How To Make - 7V Salt Water Battery Out Of Nails & Wire
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 6 พ.ค. 2024
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In this video I'll build a 7 V saltwater battery out of common parts you probably already have. It is powerful enough to power a flashlight and is easy to build. This is a great science project.
The battery uses a copper wire and a galvanized nail.
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0:00 Introduction
0:08 Baby Food Jars
0:13 9 Galvanized Nails
0:22 9 Copper Wires #12 - 18 Long
0:27 " x 8" Plywood
3:38 Here's What It Should Look Like
5:48 Cups Water With 6 tsp Salt - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Hello, thank you so much, I cannot tell you how much I needed this video, I did this for my STEAM project (Secondary 2) and so many people visited my project to see what it was and how it works, if people are wondering if this is fake, its not, again thanks so muchhh.
Glad it helped. Batteries are great science projects and fun to build.
This was amazing! Thanks for sharing
Glad you enjoyed it!
Wow, what a hard work but so worth it to watch. Thanks for sharing this. God bless...
You are so welcome
Ok now this is one of my new favorites
Glad you like it
Excellent video, thanks for sharing
Thanks for watching
Thankyou
You're welcome. Thanks for watching.
i like smart people, tysm for sharing! thumbs up and subscribed
Thanks and welcome
very clever
Thanks
Bravo........ion transfer membrane ...........make flow battery.......cheers
I'm preparing the next video to determine the amp hour capacity. After 24 hours the light is still on so we'll see how long it goes before the light goes out.
Today is day 5 and the light is still on. So much for time lapse photography - switched to still photos,
@@MyEngineeringProjects
How long
The light stayed on for weeks but it was really dim. The current was really small and I did not measure it continuously. I thought it would only last for a few hours when I originally posted the comment.
@@MyEngineeringProjects
This is the only test you did on salt battery?
@@MyEngineeringProjects if you replenish salt in the water, will that prolongue electrical generation ? .. or, how can you "recharge" such a battery ?
Great video !
Just a note, maybe explain a bit more why you do things :)
Thanks, will do
What're the volt and amp rating on the solar charger? How long should you keep it connected to the battery?
The solar module voltage was too high for the prototype battery. It had about 18V open circuit with around 500ma of current. In order to make that work, the battery has to have more cells in series and in parallel.
Thank you for answering questions. I got another one if you had 2 of these and charged one and then poured the water into a second empty dead battery would the second battery be charged?
It would have to be tested. This idea of exchanging electrolytes is currently being researched. If the technology could be perfected, it would change the way re could recharge electric cars.
Here is an interesting article on the subject. www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2017/Q2/instantly-rechargeable-battery-could-change-the-future-of-electric-and-hybrid-automobiles.html
@@MyEngineeringProjects thank you, I subscribed
Thanks
Marvelous! Is it potentially a battery for perpetual motion?
No, that would not be possible.
@@MyEngineeringProjects oh I see. Corrosion will be the end of it right? Still, this tech will give light whenever there's power outages. Will it be affected by EMP?
Please don't mind my curiosity 🙂 I've never had real physics/chemistry classes.
A battery under a small load like my LED will eventually exhaust the stored energy and will need to be recharged. Corrosion in a salt water environment is something that has to be dealt with.
I’m wondering if you used silver solder sticks in place of galvanized material if you would get different results. Or I should say more energy.
It would be interesting to find out. Each combination of electrodes will produce different results.
Would it improve or decrease performance if you chose several thinner, twisted copper wires instead of a single core?
It would increase the performance. The issue with wires and nails is that there is a small surface area available.
To followup: both the cathode and the anode would have to have an increase in surface area. If only one were changed, it's unlikely there would be much difference.
@@MyEngineeringProjects Thanks, that sounds plausible :-) I have seen approaches where they have used metal-foam elektrodes with increased surface area, to maximize the volt output. I wonder if something similar could be achieved without a nanoscience lab, by bending a stripe of sheet metal around some really sharp angles, so that the material rips and tears on a microscopic scale...
Sounds stupid enough? Let's give it a try!! :-D
Hiya, how would I construct a set with 24volts? And is it possible to make it in sets, and if so how would I connect the sets together. And from the sets how would I connect it to an inverter?
Sure. You can put more in series for higher voltage. Likewise you can put matched pairs in parallel for increased current. This demo project cannot run an inverter due to it's low C rating.
Hello, wouldnt the galvanized nail zinc layer get oxidized and lose the zinc coating and then expose the iron nail which would have much lower voltage and then rust quickly?
Most likely yes it would. Corrosion in general is a problem with salt water batteries. This was just a test project to demonstrate the concept.
How many ampere hours is it? Also how much electricity can be added to it?
