Thank god, thought I was going to have to wait a year to hear part 2. If only all lecturers and teachers were like this - people would actually enjoy education and learn something. Thanks, great lecture as always!
hi Austin school, are there any books that you would recommend reading that actually tell you the history in truth regarding aztecs and not the hollywood version. and plz keep the videos coming, very informative and eye opening not the usual mumbo jumbo, thanks
A book Thats rather interesting and pertinente is Aztec by Gary Jennings... First look for reviews in YT about it, I think you'll love it. I as a Mexican happily living in CDMX can't recommend it Enough. Great lectures by this great professor; I've never thouth about the period way before the Mexica Build up my City (tenochtitlan, now CDMX), always interesting to hear a differenta and a rather constructive perspective.
Yes children enjoy story time this is not an education all he does is tell stories that is not an education in history I don't give a s*** what he thinks about things I want facts
@ShawnW-y7i awwww. Someone doesn't understand the context of certain sections. Now, since you're disputing him put your money where your mouth is. Where is he incorrect? Give us a few examples then dispute them with facts. Not whining. Then please show us your credentials. Because using others work to try and prove your point t doesn't get you very far.
I accidentally come across Professor Roy lectures and now my whole family is addicted. we listen him regularly on weekends, incredible knowledge and honesty with the facts
The part where Cortez went to see Guerrero was pure fiction of his own making, it never occurred, it was Aguilar who was sent by Cortez to go fetch Guerrero from the Maya
@@jaroslav-6027 This man is a fabulist, he mixes a few real facts with lots of fictitious stories that he invents as he goes along. Something really embarrassing for anyone who even remotely knows the story.
What else are you addicted to crack it sounds like that be a good drug for you and your family because you don't know when the truth is being told and when bulshit is being spun
This Prof is an embodiment of knowledge. His "keep it simple" style of presentation would have made the study of politics and history worth the while if many of us had him as a teacher during our undergraduate days
Wow! Your lectures are brilliant! Your delivery makes me feel like you genuinely want me to be able to connect the dots between the past and the present. They are packed with the most detailed; most extraordinary facts. Thank you for educating me, my family and my friends.
@@crispy0104Yes, many of his statements are totally fantastic as the "dialogues" from Columbus to Isabella , the History of Malinche and so on, Isabella forbid slavery on natives very soon ( apart from free many African and Canarian slaves in the peninsula) she was a very religious woman and had ( wrong or not )strong morals.
Dr. Casagranda I'm in love with your lectures. My brain is cooked bc I don't have an attention span anymore and I usually can't even watch a 10 minute video without getting bored but I can watch 4 straight hours of your lectures. Incredibly interesting and entertaining even though you barely use any images. I have learned so much about the world. My favorite thing is that you give so much context before starting every lecture, which is incredibly helpful. Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge for free ❤
Oh sooo much love you for Professor! You've helped me through Ramadan listening to your lectures. You're so funny, and witty - and your anti-Orientalist flavour to your analysis is refreshing and vital. Thank you and God bless you
Thank you Dr. for your great insight in this topic! I couldn’t put the phone down listening and watching your storytelling. I am a HS history teacher and I try to imitate the same type of storytelling skills that you have mastered when it comes to history! Thank you for your service in history and in education!
These Aztec lectures are entertaining but brimming with factual errors and personal points of view that are skillfully woven with historical facts for storytelling value. Having been born in Mexico City and a lifelong amateur student of this history I would grade Prof Casagranda with an A for entertainment and a C minus for historical accuracy. I would give them a D.
I agree with you regarding the adding of unnecessary spice to the story based on political slant. The true history is interesting all by its factual self.
Provide examples and sources please? It's hard to take a random youtuber commentor's word for it over that of an actual historian. I mean no disrespect, I'm interested!
No he's only spouting his agenda that's not a great history teacher that's his effort to brainwash you I've been to college and we never would have put up with his silly bulshit
@@OptimusPrinceps_Augustus i think this guy is trying to say that Cortez and Columbus were both narcissists and crazy lol whos knows if we can trust their letters and journals
For the love of god, don´t just swallow all these lies. Compare with a serious historian. There are great ones, like th-cam.com/users/M%C3%A9xicoAntesdeM%C3%A9xico or th-cam.com/video/2EzmeUqlcUU/w-d-xo.html
If I ever come to Austin I will make sure to attend one of your lectures, you are simply amazing at delivery, your style keep me engaged, thanks for your effort!
I encountered Dr. Casagrande's lectures and was profoundly impressed by their depth and insight. His expertise and nuanced analysis represent an exceptional standard within unbiased academic discourse. Drawing from my studies in history, particularly concerning figures such as Columbus and Cortez, I benefited significantly from the perspectives imparted by Dr. Casagrande's lectures. My maternal lineage, intertwined with native heritage, further enriched my understanding of the complex legacies of colonization. The devastating impact wrought by conquistadors like Cortez, Pizarro, de Almagro, and Valdivia upon the indigenous populations and cultures of the Americas remains a topic of incomprehensible magnitude. It behooves us, therefore, to confront and comprehend these historical realities with courage and humility, recognizing their implications for our collective past and the imperative of responsible stewardship for the benefit of future generations.
It's "Cortés". "The Americas" is an invention by the US, because America is the whole continent. A Cuban person is an American person. The "devastating impact" depends.I guess many Indigenous Populations were happy to help the Spanish migrants and embrace some of the benefits they brought with them. Just like Rome. Or not being sacrificed by the Mexica Empire. Anyways, have you ever learned or read or watched anything on this topic that's not coming from a US college / source / university? There's no more devastating impact that the one the Anglosaxon conquistadors had on the present-day non-existent indigenous culture. Any... Zunzunegui, Alfonso Borrego, Patricio Lons...? Or just Bernal Díaz del Castillo. A witness. No need to have someone summarize / simplify for you. th-cam.com/video/htV_xb9uZIw/w-d-xo.html
You cannot be more wrong. We evaluate historical figures in the historical context they lived in, not with modern sensibilities. Calling a victimhood status through some bloodline is a cringy exercise in virtue signaling as well.
There are not enough videos in this channel! I can't get enough of Roy! Thank you for making these fine lectures to educate us. At the end of this lecture, I was glad I wasn't white, European, or Christian.. And listening to many of your other lectures, I am proud to be Egyptian, Arab, and Muslim. So I hope I am an acestor of Khalid Ibn Al Walid, Al Faraby, Mohamed Al Fatih, and all the fine ancient Egyptians Oh and I am ordering your book very soon 🙏 ( The Blood Throne of Caria)
It seems you have not learned anything from Roy's lessons. You can easily find some terrible things that Egyptian, Arabs and Muslims did in the past (even nowadays). I don't understand why people are being proud of things that they did not choose like ethnicity etc. It is just pure tribal instinct.
@@mstzn1 you are right. I didn't mean to come off as tribal. I understand what you are saying. White europeans always try to portray us as barbaric and backwards, when the facts that Roy teaches us tell us that we were always much more civilized. We are not perfect either but in comparison, we as a people are relatively civil. Your ancestors are the ottoman empire, which had some bad times, but across most of the time it existed, it was a place of tolerance and civility.
@@maamounelsharkawy3924 When Egyptians say that they are Arabs, Muslims or speak Arabic and are 'proud' of that, that is so contradictory, farsical and funny because they take the 'Arab' identity who colonized them. Speak native Egyptian language, wear native Egyptian clothing, practice native Egyptian religion etc, only then you can say you are proud 'Egyptian'. What a joke!
As far as I now in this first letter Colon talks about subjecting and converting to the catholic faith, not slaving. In fact queen Isabel ordered, explicitly, for the indians to be treated kindly and with respect, yet Cristobal and his brothers were greedy , unfaithful and frustrated by the reality of a land that wasn't as rich as they thought and told to Isabel and Fernando so they carried out all sorts crimes which led to several confrontation with the Queen and ended up with him and his brothers being detained and taken back to the peninsula in chains all the way through.
It seems that he is another historian interested in spreading the Spanish black legend, omitting the positive aspects and remarking the bad or exaggerating them. Not objective historian.
Thank for delivering History in such a transparent manner, I love how you interconnect every aspect science, biology, engineering in the time period you are lecturing on, the "story telling" is fantastic. I wish I found this channel sooner, I love history and this makes me feel so connected when its been explained so thoroughly
"In the spring of 1499, Isabella finally took matters into her own hands, sending Francisco de Bobadilla to investigate what was happening on the ground. He had royal permission to arrest the rebels and assume power in Columbus's forts . On Hispaniola, he came across seven Spaniards hanged and five others awaiting execution the next day for opposing the navigator and his loyalists. Bobadilla soon discovered that Columbus had ordered a woman's tongue cut out for simply speaking ill of him and his brothers, and a man's throat cut for homosexual conduct . The envoy of the Catholic Monarchs took control of the city and settled in the Italian's house in the face of that anarchy. Upon his return to Hispaniola , Columbus was handcuffed and sent to Europe in shackles. He remained in prison for six weeks until he was granted an audience with his beloved Isabel. Still more weeks had to pass, in fact several years, until Columbus was allowed a fourth voyage to America, under many conditions, of which he broke several."
