I have been doing aircraft sheet metal and structural repair for almost 20 years. This has got to be one of the best and perfectly simplified explanations of bend allowances and set back I have ever seen.... Big thumbs up.
I don't weld, I don't bend metal, I don't do any of the type of projects that This Old Tony does...and I love every video he does. I giggle, I laugh, I learn. He gets me.
yessssssssss me tooooooo, i do nothing old tony does but i watch for entertainment value, machining does interest me tho, the humour, and video editing and "engineering" are tops, the cats pajamas, the bees knees, the giraffes elbows, the eagles eye, the kiwis beak, (i guarantee* i didnt make any of these up) *this is not a guarantee
I couldn't have said it better myself. I only dream of having half the talent or half the tools that Tony has. The videos keep me coming back because I learn so much and laugh in the process. Brilliant work.
This Old Tony: I come back to this video every once in a while when I’m feeling down. It’s so exceptionally well presented and diagrammed, it makes me want to weep. Wonderful stuff.
There´s no subtle way of saying what I have to say, so I´ll just come out and say it. No beating around the bush, just get it out there, straight as an arrow. I´m not one for stalling, I´m a man you see and I just talk straight out of the bag and BOOM, to the point. Some people just seem never to get to the point of the matter, and keep jabbering on about this and that while never getting to the core of the issue. So, the thing is this, and I´ve given this a great amount of thought , I´m one of those thinkers you know, straight out of the bag, to the point, after a reasonable amount of time spent thinking it over, as to get the facts straight. Ever since the Boring head, and figuring out the squareness of things, and even well before that with your taper attachment and straight edge (with straight being an ironic keyword) i´ve been thinking, and you know me, never dragging my feet, always getting to the punch as quickly as possible. -Well, This Old Tony, here goes.. I think i love you.
i mean to do that he'd need a hundred of shop employees inspectors and office/ admin people and that phone stand protoype would cost millions of dollars and then there would be a meeting to discuss its possible military applications haha
@thelaughingman79 TOT actually DID build a NASA level piece which is on display at the Smithsonian as "Project Egress" with Adam Savage as the promoter to the project. Check it out, LOTS of super cool projects went into it and it showcased some amazing talent for an art installation to commemorate Apollo..
I’m a tin knocker for 24 years, hvac as well. Miles of flashing, rain gutters,(copper, galvanized, and stainless steel sheets), downspouts, sheetmetal round and rectangular ductwork under house crawl spaces, attic spaces, rooftops, furnace and AC installs. In that time I’ve typically used slitter, stomp sheer, box/pan break, and a standard 10 foot break. Pipe lock and Pittsburgh machine. Good to see some tin knocker content. Thanks for the vids!!
I tend tubes all day for a living and in 5 minutes of watching you explain how to bend I have a better understanding of the concept than I have since I started that job 2 years ago. Tony you're the man!
Hey! You *said* it'd just be addition, subtraction, multiplication and that sort of thing, but don't think you can just slip the intermediate value theorem past me at 18:25... we both know that's calculus!
With metal that is mostly incompressible, one could calculate this by the crosssectional area. The outer curve will be pulled inwards while surplus material from the inner curve pushes outwards, so the neutral axis might do all kind of weird things and wander within the material, but in the end the area of crossection represents the volume of material that has been moved but it will still be the same volume.
Back in my days as an electrician, in a galaxy far far away, we used bend setbacks all the time in bending EMT and "Rigid" conduits. It was not uncommon to see an electrician mark out all the bends in an entire 20' piece, then start at one end and make every bend in order all the way down the pipe before sticking it into place -- where it would fit precisely. Maybe something like a 1/2" offset to go from a surface mount box to flush with the wall, poke through a deck, then a 90* bend, then maybe a 5" offset to go back up flush with the bottom of the deck, then a tiny 1/2" offset to go into the other surface mount box. The "cheat" there is that the setbacks were usually marked on the bending head, and the good heads even had the factors by which a given offset would shorten the work -- for example, a 45* kick would be 1.4, so if you needed to offset 5" x 1.4, you could make two marks, 7" apart, make opposite 45* bends with the "back" of the bend at those marks, and you'd have a perfect 5" kick. Yeah, math nuts, it should be 1.41424, so sue me. And, yeah, go over 360* total bends in a run and you'll have hell on a stick pulling wires. But so it goes -- make the kicks 30* then. You get the idea. So to make a long post short, great video. Thanks for that.
As a woodworker getting into metalwork I am finding out more and more of what I do not know. This is the first of your videos I've watched but not the last because your combination of solid logic and science and math with very bad humor the information becomes ever so much more accessible. Nice job!
The most important point Tony made was that drawings or sketches rarely if ever contain the information you need to bend tubing or sheet to size. You have to figure that out for your self. Another point to stress is that for sheet material, especially aluminum, you have to take into account the direction in which the material was rolled at the mill. Avoid bends that are parallel to the way the material was rolled. You are much more likely to get cracks. When you have to bend parallel to the direction of the rolling or extrusion marks, aluminum should be annealed before bending. The easy way to do that is to blacken the material with soot by just using acetylene from the torch. Heat the aluminum with the torch and the moment the soot burns away the aluminum is ready to bend.
This is true about the direction of the grain structures in aluminum, which is something I have to account for a lot. It's often I have to put parts on a 30-45 degree bias in order to fit them onto a sheet or to make it so that various bends all avoid being along the grain. But, I've bent tons of full-hard 6061-T6 and as long as one sticks to a generous bend radius it should not be a problem with cracking. The problem is almost all people are setup with equipment to do steel sheet which doesn't much care about the bend radius so when I say "I need to just throw a bend into some 6061-T6" they get incredulous or warn me that it will crack. But doing a lot of it, I just use a min 1/8" radius for anything from .016 up to .040 and Bob's yer Auntie. And to do that on equipment setup for knife-edge tin-knocker bends, get some strips of said tin sheet and bend those around the nose of your break to form a shoe. A few layers should do, and with a little tape it'll hold until you're done. Of course it means you'll have to offset your clamps a good margin to accommodate for having a few layers of extra shim, and so that's more work to reset when all is done.
Scott, you're right about bending aluminum (and the most common 6061-T6). But for years I got drawings from MIT engineers who had a lot of book learn'in, but zero experience in actually having to make the stuff they designed. So, "generous bend radius"wasn't in their vocabulary. In the shop I worked in for many years, we did a lot of peculiar work for Sandia and Los Alamos Nationial Labs and GE jet engine division. It was fun because they were willing to pay for doing it. We did a lot of fabrication that pushed the limits of what is usually done in the shop.
