super Human Shampoo.
When ancient aliens came out it was all down hill from there lol
Fun fact: This is the same austrian emperor that would be on the throne at the start of WW1. He ruled 68 years (1848-1916) and basically witnessed the entire era of industrialization. When he became Emperor people travelled on horses, when he died planes and zepplins were normal things already. He went from the muzzle loader and Napoleonic war tactics to the machine guns and trench warfare of WW1.
He basically was the to the 19th century what Queen Elizabeth was to the 20th century: That one ruler everyone knows that refuses to die.
I suppose you could say the same about queen Victoria
@@Laulo89
And Louis XIV
@@miliba exactly
6th
⁶⁶6⁶⁶⁶⁶⁶
I just love the idea of Bismarck shouting and stamping his feet at a literal king to get what he wanted.
Watch the series "Fall of the eagles" excellent portrayal of the chancellor by an amazing actor.
He did this multiple times, until a future German emperor eventually got tired of it and sacked him
@zekariyaszelelew5695 "This is disgusting." Moltke
My challenge was first getting the king into Austria and then getting him out again.-Bismarck.
I do as well.
Real Time History has made some great episodes and series but they pushed the boat out with this really detailed explanation of the conflict. Well done Jesse & team.
Well said. Sail on RTH!
Well said, well said!
Pushed the boat out, eh... Haven't heard that one before lol (not native English speaker)
It’s actually so crazy how underrated this TH-cam channel is
@@RooZvonBooZ either is the person that made that dumb statement
I appreciate your content, because it's a serious and mature presentation of history, without being dry and boring. A lot of TH-cam channels dedicated to presenting history seem to tailor their content to 15-year-olds, with cartoon-like animation, adolescent dialog, and a real lack of depth. Real Time History is refreshing in its approached.
These videos from this series are absolutely better than ANYTHING I ever saw on the "History" channel. The depth of the weaponry breakdowns, the knowledge of how to properly pronounce words of other languages and even speak them, the factual information instead of popularized characterizations. It's all golden!
Yep.
NPC comment
The only thing wrong with this video is that it's just one video. I could have watched hours and hours of this. Brilliant work. Excited to see what's next! (I have my fingers firmly crossed for: Solferino/Sardinian War and Crimea!)
we're working Crimea already, but it will take a while.
@@realtimehistory make sure to involved Brett Gibbons (youtube "papercartridges") and/or Rob from British muzzleloaders.
They are the experts when it come to the rifle musket.
and that Hannover was an Austrian ally
@@realtimehistory I can hardly wait for the Crimean war documentary. One of the most interesting wars of the 19th century.
Make a video :
World War I battle of Somme
Fun fact: Helmuth von Moltke is the oldest person in history whose voice is recorded.
really ? wow.
I think oldes recorded voice is from Lajos Kossuth
@@Dr.Di.979 I’m not sure who was first but moltke is the oldest (ie earliest born) person with a recorded voice. He was born in 1800.
@@augustvonmackensen3902 Yeah j understood you comment later and that i made mistake, but i didnt wanted to delete or change comment because its also interesting fact
@@Dr.Di.979 yeah no worries man, it defo is.
On a different note, we’re so accustomed to hearing recorded voices these days it’s almost difficult to comprehend how people must have felt hearing one for the first time.
This has to be the first time I've ever heard the name of Auschwitz in a context other than the Concentration Camp...
And also the first time that the "6 millions" cliché is not repeated, victims were more probably something like 2.200.000 victims (still a frightening number!), if we have to believe Hoess deposition at the Nuremberg trial (Hoess was the director of Auschwitz - Birchenau but he was heard as witness at the Nuremberg process).
34:21, you placed the prussian V Corps (Steinmetz) ahead of the 2nd Army, but this unit did not arrive on the battlefield until dusk. First units were parts of the Garde-Korps (1st Division Wilhlem Hiller von Gaertingen) and a division from the VI Corps (Mutius). Even King Wilhlem wrote to his wife that he could not find Steinmetz after the battle.