I lament not paying more attention as a young man to history. Something clicked at age 30 and I consumed history ever since. 3 decades or books and lectures and Dr Casagranda is categorically above all
You should check what is black legend and what is not. The black legend is based on 3 books that were used as propaganda by the English back then. It's a totally different thing from a study done by historians in today's world...
Sorry, but this "narrative" is not history at all, but a NETFLIX type entertainment version. The good (the Aztecs) and the evils (the spaniards). BTW, he talks all the time about Spaniards, but that is not correct. Spain as a country did not exist at the time. He should be talking about "Castillians", since the conquest of the newly discovered territories that were later called "Americas" was done by the Crown of Castille. However, if he say "Castillians", doesn't get so much attention and sound too fictitious. This is nothing but black legend narrative.
@@jorgeruiz3558La leyenda negra también incluye no usar las fuentes, como las del propio Cortés, Bernal Diaz del Castillo y muchos más que escribieron de primera mano el contacto entre los Aztecas y Españoles. Decir que habían 200,000 españoles es una total estupidez (Bullshit) porque ni en toda America en esa fecha habían ni 10 000. No hablar de las sociedades comehumanos también es no decir la verdad sobre lo que había antes de España.
@@jorgeruiz3558 Leyenda negra is a general Spanish term that means, "Unfavorable and generally unfounded story about someone or something." This professor is biased. He sugarcoats Mexica (Aztecs) and demonizes Spanish...pretty typical in US academia.
Thank you for owning it. If we have to own it, so should the Beneficiaries of it The ending is horrendous and tells even more of the savagery of that time
There a lot of mistakes in this presentation. Unfortunately all mistakes point into the same direction, painting a very simplified and tendentious view of history. 1. Queen Isabella and Columbus’ Enslavement of Natives: Queen Isabella indeed opposed the enslavement of Native Americans. When Columbus sent a shipment of indigenous people back to Spain as slaves, Isabella was reportedly furious and ordered that the captives be returned to their homeland. This decision was part of her broader stance that the indigenous people were subjects of the Spanish crown and thus should not be enslaved . 2. Cortés’ Expedition to Mexico: Hernán Cortés did not have official permission to embark on his expedition to Mexico. The governor of Cuba, Diego Velázquez, initially supported the expedition but later revoked his permission. Cortés defied this order and proceeded with his journey, effectively becoming a rebel against the authority of Velázquez. The story about the cook becoming a mayor only to give Cortez green light for abandoning his mission seems off therefore. 3. Malinche’s Status: Malinche was not bought. She was given to Cortés as a gift along with other slaves by a Maya group they had defeated. This practice of gifting captives following conflicts was common in the region. Her role was crucial in the Spanish conquest due to her linguistic skills and understanding of local cultures. The nature of her relationship with Cortés, whether consensual or not, remains a subject of historical debate and speculation. It is plausible however that they actually had a romance, given the amount of help she provided to battle the Aztecs who had abandoned her and the Maya who had enslaved her. With Cortez on the other hand she was on the side of the most powerful proponent to both and herself became the single most powerful woman on the American continent. There seem to be more as others pointed out
I love Dr. Casagranda's lectures but I've been a casual student of history for 50 years now and I know how this turns out. When I read the title, "The Spanish Arrive", I knew I couldn't watch this video. I'm sure you will be accurate and brutally honest which is much appreciated. Thank you for educating those who might not know. I will go watch Part I before the Spanish got there. I'm interested to see what he thinks about Montezuma.
Moral of the Story : Do not make your neighbourghs hate you and do not assume that you know other people's culture...Fantastic lecture, even though I question some of the population numbers.
Funny thing, the two biggest empires of the Americas fall because their neighbors hate them. But we’ll make sense empires majority of the time are not good.
When you realize this man is a professor of political science, the ending of this lecture makes complete sense. Great story teller though even if heavily biased
The statement that the Aztecs did not use weapons and only wrestled before Cortez is absolutely hilarious. This lecture had various completely incorrect statements about the Aztec and Mayans.
You’re probably basing this off of having an American education and never reading a single book on the subject. It is widely known that they did not use weapons in warfare except for the use of capture and not killing until they were forced to by the Spanish. You literally think you know more than a fucking professor? Cartoonishly stupid.
He doesn't say they ONLY wrestled. He does spend quite a while actually detailing the aztecs weapons, though. Their swords in particular. Seems like you're the one with the incorrect statement. Be honest. You didn't watch both lectures in their entirety, did you?
Ten years of waiting for the Winds of Winter, I've been reading the Last Kingdom and the Accursed Kings series. Little that I know I've found another flavor of Ice and Fire in Professor Casagranda's lectures. These are amazing stuff.
This talk, although entertaining, is very unbalanced and has an obvious ideological bias. In Spanish America we are victims of a story which basically says that we were indigenous saints a paradise on earth until that situation was interrupted by the arrival of some bearded men, singularly cruel, that only got to steal, pillar, harass, kill, etc. This mythical story that beats in the heart and in the minds of many Hispanic Americans it is completely false and very dangerous. Historical truth shows that this is simply false. Of course there were crimes, and monstrous crimes at that. But when compared with others committed in following centuries, they were no more monstrous than those of the metropolitan powers that followed the Spanish imperial example, sowing death and destruction throughout the world. I mean, What was the intention? to kill all the Indians and set up hospitals? Of stealing all the gold, and fill the church of the Company with all the gold there was? Spain Came to America to breed to generate new Spains, to do, what Gustavo Bueno calls, a generating empire. Until the moment the Spanish arrive in America, each continent had its race. Here now everyone mixed with everyone. This does not apply to North American Anglo-Saxon colonialism. This mixing of people in the spanish empire implies a perception that we are all human, that above certain differences there may be a common nature, and cultural richness and plurality which are perfectly compatible with the existence of truth, right? The truth is not uniform, truth unites, which is different. The Black Legend was concocted with one aim in view: to discredit Spain, the leading European power in the 16th century. Other powers of the time were conspiring to usurp its place, and eventually they succeeded. Thus it was the bourgeoisie of the other colonial powers which invented the Black Legend. The Legend was a skilful ideological weapon in the inter-colonial power struggle which accompanied the rise of capitalism and was to last several centuries (although by the end of the 17th century the outcome was virtually decided in favour of the new colonial powers). There is no need to insist on the close¬ ness we Spanish Americans feel to that other, democratic Spain, the Spain of Las Casas and the great Dominicans of the 16th century who defended the Amerindians: the Spain of thinkers like Vives and the 16th-century Erasmians like Servet, Suárez, Feijoo, Jovellanos and Blanco Whiteeven if some of them had to do their work in exile. The Spain whose people gave birth to an offspring of American rebels. This Spain opens our eyes to a complex and fascinating constellation of great men and works: Hispano-Arabic art, El Cid and the picaresque novel, Garcilaso, St. Teresa, Cervantes, St. John of the Cross, Gongora, Quevado, Calderón, El Greco, Velazquez, Goya, Unamuno, Valle-lnclán, Machado, Picasso, De Falla, Lorca, Bunuel. So what on earth is the point of the defenders of the Black Legend telling us that the horrors of Spanish reaction should make us forget this other inheritance? What point is there in rejecting a cultural tradition because of the momentary aberrations of certain groups in that country? Does colonialism stop us admiring Shakespeare or Virginia Woolf or Bernard Shaw? Rabelais or Malraux? Pushkin, Tolstoy or Dostoyevski? Goethe or Brecht? Dante or Pavese? The truth is that we feel proud that this other Spain is also ours, and that we would be impoverished if we rejected it.
anglos (US-UK) are not interested in this and the real story, and they will do anything (anything means anything) to keep Hispanic America nicely and divided to easily controlling it, fighting on a useless who is who, while anglos keep enslaving, exploiting and manipulating. When I say anglo that means I am not referring to Irish (owned and occupied by england for the past 800 years) Italians (obviously considered a lower race by anglos, Slavs (same but worst than Italians) etc. Let's wake up we are 900 million, the first global culture on this planet, ever, second most spoken language after Mandarin. Let' unite and look eye to eye.
I genuinely started crying when the lecture ended with de las casas and African slavery... Prof is such a good storyteller he got me genuinely invested in the man's humanity and then broke my heart with his reveal at the end of the trial 😂
@@annakat3754what are you even replying to? The video is literally about another type of slavery, so pretty sure everyone in the comments knows African slavery was not the only slavery.
Thank you for the brief description of the two-part series on the Aztecs. We would like to see a part three to this series where he mentioned the spanish dominican monk Bartolome de las Casas in which he ended the lecture at the year 1550. Thanks.
Dr. Casagranda weaves a narrative in Part l and Part ll that is fascinating. The linkages of his history is full of incredible detail and amazing coincidences that would make an epic fictional worthy of Honer, yet it is the reality of The Conquest. I don't know how he amassed all of this data and detail, but it is a riveting story. Thank you for pulling all this historical and disparate information together into an excellent, if not terrifying and tragic, tale of madness and then twisted logic. Incredibly wild and fantastic, scholarly and compelling work.
Well, I guess I'll be a future cockroach, but if Aztecs loved others so much, then why even after seeing who Cortez was (such a bad man), other Indian tribes still helped him? And if there was even only 1 million Aztecs, and they ate 1 pound of human flesh a year (his words), that means they would have to eat 1 million pounds of human flesh and a very conservative approximation is about 10k people eaten a year. Very "others loving" Aztec family. And it's such a huge underestimation. And Aztecs fighting without weapons? Like man, are you sure what you are saying? I guess there were only few "knights wannabe" who fought this way, but no way it was majority.