Good points, aceroadholder A couple of further related points: IF you don't have acetylene, another way to gauge the (crucial) temperature for hot-bending or straightening alu alloys is to smear the zone with hand soap and heat only until chocolate brown. A decent hot air gun will do the job on small work And if you don't have a male V-punch with a big enough radius to prevent cracking when press-braking alu alloy, a quick and dirty approach is to grind or machine a flat on the end of the punch. Keep increasing the size of the flat until the cracking is eliminated. This works by effectively substituting, for a single 90deg bend, two 45 deg bends so close together that they effectively blend and look like a single bend.
Or, since (nearly) everyone has access to the internet, just look up the minimum bend radius for whatever metal and thickness you wish to bend... I spent my career in aviation, and bent 6061-T6, 2024T-3, and 7075-T6 on a daily basis. Not sure about other industries, but the minimum bend radius given in aviation pubs, is good for any grain orientation of the metal.
with my .06" 3003 h14 aluminum, I've never worried about bend radius or grain direction. never had appreciable tearing. (depends on alloy and thickness whether a 0 bend radius matters). that needed clarification in this video, and in your comment as well.
I'm a mechanical engineer and I work designing lots of sheet metal parts. And though I understand how forming works and I can design parts that work well, walking through it from the very beginning is very interesting. Definitely learned a few things. Thank you!
@@JMcKaySV not sure if you're an engineer, but modern CAD systems encapsulate the underlying theory of forming. If you want a 5" x 5" formed angle you just sketch out the formed version of it and don't have to worry about starting with a flat panel of X x Y size and you also don't have to worry about where exactly the bend line is.
Just to poke one more thing onto an exceptional video - the difference between the flat pattern length and the sum of the flange lengths to OML (Outside Mold Line, intersection of the planes of the flat outside of the material to either side of the bend) can be referred to as "X-Value". This is effectively the difference between the Bend Allowance and the sum of the Set Backs. The X-Value is very useful when going from a drawing like shown at the end of the video to a Flat Pattern drawing because you can just overlap your distance from the edge of the flange to the bend apex by the X-Value and you've got your FP length. Again, awesome video - I work drafting aerospace sheet metal parts for manufacture and I found zero fault with it, just wanted to contribute.
Very interesting I always do the trial and error method. I worked at a rail car company where we rebuilt wrecked rail cars. We had a humongous press brake that would bend up to 2" thick steel at least 10' long actually I think it could bend a lot longer but it wasn't what I did. All I know is that we all had much respect for the main operator. He was a mountain of a man and the parts he made for us always fit. He would come to the car and we would help him get his measurements these parts weighed several tons. I worked on the open gondola cars that carry coils of steel. They have 1.50 to 2" side's bent like a j and an even heavier sub frame or in the industry it's called a center seal? Watching this video raised a lot of questions that I never thought to ask our wonderfully skilled press brake operator. And I now have an even higher respect for his work.
Wow! At my HVAC dealership, I owned an 8' brake, stomp sheer, lockformer, and several other pieces of sheet metal equipment. Over 30 years, we made thousands of plenums, transitions, register boxes, and the like from 18 gauge galvanized sheet. I knew that there had to be more to it than bend on the dots. (We used awls to mark the ends of the material to bend). The tolerances for the things we made were not critical enough to cause problems without knowing about the bend allowance and neutral axis that you explained so well in this video. But I always wondered. This video is worth a second (or a third) viewing.
A lot of these videos you make are of thing I taught myself through a little spacial perception, and the usual amount of trial and error. Your videos are telling me what I've been doing, without knowing it. And the little unlearned mistakes I've been making, like not taking into account bend radii. Thanks for tying up my loose ends.
That was great Tony. I must say I learned several things I will soon forget unfortunately 👍. You really do work hard on your videos and it shows. Thanks for sharing
Unfortunately you have summed this up in a nutshell it's a damn shame but I didn't get stupid overnight it took a long time and now it's like feeding information into a stone
I’m not sure what I like more the wealth of knowledge I get from your videos or the best entertainment and humor I’ve seen so far from any worthwhile TH-cam channel. Thanks a metric ton!
@@shigatsuningen A relevant comment could of course be made about your use of a comma for the decimal point instead of a period which resembles, you know, an actual point.
At what university are there engineering students lucky enough to have a professor with such a clever sense of humor to make things so fun and interesting to learn sir? I love your videos. You always keep me laughing (and learning)
> Casually makes abstract art. > Regularly makes new video editing tricks > Literally has magic at his disposal. > Has a playroom filled with the best toys. Must be This Old Tony.
I'm a mechanic 👨🔧, i work whit my brother, we repair cars, motorcycles, lawn movers, chainsaws, snow mashines. We do welding as well in our dads workshop. I've been watching your videos for 3 years, I enjoy watching your videos 👍. Keep Up The good work 👍🔧🛠️🔩⚙️👨🏭. Greetings from Slovenia 🇸🇮. :-)
A Q&D way (and really very accurate) is to measure a piece of scrap, bend it 90, measure the two flanges, and figure the difference between the flat and the result. That will give you the exact bend allowance for the tooling and setup you're using for a 90. Repeat for other angles.
When I started watching this video, I thought he’s not taking into consideration everything needed to bend the part correctly. After watching the complete video, you did an excellent job presenting the process of bending sheet metal. Inside radius, bend allowance, neutral axis, k-factor setback and bend deduction. Even the bottom die opening will change the inside radius. Thanks for sharing.
Great video!!! I'm a machinist by trade and over the years I've bent things. I always knew there was a formula to be able to obtain the dimensions that are required for the finished bent part but the things I bent were not critical enough to worry about it. Kind of like the cell phone stand you made during this tutorial.
I love your humor and how you incorporate movie references. Your channel is so under recognized! Thank you for all the effort and information that’s put into the video’s.
Every night before bed and every morning before coffee I check for a new video from This Old Tony. Yesterday night I was too drunk to understand what was going on, but today my hangover was cured through the subtle art of dad jokes and metal bending theory.