So this is just a demonstration battery so it's really small. So tiny that I had hard time trying to measure it's ah capacity. Like any battery, you can add in series and in parallel to make any size and/or voltage that you need
@My Engineering projects, this is a great demonstration but how long will this last and how can calculate its life span? Also, will it still work if someone uses very thin copper wires? why did you have to coil the wires like is it still gonna be the same performance as using straight wires?
Due to it's small capacity it can only do a few milliamps. Thin copper would work. I coiled it in order to increase the surface area. You could use straight wires as well.
@@MyEngineeringProjects so how long would you say will it last ? I don’t understand what milliamps are. Could it go on for few month ?
Amps are a measure of the number of electrons that flow per second. It's a huge number of electrons so we use amps to make it easier to work with. A milliamp is 1/1000 of an amp so it's 1000 times smaller than 1 amp. Small batteries like AA, AAAA etc are measured in milliamps since they are smaller. A typical AA rechargable could do something like 1500 miliamp-hours. The hours says that 1500 milliamps could flow for one hour or a a factor of this at a lower flow rate such as 750 milliamps for 2 hours. This is a unit of energy which is current flowing over time.
My demonstration battery is very small and it can only max out at about 10 millimaps total. This is not a unit if energy, but a unit of work. To say how long will it last, we need to define the flow of current in amps that the battery could sustain over time, which describes how much stored energy it has.
I left that tiny led light hooked up and the battery ran the light very dimly for a couple of weeks. So dimily that I could only see it at night. I would say it was running in micro amps at this point, but nonetheless I was able to see energy flowing out for a while.
@@MyEngineeringProjects thank you very much for your work !!
is the amp hour test coming?
The battery had such a small C rating that it took weeks to drain it. I stopped trying to calculate it's capacity and decided to build a better version later and try again.
Hello, I'm a grade12 student. Your video really helps a lot. We are redoing you experiment. I would like to ask if we can use iron nail instead of Galvanized nail? Is there any significant difference between these two nails? we have confusion about the type of nail T^T
And also we are confuse if do we need to connect it on any charging devices 6:24 for it to be charged before use?
Hi Raine. Glad to hear you are replicating the battery. You could try an un-galvanized nail and see how it performs. I used a galvanized nail so that the battery would use the zinc from the nail. I have not tested regular steel. Let me know how it goes.
You do not need to charge it when it's first built. You will get a voltage and will be able to light a small LED immediately.
9v plastic case fill salt copper wire iron nail
How long does it take to charge the battery?
Charging any battery is calculated by knowing it's capacity in amp-hrs and the rate of charge that it can accept. For example say a battery has 1000 mah capacity and we charge at 200 ma, then 1000 mah/ 200 ma would be 5 hours. Since this battery has so little capacity, it charges very quickly. I'm working on a new design to overcome this issue.
just question can you use deionized water or not ?
I have not tried deionized water. It should work. I just used tap water
What happened to the salt? Would you mind conducting the experiment again with just one jar and measuring the salt levels before and after? I think a common fishtank test strip would work fine. I have a suspicion that "baghdad batteries" were used for desalination and I want to change the world.
how much time would this battery last completely charged?
It's such a small battery that it only has a few milliamp hours of capacity. It was difficult to measure and get an accurate number.
Did I understand it correctly you charge it before using?
I was able to pull a load right after placing in the salt water
what if you increase the surface area and connect it in parallel with many more like that. will it increase c rating?
Yes it would. I did just that and maxed out at about 1000 milliamps
@@MyEngineeringProjects how big did you do? I mean, something like 10 amps, 48 volts. Then check
The capacity. How big the build do you think it will be to achieve 48v 10amps?
The largest one I made is a single cell but it had a large surface area. This is the same as several cells in parallel. I over charged it on purpose and shorted the terminals to see the absolute maximum current. The size was about 2" x 3/4" - 1 amp max but the life was short so it could only do it for a few seconds.
A few years ago I talked with a salt water battery manufacturer. The batteries were designed to store photovoltaic energy. For 10 amps and 48 volts, it would probably be the size of 4 car batteries. For a house, it was on a pallet.
How many amps is this good for.
It's small, just a few milliamps
how much current can provide with saltwater battery?
2 to 10 ma
How long will the battery last
Mine ran a small led for a couple of weeks but the current was small, like 1 ma.
Cool video man! How did the amp hour test go?
Well the battery performed differently than I was expecting. It continued to light a very small led for weeks and I gave up trying to perform an amp hour test. The current was very low and I didn't have a method to measure continuously over such a long time frame.
@@MyEngineeringProjects Thank you for replying. Weeks, cool! Wonder what increasing the load does! Keep it up dude
Would more salt benefit the battery? I'm looking for solutions to make the converting salt water into fresh water profitable. From my understanding, desalination can only convert 1 gallon of every 2 gallons into saltwater. The other gallon is heavily salted and is dumped back into the ocean which could lead to issues in the local marine ecosystem. I'm wondering if Brine can be used to generate electricity instead
Desalination in any form requires a great deal of energy. Adding more salt does help, but it would have to be a huge battery in order to desalinate.
