🚩 Give Lingopie a try using my link learn.lingopie.com/historymarche and get a special discount! 🚩 Battle of Halidon Hill (1333) played a big part in the development of English military tactics. Edward III would later use the same defensive setup to confound the mounted chivalry of France at the Battles of Crécy and Poitiers. This was Edward III's first battle and the only one that he fought in England. At Halidon Hill he witnessed the strength of the defensive combination of archers and dismounted men-at-arms already used to great effect by Edward Balliol the previous year at the Battle of Dupplin Moor in Scotland.
The Earl of Ross was courageous while the Scottish Calvary can be seen as traitors because they took to the field but left before the fighting was over.
@thugdaddy007 I am part Scottish and related directly to Argyle Wallace (William Wallace's uncle). I enjoyed this video even if the Scots lost. FYI Wallace died out in my family 3 generations ago replaced by Abbott due to my great grand mother having no brothers to bare the name.
@@stevestannard6004yes, it's a nice place now. It's had 300yrs of civilization... 😂😂😂 Look at the difference a few miles makes, Eyemouth is still a dump.
As I understand it, the reason Edward was expected to bend the knee to King Phillipe of France wasn't that England was part of the French sphere of authority but rather Edwards lands in France were. And not going to pay homage to Phillipe could have resulted in those lands being forfeit.
William the Conqueror and every English King through Henry VIII held French lands as vassals of the French King, William being Duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou and Maine and some others. Henry II added Aquitaine and Brittany through conquest and marriage. England was William's and his descendants by conquest and through the supposed behest of Edward the Confessor. The English kings until Edward I simply tried to avoid going to France and bending the knee for their French possessions, or like Henry II, ignore the French King since Henry II held more of "France" than the French King until his sons gave them away or lost them. From Edward I through Henry V, the Angevin/Plantagenet dynasts claimed the crown of France through a female relation, and an English King held as much or more land in France than the French King and Henry V actually was crowned as king before his death. Henry VI inherited the insanity of the Valois, the resurgence of the French and the Hundred Years War saw the end of English possessions in France.
Aquitaine, indeed. The lands were seized by the kings of France (first Philippe IV in 1296 and his son Charles IV in 1324) due to a failure in feudal duties (precisely the lack of homage). By 1360, Edward III will force the French to give him full sovereignty over the Duchy, along with several other possessions. This state lasted for a little under a century. By 1451, it was fully back into French hands and would remain so to this day.
@@michaelsnyder3871 William 1 wasn't count of Anjou and Maine. The first one to be more than duke of Normandy was Henry 2 who inherited normandy from his mother, anjou, maine and touraine from his father and married the duchess of aquitaine but he was only duke consort. Henry 2 also wasn't duke of britanny but controlled it after Conan 4's death and the marriage of Constance (Conan's daughter) and Geoffroy (Henry 2's son). The reason why the normand/plantagenet were so adamant to bend the knee is that for almost 300 years between 900 and 1200, all the big nobles of france (duke and/or count) were more powerful than the king who in theory controlled the kingdom but in practice has barely no power outside the royal domain. The first king of england who claimed the throne of france was Edward 3, not Edward 1 and the claim ended with Edward 4 at picquigny in 1475. Henry 5 was never crowned as king before his death because he died before Charles 6 but Henry 6 was crowned in 1431 but it was pointless because the coronation happened at Paris instead of Reims. Henry 6 was under regency until 1437 and was more a victim of the civil war's end and the artillery rather than the french resurgence which happend in the late 1420's.
It’s funny how many medieval battles are just ‘they ran at each other’. Like, Bannock Burn is such a master class of a battle with its twists and turns and surprises, then there’s Halidon Hill which is just a ‘run at them and try not to die’ strategy. Still, I love the smaller battles that aren’t as often discussed, and HistoryMarche is my favorite place to go for them. Keep up the good work!
Things were highly decentralised at the time. There was no unified training in signals or such. As a result any noble could basically only command their own troops or those in hearing range. Higher level tactics are almost impossible then, unless a pre-determined battleplan is executed by each noble, but that would be incredibly rigid AND require the nobles to actually cooperate. And would they? A lot of these guys never met eachother or once every X years and only showed up if their lord / king summoned them.
@ You got a link for that claim lol when did you start? Norman engiand? You do realise the lowland Scot’s were Anglo Saxons and part of the kingdom of Northumbria lol your not even Scottish connelly lol Irish boy your ancestors didn’t even arrive in Scotland till 1850s potato boy
As someone who has lived in Berwick my whole life essentially and currently watching this late at night in tweedmouth. You did this very well. Everyone who grows up here knows the tale and it was a great watch to see it visualised.