Nicely done. I do precision sheet metal using Solidworks for a living. This is probably the best explanation I've ever seen. If I can toss in $.02, if you use the K factor of .4 for steel and aluminum you'll be pretty close. K factor will always be less than .5 and normally more than .3. Most shops don't do it that way, they a limited by the bend radii their tooling can produce. Therefore for maximum accuracy they have done a lot of test bends. Measure a sample, bend it 90 with the tooling they have, measure the 2 legs, add them, and record the amount of stretch. Every precision sheet metal shop has a table of those numbers for every thickness and type of material to produce the sharpest bend possible. Most designs assume that kind of bend but if a larger radius or angle other than 90 is specified, we had to do the math. Now software does the heavy math lifting but even then it needs to be set up to match what the shop's tooling can produce. Impressive precision is possible even over multiple bends. There's an art to bending sheet metal that accurately and many tricks to the trade. If you're at all interested in this as a trade, there is a serious shortage of people that can do it and it pays well.
Thanks for the refresher, even though I may never get around to bending anything accurately. My first year after college was with "Boeings" as the Brits called it, but that's another subject. For the most part, every new employee went through a two-week introduction to the company and a few insights into how they did things, one of which was bending aluminum sheet to achieve the desired result. Needless to say, regardless of what's being bent, mother nature always has surprises waiting to snag the unwary. Again, thanks. I enjoyed it.
I ran a 80 ton CNC Amanda press brake for years. Forget all the mumbo jumbo and cut a 2” long piece, bend it and then measure both sides then add them together. Subtract the original 2” long piece from that value. BOOM, ya got your bend allowance. Or just figure on half the material thickness to start with. This works great considering the various types of punches and die combinations. Great video. Thanks!!
I am over my drug addiction... unfortunately, I have traded one habit for another... I am binge watching all of your videos!! Great stuff and your puns are spot on!
I asked Bender Bending Rodríguez for his take on this video as we watched it together. We laughed, we cried and then we binge watched the rest of your videos!
I loved this video. As a commercial electrician, 90% of my job is bending 3/4" and 1" conduit for pipe racks to run wire through. There's a lot more to bending metal than meets the eye. Taking up for lost material and how long the bends need to be, plus offsets and kicks and finding where to mark your material can be tricky stuff. The most tricky is making sure your material is lined up so you don't get those pesky dogs.
HAH! 🤣 It finally clicked what Bixby is, man do i feel dumb! And the ongoing LG/Samsung jokes ... Right over my freaking head, just the most slightly annoying sense of "this seems familiar and wrong, but what am I missing?" Oh for tubalcain's sake. 😜🤣🤣🤣🤣
I've never had fun with a hardware guide, let alone this well made. The fact that you are talking calmly instead if yelling and gesturing for attention is a super plus. I subbed even though I doubt I'll follow the channel
Yes you MUST thing too!! And before bending, you'll have to do it more than once! I know it's hard, 'cause I got the same problem! So you're not alone in the Universe!! Big hughs!! (Not to you, its to your 4 leged white fella, there!!)
I mean... the amount of effort you must put into these videos... You actually took the time to edit the audio clip from 2001 Space Odyssey from "I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't let you do that" to "I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that" for a 4 second joke.
Thanks to your channel and AvE's i managed to fix my car yesterday. The alternator pulley and the coresponding shaft got chowdered right to fbits. And because it was late and the fix would most likely be more expensive than the entire car we fired up an 50 year old clapped out lathe which purpose was creating mining cart axels, and milled out the pulley and made a fitting insert, that was way too fine to make on this old lady of a lathe. But in the end we succeeded. Btw I have very little in common with machining. Now I need a lathe in my life and start learning more about machining.
Now this is what I needed and I didn't even know it until I found this! :) I have this project of laser-cut shapes of 0.5 mm steel sheet to be bent into boxes with one side open (and some additional features) which got paused due to lack of knowledge about bending radius, expansion and compression. I only have a bit of experience with 2 mm thick aluminium. I've googled, asked CAD-using friends but it wasn't it. This video made it all clear to me. Thanks, This Old Tony! :)
One of the most brilliant tutorials I have ever seen! Thank you very much for your effort, going through all the trouble compiling this "lesson". (and I can't get over that subtle humor.......) Cheers from Outback Australia, Rolf
@JonM : Hmmm. Rolls Royce Pegasus / Harrier Jump jets (progressing to the LiftSystem as used on the US F35B Lightning II, the only vertical lift system for supersonic fighters in production? Or their XWB engines in the Aerobus? RR are also front runners to provide engines for Boeing 797.... OK, that's a revealingly thin defence of the Poms, but lets face it, the US is also slipping from relevance as the industrial focus increasingly collapse towards propping up the military complex, and research and development is increasingly restricted to applied science (a glorious present, but no future). Witness CERN, and climate science ... And isolationism will probably only accelerate that decline for both nations (Brexit, Trumpism)
I used to work at this place doing rebar angles and such and when I started whoa boy did I mess up a few sets of them we would do sets of angles on different size rebar cut and bend to specified sizes for different things and when I was being tought how to use the bender machine I would carry my little note book with all my important notes and radius info for set angles and cuts ..man that was an interesting job I must say..so when I saw this tittle I was automatically interested ..great video by the way keep up the awesome work
Funny I’m catching up on Old Tony vids because I just found these and can’t stop watching them... but to my point earlier today I was sitting at my desk contemplating about how to make a cell phone holder so I can get my phone at the right angle to see the screen without over head light reflection issues and without it at an almost 90 degree stance were only my mouse can watch what is going on. And then I find this! So I’m off to the warehouse to find some cardboard and packing tape to make one since I don’t even have so much as a coke can around here to bend into a holder. Thanks for the inspiration Tony. I’ll see if it can calculate the bend radius’s ... radieye... radious’s of the two ply cardboard. Wish me luck.
A couple of questions please. Can you show us application of the bend radius by completing the cell phone holder correctly and to spec's? And, what is the measuring device called you were using that had the vernier scale of the other side, and who makes them? Thank!
Greetings from South Africa! I happened upon your channel several days ago and you’ve got me hooked! I’m a qualified tool and die maker and have been molesting steel for 16 years professionally and double that for fun. Your attitude and viewpoints are refreshing and I had to subscribe. Have a good one and I’m looking forward to your next video.
I'm so glad you showed that Stop Rule and the source. I bought the 8" one immediately and I just love it. SO handy for marking projects. I've learned lots of little tidbits from your videos, but this one's my favorite so far. Thanks!
When I was in college we had a lesson on bending and had a formula and everything. Later that year we had a guy from Pratt and Whitney come in and he saw that and went, "Thats not right." He write down a 15 part formula to get the bend to be absolutely perfect. It's crazy how deep it gets.
I work doing drafting for aerospace sheet metal. Honestly, if something's tighter tolerance than porm .010 inches we don't calculate the x-values using just math, we just do a couple test bends and measure the effective value. It's more accurate anyways because you will get slightly different k-factors on different brake machines or different dies. Not saying that there's not math to do it, but at a certain level of complication it's just more efficient to test it.
