Which is the MOST RIGID 3D printing material?
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ย. 2024
- Find out which the stiffest consumer 3D printing material is!
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Your demonstration skills are awesome!
It shows that we can make great scientifc experiments at home, with basic and fairly cheap instrument (if we are smart and curious enough!).
I've learned, and forgot long time ago, about Youngs module, thank you to bring it back to practical application such my new 3D hobby.
Hey Stefan great video. I love the way you analyse the materials. Go on... 👍
love to see this redone w/ newer filaments
Love the scientific approach
pp is scientifically the floppiest :)
Nice well documented video, thanks for that .I did some more empirical tests than yours a year ago to print an electric guitar ,( including the neck) and find out that Carbon Fil from Form Futura was the stiffer of the 3 carbon reinforced filaments i tested . It was also the one that resisted the better to high temperatures. But now I 'll give a try to Tiamet3D.
Any chance you can include Polycarbonate PC to this list?
Why is it no one compares PC vs nlyons
I saw a DIN standard, I like.
This is serious and objective science. Beautiful. Answered my concerns perfectly. Thank you!
Was trying to figure out if I should use and or CF petg for an effector plate. I got my answer thanks!.
1:10 LOVE the brutal honesty there ^_^
I recently received a spool of Tiamet 3D Nano Diamond filament as well. I'm blown away with how much stiffer and stronger it is than any other filament I have used. It also prints significantly faster than other materials. Hope you are planning on posting more videos showing off the best new filament on the market
Thanks for all your videos Stefan! I've watched so many of them, but there's one test missing (I think). You've done bending strength in this video, and in other videos you briefly touch on the pendulum swinging weight to calculate the breaking force, but what I can't find is the effect of different infill patterns against loads on one end rather than in the middle. I suppose a bit like a shelf supported on one end and the load on the other.
I realised what I would like to see from comments from others (see "TESTING 3D printed INFILL PATTERNS for their STRENGTH") - cantilever test with one end of the beam clamped rigidly and the other end loaded with your tester to produce a force-displacement graph (see @LMF5000 's post from 5 years ago)
It might be interesting to print the same pieces in various print orientations to see the differences in moduli: xy print layer (like in your video), xz print layer (standing on edge), yz print layer (standing on end), and maybe a few oblique angles.
Infill patterns and sizes would be another interesting comparison.
Besides that, very well done video. Thank your for your time, and I hope you find many more “likes” and “subscribes.”
Carbon fiber reinforced nylon is a nice option for stiffness + low density.
your channel is the best!
I really love the the academic approach of your analyses.
can u test HIPS as I hear it's as strong as abs with no fumes
Hi Stefan! Seeing the jump that the CF reinforcement makes PETG do, and seeing that regular PLA is much stiffer than regular PETG, I wonder if PLA-CF can be stiffer than PETG-CF?
Thanks for the videos you do Stefan. It's all good information and its all appreciated.
I would love to see a video of the comparison of normal polycarbonate and carbon fiber infused up against nylon and carbon fiber infused.
Nice video Stephan! I am excited about the Tiamet filament. Since you have now exposed your viewers to this filament, maybe you could show a basic video about how to design for strength and rigidity, particularly on choosing outer shell layers and infill direction. =D
This video gives some insight into that: th-cam.com/video/AmEaNAwFSfI/w-d-xo.html
Great study. Very important for those interested in stronger prints. I was definitely surprised.
1:31 That sounds just plain terrifying to print with...anything. For science's sake, I'd be interested in seeing how badly that bores out a hardened steel nozzle if you decide to review that stuff or just feel like murdering nozzles. I'm sure it'd eventually chew up a ruby nozzle too, but that'd just be a sad day.
Actually, nanodiamond filament is not abrasive. The nanodiamonds are very small, and spherical, and only a small fraction is used, but it has a huge effect.
Totally right. This filament can actually be printed pretty fast and one reason that allows this is the lubricity from the nano diamonds.
Neat. Sounds a lot nicer than the other composites I've tried.
Nice test. According to a study, ABS reinforced with 30% CF achieved the best results for the Young's modulus test (better than 40% CF Tekinalp 2014). It would be also good to chart the Young's Modulus [GPa] Vs Tensile strength [MPa], according to results the Ultem 9085 takes first place followed by PC and Nylon.
By the third power, you can make up for the filling in PET-g by being 25% thicker.
Awesome and informative video! Exactly the information I was looking for ... Great job with your presentation as well
Superb work Stefan. Love your videos!