For those who haven't heard this story before, it may seem jarring and out of character for the famously honorable Edward III to arrest and kill Mortimer out of nowhere, his mother boyfriend and one that didn't seem to do anything to Edward. It only seems out of nowhere, Mortimer definitely deserved his end (and not for having killed Edward IIIs father like some documentaries make it sound like). The young Edward was a true puppet and virtual prisoner of Mortimer, who had his movements heavily restricted and was surrounded by Mortimer's spies. Mortimer's vanity and ambition grew to the point that he was even taking precedence over Edward at public events. The two final straws broke when Edward III's son was born and then quickly after rumors that Edwards mother Isabella was pregnant. There was now a real danger that Edward III would either be killed (secretly assassinated) in favor of his own son becoming Mortimer new puppet king he could use to rule for another 18 years or that he would be deposed like his father had been and killed in favor of Mortimer's own (potential) son with Isabella. On the night of Edwards coup he was staying in Nottingham with his mother. While there Edwards supporters were barred from Nottingham castle and the castle guards were ordered not to obey Edwards commands (Mortimer was inside the castle, Edward and Isabella were staying elsewhere in the city). The kings supporters left the city in a very public huff but then secretly re-entered the city later that night. Edward and his friends then moved against Mortimer, entering the castle via a secret entrance in the castle using a key obtained from his mother. Mortimer was caught completely off guard and arrested.
Only the King could authorise the execution of a member of the royal family. Mortimer had Edward's cousin executed without his authorisation (which he wouldn't have given). That sealed his fate.
Right on! As an American, this is my history too, but it definitely needs to be told in a proper English accent! Excellent detail and a great narrative.
Idk why I’m obsessed with English longbowmem. I think it’s because they were my favorite unit in age of empires 2 but the longbowmen are just so freaking cool!
They show that archers weren't just unarmoured peasants with bows, but lethal professional killers with the medieval equivelant of a Sniper Rifle, and were still pretty tasty in hand to hand combat.
@@garytaylor2944that’s a myth, not saying that Welsh bowman didn’t exist or serve but when it comes to English armies the vast majority were English, usually from the midlands.
@@garytaylor2944 There were many Welsh Longbowmen, and the concept of a warrior fighting with a longbow and in melee was something developed as a main tactic by the Welsh, but the majority of the longbowmen were English. Cymro ydw i, o gogledd Cymru hefyd. dwi'n gwbod hanes fi.
Story of Edwards seems like story of Basil II. He was crowned early as a teenager, he got some humiliating defeats, he barely escaped death but he slowly prepared his revenge to all his enemies and become the most successful emperor of (Eastern) Roman Empire.
@@robert-surcoufYou've got to understand the context. France was like the medieval version of the USA, it was a super rich kingdom with the best trained knights in Europe. When Edward III invaded France, England was like Mexico, it was smaller, poorer and didn't have the knights France did and yet he managed to win fights with the French that sent shockwaves across Europe. He began a war that would see English occupation of French territory for the next 116 years. Regardless of the failures later in his reign, his overall kingship was successful.
@@EnglandVersus If you talk about France until 1314, it was indeed the kingdom with the second biggest population in europe behing the holy roman empire, was indeed rich with many knights but it wasn't a unified kingdom between the king and the nobles outside the royal domain like the revolt of flanders in the 1290-1300's or in 1328 and the war of guyenne between 1294 and 1297 and later the war of saint sardos in 1324. The royal power had a quick decline after Philippe 4's death in 1314 with all his 3 sons and 1 grandson dying quickly between 1314 and 1328 and the new Valois dynasty had to build his own reputation and power when Philippe 6 took the throne. For England itself, it was a united kingdom, the most populous kingdom after the HRE and France and its closeness with Flanders wich was the wealthiest place in europe with northern italy helped his own economy so England wasn't at the same scale as the HRE and France and was indeed smaller in population and poorer but it was definitely not a third rate country in europe. The reason why Edward 3 was able to win so many battles between the early 1330's and Poitiers in 1356 is simply because he used new tactics which focused more on archery than mounted knights, while the latter was the standard in europe in the last centuries and was also used by england until the 1320's. Edward 3 indeed had a great run until Poitiers and conquered Calais which will stay in england's hand until 1558 but for everything else, he had the upped hand in 1358 with Jean 2 as prisoner and the first treaty of London but became too greedy with the second treaty of London and in the end, was forced to sigh the treaty of Brétigny that gave him all the old aquitaine in 1360 but lost everything in the next 17 years and when he died in 1377, only Bayonne, Bordeaux and Calais remained in his hands while everything else was taken back by Charles 5 unlike in 1337 when he had all the Guyenne. His reign could be viewed as amazing if we stopped it in 1356 (or 1359 with the second treaty of London) but in the end, his last two decades means he ended with less lands in 1377 than in 1327 and with a ruined kingdom that could be explained by his inability to evolve his own tactics after Poitiers, his inability to protect the lands owned after Brétigny from his own mercenaries after the disaster from Castile, his decision to made english the official language in 1361 that antagonize him his new subjects in Aquitaine and his political loss against Charles 5. In the end, Edward 3 could be viewed as a good king overall but not in the same league as Henry 1 or Edward 1 who both didn't 40% of their reign being on the losing side.
So interesting too see in a depth video on the place i went to school and grew up in, Growing up in the village of Norham and having one of my middle school houses being named Halidon hill. Superb work, Thankyou for such a reminder of my growing up, and heritage as a scot living in the most contested town in the Country.