Yes it is a very good explanation Old Tony. I dealt with this year‘s ago working at a job shop that did chassis panels for Hewlett-Packard in Tektroniv and companies like that. Somewhere I still have the documentation and the HP program I wrote used to compute bend allowxnces and been deductions. I’ll have to dig it out and post one of these days.
Man your humor is exactly like mine. I'm pretty sure I'd have a blast hanging out and building stuff with you. You having a good time is at best a possibility no matter what your teaching us I'll be watching!
Actually exactly what I was looking for! And from my favorite TH-camr, and only released an hour ago. Were you listening all those times when I responded to the "How's it going?" Shit. Did you hear what I said about the wife too?
Great vid as usual. Went through loads of comments but didn't come across a mention of the Sight Line. This is where the clamp uses a preformed radius, so the start of the bend is hidden from view, hence you mark the material at a (calculated) point where you can align the material against the edge of the radii former when looking from above. Also, It's quite common practice to create a radius on a sharp former edge by bending a sheet of suitable material then using that as an integral part of the former when clamping/aligning. The outside of the fold being the desired radii. Your vids are a trip down memory lane, to my apprenticeship some 45 years ago. Boring bit; my first "workshop piece" started with a hot rolled lump of steel square section, a hammer, a blunt soft cold chisel, a square, steel rule and bastard to smooth file, some "Engineer's Blue" and a surface plate, finishing with a 1" x 1" x 1" cube tolerance +/- 0.003". One of the memorable lessons was that a Rabone & Chesterman rule is accurate at the enscribed temperature and that each line is exactly 0.003" wide. Also, we were taught to keep the file in contact with the surface in all directions for better control/accuracy, finishing by "draw filing" for finish and accuracy. By the way, my cube was in tolerance in all directions, angles and flatness. It went in the scrap metal container along with everyone else's. Keep up the good work.
This was my first ever “this old tony” video, who knew it would spiral into a horrible addiction😔
Cosmic Fool accurate
And you proberbly dont own any machining equipment like the rest of us
Nothing like a video on bending to make you take a wrong turn, especially a TOT one.
I started on the square hole video and have never understood addiction but i fear the day i run out of videos
@@flemmings5534 I’m two days in to my addiction, hopefully there’s enough videos to get me through Christmas
I have been doing aircraft sheet metal and structural repair for almost 20 years. This has got to be one of the best and perfectly simplified explanations of bend allowances and set back I have ever seen.... Big thumbs up.
I don't weld, I don't bend metal, I don't do any of the type of projects that This Old Tony does...and I love every video he does. I giggle, I laugh, I learn. He gets me.
yessssssssss me tooooooo, i do nothing old tony does but i watch for entertainment value, machining does interest me tho, the humour, and video editing and "engineering" are tops, the cats pajamas, the bees
knees, the giraffes elbows, the eagles eye, the kiwis beak, (i guarantee* i didnt make any of these up)
*this is not a guarantee
@@mattymcsplatty5440 YMMV; Kiwis not available outside New Zealand.
I couldn't have said it better myself. I only dream of having half the talent or half the tools that Tony has. The videos keep me coming back because I learn so much and laugh in the process. Brilliant work.
This Old Tony: I come back to this video every once in a while when I’m feeling down. It’s so exceptionally well presented and diagrammed, it makes me want to weep. Wonderful stuff.
Just commented something like this on another video of his 😳😍
There´s no subtle way of saying what I have to say, so I´ll just come out and say it. No beating around the bush, just get it out there, straight as an arrow. I´m not one for stalling, I´m a man you see and I just talk straight out of the bag and BOOM, to the point. Some people just seem never to get to the point of the matter, and keep jabbering on about this and that while never getting to the core of the issue. So, the thing is this, and I´ve given this a great amount of thought , I´m one of those thinkers you know, straight out of the bag, to the point, after a reasonable amount of time spent thinking it over, as to get the facts straight. Ever since the Boring head, and figuring out the squareness of things, and even well before that with your taper attachment and straight edge (with straight being an ironic keyword) i´ve been thinking, and you know me, never dragging my feet, always getting to the punch as quickly as possible. -Well, This Old Tony, here goes.. I think i love you.
well shucks! *blushes*
The symbol on the key you seek is ', not ´. ' is an apostrophe. ´ is an acute accent.
I cried a little. Thanks.
Geez ! as straight to the point as a banana bender ...
Danni Houmøller shut up? Why certainly. Some people never know when to be quiet. When I'm told to shut up, I shut up!
TOT: "I mean I cant build NASA level stuff here"
Project Egress: " . . . . . Do you wanna????"
i mean to do that he'd need a hundred of shop employees inspectors and office/ admin people and that phone stand protoype would cost millions of dollars and then there would be a meeting to discuss its possible military applications haha
@thelaughingman79 TOT actually DID build a NASA level piece which is on display at the Smithsonian as "Project Egress" with Adam Savage as the promoter to the project.
Check it out, LOTS of super cool projects went into it and it showcased some amazing talent for an art installation to commemorate Apollo..
@@timjordan2184 my point was that noone can do less with more like a giant bureaucracy.
the production value of this video is priceless.
Which is probably about what he paid for it.
Seriously. I guess people that pump out as many vids as possible don't have that luxury, or quality.
I’m a tin knocker for 24 years, hvac as well. Miles of flashing, rain gutters,(copper, galvanized, and stainless steel sheets), downspouts, sheetmetal round and rectangular ductwork under house crawl spaces, attic spaces, rooftops, furnace and AC installs. In that time I’ve typically used slitter, stomp sheer, box/pan break, and a standard 10 foot break. Pipe lock and Pittsburgh machine. Good to see some tin knocker content.
Thanks for the vids!!
This Old Tony is filmed in front of a live studio audience
jangoofy I thought it was filmed live in front of a recorded studio audience.
Definitely had a good 70s show vibe to it.
Where can I get tickets? ;D I'd go man!
Much better than a dead audience!
We'll be right back after these messages
I tend tubes all day for a living and in 5 minutes of watching you explain how to bend I have a better understanding of the concept than I have since I started that job 2 years ago. Tony you're the man!
this is the kind of stuff I don't know about, I just put some sheetmetal in a vice between two bits of wood and bash it with a hammer. Subbed
Mike240 Forager
For that... I subscribed.