10k people eaten every year for 90 years is 900k for sustaining life and the sun because human lives are sacred, as they believed. Their geographically tiny empire had 35 million people, 8 million alone in and around the lake. Cortez was responsible for millions upon millions of deaths over a tiny fraction of that time for profit, and even more in his wake. There’s no denying the Mexicas’ practice of human sacrifice and cannibalism is evil by today’s standards, but let’s not act like that’s a good reason to do what Cortez did and not hold them accountable. Cortez was straight up evil, and so was the Spanish empire. For the record, I have Spanish, Portuguese, and Puerto Rican ancestry. Judging by his last name, I’m guessing Dr. Roy CASAGRANDA probably has Spanish ancestors, too. It’s not like this came from natives bashing Spanish people. This was introspective. That’s what every human should be doing.
Man I'm so glad I found this channel. Roy really makes history a proper compelling story. This story was done just as well as the crusades one. I can't wait for another subject.
1) The Aztecs definitely used weapons - they didn’t go into battle unarmed. Ridiculous. 2) the X was pronounced like the “sh” sound not the silly gutteral sound he makes 3) Cortes was back in the city and led the escape from tenochtitlan, not arriving to see his compatriots fleeing already during La Noche Triste 4) There were not 200,000 Mexica soldiers. That was the population of their entire city state and that included women, children and elderly. Many more errors in his presentation
Appalling that he's a history teacher and gives so many erroneous "facts" !!!! There was not 8 million people living in Tenochtitlan when Cortez arrived!!! The estimates is a population of 200,000 to 400,000! Mexica warriors did have and used weapons during war!!!!
@@nobaso620 yes and you sound completely ignorant of the modern science of historical linguistics which allows us to reconstruct sound changes within and between languages over time, and especially so for this era where we have orthographic evidence to support our analysis. Lions don’t debate with sheep so no more replies from me
You are right, Mr. Casagranda (by the way an Italian name, not a Spanish) is a bit flippant with some of the facts. And you can also feel that he is a bit influenced by Left wing antiimperialism ideology. When the Spanish kill someone - it is out of sadism or narcisism, when the Aztects slaughter someone on top of their temple - it is part of their culture and a peace offering. Also the circumstances of the Noche Triste are altered. In reality Montezuma was still alive and in power, when the uprising begann. When he died his brother Cuitláhuac took over and commanded the fight. And the thing with the cattle farming also sounds weired. How much cows does he think the Spanish had in Mexico in 1521 or the immediate years afterwards? Maybe a few dozens or hundreds, not more. It takes decades to grow the live stock to such numbers, that they have an impact on the environment.
The depth of knowledge this man possesses in history is truly unique. Truly grateful for the enlightenment he has brought us. I'm excitedly looking forward to "Crusade Part 3" and the portrayal of Saladin's character. It will be fascinating to see how his story unfolds in this installment.
If you want to learn about history go to the roots, it is all very well documented, this guy is ridiculous, a real black legend lover, the fact is that the different indigenous tribes were sick and tired of the Aztecs using them as meat and sacrificing them, Cortes had less than 500 men, but was able to make alliances with most of the tribes, which were the main mass of the army, to defeat the aztecs, this so called professor is a totally biased and ignorant person, he omits most important facts to make his points.
@@jaredyetter4784 you didnt asked me but, but a few secs before here: th-cam.com/video/uraDUVCRsNc/w-d-xo.html, he says that when Colón returned and debrief Queen Isabel "La Católica" and said that with a couple of men you can make slaves of the natives, and Isabel said "AMAZING", that's a lie, I mean the same Isabel that threw Colón in jail for being a slaver, mistreatment of the natives, and an overall brutal governor? The same Isabel that in her testament she said that there should be a priority to integrating with the natives, and promoted marriages between Spaniards and natives, would that Isabel say "AMAZING" when queried about the possibility of enslavement of the natives? Also, in the previous video the stated that in the Americas there were around 150 million people, one century after there were only 15 millions, the failed to mention that 99% of those deaths were because of the diseases and not because the Spaniard were in a campaign of extermination. In fact, in the conquest of the Aztecs, the Spaniard were a minority they managed to ally themselves with the Aztec's enemies, the conquest of the Aztecs is more a story about the liberation of the Tlaxcaltecas and other tribes with the help of the Spaniards.
More of Roy please. Amazing insight. Wish him a long life so he can give us an impartial history of the world as far as is possible. Loved the Middle Eastern history, the European history, history of the America's. I would love some light to be shed on the Eastern histories e.g. India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Native Australians, and of course China. That side of the world is still an enigma to me.
@@tralalalalalala554 did you understand the question? Casagranda insists that 1) The Aztecs didn't use their weapons in warfara because they considered the spilling of blood sacrilegious but 2) They conquered many millions of their neighbours through warfare. We know this. It doesn't really matter how many of you there are, no westling technique is going to compensate that a spear reaches farther than an arm.
16:45 well the earth technically IS pear shaped (oblate sphere). Columbus is histories biggest example of pulling a 'Homer'- getting something right but completely unintentionally
Reading the comments a lot of people seem to have reservations about Dr Roy’s accuracy and opinions. Having watched both Aztec lectures I am afraid I have to join them. I had my suspicions when he first describes the aztecs as very moral unwarlike and generally really nice people. There is some anti colonial white guilt in his presentation which I don’t think historians should have
Thanks prof.Casagranda,l have been following your work and learning a great deal as an Arab origin guy enjoy every bit of your classes though I studied most in schools but that’s 50Y ago
Wtf Roy, I was expecting the second lecture on the Crusades, you finished the last one on a cliffhanger and now I’m going to have to another awesome lecture on another brilliant civilisation and I’m compelled to watch it! 😂
These lectures are so incredibly informative and heartbreaking. Would love to take one of your courses. Thanks Dr. Roy for these enlightening and horrifying lectures on humanity’s inhumanity
You are delivering fascinating insights sometimes so fast that I am in danger of intellectual jetlag. Teleporting me to all sides of the earth across space and time. I am so grateful for drinking from the firehose, although my shirt tends to get soaking wet. Wonder-full!❤
I'm not buying this whole "human sacrifice was necessary for dietary reasons" thing. Even if the Aztecs didn't domesticate animals for food (which I find hard to believe), didn't they hunt or fish? Why even try to justify something as despicable as that, especially when it was performed in such violent manner? Because the Spanish were more brutal? Why not just call a spade a spade and say that they were an advanced civilization, capable of many great things, but they also had some barbaric beliefs?
@@21972012145525 No, he tried to justify their actions by their having limited access to animal protein. And just to be clear, it's not that I didn't enjoy this talk -- I do appreciate most of Dr. Casagranda's talks -- but that particular point seemed bizarre to me.
do you think there was a sacrifice jutification/apology in here in any form? i didn't sense that, I think it was an attempt to find out what use did it have that despite the brutality it persisted in that culture, in my opinion it was just that the Priest would have liked to have some meat, in a population that size the hunting and fishing wouldn't serve them much, and not directly, (also as it was pointed out the fish was wiped out and the rabbits too) so they made a Ritual out of it
La mejor fuente de información son las crónicas de los propios conquistadores: Bernal Díaz del castillo, las cartas de relación de cortés, Sahagún pedro pizarro..
Interesting. The professor states, around the hour mark, the Spanish were terribly evil and immoral, but the Aztecs were vicious to their own weren’t they? Sacrificing humans is ok because they were Aztecs? Who gets to decide evil and moral superiority, the professor? At the hour and seven minute mark the professor states that the Aztecs said there is no greater evil than the Spanish, turning the Aztec into the good guy even though they were bullies to their surrounding tribes and had no regard for human life either (1:07:30s). I get it, the Spanish were vicious conquerors, but did they sacrifice people? They killed like warriors have always done, but the greatest evil? I think that’s a little bit of professor opinion speaking for the Aztec. Wearing a red shirt in a hatred for Spain, puzzling. Then he ends with you and I are beneficiaries of the bloodshed…well, yeah, the whole world history is bloodshed, we literally tear our mothers open to come into this world, born from blood! Should we blame Eve? Where does it stop and when do professors stop propaganda and let the students critically think for themselves instead of injecting lectures with their opinions and dogma. In the words of a sleepy aloof world leader, “ COME ON MAN!”
Its a good way to white wash crimes by saying they were evil too. So what if we were more evil and then blame whole human history even the first humans especially women. Why do that so crimes can be justified.
@@alexandrealexandre53 yeah I get it. I guess all I was trying to say is, just teach the thing without the hatred for either side. The antagonist and the protagonist are a subjective thing in all historical events of significance.