Another wonderful historical coverage episode was shared by an amazing ( History Marche) channel. Episode about a part of British thrones of Edward III ( 1309 AD forward)History and its clashed with several Scottish rebellious lords... Edward III gained his English throne solidified through battles victory ✌️ Halidon Hil over Scottish defeated army ( in 1333 AD) thanks for sharing
@@bevan2342Edward the Second was overthrown and imprisoned by his wife and her lover. He died mysteriously while in captivity. The rumor at the time was that he was killed by having a red hot pocker shoved up his anus. However, this is not proven.
0:51 dunno if this map was supposed to be accurate for the timeline but if it was, there's a mistake here. Portugal conquered the Algarve region in 1249 and it's being shown here as if the moors still had a foothold in the South of Portugal in the XIV century which is false. Other than that, great video. Keep up the good work.
Would really like you to go into detail with the Battles of Annan, Dupplin Moor and the other battles of the Second War of Scottish Independence. It's a part of history that is often overlooked, but had massive consequences later.
I do love this channel. Informative and a breath of fresh air. Roger Mortimer was hanged. Though, in retrospect, he may well have been hung or well endowed.🤔🙂 Either way, great content.
Why is James Douglas listed on the banner when it was he brother Archibald leading the army? The Black Douglas would surely have not lead the army into such a catastrophe
The victories at Dupplin Moor and Halidon hill provided the english with the blueprint that works so well for them during the Hundred Years’ War. With smaller Dismounted armies of longbowmen and men at arms fighting a defensive battle against larger enemies armies and come through victorious.
That Edward ll was murdered is still a subject of hot debate, there is much to suspect that he was moved about after Berkeley and was imprisoned in various places on the continent, ending up in Spain. One thing that is confirmed is what Edward lll did to Mortimer and Isabella once he reached the age of succession though.
besides Henry III who ruled 56 years and had a good start but caused chaos in the 1260's and died likely un mourned in November 1272 age 65 until like his Son Edward I when he Died July 7th 1307 age 68 and Edward III who died June 1st 1377 age 64 and said to be the greatest king since King Arthur sort of forgetting Edward I. George III of the united Kingdom Ruled 59 years r. October 25th 1760(age 22) to January 29th 1820(age 81)
@@Steven-jn2cwakin to how the American Continentals during the early parts of the Revolution lost more against England until they found a way to beat them from both Daniel Morgan & Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben's stewardship.
It got worse, the remaining Scottish field army effectively went into the service of the French king in the Hundred Years War and functionally ceased to exist after the Battle of Verneuil, where the Scottish king David II was killed on the field less than a hundred years later. It also wasn't the only military catastrophe in Scottish history, nor the last time a Scottish king was killed on the field of battle. That would be King James IV of Scotland who died at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. Scottish military history is indeed very sad, same with Ireland.
@@tedhodge4830 Yeah but Scotland survived and had lesser known victories after there famous defeats that allowed them to survive, Scotland got the last laugh with James the 1st
I see a common thread in these battles. A lack of patience seems to be the undoing of most militaries of the sword and spear era wars. I know they were trying to save a town in this case, but leaving the marsh into an arrow filled killing field was a pretty dumb move. A Hannibal like move to send a force in initially and retreat to the marsh, spurring an advance from the young King, would've allowed for an ambush to be set where the long bowmen would have been useless.
The tactics apparently witnessed at the Battle of Boroughbridge ( must of been the lack of damage inflicted by the kings spearmen against the rebellious Lancastrian knights) …which was then proved by the small English invasion army at the battle of Dupplin Muir near Perth …Put into large scale practice at this battle ….mounted knights dismounted to become heavy infantry in the centre and the warbows on the wings …..effective against the French but absolutely devastating against the Scottish spearmen whose armour consisted of mostly quilted jam on jackets …….
Isn't that called the Livonian crusades? Am reading a great series of novels about a character who becomes a knight in that area of conflict in those times
@strangemachines_ it's the 'Crusader Chronicles' by Peter Darman, a ficticious 6 book series, culminating at the battle at Lake Peipus. His main protagonist, Conrad Wolffe is involved in lots of historically accurate events. I really enjoyed it
Been in the room where that happened, nobody deserves that. Edward III was his son and took suitable revenge as soon as he could, his mum locked up in a nunnery and Mortimer was hanged. I thought he got off lightly tbh
@@boogiesmell5181 Notice the word "alleged" in my statement. I never claimed that he was definitely proven to have suffered that fate. You weren't there, I wasn't there and "modern scholars and historians" weren't there. Nothing can be "100% proven" either way, though it is considered to be unlikely.
@@DamonNomad82 I noticed, my comment wasn't directly addressed to you. However we can say with total certainty that he wasn't killed in that way, based on what we do know about the events, and we really know a good deal through contemporary documents, writs, records and chronicles. The fact that nobody alive today was "there" can hardly be used as an argument. Otherwise we could also speculate that maybe the battle of Halidon Hill didn't happen in 1333, or the first world war didn't happen at all... because none of us were there. That way lies madness. But I get your point, don't worry, usually one should be very careful when stating that something is "100 % certain". But this is one of the rare cases that I can say so with absolute certainty, based on several books I've read.
@@geesehoward700 I meant more the scottish army, see flodden and culloden as other examples (Yes the jacobites aren't purely scots but I'm counting them in this case)
Arbroath is at St Andrews, Montrose is at Arbroath, Aberdeen is at Stonehaven and Inverurie is at Portlethen. This is the third time I've commented on inaccurate maps on this channel. Is there no-one else who can do your maps? Perhaps someone you know with an 'O' grade geography?