Mike Forager I respect your use of the wood. I don’t even bother
@@caelfentress2681 I just use 2 pieces of aluminum so as to not gouge vise marks in my work piece
Bash it with a shifting hammer." Every tool is a hammer " Adam Savage
Hey! You *said* it'd just be addition, subtraction, multiplication and that sort of thing, but don't think you can just slip the intermediate value theorem past me at 18:25... we both know that's calculus!
With metal that is mostly incompressible, one could calculate this by the crosssectional area. The outer curve will be pulled inwards while surplus material from the inner curve pushes outwards, so the neutral axis might do all kind of weird things and wander within the material, but in the end the area of crossection represents the volume of material that has been moved but it will still be the same volume.
@@A.Lifecraft could one?
Back in my days as an electrician, in a galaxy far far away, we used bend setbacks all the time in bending EMT and "Rigid" conduits. It was not uncommon to see an electrician mark out all the bends in an entire 20' piece, then start at one end and make every bend in order all the way down the pipe before sticking it into place -- where it would fit precisely.
Maybe something like a 1/2" offset to go from a surface mount box to flush with the wall, poke through a deck, then a 90* bend, then maybe a 5" offset to go back up flush with the bottom of the deck, then a tiny 1/2" offset to go into the other surface mount box.
The "cheat" there is that the setbacks were usually marked on the bending head, and the good heads even had the factors by which a given offset would shorten the work -- for example, a 45* kick would be 1.4, so if you needed to offset 5" x 1.4, you could make two marks, 7" apart, make opposite 45* bends with the "back" of the bend at those marks, and you'd have a perfect 5" kick.
Yeah, math nuts, it should be 1.41424, so sue me. And, yeah, go over 360* total bends in a run and you'll have hell on a stick pulling wires. But so it goes -- make the kicks 30* then. You get the idea.
So to make a long post short, great video. Thanks for that.
As a woodworker getting into metalwork I am finding out more and more of what I do not know. This is the first of your videos I've watched but not the last because your combination of solid logic and science and math with very bad humor the information becomes ever so much more accessible. Nice job!
Does it require as much math? Woodworking?
The most important point Tony made was that drawings or sketches rarely if ever contain the information you need to bend tubing or sheet to size. You have to figure that out for your self.
Another point to stress is that for sheet material, especially aluminum, you have to take into account the direction in which the material was rolled at the mill. Avoid bends that are parallel to the way the material was rolled. You are much more likely to get cracks.
When you have to bend parallel to the direction of the rolling or extrusion marks, aluminum should be annealed before bending. The easy way to do that is to blacken the material with soot by just using acetylene from the torch. Heat the aluminum with the torch and the moment the soot burns away the aluminum is ready to bend.
This is true about the direction of the grain structures in aluminum, which is something I have to account for a lot. It's often I have to put parts on a 30-45 degree bias in order to fit them onto a sheet or to make it so that various bends all avoid being along the grain.
But, I've bent tons of full-hard 6061-T6 and as long as one sticks to a generous bend radius it should not be a problem with cracking.
The problem is almost all people are setup with equipment to do steel sheet which doesn't much care about the bend radius so when I say "I need to just throw a bend into some 6061-T6" they get incredulous or warn me that it will crack. But doing a lot of it, I just use a min 1/8" radius for anything from .016 up to .040 and Bob's yer Auntie. And to do that on equipment setup for knife-edge tin-knocker bends, get some strips of said tin sheet and bend those around the nose of your break to form a shoe. A few layers should do, and with a little tape it'll hold until you're done.
Of course it means you'll have to offset your clamps a good margin to accommodate for having a few layers of extra shim, and so that's more work to reset when all is done.
Scott, you're right about bending aluminum (and the most common 6061-T6). But for years I got drawings from MIT engineers who had a lot of book learn'in, but zero experience in actually having to make the stuff they designed. So, "generous bend radius"wasn't in their vocabulary.
In the shop I worked in for many years, we did a lot of peculiar work for Sandia and Los Alamos Nationial Labs and GE jet engine division. It was fun because they were willing to pay for doing it. We did a lot of fabrication that pushed the limits of what is usually done in the shop.
Good points, aceroadholder
A couple of further related points:
IF you don't have acetylene, another way to gauge the (crucial) temperature for hot-bending or straightening alu alloys is to smear the zone with hand soap and heat only until chocolate brown. A decent hot air gun will do the job on small work
And if you don't have a male V-punch with a big enough radius to prevent cracking when press-braking alu alloy, a quick and dirty approach is to grind or machine a flat on the end of the punch. Keep increasing the size of the flat until the cracking is eliminated.
This works by effectively substituting, for a single 90deg bend, two 45 deg bends so close together that they effectively blend and look like a single bend.
Or, since (nearly) everyone has access to the internet, just look up the minimum bend radius for whatever metal and thickness you wish to bend... I spent my career in aviation, and bent 6061-T6, 2024T-3, and 7075-T6 on a daily basis. Not sure about other industries, but the minimum bend radius given in aviation pubs, is good for any grain orientation of the metal.
with my .06" 3003 h14 aluminum, I've never worried about bend radius or grain direction. never had appreciable tearing.
(depends on alloy and thickness whether a 0 bend radius matters).
that needed clarification in this video, and in your comment as well.
I'm a mechanical engineer and I work designing lots of sheet metal parts. And though I understand how forming works and I can design parts that work well, walking through it from the very beginning is very interesting. Definitely learned a few things. Thank you!
What?
What?
@@JMcKaySV what?
@@ilikewaffles3689 if you're a mechanical engineer who designs sheet metal parts... why do you need walking through it from the beginning?
@@JMcKaySV not sure if you're an engineer, but modern CAD systems encapsulate the underlying theory of forming. If you want a 5" x 5" formed angle you just sketch out the formed version of it and don't have to worry about starting with a flat panel of X x Y size and you also don't have to worry about where exactly the bend line is.
Dude. How am I first learning about this channel?!?! Tony's humor is on point! My new old favorite channel!
Just to poke one more thing onto an exceptional video - the difference between the flat pattern length and the sum of the flange lengths to OML (Outside Mold Line, intersection of the planes of the flat outside of the material to either side of the bend) can be referred to as "X-Value". This is effectively the difference between the Bend Allowance and the sum of the Set Backs.
The X-Value is very useful when going from a drawing like shown at the end of the video to a Flat Pattern drawing because you can just overlap your distance from the edge of the flange to the bend apex by the X-Value and you've got your FP length.
Again, awesome video - I work drafting aerospace sheet metal parts for manufacture and I found zero fault with it, just wanted to contribute.
