Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - Auer Rods - Myeloperoxidase Positive - Hematology & Oncology Series
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 ก.ค. 2018
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) | Auer Rods | Myeloperoxidase Positive - Hematology.
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) is a malignant neoplasm (cancer) of myeloid cell lineage (myeloblasts and monoblasts). It's a leukemia (cancer of the blood and the bone marrow). It affects patients between age 40 and age 60 for the most part. Risk factors for AML include Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), Benzene, Ionizing radiation exposure, alkylating agents, antineoplastic agents, aplastic anemia, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and Fanconi anemia. Myeloblasts and/or monoblasts occupy more than 20% of the bone marrow. It can cause anemia, infections, and platelet clots. AML has many subtypes (e.g. M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, and M7). AML is diagnosed by being TdT negative, Myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive, and a hypercellular bone marrow (on bone marrow aspiration/ bone marrow biopsy).
AML = Acute Myeloid Leukemia (or Acute Myelogenous leukemia).
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My wife and I lost our just turned 2 year old son 7 months ago to Aml. He had MLL gene rearrangement or subtype KMT2A or 11q23. He had a translocation between chromosomes 6 and 11, t(6;11). He received cytarabine, daunorubicin, etoposide, gemtuzumab ozagamicin then mitoxNtrone and cytarabine. He relapsed after the second chemo which signified refractory Aml which had a poor prognosis. Decitabine with mylotarg was then used. He died shortly after from within 4 months of treatment. Some side effects he had were bloody nausea and diahrea. Horrible bloody mouth sores. He was in pain all over. His right eye was covered by a leukemia pool that ended up bleeding.He had a lot of liquid in his lungs which they thought was pnemonia. He ultimately died from a brain bleed within 24 hours caused we think by the chemo.
😢😢😢 may GOD u strength
May you get better substitute
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Thank you so much, sir! It gives me courage to start reading my actual hematology book, which is kind of dull. I'm once again thanking you for making it easy and fun!
My pleasure 😇
Good luck to you!
Great info, my father in law was just diagnosed with aml and this was wonderful to find. For the record he is 84 so the age brackets you define might actually be a little looser.
your voice is very soothing, it doesnt make m feel like i'm listening a lecture video, thank you for your work
Never knew I would have so much fun learning patho... I bet it's my fav sub after this .... Thanks a ton
Best comment I’ve received in a while 😊😊😊
I just received my pass result in NBDE part 1exam ...thank you medicosis .your channel helped me a lot in understanding the most hard subjects in pathology.
Yay 🎉🎈🎊
Your hematology oncology videos are perfect medicosis!
Thank you.
Truly, "medicosis perfectionalis, where medicine makes PERFECT sense".
Thank you 😊
I really loved your video! Thank you so much for teaching it in such a simplified and concise manner.
Thank you so much 😊
oh my god i cant believe i am finally able to understand these hematology and oncology topics!!! u are s
uch a great teacher!!
Once again you hit it out of the ball park. I wish I'd found you years ago.
Thank you so much 😊
Now ,its very easy to understand because of simple and clear explanation. Thank you so much...!!!
Its a very simplified version of hematology. Thank you so much.
I have no words. For last 3 months I was so damned about this Leukemia and tried several sources to understand it. This was the best ever possible video for it. Thankyou so much sir. In debt
My pleasure...I am happy to help! Thanks for your kind words...Keep it up!
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis Do you mind me asking which country are you from ?
Egypt
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis
😊
came here because of EMMAN NIMEDEZ ... get well soon lodi
Hey! Thanks for your videos. I have one question that has bothered me for days and I can’t figure out… what are the pathophysiological mechanisms of splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, etc.? Is it due to metastasis? If so, what’s the difference with myeloid sarcoma? And is lymphadenopathy a lymphoma stage of leukemia?
I have exam tmrw and thanks alot for helping me clear up ALL,CLL,AML,CML 👍
My pleasure 😇
Can you please help me by sharing my videos with your friends?
Always very Good presentation, easy to learn and understand.
Hats off to your Hard Work
Thank you so much 😊
very good presentation as usual, very informative.
Appreciate it...This touches my heart...Thanks :)
Great stuff brother, it was really helpful
Thank you 😊
7:46 a/c latest harrison mut. of FLT3 has good to moderate prognosis ,not bad
Thank you so so much I've learnt a lot from this video especially with the question at the end of the video it really helped understand it better.
I am honored!
Thank you so much!
U r the saviour of medical students thank u so much
Thank you 🙏
You are amazing! Really really amazing😍 thank you so much 💚
My pleasure 😇
I was diagnosed with AML last July. After months of arsenic trioxide chemo infusions, I'm almost done with my treatment!
And how is your health now?
update?
Are you living???
Much easier that what's given in the book for multiple pages !