The first Corps was also some hours behind the garde, again quoting Wawro: because of the incompetence of Corps Commander Bonin. You said it correct, but the grafiks are not. But even with this detail it is a magnificent documentary!
This was amazing. Also, I always love hearing Jesse speak foreign languages, you do so very well. Great pronunciation all around.
This channel is impeccable! I love researching this conflict, and videos on it are not the most common yet. Thank you for adding this gem to the lot!
Amputees were also very common during the similar era American Civil War. The Minie bullet and rifle bullets at the time, had a hollow or concave shape at the base of the bullet and tended to tumble in flight and wreck havoc whenever they passed through human flesh. Hollow bullet charges are now deemed inhumane and not used in most modern militaries (by treaty I think), but in the era (1860s), they were widely used by many armies and being hit by such a bullet in the arm or leg will smash the bone, meaning amputation for that limb. Very common occurrence.
A hollow base makes bullets more aerodynamically stable, not less.
Hollow point bullets, which were banned in the hague convention of the 1890s, were not common in the 1860s, as normal small arms projectiles were made from soft lead, resulting in the expansion of the projectile in tissue; they don't have a strong need for further internal expansion. The later-developed hollow points were intended to replicate the expansion of soft lead bullets in the new jacketed projectiles used with smokeless powder, basically speaking.
Thanks...We never knew this astonishing Fact 😅😅😅
Yes: the use of bullets that expand within the body was prohibited by The Hague Convention of 1899. To this day the International Criminal Court considers their use a war crime.
thats bullshit and anyone with the slightest knowledge of firearms history know it.
I am researching Civil War Union veterans pensions, and amputations were only about five percent of the pensioners. I was surprised too!
This was great and very enjoyable. Just a quick question at 46:30 you mention Rome when referring to the Italian government. I don't think Rome was the capital of Italy yet since it was still part of the papal states. Besides that this was great and I really liked how you talked about the southern states being uncooperative instead of working together to defeat the Prussian Army of the Main
it was a temp capital with florence at the time
@@lordraydens exactly, the capital of Italy was moved to Florence from Turin in 1865, until 1870 when finally Rome was conquered from the Pope after the fall of Napoleon III at Sedan.
Brilliant video! Thank you for doing this one. I am currently working on a wargame covering the Battle of Koniggratz and your video has reinforced many of the features I've included in the game. This is such a fascinating period of history. Thanks again and well done.
An hour long Reel Time History video on the Austro-Prussian War of 1866? Yes, please! Now I have my video for lunch today with more waiting for me when I get home!
Also, as it is my birthday, I'll pretend this was released today for that purpose.
happy birthday!
Love the collaboration with Royal Armouries and all the work you guys put in these videos, even quoting letters from prominent personalities, can't even comprehend the research you guys must have been through for a videos like this. THANK YOU 👃
I've really been looking forward to your series covering the Austro-Prussian war! Sad to see that it has been reduced to just a video but it's understandable 🤷♂️ Looking forward to even more content for your team in the future! 😊
I watched it just last week. its 6 long hours of quality content. Definitely go watch their new video
Hey Jesse and real time history crew! Great detail, thanks for not forgetting the great Giuseppe Garibaldi! Us old blood Italian's appreciate it! So happy to see this up today! Now my happy history friday is complete with this video and my other favorite history creator's posts! It's how I unwind on my Friday after the every week routine! Y'all take care see you guys soon!
Technology is always a slave to established tactics. When you are training generations to fire a volley or two at close range and then decide the issue with the bayonet, a superior technological breakthrough is ignored. The carnage of the Great War showed that these lessons are difficult to learn.
Fantastic production as always. Great fun to watch, highly educational, and great production quality. Plus an appearance from Jonathan Ferguson, you guys know how to put a great doc together
Absolutely thrilled to see a HIGH QUALITY documentary on this often overlooked conflict.
I've gotta ask; did Bismarck call his memoirs his....
Ottobiography?
Excited for this one. Your episode on the Schleswig Wars was excellent.