Best opening ever.
whole heartedly agree
Very interesting I always do the trial and error method. I worked at a rail car company where we rebuilt wrecked rail cars. We had a humongous press brake that would bend up to 2" thick steel at least 10' long actually I think it could bend a lot longer but it wasn't what I did. All I know is that we all had much respect for the main operator. He was a mountain of a man and the parts he made for us always fit. He would come to the car and we would help him get his measurements these parts weighed several tons. I worked on the open gondola cars that carry coils of steel. They have 1.50 to 2" side's bent like a j and an even heavier sub frame or in the industry it's called a center seal? Watching this video raised a lot of questions that I never thought to ask our wonderfully skilled press brake operator. And I now have an even higher respect for his work.
Wow! At my HVAC dealership, I owned an 8' brake, stomp sheer, lockformer, and several other pieces of sheet metal equipment. Over 30 years, we made thousands of plenums, transitions, register boxes, and the like from 18 gauge galvanized sheet. I knew that there had to be more to it than bend on the dots. (We used awls to mark the ends of the material to bend). The tolerances for the things we made were not critical enough to cause problems without knowing about the bend allowance and neutral axis that you explained so well in this video. But I always wondered. This video is worth a second (or a third) viewing.
DFWKen nice. Yeah it’s one I keep coming back to
A lot of these videos you make are of thing I taught myself through a little spacial perception, and the usual amount of trial and error. Your videos are telling me what I've been doing, without knowing it. And the little unlearned mistakes I've been making, like not taking into account bend radii.
Thanks for tying up my loose ends.
That was great Tony. I must say I learned several things I will soon forget unfortunately 👍. You really do work hard on your videos and it shows. Thanks for sharing
Unfortunately you have summed this up in a nutshell it's a damn shame but I didn't get stupid overnight it took a long time and now it's like feeding information into a stone
@@joewest1972 Dont worry boys. I'll remember! Just lemme quick.... ..... Fuck I'm 45 and I need to bend some shit fast!
I’m not sure what I like more the wealth of knowledge I get from your videos or the best entertainment and humor I’ve seen so far from any worthwhile TH-cam channel. Thanks a metric ton!
'metric, the system trusted by 15/16ths' lmao
it was good ))
Yeah and for the other 1/16th, it doesn't mean they are wrong, just perhaps less accurate :D
Less accurate? How so, exactly?
What is more precise 1/1000 of an inch or 1/1000 of a mm ? ;)
1/1000 of an inch is 2,54 / 100 of a mm.
@@shigatsuningen A relevant comment could of course be made about your use of a comma for the decimal point instead of a period which resembles, you know, an actual point.
At what university are there engineering students lucky enough to have a professor with such a clever sense of humor to make things so fun and interesting to learn sir?
I love your videos. You always keep me laughing (and learning)
I can't comprehend how these videos are always so good.
O. M. G. - so much forgotten 8th grade shop class just came flooding back!!! Thank you, again, for the awesomeness, clearly communicated!
> Casually makes abstract art.
> Regularly makes new video editing tricks
> Literally has magic at his disposal.
> Has a playroom filled with the best toys.
Must be This Old Tony.
I'm a mechanic 👨🔧, i work whit my brother, we repair cars, motorcycles, lawn movers, chainsaws, snow mashines. We do welding as well in our dads workshop. I've been watching your videos for 3 years, I enjoy watching your videos 👍. Keep Up The good work 👍🔧🛠️🔩⚙️👨🏭. Greetings from Slovenia 🇸🇮. :-)
My favorite 80’s show
I'm not even a mechanically inclined person I just enjoy your editing and comedic timing
A Q&D way (and really very accurate) is to measure a piece of scrap, bend it 90, measure the two flanges, and figure the difference between the flat and the result. That will give you the exact bend allowance for the tooling and setup you're using for a 90. Repeat for other angles.
You, I like you. Humour, personality, workshops skills, educational, decent audio, video editing - what's not to like. Thank you TOT.
This Old Tony, PLEASE put that 'modern art' on ebay for us all to bid on!
I mean, he showed how to make it and its simple as hell. In fact it gave me a christmas gift idea lol.
Brandon true, BUT IS IT ONE MADE WITH THE BLOOD, SWEAT AND TEARS OF THIS OLD TONY??
When I started watching this video, I thought he’s not taking into consideration everything needed to bend the part correctly. After watching the complete video, you did an excellent job presenting the process of bending sheet metal. Inside radius, bend allowance, neutral axis, k-factor setback and bend deduction. Even the bottom die opening will change the inside radius. Thanks for sharing.
Great video!!! I'm a machinist by trade and over the years I've bent things. I always knew there was a formula to be able to obtain the dimensions that are required for the finished bent part but the things I bent were not critical enough to worry about it. Kind of like the cell phone stand you made during this tutorial.
I love your humor and how you incorporate movie references. Your channel is so under recognized! Thank you for all the effort and information that’s put into the video’s.
Every night before bed and every morning before coffee I check for a new video from This Old Tony. Yesterday night I was too drunk to understand what was going on, but today my hangover was cured through the subtle art of dad jokes and metal bending theory.
SEEMS LIKE I MUST BE DRUNK EVERY TIME I WATCH ONE OF HIS VIDEOS AND I DONT EVEN DRINK
Nicely done. I do precision sheet metal using Solidworks for a living. This is probably the best explanation I've ever seen. If I can toss in $.02, if you use the K factor of .4 for steel and aluminum you'll be pretty close. K factor will always be less than .5 and normally more than .3. Most shops don't do it that way, they a limited by the bend radii their tooling can produce. Therefore for maximum accuracy they have done a lot of test bends. Measure a sample, bend it 90 with the tooling they have, measure the 2 legs, add them, and record the amount of stretch. Every precision sheet metal shop has a table of those numbers for every thickness and type of material to produce the sharpest bend possible. Most designs assume that kind of bend but if a larger radius or angle other than 90 is specified, we had to do the math. Now software does the heavy math lifting but even then it needs to be set up to match what the shop's tooling can produce. Impressive precision is possible even over multiple bends. There's an art to bending sheet metal that accurately and many tricks to the trade. If you're at all interested in this as a trade, there is a serious shortage of people that can do it and it pays well.
8:59 Best video tangent EVER!!!
I came back here several months later just for that.
Also just beforehand he says using this tool is 'usually not very pretty' 😆
Thanks for the refresher, even though I may never get around to bending anything accurately.
My first year after college was with "Boeings" as the Brits called it, but that's another subject.