A very good presentation. Im sad however that warfare continued after the Bruce passed away. But eventually, Scotland recovered and sustained about an other 300 years of independence... Until 1707 😢
🚩 Give Lingopie a try using my link learn.lingopie.com/historymarche and get a special discount!
🚩 Battle of Halidon Hill (1333) played a big part in the development of English military tactics. Edward III would later use the same defensive setup to confound the mounted chivalry of France at the Battles of Crécy and Poitiers. This was Edward III's first battle and the only one that he fought in England. At Halidon Hill he witnessed the strength of the defensive combination of archers and dismounted men-at-arms already used to great effect by Edward Balliol the previous year at the Battle of Dupplin Moor in Scotland.
Love your content! This was an amazing video🎉🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤
so i take it you are not going to finish HANNIBAL??? people have been asking and nothing from you guys.
is it possible you guys do the battle of Zama instead of these pointless videos, I'm sure you get much more views
The Earl of Ross was courageous while the Scottish Calvary can be seen as traitors because they took to the field but left before the fighting was over.
@thugdaddy007 I am part Scottish and related directly to Argyle Wallace (William Wallace's uncle). I enjoyed this video even if the Scots lost. FYI Wallace died out in my family 3 generations ago replaced by Abbott due to my great grand mother having no brothers to bare the name.
My comment as a sacrifice for the algorithm but in reality is because I love this channel.
Like farmer
Yea, this brother's alright. He's a genuine bro.
Roma... Eterna.
I second that!!
What is dead will never die
I found this channel due to my addiction to total war games recently. Not gonna lie made me buy a history book too XD Love this channel.
I've played total war since 1998 lol
Best one is Medieval Total War
@@jimjones1130 Oh definitely by a long shot.
Same mate. I recently found out you can buy some of the total war games on your phone if you want to play on the go
@@jimjones1130the original? The second one you mean surely?
Berwick changed hands many times between England and Scotland. Whoever lost a battle had to keep it.
I love Berwick upon Tweed.
@@stevestannard6004yes, it's a nice place now. It's had 300yrs of civilization... 😂😂😂
Look at the difference a few miles makes, Eyemouth is still a dump.
Lol
Yes and they've got a Scots accent there too. It's a lovely place Berwick.
'lost' a battle? That intentional...?
Day 2 of asking HistoryMarche to finish 2nd Punic war series
🫡
I wish historymarche do some crusades i really like those series 😭😭😭
For Ball Hammon !
@@mohdnorhakiminothman9971 didn't they finished the crusades?
@@pajserlatacchini9400 *baal
As I understand it, the reason Edward was expected to bend the knee to King Phillipe of France wasn't that England was part of the French sphere of authority but rather Edwards lands in France were. And not going to pay homage to Phillipe could have resulted in those lands being forfeit.
William the Conqueror and every English King through Henry VIII held French lands as vassals of the French King, William being Duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou and Maine and some others. Henry II added Aquitaine and Brittany through conquest and marriage. England was William's and his descendants by conquest and through the supposed behest of Edward the Confessor. The English kings until Edward I simply tried to avoid going to France and bending the knee for their French possessions, or like Henry II, ignore the French King since Henry II held more of "France" than the French King until his sons gave them away or lost them. From Edward I through Henry V, the Angevin/Plantagenet dynasts claimed the crown of France through a female relation, and an English King held as much or more land in France than the French King and Henry V actually was crowned as king before his death. Henry VI inherited the insanity of the Valois, the resurgence of the French and the Hundred Years War saw the end of English possessions in France.
Aquitaine, indeed.
The lands were seized by the kings of France (first Philippe IV in 1296 and his son Charles IV in 1324) due to a failure in feudal duties (precisely the lack of homage).
By 1360, Edward III will force the French to give him full sovereignty over the Duchy, along with several other possessions. This state lasted for a little under a century. By 1451, it was fully back into French hands and would remain so to this day.
Just to clarify, no English King after Edward III ever held lands in France as vassal to the King of France.
@@michaelsnyder3871 William 1 wasn't count of Anjou and Maine.
The first one to be more than duke of Normandy was Henry 2 who inherited normandy from his mother, anjou, maine and touraine from his father and married the duchess of aquitaine but he was only duke consort.
Henry 2 also wasn't duke of britanny but controlled it after Conan 4's death and the marriage of Constance (Conan's daughter) and Geoffroy (Henry 2's son).
The reason why the normand/plantagenet were so adamant to bend the knee is that for almost 300 years between 900 and 1200, all the big nobles of france (duke and/or count) were more powerful than the king who in theory controlled the kingdom but in practice has barely no power outside the royal domain.
The first king of england who claimed the throne of france was Edward 3, not Edward 1 and the claim ended with Edward 4 at picquigny in 1475.
Henry 5 was never crowned as king before his death because he died before Charles 6 but Henry 6 was crowned in 1431 but it was pointless because the coronation happened at Paris instead of Reims.
Henry 6 was under regency until 1437 and was more a victim of the civil war's end and the artillery rather than the french resurgence which happend in the late 1420's.