MEXICAN HERE -Yukal-tan Mayab (Yucatan) does not mean "i dont understand your words" it had varios meaning with time changes from Yucalpetén to Yukatán means "The people with all mayan languages" to "pearl necklace" -The spanish later rescued later did not got woke offended. -Columbus was great not because he was smartest or because he knew the size of earth, but because he did it, and he complete the trip back and helped stablished a route. -Columbus never said he discovered the earth was round, is stupid to think he was "wrong" on something he never said, everyone was wrong about the earth at that time in both sides. -He is assuming a hell lot of moral arguments and even complete personal toughts Columbus "had", he jokes about columbus ideology witout bieng aware of his own Woke ideologies too. -Half of the talk is not about history but morality and downgrade the spanish. -his pronuntiation of the X is horrible, is Tlaxclalá not Tlaggjhala. -Malinche ( Malinshin) was happy to attend the spanish because sha was a slave of the Aztecs and was better treated with the spanish. -Aztecs did not ever tought it was "immoral to kill someone in combat" and they was not unharmed wrestlers , they had Macuahuitl , a base-ball bat with a super sharp stones capable of cuting a child in half. -The Tlaxcala people had enough already of the Aztecs, that why the united to the spanish. -His pronuntiation about "Monctectuzuma".... ¿what? is "Moctezuma" that simple. -Cortez using Native american to battle or get killed by him? ... 500 spanish against 20,000 natives? nonsese, the natives pressed to attack and kill the aztecs because the aztec were the opresors of everyone else, Cortez was the one trying to make peace between but the tension broke. -I cant stand any more, dont believe people just because the had good memory of wrong stuff he just read and talk with confidence, good bye.
D.Mariscal, menos mal que en este chat alguien tiene, usted, conocimiento de la historia. He visto las explicaciones de este profesor y nunca había sentido tanta vergüenza por la falta de conocimiento y la deshonestidad en los datos. Y la Malinche estaba encantada con Cortés, porque la ascendió a un nivel muy superior al que tenía. No fue violada como este indocumentado dice. Incluso tuvo un hijo con él que posteriormente tuvo una posición en la sociedad española muy importante. Por otro lado, me hace gracia como justifica la antropofagia como algo natural entre los “buenos salvajes” para obtener proteínas y calorías y una hora después dice que vaya desastre fue el obtener proteínas del ganado vacuno. Cinco siglos luchando contra esta mierda anglosajona, y seguimos. Mis saludos a usted.
Siguen los pasos de la leyenda negra... 1) En un solo siglo, tras el Descubrimiento, los españoles fundaron 700 ciudades en América. Una cada dos meses. 2) Siete de las veinte mayores ciudades de Estados Unidos fueron fundadas por los españoles: Los Ángeles, San Antonio, San Diego, San José, San Francisco, El Paso y Memphis. 3) En 1580, Buenos Aires contaba con unas 250 manzanas de casas. Cinco siglos después, 16 millones de personas habitan la ciudad. 4) 46 años después del Descubrimiento, ya los españoles fundando universidades. Y desde entonces no pararon de hacerlo. 5) Pero antes incluso, en 1533, ya habían fundado el Colegio de la Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, un colegio de preparación universitaria destinado a los indígenas. Un siglo antes de que los ingleses fundaran en Norteamérica la primera universidad…para ingleses. 6) Al sur del Río Bravo, el 88% de la población actual del México desciende de los antiguos pobladores americanos; Al norte del Río Bravo, sólo el 1,7% de la población estadounidense tiene ancestros indios. 7) Y quinientos millones de hispanohablantes son la herencia que dejó toda la labor educadora del imperio español, mucho más respetuosa, humana y moderna que la de cualquier otro país de la época. Y hay mucho más.... Viva la Hispanidad !
I was looking for this comment. Not in agreement in each item, but overall, yes, there is a particular not-historical perspective as to how the story is told in this presentation. It includes thoughts or impressions the historic characters "had" that they never shared. The "hidden" motives of Marina/Malinche while translating between, "apparently" two morons (Cortez and Moctezuma), who couldn't tell the mistranslations. All because she was afraid of Cortez' wrath. Where is that documented?
Great lecture but I wholly disagree with his closing remarks. No one alive today is guilty for what people did hundreds of years ago. To try to put guilt on us for “benefiting” from it unjustly ignores the ways we’ve been hurt by it too. If you’re reading this, I beg you to drop this belief. End the cycle of collective guilt, grief, and recrimination!
The White Guilt ending is pretty weird since Africans and Aztecs were also very okay with slavery and profiting from slavery. I'm white and have no guilt or responsibility to the trans Atlantic slave trade. 🙄.
Twisting history to fit current day narratives at the social and political level. Preference and bias on one end, facts based on documentation on the other, like oil and water. He could have inserted the Lord of the Rings trilogy into this, and many would not question it at all. This story was a product of the Black Legend.
Dr. Casagranda you are mistaken! The island was named Quisqueya by the Taino Arawak Indians. Columbus named it Hispanyola upon arrival. The island then became Haiti after the war for independence against France. The island is now home to two distinct nation states by the names of Haiti and Dominican Republic whose capital happens to be Santo Domingo. I hope I explained everything thoroughly and without condescension in my tone. I greatly appreciate your lectures, constantly learning something new about history from you. Keep up the good work. I look forward to seeing a lecture live someday. Best wishes
Before Columbus arrived, the Taino people inhabited the island. They called it Ayiti, which means high ground or mountainous land, or Quisqueya, meaning mother of the Earth. The Spanish called it Santo Domingo, as did the French (Ste. Domingue) when they colonized the part of the island known today as Haiti.
36:54 This is why people from all across the world love Prof Roy so much. He bathes his mind with local names, cultures and traditions and wholeheartedly promotes them. He constantly appreciates and compliments the local societies and thing very foreign to many other White people. This man is built by pure love for different societies and doesn't condescend on any of them.
Thank god, thought I was going to have to wait a year to hear part 2. If only all lecturers and teachers were like this - people would actually enjoy education and learn something. Thanks, great lecture as always!
hi Austin school, are there any books that you would recommend reading that actually tell you the history in truth regarding aztecs and not the hollywood version.
and plz keep the videos coming, very informative and eye opening not the usual mumbo jumbo, thanks
A book Thats rather interesting and pertinente is Aztec by Gary Jennings... First look for reviews in YT about it, I think you'll love it. I as a Mexican happily living in CDMX can't recommend it Enough.
Great lectures by this great professor; I've never thouth about the period way before the Mexica Build up my City (tenochtitlan, now CDMX), always interesting to hear a differenta and a rather constructive perspective.
Yes children enjoy story time this is not an education all he does is tell stories that is not an education in history I don't give a s*** what he thinks about things I want facts
@@properburger7378and is your landscape inhabited with pink unicorns it sure sounds like it
@ShawnW-y7i awwww. Someone doesn't understand the context of certain sections. Now, since you're disputing him put your money where your mouth is. Where is he incorrect? Give us a few examples then dispute them with facts. Not whining. Then please show us your credentials. Because using others work to try and prove your point t doesn't get you very far.
This channel is such a gem 💎
Agreed!
Obviously Mashallah
So it is...
Yeah but fuck man dr roy needs to upload more
He's full of lies tho
I accidentally come across Professor Roy lectures and now my whole family is addicted. we listen him regularly on weekends, incredible knowledge and honesty with the facts
The part where Cortez went to see Guerrero was pure fiction of his own making, it never occurred, it was Aguilar who was sent by Cortez to go fetch Guerrero from the Maya
You my enjoy Roman, Japanese history at ESTORI
Samei in here 😅
@@jaroslav-6027 This man is a fabulist, he mixes a few real facts with lots of fictitious stories that he invents as he goes along. Something really embarrassing for anyone who even remotely knows the story.
What else are you addicted to crack it sounds like that be a good drug for you and your family because you don't know when the truth is being told and when bulshit is being spun
This Prof is an embodiment of knowledge. His "keep it simple" style of presentation would have made the study of politics and history worth the while if many of us had him as a teacher during our undergraduate days
A lot of things of what he says aré incorrect
Wow! Your lectures are brilliant! Your delivery makes me feel like you genuinely want me to be able to connect the dots between the past and the present. They are packed with the most detailed; most extraordinary facts. Thank you for educating me, my family and my friends.
@@crispy0104Yes, many of his statements are totally fantastic as the "dialogues" from Columbus to Isabella , the History of Malinche and so on, Isabella forbid slavery on natives very soon ( apart from free many African and Canarian slaves in the peninsula) she was a very religious woman and had ( wrong or not )strong morals.
Dr. Casagranda I'm in love with your lectures. My brain is cooked bc I don't have an attention span anymore and I usually can't even watch a 10 minute video without getting bored but I can watch 4 straight hours of your lectures. Incredibly interesting and entertaining even though you barely use any images. I have learned so much about the world. My favorite thing is that you give so much context before starting every lecture, which is incredibly helpful. Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge for free ❤
Yes! I love the extensive background every time! I learn way more than the title of the video suggests.
You're cute
Throw ur mobile phone away and go offline and you will notice how ur attention span improves significantly
Oh sooo much love you for Professor! You've helped me through Ramadan listening to your lectures. You're so funny, and witty - and your anti-Orientalist flavour to your analysis is refreshing and vital. Thank you and God bless you
These talks are so interesting. Please keep them going. Thanks to the Professor and to all those behind the scenes who make this happen.
Thank you Dr. for your great insight in this topic! I couldn’t put the phone down listening and watching your storytelling. I am a HS history teacher and I try to imitate the same type of storytelling skills that you have mastered when it comes to history! Thank you for your service in history and in education!
Such a wonderful character. So much knowledge. I find myself listening to him every night and morning
Dr. Casagranda, you are a fantastic teacher! The world is a better place with your wisdom. Thank you!