For the most part, every new employee went through a two-week introduction to the company and a few insights into how they did things, one of which was bending aluminum sheet to achieve the desired result. Needless to say, regardless of what's being bent, mother nature always has surprises waiting to snag the unwary.
Again, thanks. I enjoyed it.
"sheet metal" would actually spell "mathletees" but we can bend the rules a bit this time. see what I did there.
I was going to go with matheletes
I usually go with #@$&&_$@**%!!!
Mathletes often don’t have the greatest spelling skills
@@sajinkahnalt Most mathletes I've met are nerdy enough to have pretty damn good spelling skills. Math-leet-es, on the other hand...
I'm not a machine shop guy. I don't build anything like that. But your videos are great entertainment for me. I learn stuff I won't use with joy.
You're videos are amazing. Thank you for making your videos so informative and entertaining! Thank you for explaining and teaching.
I ran a 80 ton CNC Amanda press brake for years. Forget all the mumbo jumbo and cut a 2” long piece, bend it and then measure both sides then add them together. Subtract the original 2” long piece from that value. BOOM, ya got your bend allowance. Or just figure on half the material thickness to start with. This works great considering the various types of punches and die combinations. Great video. Thanks!!
There's very few people who make part quality part information part comedy tutorials that actually are good keep it up
I am over my drug addiction... unfortunately, I have traded one habit for another... I am binge watching all of your videos!! Great stuff and your puns are spot on!
So for one-offs it's probably much easier to just go for cutting, welding, and grinding, right?
I asked Bender Bending Rodríguez for his take on this video as we watched it together. We laughed, we cried and then we binge watched the rest of your videos!
This Old Tony at his best.... Bending is now as clear as mud
I loved this video. As a commercial electrician, 90% of my job is bending 3/4" and 1" conduit for pipe racks to run wire through. There's a lot more to bending metal than meets the eye. Taking up for lost material and how long the bends need to be, plus offsets and kicks and finding where to mark your material can be tricky stuff. The most tricky is making sure your material is lined up so you don't get those pesky dogs.
The Bixby part literally triggered my phones Bixby and it was like wtf
HAH! 🤣 It finally clicked what Bixby is, man do i feel dumb! And the ongoing LG/Samsung jokes ... Right over my freaking head, just the most slightly annoying sense of "this seems familiar and wrong, but what am I missing?" Oh for tubalcain's sake. 😜🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@super_slo r/woosh
@@amithyedavalli7491 guilty 😄
I love that a video from 6 years ago is just a funny a well written and presented as one from last week
I'm so glad you finally got upgraded from 3rd rate TH-camr! You absolutely deserve the 2nd rate accolades! Great job.
9:00 you are _definitely_ not 'second rate'. You're one of the highest quality content producers on the platform.
"*This Old Tony* just released a new video!" - ~drops everything~
What I like about your videos is that I can learn new ideas, information, and have a good chuckle or four!
Why is this quality content not more popular?
James Mitchell Two hard for casuals to understand. Or people are impatient and dont care for detail
Hundred thousand views in three days; that ain't bad in my book.
Michael Cantrell ah yes, but the question wasn’t “is this popular?” It was “why isn’t it MORE popular?”
Memories of the late Brass Bull, the dreaded hat section, and setback/bend allowance many moons ago in metallic structures class. Loved the video!
This is total entertainment, your gift is sublime.
I've never had fun with a hardware guide, let alone this well made. The fact that you are talking calmly instead if yelling and gesturing for attention is a super plus. I subbed even though I doubt I'll follow the channel
ERRRR!!!....I am suppose to THINK before I bend?? Great video😍
Yes you MUST thing too!! And before bending, you'll have to do it more than once! I know it's hard, 'cause I got the same problem! So you're not alone in the Universe!! Big hughs!! (Not to you, its to your 4 leged white fella, there!!)
Cogito ergo bendo !!!
@Arska bend it long and mill it back into tolerances
This explains so much concerning Futuramas Bender...
The dry humor still catches me off guard. Love the work you put in man.
Every video you make is a masterpiece!
I love the fact you go in depth and show the attention to detail to get precision work. Great videos!
This is the most incredible channel on TH-cam. You're entertaining, talented and you are great at teaching.
I mean... the amount of effort you must put into these videos...
You actually took the time to edit the audio clip from 2001 Space Odyssey from "I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't let you do that" to "I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that" for a 4 second joke.
Thanks to your channel and AvE's i managed to fix my car yesterday. The alternator pulley and the coresponding shaft got chowdered right to fbits. And because it was late and the fix would most likely be more expensive than the entire car we fired up an 50 year old clapped out lathe which purpose was creating mining cart axels, and milled out the pulley and made a fitting insert, that was way too fine to make on this old lady of a lathe. But in the end we succeeded. Btw I have very little in common with machining. Now I need a lathe in my life and start learning more about machining.
Nice tips, and +1 on the six million dollar man sound effects.
Now this is what I needed and I didn't even know it until I found this! :) I have this project of laser-cut shapes of 0.5 mm steel sheet to be bent into boxes with one side open (and some additional features) which got paused due to lack of knowledge about bending radius, expansion and compression. I only have a bit of experience with 2 mm thick aluminium. I've googled, asked CAD-using friends but it wasn't it. This video made it all clear to me. Thanks, This Old Tony! :)
I decided I will illegally download all your videos so I can rebuild anything after an apocalypse.
You should download all of Primitive Technology's videos too, just in case.
He just started a new area from a scratch!! :D
I don't think he'll survive if the world is so bad that all technology is wiped out world wide, we are but soft fleshy mammals
Thanks for the correction. I would not want to re-start the civilization with bad grammar.
Me Now His use of "an" is correct.
Same principle for bending tube. We call it gain. I miss your regular videos, you're quite the creator. Cheers 🤙
1:30 If this had been a German import car, we could have clucked our tongues and said "Well, that's the way the Mercedes Benz."
It took more to force that joke than it did to bend the 2" block of steel.
Hahaaaaaaaaaaaaeeeeeeeeee... I’m disappointed in you and myself
Damn, I feel bad for laughing at this 🤣
Tony, I love your channel. Your skill, practical knowledge, and great sense of humor are wonderful.
As always, informative AND entertaining.
One of the most brilliant tutorials I have ever seen! Thank you very much for your effort, going through all the trouble compiling this "lesson". (and I can't get over that subtle humor.......)
Cheers from Outback Australia, Rolf
It's to bad that school teachers do not posses your ability to make learning fun. I had a blast and learned a lot about bending.
How have I not discovered this guy before? Funniest TH-cam maker I've ever heard.