The black prince put an end to that, ruthlessly
It’s funny how many medieval battles are just ‘they ran at each other’. Like, Bannock Burn is such a master class of a battle with its twists and turns and surprises, then there’s Halidon Hill which is just a ‘run at them and try not to die’ strategy. Still, I love the smaller battles that aren’t as often discussed, and HistoryMarche is my favorite place to go for them. Keep up the good work!
Things were highly decentralised at the time. There was no unified training in signals or such. As a result any noble could basically only command their own troops or those in hearing range.
Higher level tactics are almost impossible then, unless a pre-determined battleplan is executed by each noble, but that would be incredibly rigid AND require the nobles to actually cooperate. And would they? A lot of these guys never met eachother or once every X years and only showed up if their lord / king summoned them.
@@nvelsen1975A masters degree in medieval warfare condensed into a few sentences.
Bannockburn was a fluke lol the English basically curb stomped the Scottish most of history
@@Beepbeepbeepbe That is not true in fact Scotland has won more battles against England than it lost, 31-24 at the last count.
@ You got a link for that claim lol when did you start? Norman engiand? You do realise the lowland Scot’s were Anglo Saxons and part of the kingdom of Northumbria lol your not even Scottish connelly lol Irish boy your ancestors didn’t even arrive in Scotland till 1850s potato boy
As someone who has lived in Berwick my whole life essentially and currently watching this late at night in tweedmouth. You did this very well. Everyone who grows up here knows the tale and it was a great watch to see it visualised.
For those who haven't heard this story before, it may seem jarring and out of character for the famously honorable Edward III to arrest and kill Mortimer out of nowhere, his mother boyfriend and one that didn't seem to do anything to Edward. It only seems out of nowhere, Mortimer definitely deserved his end (and not for having killed Edward IIIs father like some documentaries make it sound like). The young Edward was a true puppet and virtual prisoner of Mortimer, who had his movements heavily restricted and was surrounded by Mortimer's spies. Mortimer's vanity and ambition grew to the point that he was even taking precedence over Edward at public events. The two final straws broke when Edward III's son was born and then quickly after rumors that Edwards mother Isabella was pregnant. There was now a real danger that Edward III would either be killed (secretly assassinated) in favor of his own son becoming Mortimer new puppet king he could use to rule for another 18 years or that he would be deposed like his father had been and killed in favor of Mortimer's own (potential) son with Isabella.
On the night of Edwards coup he was staying in Nottingham with his mother. While there Edwards supporters were barred from Nottingham castle and the castle guards were ordered not to obey Edwards commands (Mortimer was inside the castle, Edward and Isabella were staying elsewhere in the city). The kings supporters left the city in a very public huff but then secretly re-entered the city later that night. Edward and his friends then moved against Mortimer, entering the castle via a secret entrance in the castle using a key obtained from his mother. Mortimer was caught completely off guard and arrested.
Cool, thanks for the info.
Only the King could authorise the execution of a member of the royal family. Mortimer had Edward's cousin executed without his authorisation (which he wouldn't have given). That sealed his fate.
Is that where the legend of Mortimer's hole comes from?
But what was the endgame for Edward the third mother’s did she wants to play them against each other and to get more power or what
@@thekinghass We don't know, but as an optimist, I think she was not all that interested in seeing her son killed by her megalomaniac lover.
A comprehensive description & build up to this battle plus your narrative was very well done.
Right on! As an American, this is my history too, but it definitely needs to be told in a proper English accent! Excellent detail and a great narrative.
You are right, it is your history too ! BTW, it is an English accent.
It’s very much an English accent. We have loads of different regional accents. Glad you enjoy the history.
@@Crusty_Camper That was my point. Brain Williams or Morgan Freeman or even Darth Vader doesn't work here. Maybe it was a bit unclear.
Exactly! England’s history, is America’s history before a certain period.
@@safeysmith6720 is *US history, not America's
Another amazing video! Thanks HM.
My pleasure! Thanks for the visit KHK
Idk why I’m obsessed with English longbowmem. I think it’s because they were my favorite unit in age of empires 2 but the longbowmen are just so freaking cool!
They show that archers weren't just unarmoured peasants with bows, but lethal professional killers with the medieval equivelant of a Sniper Rifle, and were still pretty tasty in hand to hand combat.
@@tellyheadlol4258tasty?
The 'English' bowmen were actually more often than not Welsh mercenary bowman
@@garytaylor2944that’s a myth, not saying that Welsh bowman didn’t exist or serve but when it comes to English armies the vast majority were English, usually from the midlands.
@@garytaylor2944 There were many Welsh Longbowmen, and the concept of a warrior fighting with a longbow and in melee was something developed as a main tactic by the Welsh, but the majority of the longbowmen were English.
Cymro ydw i, o gogledd Cymru hefyd. dwi'n gwbod hanes fi.
Just got back from my run and history march makes a new video.
Tremendous battle. Cheers to the algorithm and quality history! 🍻
Thanks for the visit
Story of Edwards seems like story of Basil II.
He was crowned early as a teenager, he got some humiliating defeats, he barely escaped death but he slowly prepared his revenge to all his enemies and become the most successful emperor of (Eastern) Roman Empire.