Stefan: Thank you for all the strength videos. Have you tested this beta loading with different infills/orientations? Since there's compression on the top layers, tension on the bottom layers and sheer between layers, it would be interesting.
Would’ve been nice if you included nylonx in the test.
Something I think would be interesting to test with that rig would be the effect of infill vs wall-thickness on bending-stiffness.
This video gives some insight at least in terms of strength: th-cam.com/video/AmEaNAwFSfI/w-d-xo.html
Oh and infill pattern effect
Very nice Stefan as usual , i wish you could include PC (polycarbonate) to your test.
Noticed too late that I had a roll of PC-Max on my shelf, sorry.
CNC Kitchen , I think this is the perfect excuse to make a review for the PC Max.
Great video and great channel Stefan, but in your experience how would you expect PC-Max to perform in this test?
A tiny bit better than ABS and PETG. PC is definitely not as stiff as PLA.
HobbyKing sells cheap HIPS (only €10 for kilo). It should be as stiff as PLA, but can withstand 100C. If you get some they also sell POM, make your own bearings!
Well done as always! Consider adding a brief description of the difference between stiffness and strength.
Strength describes the amount of load you need to break a material and stiffness describes the property of a material to resist deformation.
It may be too in-depth but normalizing the elastic modulus by weight may have been a useful metric. It would have also been interesting to see a layer adhesion elastic modulus test to determine how big of an impact layer direction would have on the modulus. Overall, great video
You should get a durometer. I would be interested to see those results too.
Nice job ! I hope you will have access to more technical materials and more loaded filaments. PMMA, PC/ABS, PC may be feasible on those desktop printers.
Stefan great video, thank you.
I'm still surprised about the ANNEALING process.
Cheap filaments achieving awesome properties after this process. (I consider "cheap" till PC. PC is used in industry).
Stephan, consider to updated this test including a range of new materials like Tritan, Hips, and new carbon fiber reinforced materials. It would be great!
Have they ever said what percentage of the filament is nanodiamonds? Eg sometimes you buy metal filled filaments that are 10% filled by weight while others advertise they have 30% by weight and you can tell the difference. With the cost of even industrial use diamonds ($60 for 200ml) I imagine they don’t add more than 1-2%, would you agree?
I don't have any numbers but it's supposedly only a very low amount since nano diamonds are pretty expensive (much more than the $60/200ml).
Great tests! Next time print them in various orientations in order to quantify the directional properties as well
Polycarbonate is basically the strongest you can print at home.
not really
Trying to wrap my head around your results. My anecdotal observation in printing a LOT of ABS and PETG; I find ABS 'feels' much stiffer.. Hmmmmm
Interesting. Maybe print two identical bars and compare them side by side. Would love to hear about your results.
wow that Tiamet 3D is impressive, but does also lose its form at temp above 60deg like PLA?
What I often find missing is the relation of strength or rigidity versus printing time and weight. For me as a hobbyist, I always try to minimize printing time. I don't yet have a scientific framework to put shape, rigidity and printing time into a relationship.
Could you test rigidity of different infills
I really like this test, How about an impact test? Some of these materials are brittle, especially in the cold.
Makes you wonder if CF-PLA would be the winner
5:52 must resist inappropriate jokes about pp I MUST
Then watch this as an even harder challenge: th-cam.com/video/yRw2mC_6A00/w-d-xo.html
@@CNCKitchen harder you say?
Great video, we need more tests like this on comunity! tanks
Nice work, Thanks 👍
it would be nice to see the maximum and minimum stiffness range by testing diferent orientations and print..
Awsome series of videos ! Really the engineering that goes into your videos set them apart :)
I wonder if this would work with a more classical construction: straight spars and perpendicular wing cross sections (like good old wooden wing construction)... maybe easier to try and design a simple model that way? But is there structural be efit of doing it like they did (or was it just for fun and style, and show off things that other constructions techniques can not do :) )
You didn't list the brand and models of filament.
Nice video, however as you have already the system, could you extended your idea a bit? Could you pick up 1-3 materials and print with different fulfilment with graduation for example 10% or 20% and repeat it? It would be nice to see how is the maximal economical fulfilment to have almost pretty good stiffness or strength. Maybe it would be the case that between 50% and 100% it would not be much difference and printing time and material to use to print it will not be justify. In addition it would be nice to see difference in temperature print. Personally, I notice difference in strength for the model printed in nylon and the difference was about 10C. Thanks.
Fund him on Patreon and request all you want, it will have more weight then.