In England, they call the machine a sheet metal brake. "Bender" means something _totally_ different.
nobody has been called a bender here in centuries, I'm sure we'll manage to understand :D
maxcohen13 And England has not been relevant in engineering and manufacturing in a long time either, go figure!
Bite my shiny metal ass, as Bender would say.
Jon M - You know where to kick a guy dont ya!
@JonM : Hmmm. Rolls Royce Pegasus / Harrier Jump jets (progressing to the LiftSystem as used on the US F35B Lightning II, the only vertical lift system for supersonic fighters in production?
Or their XWB engines in the Aerobus? RR are also front runners to provide engines for Boeing 797....
OK, that's a revealingly thin defence of the Poms, but lets face it, the US is also slipping from relevance as the industrial focus increasingly collapse towards propping up the military complex, and research and development is increasingly restricted to applied science (a glorious present, but no future).
Witness CERN, and climate science ...
And isolationism will probably only accelerate that decline for both nations (Brexit, Trumpism)
I used to work at this place doing rebar angles and such and when I started whoa boy did I mess up a few sets of them we would do sets of angles on different size rebar cut and bend to specified sizes for different things and when I was being tought how to use the bender machine I would carry my little note book with all my important notes and radius info for set angles and cuts ..man that was an interesting job I must say..so when I saw this tittle I was automatically interested ..great video by the way keep up the awesome work
You are my favorite channel. Would be a dream to collaborate with you... if we had similar topics...
Yea, come to think of it, the two of you do have a sort of similar sense of humor.
There is hope, I'm sure you saw he did a collab with Alex French Guy Cooking!
Funny I’m catching up on Old Tony vids because I just found these and can’t stop watching them... but to my point earlier today I was sitting at my desk contemplating about how to make a cell phone holder so I can get my phone at the right angle to see the screen without over head light reflection issues and without it at an almost 90 degree stance were only my mouse can watch what is going on. And then I find this! So I’m off to the warehouse to find some cardboard and packing tape to make one since I don’t even have so much as a coke can around here to bend into a holder. Thanks for the inspiration Tony. I’ll see if it can calculate the bend radius’s ... radieye... radious’s of the two ply cardboard. Wish me luck.
A couple of questions please. Can you show us application of the bend radius by completing the cell phone holder correctly and to spec's? And, what is the measuring device called you were using that had the vernier scale of the other side, and who makes them? Thank!
I think I "need" one of the measuring devices, what is it called and where can it be bought?
Greetings from South Africa! I happened upon your channel several days ago and you’ve got me hooked! I’m a qualified tool and die maker and have been molesting steel for 16 years professionally and double that for fun. Your attitude and viewpoints are refreshing and I had to subscribe. Have a good one and I’m looking forward to your next video.
At least there is a little bit of comedy left in the world
Ahh, I have totally forgotten that this gem of a channel exists
Wow I feel so guilty for dimensioning from edge to edge
I'm so glad you showed that Stop Rule and the source. I bought the 8" one immediately and I just love it. SO handy for marking projects. I've learned lots of little tidbits from your videos, but this one's my favorite so far. Thanks!
"Second rate TH-camr", getting a bit big for our britches, are we?
Just kidding, love your videos Tony, don't ever stop.
Just started watching your videos last week and I can’t stop! You make the best videos on TH-cam. So detail, funny and entertaining.
When I was in college we had a lesson on bending and had a formula and everything. Later that year we had a guy from Pratt and Whitney come in and he saw that and went, "Thats not right." He write down a 15 part formula to get the bend to be absolutely perfect. It's crazy how deep it gets.
I work doing drafting for aerospace sheet metal. Honestly, if something's tighter tolerance than porm .010 inches we don't calculate the x-values using just math, we just do a couple test bends and measure the effective value. It's more accurate anyways because you will get slightly different k-factors on different brake machines or different dies.
Not saying that there's not math to do it, but at a certain level of complication it's just more efficient to test it.
I'm pretty sure I've seen this channel before, but now that I have kids I find the puns to be the best part of my morning. Subscribed!
Tony, do you have a Patreon? I'd contribute to it in a heartbeat!
I don't, but thanks Brian!
+1
just send him your first born, he deserve it.
Get one man. Your videos are amazing and you earn the full support from your viewers!
I wanted to support you on Patreon too, when re-setting up my pledges.
Yes it is a very good explanation Old Tony. I dealt with this year‘s ago working at a job shop that did chassis panels for Hewlett-Packard in Tektroniv and companies like that. Somewhere I still have the documentation and the HP program I wrote used to compute bend allowxnces and been deductions. I’ll have to dig it out and post one of these days.
Not all videos make it into our homeschool, but this one will. 😎
Here we are 5 years later and Im STILL using this to teach. In this case my youngest sons turn at learning (13 y/o) shop basics.
Thanks TOT's!
That mathletes joke made me blow food out my nose
Man your humor is exactly like mine. I'm pretty sure I'd have a blast hanging out and building stuff with you. You having a good time is at best a possibility no matter what your teaching us I'll be watching!
Actually exactly what I was looking for! And from my favorite TH-camr, and only released an hour ago. Were you listening all those times when I responded to the "How's it going?" Shit. Did you hear what I said about the wife too?
The all seeing eye hears all! ;)
JohnNewZealand Tony has stated not to attempt time travel in metric. Wise words.
Everyone heard what you said about your wife. *Everyone.*
Great vid as usual.
Went through loads of comments but didn't come across a mention of the Sight Line. This is where the clamp uses a preformed radius, so the start of the bend is hidden from view, hence you mark the material at a (calculated) point where you can align the material against the edge of the radii former when looking from above.
Also, It's quite common practice to create a radius on a sharp former edge by bending a sheet of suitable material then using that as an integral part of the former when clamping/aligning. The outside of the fold being the desired radii.
Your vids are a trip down memory lane, to my apprenticeship some 45 years ago.
Boring bit; my first "workshop piece" started with a hot rolled lump of steel square section, a hammer, a blunt soft cold chisel, a square, steel rule and bastard to smooth file, some "Engineer's Blue" and a surface plate, finishing with a 1" x 1" x 1" cube tolerance +/- 0.003". One of the memorable lessons was that a Rabone & Chesterman rule is accurate at the enscribed temperature and that each line is exactly 0.003" wide. Also, we were taught to keep the file in contact with the surface in all directions for better control/accuracy, finishing by "draw filing" for finish and accuracy. By the way, my cube was in tolerance in all directions, angles and flatness. It went in the scrap metal container along with everyone else's.
Keep up the good work.