Basil 2 ended his rule with success while Edward 3's reign ended as a disaster with 20 years of failures after Poitiers.
@@robert-surcoufYou've got to understand the context. France was like the medieval version of the USA, it was a super rich kingdom with the best trained knights in Europe. When Edward III invaded France, England was like Mexico, it was smaller, poorer and didn't have the knights France did and yet he managed to win fights with the French that sent shockwaves across Europe. He began a war that would see English occupation of French territory for the next 116 years. Regardless of the failures later in his reign, his overall kingship was successful.
@@EnglandVersus If you talk about France until 1314, it was indeed the kingdom with the second biggest population in europe behing the holy roman empire, was indeed rich with many knights but it wasn't a unified kingdom between the king and the nobles outside the royal domain like the revolt of flanders in the 1290-1300's or in 1328 and the war of guyenne between 1294 and 1297 and later the war of saint sardos in 1324.
The royal power had a quick decline after Philippe 4's death in 1314 with all his 3 sons and 1 grandson dying quickly between 1314 and 1328 and the new Valois dynasty had to build his own reputation and power when Philippe 6 took the throne.
For England itself, it was a united kingdom, the most populous kingdom after the HRE and France and its closeness with Flanders wich was the wealthiest place in europe with northern italy helped his own economy so England wasn't at the same scale as the HRE and France and was indeed smaller in population and poorer but it was definitely not a third rate country in europe.
The reason why Edward 3 was able to win so many battles between the early 1330's and Poitiers in 1356 is simply because he used new tactics which focused more on archery than mounted knights, while the latter was the standard in europe in the last centuries and was also used by england until the 1320's.
Edward 3 indeed had a great run until Poitiers and conquered Calais which will stay in england's hand until 1558 but for everything else, he had the upped hand in 1358 with Jean 2 as prisoner and the first treaty of London but became too greedy with the second treaty of London and in the end, was forced to sigh the treaty of Brétigny that gave him all the old aquitaine in 1360 but lost everything in the next 17 years and when he died in 1377, only Bayonne, Bordeaux and Calais remained in his hands while everything else was taken back by Charles 5 unlike in 1337 when he had all the Guyenne.
His reign could be viewed as amazing if we stopped it in 1356 (or 1359 with the second treaty of London) but in the end, his last two decades means he ended with less lands in 1377 than in 1327 and with a ruined kingdom that could be explained by his inability to evolve his own tactics after Poitiers, his inability to protect the lands owned after Brétigny from his own mercenaries after the disaster from Castile, his decision to made english the official language in 1361 that antagonize him his new subjects in Aquitaine and his political loss against Charles 5.
In the end, Edward 3 could be viewed as a good king overall but not in the same league as Henry 1 or Edward 1 who both didn't 40% of their reign being on the losing side.
So interesting too see in a depth video on the place i went to school and grew up in, Growing up in the village of Norham and having one of my middle school houses being named Halidon hill. Superb work, Thankyou for such a reminder of my growing up, and heritage as a scot living in the most contested town in the Country.
Love your content history marche! You're the Best 😊😊😊😊
This content is exactly what I’ve been looking for! Subscribed and can’t wait for the next video.
Welcome aboard!
Its historymarche time!
Fascinating. I can see Halidon from my house and never really knew that much about it thanks for the detail
An outstanding video! 🏹🔥⚔
I love the videos ya’ll make here!! Totally love them and commenting as a sacrifice to the algorithm!
Have my comment! This channel is awesome!
Always pumping out bangers
A little tip but also count as a sacrifice comment.
Your sacrifice is appreciated! May Jupiter preserve you! Cheers man.
Great video as always.
I appreciate that
Thank you, again. Always well done.
Nothing like Medieval history to start the weekend 😎
Another great documentary. Thank you for your efforts in bringing history to life.
Great video, like always, but please, continue in Hannibal serie!
Thanks! Will do!
@@HistoryMarchetimeframe?
@@HistoryMarche Yes please do, Battle of Cannae is my favorite ever. Hannibal is the GOAT
Another wonderful historical coverage episode was shared by an amazing ( History Marche) channel. Episode about a part of British thrones of Edward III ( 1309 AD forward)History and its clashed with several Scottish rebellious lords... Edward III gained his English throne solidified through battles victory ✌️ Halidon Hil over Scottish defeated army ( in 1333 AD) thanks for sharing
@@mohammedsaysrashid3587 ‘rebellious’? Defending their own border?
Very well portrayed, again Sir!
Thank you.
Watched it early on Patreon and watching it again!
You're the best!
Edward got a real-life red-hot poker ending of his own personal plotline that usually only happens in shows like early Game of Thrones.
??
@@bevan2342 1:08 Read the legend on the lower left, bro.
This form of execution was done in order to disguise the assassination and appear Edward II death as of natural causes.
@@bevan2342Edward the Second was overthrown and imprisoned by his wife and her lover. He died mysteriously while in captivity. The rumor at the time was that he was killed by having a red hot pocker shoved up his anus. However, this is not proven.
Wring Edward. That was Edward the Second.
Thanks you for this post, very interesting.
HistoryMarche FTW!