These Aztec lectures are entertaining but brimming with factual errors and personal points of view that are skillfully woven with historical facts for storytelling value. Having been born in Mexico City and a lifelong amateur student of this history I would grade Prof Casagranda with an A for entertainment and a C minus for historical accuracy.
I would give them a D.
I agree with you regarding the adding of unnecessary spice to the story based on political slant. The true history is interesting all by its factual self.
For example? Key not trivial
😂
"Them"?
Provide examples and sources please? It's hard to take a random youtuber commentor's word for it over that of an actual historian. I mean no disrespect, I'm interested!
Can't believe I've been watching a college lecture for 27 minutes. It's like a movie this dude's great!
No he's only spouting his agenda that's not a great history teacher that's his effort to brainwash you I've been to college and we never would have put up with his silly bulshit
This guy deserves more airtime and credit a brilliant historian
I rather worry about what is life can be in Texas these days, teaching what he teaches
This guy lies, the meeting between Cortez and Guerrero never occurred, it was Aguilar who was sent by Cortez to go fetch Guerrero from the Maya
@@OptimusPrinceps_Augustussource??
@@AustinBoiiii Cortez' letters to the King of Spain and Bernal Diaz del Castillo who was there...both on You Tube by the way
@@OptimusPrinceps_Augustus i think this guy is trying to say that Cortez and Columbus were both narcissists and crazy lol whos knows if we can trust their letters and journals
Gracias a Dios fuimos conquistados por los Españoles y no los piratas ingleses, ya que para el ingleses, el Indio bueno es el Indio muerto.
He is one of the best teacher in the world , period !!! 🙏🙏
Wow 🤟
What a wonderful way to teach 🙏
His story is full of holes
You mean full of his own agenda?
For the love of god, don´t just swallow all these lies. Compare with a serious historian. There are great ones, like th-cam.com/users/M%C3%A9xicoAntesdeM%C3%A9xico or th-cam.com/video/2EzmeUqlcUU/w-d-xo.html
Delivery is great with some good content, also very biased with many false statements.
Watching you makes me want to go back to school prof! Keep it up
If I ever come to Austin I will make sure to attend one of your lectures, you are simply amazing at delivery, your style keep me engaged, thanks for your effort!
I'm sorry but Aztecs did use weapons in warfare.
There are plenty of documents confirming this.
His story is like a continued Chinese whispers event. Continuously going through his fondness of how events he prefers to be.
I encountered Dr. Casagrande's lectures and was profoundly impressed by their depth and insight. His expertise and nuanced analysis represent an exceptional standard within unbiased academic discourse. Drawing from my studies in history, particularly concerning figures such as Columbus and Cortez, I benefited significantly from the perspectives imparted by Dr. Casagrande's lectures. My maternal lineage, intertwined with native heritage, further enriched my understanding of the complex legacies of colonization. The devastating impact wrought by conquistadors like Cortez, Pizarro, de Almagro, and Valdivia upon the indigenous populations and cultures of the Americas remains a topic of incomprehensible magnitude. It behooves us, therefore, to confront and comprehend these historical realities with courage and humility, recognizing their implications for our collective past and the imperative of responsible stewardship for the benefit of future generations.
It's "Cortés". "The Americas" is an invention by the US, because America is the whole continent. A Cuban person is an American person. The "devastating impact" depends.I guess many Indigenous Populations were happy to help the Spanish migrants and embrace some of the benefits they brought with them. Just like Rome. Or not being sacrificed by the Mexica Empire. Anyways, have you ever learned or read or watched anything on this topic that's not coming from a US college / source / university? There's no more devastating impact that the one the Anglosaxon conquistadors had on the present-day non-existent indigenous culture. Any... Zunzunegui, Alfonso Borrego, Patricio Lons...? Or just Bernal Díaz del Castillo. A witness. No need to have someone summarize / simplify for you. th-cam.com/video/htV_xb9uZIw/w-d-xo.html
You cannot be more wrong. We evaluate historical figures in the historical context they lived in, not with modern sensibilities. Calling a victimhood status through some bloodline is a cringy exercise in virtue signaling as well.
most insightful and dramatically told lecture by Roy. mad respect for the honest ending
There are not enough videos in this channel! I can't get enough of Roy!
Thank you for making these fine lectures to educate us.
At the end of this lecture, I was glad I wasn't white, European, or Christian..
And listening to many of your other lectures, I am proud to be Egyptian, Arab, and Muslim. So I hope I am an acestor of Khalid Ibn Al Walid, Al Faraby, Mohamed Al Fatih, and all the fine ancient Egyptians
Oh and I am ordering your book very soon 🙏 ( The Blood Throne of Caria)
It seems you have not learned anything from Roy's lessons. You can easily find some terrible things that Egyptian, Arabs and Muslims did in the past (even nowadays). I don't understand why people are being proud of things that they did not choose like ethnicity etc. It is just pure tribal instinct.
@@mstzn1 you are right. I didn't mean to come off as tribal. I understand what you are saying. White europeans always try to portray us as barbaric and backwards, when the facts that Roy teaches us tell us that we were always much more civilized. We are not perfect either but in comparison, we as a people are relatively civil. Your ancestors are the ottoman empire, which had some bad times, but across most of the time it existed, it was a place of tolerance and civility.
@@maamounelsharkawy3924 When Egyptians say that they are Arabs, Muslims or speak Arabic and are 'proud' of that, that is so contradictory, farsical and funny because they take the 'Arab' identity who colonized them.
Speak native Egyptian language, wear native Egyptian clothing, practice native Egyptian religion etc, only then you can say you are proud 'Egyptian'.
What a joke!
I agree I keep rewatching the same stuff
What a weird comment.
This is amazing, Dr. Roy is now my favorite
This professor deserves the noble peace prize for historical overly simplistic fiction literature.
I'm so grateful that this is free!!!
As far as I now in this first letter Colon talks about subjecting and converting to the catholic faith, not slaving. In fact queen Isabel ordered, explicitly, for the indians to be treated kindly and with respect, yet Cristobal and his brothers were greedy , unfaithful and frustrated by the reality of a land that wasn't as rich as they thought and told to Isabel and Fernando so they carried out all sorts crimes which led to several confrontation with the Queen and ended up with him and his brothers being detained and taken back to the peninsula in chains all the way through.
And the way he describes how local divinities were replaced by catholic religion is insulting. Either is a liar or an ignorant
It seems that he is another historian interested in spreading the Spanish black legend, omitting the positive aspects and remarking the bad or exaggerating them. Not objective historian.
Thank for delivering History in such a transparent manner, I love how you interconnect every aspect science, biology, engineering in the time period you are lecturing on, the "story telling" is fantastic. I wish I found this channel sooner, I love history and this makes me feel so connected when its been explained so thoroughly
Roy is a living legend ❤ he should upload more 😊
great talk, loved that ending. the course of history changed by one man.
LOL By one man? Can you point us to him please?
this is what a man looks like doing something he has passion for. Such a blessing to watch the excitement
Your storytelling skills are incredible. You have a way of making complex historical events easy to understand and engaging to watch.
God for you. Dr.? Keep up the Spanish black legend.
I love Roy. I been listening to this man's lectures since I first found them on TH-cam. He's an absolute rockstar for history nerds like me😊
The Prof is amazing. So eloquent. And his memory…. He can talk for hours without missing a beat.
I can't wait for part 3, you are absolutely amazing
It should be a holiday every time dr. Casagrande drops a video
"In the spring of 1499, Isabella finally took matters into her own hands, sending Francisco de Bobadilla to investigate what was happening on the ground. He had royal permission to arrest the rebels and assume power in Columbus's forts . On Hispaniola, he came across seven Spaniards hanged and five others awaiting execution the next day for opposing the navigator and his loyalists. Bobadilla soon discovered that Columbus had ordered a woman's tongue cut out for simply speaking ill of him and his brothers, and a man's throat cut for homosexual conduct .
The envoy of the Catholic Monarchs took control of the city and settled in the Italian's house in the face of that anarchy. Upon his return to Hispaniola , Columbus was handcuffed and sent to Europe in shackles. He remained in prison for six weeks until he was granted an audience with his beloved Isabel. Still more weeks had to pass, in fact several years, until Columbus was allowed a fourth voyage to America, under many conditions, of which he broke several."
I lament not paying more attention as a young man to history. Something clicked at age 30 and I consumed history ever since. 3 decades or books and lectures and Dr Casagranda is categorically above all
Black leyend against the Spanish... What a surprise.
You should check what is black legend and what is not. The black legend is based on 3 books that were used as propaganda by the English back then. It's a totally different thing from a study done by historians in today's world...
Sorry, but this "narrative" is not history at all, but a NETFLIX type entertainment version. The good (the Aztecs) and the evils (the spaniards). BTW, he talks all the time about Spaniards, but that is not correct. Spain as a country did not exist at the time. He should be talking about "Castillians", since the conquest of the newly discovered territories that were later called "Americas" was done by the Crown of Castille. However, if he say "Castillians", doesn't get so much attention and sound too fictitious. This is nothing but black legend narrative.
@@jorgeruiz3558La leyenda negra también incluye no usar las fuentes, como las del propio Cortés, Bernal Diaz del Castillo y muchos más que escribieron de primera mano el contacto entre los Aztecas y Españoles. Decir que habían 200,000 españoles es una total estupidez (Bullshit) porque ni en toda America en esa fecha habían ni 10 000. No hablar de las sociedades comehumanos también es no decir la verdad sobre lo que había antes de España.