Thank you 😊
earned my subscription and like! Really high quality stuff
Thank you 🙏
Thankyew medicosis I'm addicted to your teaching method..
Thank you 😊
The age estimate is not correct. Maybe read this article: Shallis, R. M., Wang, R., Davidoff, A., Ma, X., & Zeidan, A. M. (2019). Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: Recent progress and enduring challenges. Blood reviews, 36, 70-87. It is really good.
You are the best ,,your videos were helping me a lot in preparation to NBDE exam ..my exam is next week and I want to thank you for these amazing videos
My pleasure! I am so happy that my videos helped! When you pass your exam, please share my videos with others! Thanks!
Yes of course I already told everybody how your videos are the best :)
Thanks, dear! If you have any questions, please ask!
And I have a question about the most common leukemia in general ..? In First Aid it puts CLL as the most common one which I feel is not right ..
According to Harrison's:
CLL is the most prevalent leukemia in Western countries.
Could your next video focus on Myeloid leukemia without maturation? Interesting video :)
Perfect explanation 💥💥💥🎊🎉🎉🎉🎊🎊🎉🎉🌃🌉💯💯💯👌👌👌👌
Thank you so much 😊
Great videos! Short and clear.
I'm not doubting you or anything but please may I know the source of your knowledge. Thank you
I use Harrison’s, Davidson’s, Goldman-Cecil and Goljan
Lovely explanation, thanks veryyy much ...this explantion very fantastic
Thank you so much 😊
how can we tell the difference between AML and ALL with just clinical presentation and CBC?
These are great!!!
Thanks 🙏
Please help me by sharing!
Thank you so much!!!
Thank you for making hematology easier for me 😭😭😭
My pleasure 😇
Look who we have here 😁
Thank you
Very helpful
You’re very welcome, Sir!
this is really useful, thank you so much :)
My pleasure 😇
You are simply great!✌️
Thank you 🙏
why does wbc count increase in labs shouldnt it be reduced due to the invasion of the myeloid neoplasm? or the labs count the blasts in blood as wbcs too?
Thank you and God bless you for your good explanation
God bless you too!
Thank you soo much💙
Thanku thanku thankuu.......U r great sir.....keep it up .👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
I sure will 👍👍
Great video....and waiting for much more
Thanks...Sure...Can you give me examples, please?
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis Thanks for your concern.... I am in the field of medical oncogy... and want videos related to my field....
Especially pharmacology....
Pathogenesis of different tumors...
Modern recent developments in the Drug development in different tumors
Got it... Thanks
Great videos. I am learning a lot. Thank you very much. As a person who is in cytogenetic, I noticed some things. It's cytovenetic not cytogenic. And t(15;17), t(8;21), not t(15:17), t(8:21). It should be semicolon between different chromosome numbers. Sorry to pick those up. Thank you for great videos. I will keep studying hard!
You’re absolutely correct!
Thanks a lot!
Please let me know if you see any other mistakes.
My father has pancytopenia with 8-9 normoblast / 100 wbc, bone marrow aspirate test indicated fair number megaloblasts and normoblastic normoblasis, does he have leaukemia ? Please answer !
So helpful👍🏾👍🏾
2:34 "for the 9th time" 😂😂 thank you for making me laugh when I least expect to
Haha 😂
I was diagnosed with aml at 74. I have been in remission for almost five years and most recent bloodwork was good. If the expectation is I will not live beyond five years should I be concerned?
Unless it comes back I would not be concerned. And even if it comes back there are always treatment options. Wishing you the best.
@@MA-yt4xf not for someone my age. I had to leave my province for 7 months to get the original treatment.
thank you you made it easier
My pleasure 😇
I think u have to give minimum of two case sheets (like which u have given in this video) in every video . Good luck🤝👍
That’s a good idea 💡
Thank you
I couldn't watch the entire video... My friend has recently been diagnosed with this. Could you tell me if there is a cure?
feed your friend chicken nuggets
Your videos are awesome😍😍😍
Thank you so much 😊
Thank you thank you Dr Medicosis perfectionlis
My pleasure 😇
Acute lukemia means precursor cells(myeloblasts) are seen not that patients are younger. Am i wrong?
I understood now ❤ur skills
Is there 19:11 or 9:11 ?????
In the book there is 9:11 for intermediate.
plz make a playlist on Cardiology as well.....plzzzzz.....loads of love from India.....
Thanks 🙏
Have you seen my last videos?
They were about Cardiology!
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis Yaa but I need videos about all the disease conditions in Cardiology....plz its a request...plz.....🙏🙏🙏🙏
Thank you so muchhhhhh
Thank You , Sir
My pleasure 😇
My sister in law diagnosed AML last Dec.4,2021 and she died Dec.5 at the age of 31😭
very sorry to hear this. be strong for the family.