Perfect work, thanks a lot. For those trying to locate the places on maps: I think there is a small typo at 29:51 - battle of Glitschin is mentioned, while the correct spelling is Gitschin (present day Jičín)
This guy & his historical documentaries are special. Articulate & impeccable research. Marvellous to watch & enjoy.
Excellent - there is about 3 books worth of reading here condensed into less than an hour. Thank you so much for helping me get a grasp on this important part of European history.
This history kind of makes my head spin...so much going on. Mom's grandparents came from an hour south of Hannover, and also from around Strasbourg. They all left there, like many others in during the 1840's through 70's. It is hard to see why people were forced to leave such beautiful country.
Even a cameo from Jonathan Ferguson! I really appreciate the quality content from this channel. Thanks for all of your hard work. The videos are also well edited speaking as an editor myself.
It's crazy to think that warfare barely changed for 4000 years. Then with the self contained cartridge and machine guns changed warfare almost over night. Archer/lance formations turned into pike/shot then musket formations with bayonets. These tactics made their way all the way into WW1 then warfare became what we know it to be today.
Absolutely magnificent. It's amazing how professional, well researched and advanced, some youtube channels have become, such as this one. Keep it up.
There’s so many wise, terrible, or at the very least ironic lessons and tropes in past wars. The compulsion to repeat them over and over until the end of time being the main one
Those quotes from Otto and Rudolf are timeless
Another great video, really enjoyed it! I’d love to see you cover the 1813/14 campaign as a follow up to your excellent Napoleon’s Downfall videos.
This was brilliant! Thank you so much for leaving the adverts till the end this time, it made the video so much more enjoyable to watch, your content is great and you deserve reward.
You're lucky: here in Oz, we have 30 seconds of ads every 10 minutes. Really disruptive.
Was looking forward to this one! Thx guys!
Fantastic video as always. Thank you Jesse and team at Real Time History
This was also the war that had a major impact on my family. My great-great grandfather Gedaliah served with his brother in the Austrian army. However, after the war, there was a wave of antisemitic reprisals against Jewish soldiers in a number of units who came under unfounded suspicion of treason in favor of Prussia (similar to the Dreyfus Affair in France). Gedaliah and his brother killed their commanding officer and fled toward Italy, joining Garibaldi and serving as mercenaries in the Army of the Vosges during the Franco-Prussian War to earn money to travel to America. On the boat over to New York, Gedaliah Arrm became George Aaron and his brother chose the name Robert Arrin (spelling was not a strong point in that side of the family).
Great story. :)
Including the change from Gedaliah to the quite Christian name George.
Amazing story. Thank you for sharing. Blessings from Australia.
The suspicions were founded.
And the Freedom Party of Austria has entered the thread 🤡
@@fredaaron762 bin Amerikaner, Liebe WITZ.
I've watched quite a few of these videos and I'm impressed. You've gotten another subscriber today.
It was kinda surprising the royal armory had a practically non functioning needle gun. Maybe they're just that rare. I'd love to go rooting around through that building. Could stay there all day
I love your videos. They are amazing and show many environmental aspects where war took place: personal feelings of known or common characters, the technologies at the time, the social situation.
I have thou some problems with audio: dunno it it's the pronounciation or the microphone or the equalization. There's too much boom effect that requires me more efforts than usual to understand the correct words. I would suggest you to deamplify a little the lower frequencies.
Thank you for your work
THIS IS A BLOOD AND IRON MOMENT
I think this is the Best Documentary Channel on you tube. His narration is absolutely amazing!! Thank you
Very much liked this video! Thnx for bringing all the details from the strategic to very personal level of that conflict! Will u make a long series about it as u did with the Franco-Prussian war?
no, this was our coverage of it, the series model is not economically viable for us unfortunately
This was a great Video and ties in nicely with the rest of your videos on the other wars of german unification.
The lieutenant recounting the death of his recruit at 27:08 definitely got me a bit
Chapeau! Excellent history documentary as always
This is such a phenomenal video. I don’t want it to end.
Brilliantly researched and presented. Thank you for sharing!
The Speaker in this presentation has made all the difference. I thank you for such concise reportage and correct pronunciation of the participants in this ssingularly important war in Europe of which I was never so well informed as now...