0:51 dunno if this map was supposed to be accurate for the timeline but if it was, there's a mistake here. Portugal conquered the Algarve region in 1249 and it's being shown here as if the moors still had a foothold in the South of Portugal in the XIV century which is false. Other than that, great video. Keep up the good work.
Its not moors .... its moops
24:06 "'t'is but a scratch!"
I know the English long bowman from MIDEAVEL II and they are so effective 😅
Would really like you to go into detail with the Battles of Annan, Dupplin Moor and the other battles of the Second War of Scottish Independence. It's a part of history that is often overlooked, but had massive consequences later.
The She Wolf of France is one woman I would fear! I mean...eating your dinner while watching someone being hanged and quartered...
HistoryMarche is BACK!!!!!!!!!!!
God bless you Historymarche for giving us great content on Saturday while taking care of your sick father 🙏 may he get well
Thanks so much. He will be released from the hospital in a few days.
@@HistoryMarche good to hear.
Really well presented enjoyed that.
I do love this channel. Informative and a breath of fresh air.
Roger Mortimer was hanged. Though, in retrospect, he may well have been hung or well endowed.🤔🙂
Either way, great content.
Thanks, good video
Glad you liked it!
Lingo Pie will actually be perfect for me and my Gf awesome lmao
you are the greatest youtbuer of alltime
Very much looking forward to a video on David the second.
Great video! Seton is pronounced "Seeton" by the way, hopefully it's helpful for future episodes.
Love this channel!!!
Need to awaken again... now!
And at his heels leashed in like hounds would famine sword and fire crouch for employment let loose the dog's of war ?
@@keithsymons5708 It's coming soon...
I love the bit when the funny coloured squares battle each other, always hits
Thanks For this! Edward III was a legend😊😊😊❤❤❤
And a child killer....I wouldn't say he should be viewed in a good light for that. Murder is Murder we don't praise murderers.
@@Fliegerabwehrkanone-re1ty What children did he kill?
@@AyEhm-ii2dpberwick siege he hanged a 3yr old kid it's mentioned in this episode. He was a disgusting pig
@@Fliegerabwehrkanone-re1ty He deserves respect why watch History if you are going to cry about it's brutality?
@@JstBrahd so hitler killing jews is just history's brutality too?? No difference....murder is murder....and im a huge history fan.
Why is James Douglas listed on the banner when it was he brother Archibald leading the army? The Black Douglas would surely have not lead the army into such a catastrophe
Amen.
Black Douglas was on another level. And apparently Edward III had a hand in his death in Spain.
thank you!
outstanding
I very much enjoyed your video and I gave it a Thumbs Up
The victories at Dupplin Moor and Halidon hill provided the english with the blueprint that works so well for them during the Hundred Years’ War. With smaller Dismounted armies of longbowmen and men at arms fighting a defensive battle against larger enemies armies and come through victorious.
That Edward ll was murdered is still a subject of hot debate, there is much to suspect that he was moved about after Berkeley and was imprisoned in various places on the continent, ending up in Spain. One thing that is confirmed is what Edward lll did to Mortimer and Isabella once he reached the age of succession though.
I already suggested this but Byzantine civil war of 1320s and Battle of Velbazd would be a great video
@12:24 "strusty" is a new one for me
Ah Edward III one of the longest reigning for the era and greatest kings England had.
besides Henry III who ruled 56 years and had a good start but caused chaos in the 1260's and died likely un mourned in November 1272 age 65 until like his Son Edward I when he Died July 7th 1307 age 68 and Edward III who died June 1st 1377 age 64 and said to be the greatest king since King Arthur sort of forgetting Edward I. George III of the united Kingdom Ruled 59 years r. October 25th 1760(age 22) to January 29th 1820(age 81)
How Scotland survived the second war of independence after such major defeats is remarkable
Agreed. A very resilient people.
@@Steven-jn2cwakin to how the American Continentals during the early parts of the Revolution lost more against England until they found a way to beat them from both Daniel Morgan & Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben's stewardship.
It got worse, the remaining Scottish field army effectively went into the service of the French king in the Hundred Years War and functionally ceased to exist after the Battle of Verneuil, where the Scottish king David II was killed on the field less than a hundred years later. It also wasn't the only military catastrophe in Scottish history, nor the last time a Scottish king was killed on the field of battle. That would be King James IV of Scotland who died at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. Scottish military history is indeed very sad, same with Ireland.
@@tedhodge4830
Yeah but Scotland survived and had lesser known victories after there famous defeats that allowed them to survive, Scotland got the last laugh with James the 1st
No small part because Edward chose to pursue his interests in France over Scotland.
Great video! Small point though, as a local Stanhope is pronounced without the H: more like stan-up
Superb as always.
Nicely done video
Thank you very much!
@@HistoryMarche---Your welcome. I'm surprised you even noticed this comment.
Congrats to big Dave 2 for stepping up.
Thanks
A rare battle I could not tell who to root for.
Awesome thank
Please, please finish the second Punic War series! That campaign has been delayed long enough
Very informative
I see a common thread in these battles.
A lack of patience seems to be the undoing of most militaries of the sword and spear era wars.
I know they were trying to save a town in this case, but leaving the marsh into an arrow filled killing field was a pretty dumb move.