Wow I can’t believe, How can it happend??
@@jorgeruiz3558 Leyenda negra is a general Spanish term that means, "Unfavorable and generally unfounded story about someone or something." This professor is biased. He sugarcoats Mexica (Aztecs) and demonizes Spanish...pretty typical in US academia.
My favorite talk so far. Bravo! Thank you!!!
The ending of your lecture made me cry 😢 That decision saved us but at the expense of so many others.
Saved us?
@@vicentevazquez3917she’s probably indigenous herself
@@jillianallen4533 she wasn't there. The lecture was entertaining, but full of errors, and tha was one of them.
@@vicentevazquez3917 Agreed. When referring to historic events, one should never use personal pronouns like I, me, you, us, our, we, etc.
Thank you for owning it.
If we have to own it, so should the Beneficiaries of it
The ending is horrendous and tells even more of the savagery of that time
Thank you, dr Roy. Love these lectures, funny and full of new info for me to be amazed by.
Dr. Roy is the best! It’s kind of like having the dude from Big Lebowski explain things to you in terms even stoners can understand!
It's better than watching a movie ,
Thank you SO much! Dr. Casagranda is an inspiration. He’s so well researched and never just gives the party line….
No he is not. A lot of what he says is incorrect
this lecture is everything but well research.
There a lot of mistakes in this presentation. Unfortunately all mistakes point into the same direction, painting a very simplified and tendentious view of history.
1. Queen Isabella and Columbus’ Enslavement of Natives: Queen Isabella indeed opposed the enslavement of Native Americans. When Columbus sent a shipment of indigenous people back to Spain as slaves, Isabella was reportedly furious and ordered that the captives be returned to their homeland. This decision was part of her broader stance that the indigenous people were subjects of the Spanish crown and thus should not be enslaved .
2. Cortés’ Expedition to Mexico: Hernán Cortés did not have official permission to embark on his expedition to Mexico. The governor of Cuba, Diego Velázquez, initially supported the expedition but later revoked his permission. Cortés defied this order and proceeded with his journey, effectively becoming a rebel against the authority of Velázquez. The story about the cook becoming a mayor only to give Cortez green light for abandoning his mission seems off therefore.
3. Malinche’s Status: Malinche was not bought. She was given to Cortés as a gift along with other slaves by a Maya group they had defeated. This practice of gifting captives following conflicts was common in the region. Her role was crucial in the Spanish conquest due to her linguistic skills and understanding of local cultures. The nature of her relationship with Cortés, whether consensual or not, remains a subject of historical debate and speculation. It is plausible however that they actually had a romance, given the amount of help she provided to battle the Aztecs who had abandoned her and the Maya who had enslaved her. With Cortez on the other hand she was on the side of the most powerful proponent to both and herself became the single most powerful woman on the American continent.
There seem to be more as others pointed out
I love Dr. Casagranda's lectures but I've been a casual student of history for 50 years now and I know how this turns out. When I read the title, "The Spanish Arrive", I knew I couldn't watch this video. I'm sure you will be accurate and brutally honest which is much appreciated. Thank you for educating those who might not know. I will go watch Part I before the Spanish got there. I'm interested to see what he thinks about Montezuma.
Moral of the Story : Do not make your neighbourghs hate you and do not assume that you know other people's culture...Fantastic lecture, even though I question some of the population numbers.
Funny thing, the two biggest empires of the Americas fall because their neighbors hate them. But we’ll make sense empires majority of the time are not good.
Thank you for uploading. Amazingly presented.
When you realize this man is a professor of political science, the ending of this lecture makes complete sense. Great story teller though even if heavily biased
This guy is un incredible lecturer! Story teller !! Thank you thank you for speaking the truth !!!
The statement that the Aztecs did not use weapons and only wrestled before Cortez is absolutely hilarious. This lecture had various completely incorrect statements about the Aztec and Mayans.
So do you know more then?
😂😂😂😂😂 your such a tool to believe you know more than an actual educated professional on literally this subject, your such a Joke!
You’re probably basing this off of having an American education and never reading a single book on the subject. It is widely known that they did not use weapons in warfare except for the use of capture and not killing until they were forced to by the Spanish. You literally think you know more than a fucking professor? Cartoonishly stupid.
@israelapatricio3263 well, YES, because I can double check his statements listening other professors? 😮🤯
He doesn't say they ONLY wrestled. He does spend quite a while actually detailing the aztecs weapons, though. Their swords in particular. Seems like you're the one with the incorrect statement. Be honest. You didn't watch both lectures in their entirety, did you?
Ten years of waiting for the Winds of Winter, I've been reading the Last Kingdom and the Accursed Kings series. Little that I know I've found another flavor of Ice and Fire in Professor Casagranda's lectures. These are amazing stuff.
This talk, although entertaining, is very unbalanced and has an obvious ideological bias.
In Spanish America we are victims of a story which basically says that we were indigenous saints a paradise on earth until that situation was interrupted by the arrival of some bearded men, singularly cruel, that only got to steal, pillar, harass, kill, etc. This mythical story that beats in the heart and in the minds of many Hispanic Americans it is completely false and very dangerous.
Historical truth shows that this is simply false. Of course there were crimes, and monstrous crimes at that. But when compared with others committed in following centuries, they were no more monstrous than those of the metropolitan powers that followed the Spanish imperial example, sowing death and destruction throughout the world.
I mean, What was the intention? to kill all the Indians and set up hospitals? Of stealing all the gold, and fill the church of the Company with all the gold there was?
Spain Came to America to breed to generate new Spains, to do, what Gustavo Bueno calls, a generating empire. Until the moment the Spanish arrive in America, each continent had its race. Here now everyone mixed with everyone. This does not apply to North American Anglo-Saxon colonialism. This mixing of people in the spanish empire implies a perception that we are all human, that above certain differences there may be a common nature, and cultural richness and plurality which are perfectly compatible with the existence of truth, right? The truth is not uniform, truth unites, which is different.
The Black Legend was concocted with one aim in view: to discredit Spain, the leading European power in the 16th century. Other powers of the time were conspiring to usurp its place, and eventually they succeeded. Thus it was the bourgeoisie of the other colonial powers which invented the Black Legend.
The Legend was a skilful ideological weapon in the inter-colonial power struggle which accompanied the rise of capitalism and was to last several centuries (although by the end of the 17th century the outcome was virtually decided in favour of the new colonial powers).
There is no need to insist on the close¬ ness we Spanish Americans feel to that other, democratic Spain, the Spain of Las Casas and the great Dominicans of the 16th century who defended the Amerindians: the Spain of thinkers like Vives and the 16th-century Erasmians like Servet, Suárez, Feijoo, Jovellanos and Blanco Whiteeven if some of them had to do their work in exile.
The Spain whose people gave birth to an offspring of American rebels.
This Spain opens our eyes to a complex and fascinating constellation of great men and works: Hispano-Arabic art, El Cid and the picaresque novel, Garcilaso, St. Teresa, Cervantes, St. John of the Cross, Gongora, Quevado, Calderón, El Greco, Velazquez, Goya, Unamuno, Valle-lnclán, Machado, Picasso, De Falla, Lorca, Bunuel.
So what on earth is the point of the defenders of the Black Legend telling us that the horrors of Spanish reaction should make us forget this other inheritance? What point is there in rejecting a cultural tradition because of the momentary aberrations of certain groups in that country? Does colonialism stop us admiring Shakespeare or Virginia Woolf or Bernard Shaw? Rabelais or Malraux? Pushkin, Tolstoy or Dostoyevski? Goethe or Brecht? Dante or Pavese?
The truth is that we feel proud that this other Spain is also ours, and that we would be impoverished if we rejected it.
This
Wow
anglos (US-UK) are not interested in this and the real story, and they will do anything (anything means anything) to keep Hispanic America nicely and divided to easily controlling it, fighting on a useless who is who, while anglos keep enslaving, exploiting and manipulating. When I say anglo that means I am not referring to Irish (owned and occupied by england for the past 800 years) Italians (obviously considered a lower race by anglos, Slavs (same but worst than Italians) etc. Let's wake up we are 900 million, the first global culture on this planet, ever, second most spoken language after Mandarin. Let' unite and look eye to eye.
Heavy. Thanks for two amazing lectures!
I genuinely started crying when the lecture ended with de las casas and African slavery... Prof is such a good storyteller he got me genuinely invested in the man's humanity and then broke my heart with his reveal at the end of the trial 😂
I mean he essentially suggested what he believed to be the most humane solution possible.
African slavery was not the only slavery in history. Stop it. Its a tired argument.
@@annakat3754 nothing else in history ever compared to the Atlantic slave trade, leave your white apologist logic off my comment :)
@@annakat3754what are you even replying to? The video is literally about another type of slavery, so pretty sure everyone in the comments knows African slavery was not the only slavery.
@@annakat3754Try listening to the lecture before advancing your white racist argument.
You gave us Part 2 so quickly! Thanks professor. You knocked it out of the park yet again!
Thank you for the brief description of the two-part series on the Aztecs. We would like to see a part three to this series where he mentioned the spanish dominican monk Bartolome de las Casas in which he ended the lecture at the year 1550. Thanks.