Sincere thanks...
Another banger. Keep it up. Never have I heard this history. Thank you for telling it.
Amazing work, thank you.
Surprisingly, I am early.
This is the earliest I have been on channel yet! :0
I am going to study this subject, thank you for the inspiration.
Fabulous and very well detailed video!
Great video as always! Can't wait for more to come.
I applaud your pronunciation of the names and locations. It's a breath of fresh air compared to others.
Jesse, another fabulous video. Keep this awesome work up. You and you staff have done excellent work….
Great content, as always. Thank you!
Amazing documentary, as usual!
Fantastic canter through - thank you very much indeed. This is easily my favourite Channel on TH-cam and possibly full stop. I don't know if you came across him in your research but one of my ancestors - Friedrich Rupprecht Ritter von Virtsolog - was an Officer in the Hussars at the time. I know that in 1863 he commanded a Hussar Regiment (Husszaren-Regiment Prinz Karl Von Bayern nr. 3) and he later reached the rank of Major-General - did you find anything about him while researching the various engagements of the war? Another of my ancestors, and I think Friedrich's Father, Major General Heinrich Rupprecht von Virtsolog commanded the Reserve Division at the Second Battle of Custoza but I don't know a huge amount about what actually transpired. Any information you have from your research would be very much appreciated.
Excited to see which conflict RTH will cover next!
OMG, fantastic work RTH, Jessie, and Team. Well done. I love these pieces on overlooked (here is the US) pieces of history.
Glad you enjoyed it!
I’ve never seen a video like this on this war. Thank you for such a great video. Really love the part when the guy is showing the guns. If I visited that museum I’d be in 7th heaven. Who were the youtubers the museum guy mentioned? Or others
I didn't really know much about this but this video explains it in a really interesting way. Excellent 😉
This is pure gold. Guys you are incredible!
Great video. I didn’t know much about this war.
Thank you sooo much, I recently listened to Hardcore History's podcast series on WW1. I highly recommend it. But you've filled in some of the blanks of the events between waterloo and WW1. Truly amazing how these events fit with all others!! Fantastic!!
They fit because all of Europe has a policy of stopping the Germans uniting. Brits, French, Russian, all will go to war if the Germans start unifying. The wars always revolve around the same places.
you should put a link to the Royal Armory in the description
Great video, thanks. Your closet looks fantastic, I am envious of the size and contents ;)
The map visual was very important/helpful for me.
When it comes to the Dreyse needle rifle, one thing that is worth mentioning is that due to fouling, if you fired more than 10 bullets, the ballistics became worse and if you fired more than 20, you were in danger of getting the rear plug of the shell stuck inside the gun, with the next bullet hitting it.
Another problem was increased breach flash, which seriously lowered accuracy.
Basically, it was not just ahead of its time, it was too ahead of its time, which seriously hampered its effectiveness. In fact, Austrians lost mostly not due to their guns, but due to their tactics of close fight, when they had the advantage the further away they were from the Prussian formation.
I am from Trautenau, you could still see bullet holes in a Chapel on top of Šibeník hill to this day.
So happy to see Johnathan from Royal Armouries! Love his content!
If I watch many more of this I will have to subscribe to Yuck Tube because the 90sec commercials were numerous towards the end of the video and I almost had to quit. This channel is incredible
My theory is that von Moltke and von Bismarck took the measure of the Austrian Army in the Danish War of 1864 and found it wanting. Slow to mobilize, slow on the march, and slow in rate of fire.
12:00 cant help but feel like he read the cliff notes and really made a meal out of it 😂
An excellent program, thank you. I do wish people would go beyond mere political history and discuss tactical principles more. Everyone talks about the rate of fire of the Dreyse and the way this allowed those armed with them to win, but they ignore the way the Austrians could have used the Lorenz's far better range and accuracy had they understood this instead of just marching in with the bayonet. Kudos to Jonathan for at least mentioning this, but it really needs to have more explanation and discussion. Points to Jonathan, too, for mentioning Balázs Németh and Brett Gibbons, the real experts on these subjects.