@@warhog1337 how and why did uo arrive very late
Thank you very much.
My pleasure!
Nice presentation
Thanks 🙏
great thanks you👍👍
Thank u
You’re very welcome!
U sh'd be having billions of subscribers uptil now,
Thank you so much 😊
Can you please help me by sharing?
Younger patients ??
ALM most commonly affects people around 60 years old !!
It’s ALL which occurs in children
Good bro thanku alot 100000000
My pleasure 😇
Is there a way to differentiate between whether a person's bone marrow stem cells are creating bad blast cells over and over and over.. vs one blast cell that didn't mature and started replicating blast cells resulting in the blood being filled with blasts?... Or is Aml definite that the person's bone marrow is no longer functioning properly and there has to be a bone marrow transplant to stop the leukemia
Your question is how to differentiate between polyclonal and monoclonal. If a diagnosis with AML is confirmed, there is an extremely high chance that this is monoclonal (one cell “blast” or one cell line started the whole process).
For practical purposes, most of the time, there is no need to perform expensive tests to establish whether it’s polyclonal or monoclonal, because this is not going to affect the management/therapy.
Theoretically, there are some tests to differentiate between monoclonal vs polyclonal...They use some immunohistochemichal techniques to calculate the ratio between different antibodies...If the ratio is preserved, it’s polyclonal. If the ratio is altered, it’s monoclonal.
This was discussed in my video titled: “leukemia vs lymphoma introduction...Distinctions in oncology”
I wish you the best of luck!
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis Thank you very much, I'm going to watch that video right now!!
My pleasure 😇
Perfect👌👌TNX
Can somebody clear something up for me please? This is obviously leukaemia. So how can we have both pancytopenia and WBC of >100000? Or did I misunderstand the case at the end?
Some patients will have low WBC, some will have normal WBC count, and many patients will have high WBC count.
U r ammmmmmmazing .. i ve got it quickly ❤
Thanks 🙏
To my mkm and dad ,
Thank you for not believing but geez , even my fake friends bullyung me iam still fighting !! My last chemo i think in 2 week it is home chemo so .. to my ADOPTED brother thanks !!
Best of luck to you!
Stay strong and don’t give up!
What were your symptoms?
Thousands thanks ❤
Thank you!
Don't worry y'all ...we'll get through it😞
What is acute myeloid leukemia without maturation, is there a video I can watch to learn the details?
It’s the exact same disease.
It basically means that the cells are immature (i.e. blasts).
Same diseases, just more severe.
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis Ok I was thinking it was it's own sub-type of aml, thank you
It’s just a specifier
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis Can fermented food like Kimchi cause leukemia?
Hi, I have a question, even if I'm awake or I don't always get enough sleep, can I have leukemia?
What does this have to do with that?
I love the video❤
Thank you 🙏
Thank youuu!
My pleasure 😇
Love u doctor , love u❤️😅
Doesnt gum hypertrophy occurs in M4?
It’s possible
Thank u so much, u came like god to me😭😩😩💕💕💕💕
My pleasure 😇
beautiful
Thank you 🙏
My mom's sister just died from AML . It appeared all of a sudden in the reports and she died before she even reach a month of the treatment . What could have caused that so quick ?
I don’t know, and I am sorry about your loss.
sir plz i have a confusion ...is it affecting all the process from myeloid forming erythrocytes, monocytes,wbc....or it just affect in processs of making wbc and monocytes....or if just affect wbc and monocytes forming cell then y erythocytes count is reduced.......sir plz make me clear ....
All myeloid cell lineages are affected...
The patient is older in AML
7:04 Is there a video on aml inversion 3?
Unfortunately not
@@MedicosisPerfectionalis Ok, was looking to analyze that one in detail...
A few points for those studying from this:
- Not really "40-60" as described. Median age is 65, with incidence increasing with age due to accumulated haematopoietic cell damage
- AML rarely presents with lymphadenopathy unlike ALL
- Bone pain in AML is rare. Bone tenderness in the sternum and long bones due to leukaemic myeloblastic expansion is, however, common (tenderness =/= pain)
n some videos says it affects myeloid cells and cant b differenciation of it...then how it could affect rbc wbc and monocytes cells when it is nt differenciated from myeloid.
Can you reinstate your question more clearly, please?
Does auer rods always mean cancer?
We can’t diagnose cancer based in Auer rods alone.
But what's denovo AML??
I think it’s when you’re DX stage 4 right away
❤ medicosis perfectionalis ❤
you saved my ass dude!!! tnx
My pleasure!
15-17
30 Jan
lol I have CML right now:(
I am so sorry to hear that!
Keep fighting the good fight!
CML is very treatable...Please talk to your doctor!
Good luck 🍀
Medicosis Perfectionalis thx
My pleasure 😇