Chemistry Tutorial on Chemical Reactions: How Plants Make Cellulose

This chemistry tutorial video on chemical reactions reviews how plants use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose, then string them together to make the polysaccharide, starch, which is ideal as an energy store for both plants and animals.
It then shows how plants can use glucose to make a similar, but significantly different, polysaccharide called cellulose, which has very different properties to starch.
These properties are examined, and appreciated for their various uses, both in nature and for humans.
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About Atomic School:
Atomic School supports the teaching of Atomic Theory to primary school & science students .
We provide lesson plans, hands-on classroom resources, demonstration equipment, quizzes and a Teacher's Manual to primary school teachers. Animated videos that clearly explain the scientific ideas supports learning by both teachers and students. As a teacher, you don't have to look anywhere else to implement this program.
Our work has been verified by science education researchers at the University of Southern Queensland, Dr Jenny Donovan and Dr Carole Haeusler, who confirm that primary students are capable of learning much more complex scientific concepts than previously thought, and crucially, that they love it. Students run to class!
The program has been trialed in Australian schools as well as schools in the Philippines, Iran and India. It is conducted as holiday workshops at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, the Queensland Museum as well as the World Science Festival.
It has attracted wide media interest, including TV, radio and print, and the research data has been presented at prestigious American Education Research Association and Australian Science Education Research Association conferences.
Atomic Theory underlies all the other sciences- genetics, electronics, nanotechnology, engineering and astronomy- so an early understanding will set them up for a more successful learning sequence for all their science subjects, and support their mastery of mathematics as well. We also have extension programs that cover Biology, Physics and Astronomy to an equal depth.
About Ian Stuart (Email: [e-mail]):
The founder of Atomic School, Ian Stuart, taught Chemistry and Physics for 25 years at senior levels before he realized that his 8-year old son, Tom, could understand Atomic Theory at a much deeper level than he expected. After visiting Tom's class at school, he discovered that his peers could also grasp the abstract scientific concepts, as well as apply it usefully to the real world.
Ian then developed a program to teach the advanced concepts of high school Chemistry, Physics and Biology to students 10 years younger than they normally would. He found that this engaged their interest in modern science early, and sustained it through to high school and beyond. It also sets them up for future success in their academic and career paths.
Ian has a Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry from the University of Queensland and a Master's degree in Electrochemistry from the University of Melbourne.
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Video transcript:
From earlier videos, we saw how plants can take carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil, and using sunlight, 101.2 rebuild them into high-energy glucose molecules ...(pause) and oxygen molecules which are released into the air. 105.1 This process is called Photosynthesis.
Inside the plant, enzymes can then extract a water molecule from two of these monosaccharide glucose molecules, and join them together to form a disaccharide, maltose. This water extraction is called Condensation.When the condensation is repeated many times, thousands of glucose molecules can join together to form a long polysaccharide molecule of starch.
Because glucose is a high-energy molecule, starch's long chains act as an energy store for the plant, and for us. When eaten, enzymes in our body can insert water molecules back into the places where they were originally extracted. 110. This water reinsertion is called Hydrolysis. Hydrolysis steadily releases glucose molecules which are carried by our blood stream to our cells and reacted with oxygen breathed in from the air, to release the energy that we need to walk, talk and think. You can think of starch as a kind of energy bank account from which your body makes progressive little glucose withdrawals over time. This burning of glucose in our cells is called Respiration. Plants' ability to make glucose molecules, then string them together into these long chains of mini-food snacks, is remarkable. But plants have another trick up their sleeve.
Can you spot the carbon atoms outside the cyclic rings?

[@sarafayez]

Another really awesome video when connecting topic with real life.

[@AtomicSchool]

Thanks again, Sara

[@Customfurball28]

That was really good. Glad my science teacher used this video!

[@AtomicSchool]

That's great to hear :)

[@mnantawan3988]

Thank you. I love watching it and my 10-year old son can understand it easily.

[@whoknowsknight9628]

These series are very well done. The length and pace of the video are perfect :)

[@AtomicSchool]

Thank you.

[@ronseidel4249]

Great teacher. You make the Subject "Chemistry" most interesting and easy to follow for Baby Boomers.
Most enjoyable subject to study.

[@AtomicSchool]

Thanks Ron. Perhaps that's because I'm a Baby Boomer too :)

[@ronseidel4249]

@@AtomicSchool Great. Then perhaps two great minds think alike.
That is, work hard but save harder.
I am a self funded retiree and retirement had come very quickly.
.

[@liamreekie3897]

Hey Ian Stuart,Thanks a lot for the effort you've put in, helped me move so far in life.

[@AtomicSchool]

Wow. Nice feedback. Thanks.

[@shakibasamsami]

Wow!! thanks a bunch! very informative. I learned a lot

[@IANSTUART-j3c]

Thank you!

[@thewolfgirlliberation]

Wonderful. Keep up these well made and we'll explained videos

[@AtomicSchool]

Thank you Jacob.

[@danielchen9841]

Ian u are grate person i love watching all u video please continue fasinating the all world.

[@aurelijalukociene383]

Nice video.Good work.

[@r302112]

Great video. More of these please!! You may have already done lipids but if not then that would be awesome. Amino acids carboxyl groups etc. :)

[@AtomicSchool]

Thanks. I will get around to these molecules later.

[@y.r.912]

Could you tell me how this video is made, is there any special software? It would really help me out.

[@AtomicSchool]

I use Camtasia. I recommend it. Hope this helps.

[@Yellowsurpreme]

Hello Ian its been a long time coming nice vid

[@AtomicSchool]

Nice to hear from you again Yellow Surpreme.

[@karolin2187]

Amazing Video. Awesome

[@AtomicSchool]

Thank you Karolin.

[@danielchen9841]

Ian please dont stop the music it help knowing where u stop while learning

[@giantusss]

Other - if not better - source of energy for human beeings - are fats, and exactly ketones made from fat. Not only glucose is energy media for human bodies.

[@AtomicSchool]

True

[@direkpunto6647]

ไทย

[@trafalgar22a8]

040723 This gets better and better

[@AtomicSchool]

Thanks for your great feedback!!!

[@bhaaratsingh9088]

Nice video.Good work.

[@AtomicSchool]

Thanks Bhaarat.