That was an excellent point brought up by Jonathan regards the Lorentz out-ranging the Dreyse. But the Prussians could only play to their rifle strengths and they made use of its ability to rapid fire at both standing and prone positions and that can make all the difference. But certainly, the battle of Konigrattz/Sadowa should never be written again as a slam dunk victory by the Prussians after watching this program.
The eerie music during Jonathan's segment made it seem like he was doing the presentation at gunpoint. Normally his manner of speaking doesn't seem nervous, but with the music it sounds like he's presenting these pieces to stay alive.
Such a great channel!!! Thank you!!!
Nice episode. Pretty cool getting Ferguson in on this too.
Fantastic video on a forgotten conflict.
I wonder if Drachinifel will soon release a video on the 1866 Austro-Italian naval war in tandem with this excellent RTH documentary. The Austrians really did lionise Admiral Tegetthoff. He would get a dreadnought class named after him in the 1900s.
However, there was an argument over the name. Emperor Franz Josef insisted the Empire's first Dreadnought be named Viribus Unitis, Latin for "with united forces". Which was his personal motto.
The naval brass wanted to call her Tegetthoff. So in the end a compromise was reached whereby the first one was indeed called Viribus Unitis and the second one Tegetthoff. But they were always known as the Tegetthoff Class, even though Tegetthoff was the second one and usually the first one names the class. The final two were Prinz Eugen and Szent István.
The dreadnought Tegetthoff was ceded to the Italians in 1918 as a war prize and sailed to a victory parade in Venice.
The anchors that can be seen at the "Ministero della Marina" building in Rome, at the main entrance, are one from the Tegetthoff and the other from the Szent István (saint Stephan), if memory serves.
Drachinifel has done a video on the Battle of Lissa.
You make the study of past wars FUN.
Thanks!
This is now my favourite history channel
Fantastic,i am hoping you will do episodes on Spanish war of Succession.
I was aware of The Austro-Prussian War, but never studied it in detail, thank you for this video.
Another amazing documentary
Also a lil fun fact just after the naval battle of lissa the traditonal venetian battle cry was heard from the austrian navy ships "viva San Marco !" as many of the sailors were venetians or part of the stato da mar of the ex republic of venice
It's not the battle cry only. All orders on board were given in Venetian dialect (in Italian) and all the terminology was Italian, as that was the language of the Venetian navy. When Austria incorporated the Venetian state, during the Napoleonic wars, it incorporated the Venetian Navy as well but the fleet went on speaking Italian up to 1866 at least.
Oh this is wonderful thank you. The narrative nicely integrates political, military, civilian, dynastic, and other elements. Thank you too Narrator.
Love it. Great video
Excellent video! Congratulations!
Glad you liked it!
Ein sehr gutes Video zum Thema des Deutsch Deutschen Krieges Abo hast du 👍
These are so great superdocumentaries. This platform ( TH-cam) will die some day, because they don’t support anything like this.
Regards from Finland. And thank’s Jesse, you are great speaker.
Thanks!
Dreyse and Lefaucheux worked as apprentices with Pauly . Pauly invented the self contained cartridge and breacj loader to fire it . Both rifle.shotgun and artillery.
Love this channel.
irony: the problems w/ that "museum piece" helped me (finally) understand how a dang needle gun works!!!!!!!!! my thanks
Hate to nitpick, but at 46:32 you refer to the Italian government as 'Rome' but at this point it had not yet been incorporated into the state as the capital. Sorry if anyone else has also pointed it out, but it's worth noting.
In the Main region there are still monuments for the battles (Aschaffenburg, Tauberbischoffsheim). It was bitter for the Franconian people, wich just 50 years ago had been made new parts of Baden, Württemberg or Bavaria, but most of them really identified with their Kings
Jesse, To my ear, your German pronunciation is excellent! I commend your narration. My compliments.
he even did sword of an austrian accent I'd say ;)
Brilliant as always. My only request would be to not use blue on your maps as it is confusing when dealing with oceans. Thanks comrade
I like these. Very informative and interesting to watch. +1