@@MyEngineeringProjects true. What if the steam from desalination turned a turbine before becoming freshwater. Maybe that could ease the loss in energy consumption.
With a heat desalination system, it's low pressure and can't easily turn a turbine.
how long it Last..i did the same but did not last long
Well the light stayed on for days but got really dim and the measurable current dropped to below a milli amp. I did not perform an accurate amp our test for this design.
Did you charge the light beforehand? What are the wires you are using in 6:40
There is no need to charge it before using. The battery is at full capacity as soon as it's created. The wires were just some hookup wires I had lying around. Probably 22 gauge but anything will work since the current is so small.
@@MyEngineeringProjects Thank you
How many cycles can you achieve?
Not too many. this is more of a demonstration project the choice of materials used causes a lot of electroplating
Hi..there're a lot of vidios say that there 're read y made ones sold on amazon ..is it true
I have not seen any
They're being advertised as an emergency battery kit online. It's a pouch light and on-off switch mounted on the front.All you have to do is add your own table salt to it Runs over 100 hours. Bright little light!
There's too much salt water. You can save space by calculating the volume of salt required to dissociate the zinc and copper into ions, the problem is that the recharging process might not work as expected - i.e. clean electroplating of zinc onto the nail and copper onto the wire.
Good point.
When you place them in series and increase the voltage to 7V, electrolysis should happen right? So you would have to divert the oxygen and especially hydrogen away somehow and add more water at some point unless i'm mistaken :)
Any over voltage charging should increase the electrolysis. The battery would have to be encased in order to prevent the water from evaporating. If it got too dry due to evaporation and/or electrolysis , water would have to be replaced.
@@MyEngineeringProjects okay, thanks for replying :) 1,23V before electrolysis is not much to work with..
Well you have to remember that hydrogen is going up at 45 miles an hour and that there are tiny holes for the hydrogen and oxygen to escape not giving and build up
By closing the bottle, you could prevent evaporation, no ?
How long it last?
It has a low capacity since it's a demonstration project. It trickled current in milliamps for weeks and you could see a low powered LED during that time.
I am doing this experiment using urine as an electrolyte. Is it possible to calculate the electrochemical potential of my experiment?
I've seen charts for various electrolytes but I have not seen urine on the list. You could attempt to match it to the closest published electrolyte. I'm not sure which one is the closest.
I had the same idea.
:-) any update? nowadays it's getting very important this kind of project.
I have done a few other salt water type batteries but have not scaled anything up yet. There are some issues that need to be worked out and this is why we don't have large scale salt water batteries available commercially.
One jar 0.7 volts
Maximum with water battery
yes that's right
why should we add water , cant we directly insert the rods in to salt box..?
I have not tried that. The ions transport current through the electrolyte so that probably won't work without an aqueous solution in water.
what's the math behind why 9 small jars gives 7V? What would be needed to make a 12V or 24V battery?
Each cell as a potential of about 0.7467V. Batteries in series add the voltage, so 9 in series is 6.72V. If you want 12V you will need 16, for 24V you would need 32. Keep in mind that the voltage varies depending on the metals used for the cathode and anode. I'm only reporting based on Zinc and copper which is what I used for this test.
I thought an electrolyte cell was capable of holding just over 2 volts-that's why we have six cell 12 volt batteries. I didn't know about metal type and all that. I made a small cell with stainless steel bolts and used sulfuric acid one time and baking soda the next and was getting over two volts on that after having it connected to my car's 12 volt system, so I just assumed that all liquid cells were two volts.
Can i build this in the ocean?
Only one cell but you could have cells in parallel
Of course I haven’t tested this but I think it in a large body of electrolyte it would quickly fail as the distance between electrodes increases
@@MyEngineeringProjects sounds right.
How long does it need to be charged?
What is the Ah approximately?
Nice project :-)
This battery is very small. I just made it for demonstration purposes and it has a small surface area. Therefore, the amp-hour rating is hard to find. I attempted it but the max current is just a few milliamps. It did run for weeks at a very small load but I don't know the rating. The length of time to charge for any battery depends on the current you are charging and the capacity of the battery.
In minit 6:44 iside is not water?
I'm not sure what you mean. Can you explain?
Bro please make mobile charger with salt water battery 🔋🔋
but you said a light bulb no mention of led
ok, but I need some sort of electrical load so light bulb or led are both fine for my purposes
So the green water indicates the copper is eroding, this is why they use lead in lead-acid batteries the anodes the don't erode so easily
Yeah copper does not last long in an environment like this.
Jump to 7 and a half to get on with it.