How about extending the duration of the same test to measure creep?
Was thinking about that.
I suspect temperature could have a significant effect on creep, even below the glass transition temperature. I don't know how stable your room temperature is, but it would seem reasonable to leave each sample for 24h. If you can live without your tonic water for that long!
Very thorough Stefan - thanks!
I wish you would have done PLA CF. I guess I am going to try PLA CF anneled. Thank you though!
Hi!
I really like your videos about testing filaments!
I might need to use your results to choose filament, so do you have a sum up all your results available to download?
Thanks you for your work!
Sebastien
Have you ever tried Taulman Alloyy 901? It seems to be a very interesting material regarding stiffness.
Are you speaking about Alloy 910? Taking a look at the data sheet shows a pretty low modulus of 73ksi (~500MPa). Don't know if that's typo and no, unfortunately I've never used any Taulman filaments.
seems to be stronger then regular petg. tom3d has a nice review
If regular PLA is stiffer than regular PETG and carbon fiber PETG is stiffer than regular PLA then shouldn't carbon fiber PLA be even stiffer than carbon fiber PETG?
🤯 Yes, but it also depends on the amount and size of the fibers, so results may differ a bit.
This is a great video!
Nice video. I would be curious what the results would be with the direction of load being parallel to the layer lines instead of perpendicular in your setup. I suspect the strengths will be much higher across the board.
There should be more of this type of stuff in the 3D printing world. Although this seems extremely limited. I do understand the time constraints of a TH-cam life so I understand. You should set up a complete test suite that can run any filament and generate a full profile of test results that are comparable to all the other test results. Everything from "stringing profile vs hotend temperature", bridging vs temperature, print temperature vs layer bonding, to yield strength, and everything in between. I'm sure filament companies would be willing to send samples for testing. You could have filament for life. :) This is a niche not currently filled by anyone. Testing various filaments in a way that can be compared to each other.
Fund him on Patreon and request all you want, it will have more weight then.
Yeah, if I could fund patreon I would be doing this stuff myself and making a living. I'm literally living below the poverty line. I depend on external sources for information on the choices I make that can help me.
@@_droid Beggars can't be ______. (8-letter word, rhymes with 'losers')
I think Stefan and Thomas Sanladerer are currently working together on a unified filament test pipeline that might be a reviewer industry standard of sorts and that any other reviewer or manufacturer could copy if they desire to contribute to a common database. I think distributing the workload might be the way to go on this, there's obviously room for more than two channels in this field because every single person's time will be limited and this is a huge field, i mean there are so so many manufacturers and products, and these two have other ideas to take care of too. I have an impression Thomas isn't too keen on being stuck doing the one thing for life, he has a restless mind.
thanks for the info , wat i still like to find out is how the layer strength is (how well they stick together )
going to build parts for a cnc conversion of a milling machine and there some peak and constant forces aplied to different spots in the material (the bearing pocket , the steppermotor support , the screw and boltholes ) i like the strongest material but if it splits faster along the layers it still has no use to me
Could you test impact strength with rigid(pla petg and etc) materials? I want to see if hips or petg is actually better than and and so on. My printer is down at the moment and I'm sure you could make a great video out of it. Just a suggestion. Keep it up!
I know this is an old video, buy I refer to your older videos frequently. Does standard deviation in ambient temperature make much of a difference in this test? Like, say, from 12°c to 30°c??
For some materials it does, but I think in this range it won't really be noticed. One you come in the 50°C are or below freezing, properties might change quite rapidly.
Hello Stefan, I found this interesting material Nylon Taulman 230, the beauty of this nylon is that it can be printed at 230°C and no heating bed, have you had experience with the Taulman 230? It would be great if you can test the properties of this material comparing to regular Nylon, ABS and PTEG
Unfortunately never worked with any Taulman filaments so far.
Most springy, elastic, etc
It's hard to discern the size changes after heating. Do you have information on the samples' dimensions before and after being heated?
Your videos are really well made and documented. I would like to see the same test but with the two other print orientations. Reinforced PETG may come ahead because of its good layer adhesion.
Watch my carbon fiber PETG review and you'll see that at least mine had bad layer adhesion. This test should also not show good or bad layer adhesion since I'm not loading the samples till failure.
Good point, thanks!
Where do you think protopastas cf htpla would have lined up?
For the love of the machine gods... PC/PBT filament please!
Thanks! I had no idea this was a thing until your post. There are a lot of custom keycaps in my future.