Dr. Casagranda weaves a narrative in Part l and Part ll that is fascinating. The linkages of his history is full of incredible detail and amazing coincidences that would make an epic fictional worthy of Honer, yet it is the reality of The Conquest. I don't know how he amassed all of this data and detail, but it is a riveting story. Thank you for pulling all this historical and disparate information together into an excellent, if not terrifying and tragic, tale of madness and then twisted logic. Incredibly wild and fantastic, scholarly and compelling work.
Well, I guess I'll be a future cockroach, but if Aztecs loved others so much, then why even after seeing who Cortez was (such a bad man), other Indian tribes still helped him? And if there was even only 1 million Aztecs, and they ate 1 pound of human flesh a year (his words), that means they would have to eat 1 million pounds of human flesh and a very conservative approximation is about 10k people eaten a year. Very "others loving" Aztec family. And it's such a huge underestimation.
And Aztecs fighting without weapons? Like man, are you sure what you are saying? I guess there were only few "knights wannabe" who fought this way, but no way it was majority.
10k people eaten every year for 90 years is 900k for sustaining life and the sun because human lives are sacred, as they believed. Their geographically tiny empire had 35 million people, 8 million alone in and around the lake. Cortez was responsible for millions upon millions of deaths over a tiny fraction of that time for profit, and even more in his wake.
There’s no denying the Mexicas’ practice of human sacrifice and cannibalism is evil by today’s standards, but let’s not act like that’s a good reason to do what Cortez did and not hold them accountable. Cortez was straight up evil, and so was the Spanish empire.
For the record, I have Spanish, Portuguese, and Puerto Rican ancestry. Judging by his last name, I’m guessing Dr. Roy CASAGRANDA probably has Spanish ancestors, too. It’s not like this came from natives bashing Spanish people. This was introspective. That’s what every human should be doing.
This guy is a bafoon. Doctor?, of what?
what are your sources?
@@rudolphreyes8630
Ask the narrator for their sources; they only use elementary logic.
Man I'm so glad I found this channel. Roy really makes history a proper compelling story. This story was done just as well as the crusades one. I can't wait for another subject.
yep, just as the crusades one...pretty much all fabrications.
1) The Aztecs definitely used weapons - they didn’t go into battle unarmed. Ridiculous.
2) the X was pronounced like the “sh” sound not the silly gutteral sound he makes
3) Cortes was back in the city and led the escape from tenochtitlan, not arriving to see his compatriots fleeing already during La Noche Triste
4) There were not 200,000 Mexica soldiers. That was the population of their entire city state and that included women, children and elderly.
Many more errors in his presentation
Appalling that he's a history teacher and gives so many erroneous "facts" !!!!
There was not 8 million people living in Tenochtitlan when Cortez arrived!!! The estimates is a population of 200,000 to 400,000!
Mexica warriors did have and used weapons during war!!!!
Yes we forgot that you were there at that time
@@nobaso620 yes and you sound completely ignorant of the modern science of historical linguistics which allows us to reconstruct sound changes within and between languages over time, and especially so for this era where we have orthographic evidence to support our analysis. Lions don’t debate with sheep so no more replies from me
@@PhiloLogos777 nice you've crowned yourself a king or a lion. Paliz
You are right, Mr. Casagranda (by the way an Italian name, not a Spanish) is a bit flippant with some of the facts. And you can also feel that he is a bit influenced by Left wing antiimperialism ideology. When the Spanish kill someone - it is out of sadism or narcisism, when the Aztects slaughter someone on top of their temple - it is part of their culture and a peace offering.
Also the circumstances of the Noche Triste are altered. In reality Montezuma was still alive and in power, when the uprising begann. When he died his brother Cuitláhuac took over and commanded the fight.
And the thing with the cattle farming also sounds weired. How much cows does he think the Spanish had in Mexico in 1521 or the immediate years afterwards? Maybe a few dozens or hundreds, not more. It takes decades to grow the live stock to such numbers, that they have an impact on the environment.
I was waiting for this thank you doctor Casagranda
The depth of knowledge this man possesses in history is truly unique. Truly grateful for the enlightenment he has brought us. I'm excitedly looking forward to "Crusade Part 3" and the portrayal of Saladin's character. It will be fascinating to see how his story unfolds in this installment.
If you want to learn about history go to the roots, it is all very well documented, this guy is ridiculous, a real black legend lover, the fact is that the different indigenous tribes were sick and tired of the Aztecs using them as meat and sacrificing them, Cortes had less than 500 men, but was able to make alliances with most of the tribes, which were the main mass of the army, to defeat the aztecs, this so called professor is a totally biased and ignorant person, he omits most important facts to make his points.
WOW A level of truth I never could have coendured up, yet it makes total since. Sadly. Thank You.
Not the Chanel is a gem bro but the Man casagranda
Great amount of knowledge! Very interesting!
Its a crime that no movie has been made about these events
Great lecture. I enjoyed it and remain 100% guilt free 😊
To be fair, this is a lot of Black Legend, and I say this as a Mexican born in Veracruz.
Un poco la verdad, saludos de España.
He is a little embellish on the numbers and stories, and he tries to punch up a lot, but hey, a little fiction makes the story interesting
What part of this lecture is incorrect?
@@jaredyetter4784 you didnt asked me but, but a few secs before here: th-cam.com/video/uraDUVCRsNc/w-d-xo.html, he says that when Colón returned and debrief Queen Isabel "La Católica" and said that with a couple of men you can make slaves of the natives, and Isabel said "AMAZING", that's a lie, I mean the same Isabel that threw Colón in jail for being a slaver, mistreatment of the natives, and an overall brutal governor?
The same Isabel that in her testament she said that there should be a priority to integrating with the natives, and promoted marriages between Spaniards and natives, would that Isabel say "AMAZING" when queried about the possibility of enslavement of the natives?
Also, in the previous video the stated that in the Americas there were around 150 million people, one century after there were only 15 millions, the failed to mention that 99% of those deaths were because of the diseases and not because the Spaniard were in a campaign of extermination.
In fact, in the conquest of the Aztecs, the Spaniard were a minority they managed to ally themselves with the Aztec's enemies, the conquest of the Aztecs is more a story about the liberation of the Tlaxcaltecas and other tribes with the help of the Spaniards.
Just more anglo propaganda against Spain, nothing new.
More of Roy please. Amazing insight. Wish him a long life so he can give us an impartial history of the world as far as is possible. Loved the Middle Eastern history, the European history, history of the America's. I would love some light to be shed on the Eastern histories e.g. India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Native Australians, and of course China. That side of the world is still an enigma to me.
i just don't understand how the Aztecs were such badasses dominating their neighbors when they didn't fight with weapons and their neighbors did...
Of course they had weapons, and were trained to use them. Casagranda's teaching is extremely dishonest.
numeric superiority due to advanced irrigation crop growing technic.
@@tralalalalalala554 did you understand the question? Casagranda insists that 1) The Aztecs didn't use their weapons in warfara because they considered the spilling of blood sacrilegious but 2) They conquered many millions of their neighbours through warfare. We know this. It doesn't really matter how many of you there are, no westling technique is going to compensate that a spear reaches farther than an arm.
@@gentlebreeze6414 3 wrestlers disarming a spearman at same time does not seem far fatched to me.
Like I said numeric superiority.
and that is why everyone you know holds you in contempt.
16:45 well the earth technically IS pear shaped (oblate sphere). Columbus is histories biggest example of pulling a 'Homer'- getting something right but completely unintentionally
Too much black legend about the Spanish and Colon.
this professor is just spewwing 17th century British propaganda and modern liberalism
I wanna go back to school simply because of Roy, this dude kicks ass
Reading the comments a lot of people seem to have reservations about Dr Roy’s accuracy and opinions. Having watched both Aztec lectures I am afraid I have to join them. I had my suspicions when he first describes the aztecs as very moral unwarlike and generally really nice people. There is some anti colonial white guilt in his presentation which I don’t think historians should have
Thanks prof.Casagranda,l have been following your work and learning a great deal as an Arab origin guy enjoy every bit of your classes though I studied most in schools but that’s 50Y ago
Wtf Roy, I was expecting the second lecture on the Crusades, you finished the last one on a cliffhanger and now I’m going to have to another awesome lecture on another brilliant civilisation and I’m compelled to watch it! 😂
I couldn’t keep up with crusades one. Too many character. Needs maps and pictures to comprehend it
These lectures are so incredibly informative and heartbreaking. Would love to take one of your courses. Thanks Dr. Roy for these enlightening and horrifying lectures on humanity’s inhumanity
Hispanofobia Chanel Cassagranda
What an amazing lecture.
Just another anglo propagandist, I've listened to hours of this guys talks and never has anything good to say about the Spanish.
You are delivering fascinating insights sometimes so fast that I am in danger of intellectual jetlag. Teleporting me to all sides of the earth across space and time. I am so grateful for drinking from the firehose, although my shirt tends to get soaking wet. Wonder-full!❤
I'm not buying this whole "human sacrifice was necessary for dietary reasons" thing. Even if the Aztecs didn't domesticate animals for food (which I find hard to believe), didn't they hunt or fish? Why even try to justify something as despicable as that, especially when it was performed in such violent manner? Because the Spanish were more brutal? Why not just call a spade a spade and say that they were an advanced civilization, capable of many great things, but they also had some barbaric beliefs?