A Hannibal like move to send a force in initially and retreat to the marsh, spurring an advance from the young King, would've allowed for an ambush to be set where the long bowmen would have been useless.
Harold Godwin was guilty of this at Hastings. He allowed himself to be provoked into battle too early, before his entire army had assembled.
I chill up top of Halidon Hill after watching speedway in Berwick. Got photos of the view down to town of anyone wants to see :)
Would you consider a segment on Malahide Castle, near Dublin?
James Douglas went on Crusade with the late Robert the Bruce's heart and a small contingent of knights errant and died in battle 1330.
Please finish the hannibal series we all love it
The tactics apparently witnessed at the Battle of Boroughbridge ( must of been the lack of damage inflicted by the kings spearmen against the rebellious Lancastrian knights) …which was then proved by the small English invasion army at the battle of Dupplin Muir near Perth …Put into large scale practice at this battle ….mounted knights dismounted to become heavy infantry in the centre and the warbows on the wings …..effective against the French but absolutely devastating against the Scottish spearmen whose armour consisted of mostly quilted jam on jackets …….
Good video
great stuff.!v
A dark day indeed 🏴💔
Thank you for doing more Scotland even though it showcases our stupidity!
Excellent videos
I was wondering but will be doing the battle of dupplin moor.
TY🙏🙏
HistoryMarche please do more on the Baltic Crusades / Pagans Estonia & Lithuania 🙏
Isn't that called the Livonian crusades? Am reading a great series of novels about a character who becomes a knight in that area of conflict in those times
@@cj4857 Livonian Crusades yep by the Brothers of the Sword. That novel sounds amazing what is it called?
@strangemachines_ it's the 'Crusader Chronicles' by Peter Darman, a ficticious 6 book series, culminating at the battle at Lake Peipus. His main protagonist, Conrad Wolffe is involved in lots of historically accurate events. I really enjoyed it
@@cj4857 I will find a copy of the first book and give it a read ! Thanks
I sometimes refer to King Edward II as "King Hot-Poker-Butt" due to his alleged fate...
😅😅😅
Been in the room where that happened, nobody deserves that. Edward III was his son and took suitable revenge as soon as he could, his mum locked up in a nunnery and Mortimer was hanged. I thought he got off lightly tbh
It's not how he died though, modern scholars and historians are all in agreement on this. We can say with 100% certainty that this is not how he died.
@@boogiesmell5181 Notice the word "alleged" in my statement. I never claimed that he was definitely proven to have suffered that fate. You weren't there, I wasn't there and "modern scholars and historians" weren't there. Nothing can be "100% proven" either way, though it is considered to be unlikely.
@@DamonNomad82 I noticed, my comment wasn't directly addressed to you.
However we can say with total certainty that he wasn't killed in that way, based on what we do know about the events, and we really know a good deal through contemporary documents, writs, records and chronicles.
The fact that nobody alive today was "there" can hardly be used as an argument. Otherwise we could also speculate that maybe the battle of Halidon Hill didn't happen in 1333, or the first world war didn't happen at all... because none of us were there. That way lies madness.
But I get your point, don't worry, usually one should be very careful when stating that something is "100 % certain". But this is one of the rare cases that I can say so with absolute certainty, based on several books I've read.
I guess next time the scots call for no prisoners they better make sure they win.
I don't think they'll need to watch out for the English army anytime soon.
It’s a good thing English Kings knew how to hide under skirts of clergymen. 😂
@@bazmc1153 How is the independence campaign going on? Do you know where I can rent a motorhome as well? 😂
@@coops1964 Ask the new arrivals? They've probably passed a few caravans on their way to the Hilton hotel.
@@coops1964
Scotland founded the United Kingdom, Independence is the wet dream of globalist marxists.
David McCallion is a great narrator.
that is terrifying. cant imagine being trapped inside a tent and stabbed to death
I swear any time the army attacks up hill it ends in disaster
battle of bosworth?
@@geesehoward700 I meant more the scottish army, see flodden and culloden as other examples
(Yes the jacobites aren't purely scots but I'm counting them in this case)
William the Bastard at Hastings.
@@MrKbonezalmost ended in disaster but the Anglo Saxons broke the shield wall and tried to pursue.
@@hopeundertheblacksun whatever the excuse, the Normans attacked uphill and won.
nice!
You guys should do a video about Frederick Barbarossa
@@lumbomukuka7948 agree
One of the many examples in history where the number of soldiers didn’t matter, even though they had a larger army the Scottish still lost in the end
Longbows had a particular death toll in this period. Many similar examples. They were extremely effective when trained and deployed well.
At 14 mins in, your map showing Fife incorrectly shows Arbroath where it should say St Andrews. Arbroath is up on the Angus coastline.
Arbroath is at St Andrews, Montrose is at Arbroath, Aberdeen is at Stonehaven and Inverurie is at Portlethen. This is the third time I've commented on inaccurate maps on this channel. Is there no-one else who can do your maps? Perhaps someone you know with an 'O' grade geography?
A very good presentation. Im sad however that warfare continued after the Bruce passed away. But eventually, Scotland recovered and sustained about an other 300 years of independence... Until 1707 😢
Where do the details of these battles come from? I can understand more modern battles, did they have scribes recording tactical decisions?