Another great video 👍Would have loved to see some figures on Polycarbonate as I want to set up a higher temperature hotend on a printer to play.
Noticed too late that I had a roll of PC-Max on my shelf. Will be included next time!
Thanks for the reply, I should have read down the comments and saw you already answered the same question :)
do a PEKK & PEEK!!👍
Hi Stefan, as always a great video with loads of useful info. Love your DIY testing machines. B-3 Btw, how well does the Titan Aero perform on the CR10 over time? Cheers!
Bearing is still broken and makes horribles noises but otherwise it works great.
I was looking at some spec sheets and HIPS seemed to be one of the lowest density materials available with the highest stiffness. Am I correct in thinking that it'd be the best performer for stiffness for weight for a test like this then?
Please test ASA filament too.
I did: th-cam.com/video/M0tYr2JH_Do/w-d-xo.html
Excellent. Some questions: Do the values fit to datasheets? How is the reproducibility? You have quite large deformations are the formulas still applicable?
The values of the normal polymers are comparable to datasheets but the reinforced ones can vary quite a bit. Unfortunately I haven't checked reproducibility (not very scientific and ISO 178 actually asks for at least 5 samples each). Large deformation can actually have an effect (kudos for that!) but the results were pretty linear and the standard even doesn't ask for taking that into consideration. Most deformations were small (~2mm max) where the formulas should still be pretty accurate.
I like your videos a lot thumbs up. It would be interesting to compare stiffness with strength in comparison. The tiamet filament is rigid but has a lower strength then pla .. so I guess it is most of the time garbage :S. I would like to see reinforced materials in comparison to each other (Nylonx vs Xt Cf 20 pro ) for example. It would also be interesting if a material is abraison resistant. Anyway keep up the good work
I love the soda cans to newtons. This is real world engineering.
Super interesting video man!
Thanks for a very instructive video! Have you ever checked how much different materials change in measures when ready? I'm looking for a filament that keeps good measures. (Hope that makes sense!)
Didn't do that yet but there is a high chance that PLA is a good material for that since it doesn't contract that much during cooling.
Thx!
Well done Stefan, im quite new to printing and yet to buy my own. Thinking about starting a small business. So do you have any recommendations for filaments/material choice when the components are to be used in the harsh environment of CNC machines. I’m thinking of cooling lubricant, strength as you point out in this video but also heat-resistance.. :-)
I'd look into PC or PC/ABS (though not the easiest to print).
What about polycarbonate, specifically the PC+ or PolyMax? I have recently started printing with this and it seems very nice although it would be interesting to anneal it.
Noticed too late that I had a roll of PC-Max on my shelf. Will be included next time!
Are you into climbing? those carabiners with webbing between them are often used in rock climbing
Yes I do!
@@CNCKitchen Very cool! i've recently gotten into rock climbing, but it's not very popular in my region. For some reason I can't find a single documented route (anywhere near me), and the nearest decent climbing gym is a 5 hour drive away :(
Why don't you show the stiffness modulus?
I did do that in the plots.
Hey! Was curious if you could share the 3D file used for the part cooling duct visible on the Titan aero at 1:15 in the video! Have been looking a long time and haven’t seen one like that! Please let me know! :)
Here you go: www.thingiverse.com/thing:2756800
Stefan, will you say doing anealing on PLA worth the invested time or should we just print thicker?
Do you have a video on this topic?
Thank you for your well refined work.
Alex from Québec, Canada
PLA is worth annealing for the temperature resistance. The mechanical properties only improve slightly (and some even get worse). The biggest problem is warping during the process which is not that easy to handle. Take a look at these videos:th-cam.com/video/OzfXVH59LjM/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/video/vLrISrkg46g/w-d-xo.html
Thanks very useful :)
I'm surprised you couldn't use the universal testing machine here?
And what about ASA ???
Great video! My only question is what type of nylon did you use?
I used Aprintapro PA12.
awesome testing :)
Did you make the tensile tester at 2:30 by yourself?
Yes, watch my most recent video for more details on it.
test tritan filament some day
How does the infill type and infill percentage matter ?
Well done.
I would like to 3D print a custom insole/orthotic shells. Does anyone have any suggestions/experience on doing this. I currently use 3mm PP sheets for vacuum pressing my shells so I figured PP would be the logical choice for 3D printing. I'm not sure how much the material strength will change because of the 3D printing.
@CNC Kitchen which petg cf filament was tested?
Colorfabb XT-CF20
The fact that you obtained a linear response from non-linear materials makes me doubt about your whole testing method
which nylon did you use