Darwinists always have a need to justify their ideology by making up far fetched theories like this
I agree, that was just a weird and confusing assumption...
But isn’t that exactly what he did?
@@21972012145525 No, he tried to justify their actions by their having limited access to animal protein. And just to be clear, it's not that I didn't enjoy this talk -- I do appreciate most of Dr. Casagranda's talks -- but that particular point seemed bizarre to me.
do you think there was a sacrifice jutification/apology in here in any form? i didn't sense that,
I think it was an attempt to find out what use did it have that despite the brutality it persisted in that culture, in my opinion it was just that the Priest would have liked to have some meat, in a population that size the hunting and fishing wouldn't serve them much, and not directly, (also as it was pointed out the fish was wiped out and the rabbits too) so they made a Ritual out of it
Thank God! This was amazing!
La mejor fuente de información son las crónicas de los propios conquistadores: Bernal Díaz del castillo, las cartas de relación de cortés, Sahagún pedro pizarro..
Such great lectures, thanks for this
Interesting. The professor states, around the hour mark, the Spanish were terribly evil and immoral, but the Aztecs were vicious to their own weren’t they? Sacrificing humans is ok because they were Aztecs? Who gets to decide evil and moral superiority, the professor? At the hour and seven minute mark the professor states that the Aztecs said there is no greater evil than the Spanish, turning the Aztec into the good guy even though they were bullies to their surrounding tribes and had no regard for human life either (1:07:30s). I get it, the Spanish were vicious conquerors, but did they sacrifice people? They killed like warriors have always done, but the greatest evil? I think that’s a little bit of professor opinion speaking for the Aztec. Wearing a red shirt in a hatred for Spain, puzzling.
Then he ends with you and I are beneficiaries of the bloodshed…well, yeah, the whole world history is bloodshed, we literally tear our mothers open to come into this world, born from blood! Should we blame Eve? Where does it stop and when do professors stop propaganda and let the students critically think for themselves instead of injecting lectures with their opinions and dogma.
In the words of a sleepy aloof world leader, “ COME ON MAN!”
He is a leftist, but a very interesting one. at least he is not pretending to not be one.
Its a good way to white wash crimes by saying they were evil too. So what if we were more evil and then blame whole human history even the first humans especially women. Why do that so crimes can be justified.
@@alexandrealexandre53 yeah I get it. I guess all I was trying to say is, just teach the thing without the hatred for either side. The antagonist and the protagonist are a subjective thing in all historical events of significance.
Superb lecture such an honest and well explored history lesson. Thank you!
there is nothing honest about this lecture
MEXICAN HERE
-Yukal-tan Mayab (Yucatan) does not mean "i dont understand your words" it had varios meaning with time changes from Yucalpetén to Yukatán means "The people with all mayan languages" to "pearl necklace"
-The spanish later rescued later did not got woke offended.
-Columbus was great not because he was smartest or because he knew the size of earth, but because he did it, and he complete the trip back and helped stablished a route.
-Columbus never said he discovered the earth was round, is stupid to think he was "wrong" on something he never said, everyone was wrong about the earth at that time in both sides.
-He is assuming a hell lot of moral arguments and even complete personal toughts Columbus "had", he jokes about columbus ideology witout bieng aware of his own Woke ideologies too.
-Half of the talk is not about history but morality and downgrade the spanish.
-his pronuntiation of the X is horrible, is Tlaxclalá not Tlaggjhala.
-Malinche ( Malinshin) was happy to attend the spanish because sha was a slave of the Aztecs and was better treated with the spanish.
-Aztecs did not ever tought it was "immoral to kill someone in combat" and they was not unharmed wrestlers , they had Macuahuitl , a base-ball bat with a super sharp stones capable of cuting a child in half.
-The Tlaxcala people had enough already of the Aztecs, that why the united to the spanish.
-His pronuntiation about "Monctectuzuma".... ¿what? is "Moctezuma" that simple.
-Cortez using Native american to battle or get killed by him? ... 500 spanish against 20,000 natives? nonsese, the natives pressed to attack and kill the aztecs because the aztec were the opresors of everyone else, Cortez was the one trying to make peace between but the tension broke.
-I cant stand any more, dont believe people just because the had good memory of wrong stuff he just read and talk with confidence, good bye.
The man is too focused on white guilt to be unbiased. Shame, because he’s a good storyteller.
D.Mariscal, menos mal que en este chat alguien tiene, usted, conocimiento de la historia. He visto las explicaciones de este profesor y nunca había sentido tanta vergüenza por la falta de conocimiento y la deshonestidad en los datos. Y la Malinche estaba encantada con Cortés, porque la ascendió a un nivel muy superior al que tenía. No fue violada como este indocumentado dice. Incluso tuvo un hijo con él que posteriormente tuvo una posición en la sociedad española muy importante. Por otro lado, me hace gracia como justifica la antropofagia como algo natural entre los “buenos salvajes” para obtener proteínas y calorías y una hora después dice que vaya desastre fue el obtener proteínas del ganado vacuno. Cinco siglos luchando contra esta mierda anglosajona, y seguimos. Mis saludos a usted.
Siguen los pasos de la leyenda negra...
1) En un solo siglo, tras el Descubrimiento, los españoles fundaron 700 ciudades en América. Una cada dos meses.
2) Siete de las veinte mayores ciudades de Estados Unidos fueron fundadas por los españoles: Los Ángeles, San Antonio, San Diego, San José, San Francisco, El Paso y Memphis.
3) En 1580, Buenos Aires contaba con unas 250 manzanas de casas. Cinco siglos después, 16 millones de personas habitan la ciudad.
4) 46 años después del Descubrimiento, ya los españoles fundando universidades. Y desde entonces no pararon de hacerlo.
5) Pero antes incluso, en 1533, ya habían fundado el Colegio de la Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, un colegio de preparación universitaria destinado a los indígenas. Un siglo antes de que los ingleses fundaran en Norteamérica la primera universidad…para ingleses.
6) Al sur del Río Bravo, el 88% de la población actual del México desciende de los antiguos pobladores americanos; Al norte del Río Bravo, sólo el 1,7% de la población estadounidense tiene ancestros indios.
7) Y quinientos millones de hispanohablantes son la herencia que dejó toda la labor educadora del imperio español, mucho más respetuosa, humana y moderna que la de cualquier otro país de la época.
Y hay mucho más.... Viva la Hispanidad !
I was looking for this comment. Not in agreement in each item, but overall, yes, there is a particular not-historical perspective as to how the story is told in this presentation. It includes thoughts or impressions the historic characters "had" that they never shared. The "hidden" motives of Marina/Malinche while translating between, "apparently" two morons (Cortez and Moctezuma), who couldn't tell the mistranslations. All because she was afraid of Cortez' wrath. Where is that documented?
Thank god that not all get carried away with this guys good story telling…
It's equally mesmerizing and moving. Wish I could be a student of him or listen to him more.
Great lecture but I wholly disagree with his closing remarks. No one alive today is guilty for what people did hundreds of years ago. To try to put guilt on us for “benefiting” from it unjustly ignores the ways we’ve been hurt by it too.
If you’re reading this, I beg you to drop this belief. End the cycle of collective guilt, grief, and recrimination!
Your goverments are still doing these things until today! feel guilty or not, that's not my business. but it's not over and it's not history!
Awesome teaching, Thank you Doc!
The White Guilt ending is pretty weird since Africans and Aztecs were also very okay with slavery and profiting from slavery. I'm white and have no guilt or responsibility to the trans Atlantic slave trade. 🙄.
I can tell by your lack of empathy
Whats the point of being empathetic towards people whove been dead for centuries?@@lucianjones4727
@@lucianjones4727he wasn’t alive for that. I wouldn’t feel anything either. If anything, it sucks. But can’t blame him for not feeling guilt.
Amazing ! Great speaker !!!
Twisting history to fit current day narratives at the social and political level. Preference and bias on one end, facts based on documentation on the other, like oil and water. He could have inserted the Lord of the Rings trilogy into this, and many would not question it at all. This story was a product of the Black Legend.
Well said..
What a brainwash
I can’t get enough of him
Dr. Casagranda you are mistaken! The island was named Quisqueya by the Taino Arawak Indians. Columbus named it Hispanyola upon arrival. The island then became Haiti after the war for independence against France. The island is now home to two distinct nation states by the names of Haiti and Dominican Republic whose capital happens to be Santo Domingo. I hope I explained everything thoroughly and without condescension in my tone. I greatly appreciate your lectures, constantly learning something new about history from you. Keep up the good work. I look forward to seeing a lecture live someday. Best wishes
Before Columbus arrived, the Taino people inhabited the island. They called it Ayiti, which means high ground or mountainous land, or Quisqueya, meaning mother of the Earth. The Spanish called it Santo Domingo, as did the French (Ste. Domingue) when they colonized the part of the island known today as Haiti.
this is awesome thank you soo much🥰🥰🥰🥰
36:54
This is why people from all across the world love Prof Roy so much.
He bathes his mind with local names, cultures and traditions and wholeheartedly promotes them.
He constantly appreciates and compliments the local societies and thing very foreign to many other White people.
This man is built by pure love for different societies and doesn't condescend on any of them.
Right, he also misinforms his listeners. So not much value regarding actual historical knowledge.
It was very educational and great teacher.