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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 ก.ย. 2024
- A basics video on barrel rifling and twist rate. Please don't make this more complicated that it is for new shooters! :-) I've tried to keep it simple.
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Thanks, but back when it mattered and I cared, I could never get any respect in job interviews for all the information I included on my resume about my skills with basketball, darts, archery, guns, Frisbee, etc. They would always just read it and then give me a strange look. :-)
I have a feeling you were real good at ball in college. :-)
“Just like THE PLANET”. (???)
This didn’t age well…. LOL!!!
You don’t live on a “planet”, Mr. Hickock, and here’s hoping you don’t believe in the fictional ‘Coriolis effect’
@@toberrdrawforc We do live on a planet, but it's not a "planet", it's a planette, as in the circular piece of a flat plane that everybody has been made to believe is a ball flying through infinite space without ever hitting anything meanwhile we see the same stars in the sky every single night all year round. The english language is all about trickery in the wording
Balance a basketball on his finger, Another thing Hickok can do that I can't. Damn this guy makes me jealous! haha!
MudgateBronn and he can do a drive by on a tractor
i never made a purchase without watch hickok45
Your not alone on that Sean !
Facts
Nb
eat clean and healthy hickok. we want you around for a long time. god bless. thank you for your time
Amen
@@adamg263 Amen and awoman😂
8 years later, still informative
9 years now, and nothing's changed.
@@BionicDeathclaw I do have to wonder if hickock45 is still as deadly with a frisbee as he was 9 years ago.
10 years, boiiii!!!!
10 years, the most simplest to understand after searching
Hicock45 , I have a gut feeling that you're pretty good at horse shoes, darts, pool and poker. After seeing the basketball, frisbee and archery I believe you're probably just a natural when it comes to those things. Love the videos!
+Steve Johnson that is one of the best comments on his channel!!
this is one well rounded man
dayum hickok45 is a baller.
You said it perfectly.
Pretty much one and the same, though. My six degrees from M.I.T., Harvard, Yale, and Vanderbilt, lead me to the conclusion that a longer bullet of a specific diameter will probably be heavier. :-) I think people who shoot a great deal and handload tend to just think of bullets by weight rather than length.
Anyone else hear the James Bond theme song at 2:47?
lulz
Hahaha! I actually listened for it! DUH!
Brandon Campanile He definitely missed a opportunity there XD
Brandon Campanile beat me to the punch!
totally 007
You sir are the Bill Nye for Firearms.
except he doesn't think that people that don't agree with him should be sent to prison.
f*** Bill Nye
He's not the Bill Nye. Hickok knows what he's talking about and lives in reality and is safe to be viewed by children. Can't say the same for Bill Nye and his "gender spectrum" invented DNA and invented qualifications. Also, I like Hicock and hope to be more like him. Be great if he dressed like Bill Nye every now and then though haha
HICKOK45 FOR PRESIDENT on guy thats got my 100% respect.
Concrete anchor bolt
oh hickok45 went to college in the 60's... that explains everything.... haha
One of the smartest, funniest and most educational videos I've ever watched. Thank you so much, hickok45! :)
Just wanted to let you know how much we all appreciate what you do for this community. You don't have to make these videos, you don't have to go to the hardware store to pick up examples for the people that didn't know about twist rate, but you did. You are great person for this community and we appreciate all that you do.
FACTS !!!
Mr. Hickok45, these types of videos are my favorite.
In other words, a 1:7 twist rate is MORE twist, than a 1:9 twist rate. Because it only takes 7" for the bullet to make one complete revolution, as apposed to 9".
basically a 1:7 is the best all around twist rate and its what the military uses. It will stabilize any grain 5.56/.223. 1/8 and 1/9 will not do so well over 69 grains.
@@VanguardXwhat's the lowest fps a .223 can be shot at and still be able to stabilize?
@@airgunsofidaho4886 2000ish
Remind me to never get in a frizzby fight with you. lol
I've always respected your videos and look to them for advice, but now that I know you can balance a basketball on your finger.....the game just changed sir. haha
seriously though me too. Im like he is the coolest guy ever
That stabilizing effect is called angular momentum
Centrifugal force you mean?
That is definitely a fast twist rate!
Yeah, I don't think a bullet actually spins within one inch in ANY barrel. That would be one fast twist! :-) It's how many inches it takes for the bullet to do a complete turn.
Excellent channel. Wish there was a way for decent and competent people to have this hobby in my country.
According to "Jive" interpreter Barbara Billingsley, "ballah" is a derivative of "baller" meaning basketball player.
No football spiral analogy? Must be a Titans fan. My apologies ;•》
I know you did this 8 years ago, but thank you for still having it up and available. I am trying to get into long range shooting and I build my own guns. This video was a huge help in my understanding of twist rate and what I will need for a barrel for my 6.5 Creedmoor build. Again, thank you.
Hickok with sick crossover!
No doubt!!!
Pretty cool side note: when a bullet is fired down a rifled barrel, the barrel leaves grooves on the slug. Very cool to see this if you're able to recover a whole bullet after it's been fired.
MixBernstein yeah that's how tracing a bullet works. Every fireman(aside from shotguns) leave their own unique Mark on the projectile, the police use forensics to trace the slug to your firearm. And GSR on your hands and the firearm will confirm it's been fired recently.
RBabik Ii that forensic evidence, or rather what can prove that evidence is connected to any given firearm, can be quickly destroyed by damaging the rifling.
Called "Ballistics" I believe
so a faster twist rate with a heavier bullet will stabilize it better, but won't it also lower the velocity? If so, which is the better choice? slower twist rate and higher velocity or faster twist rate and slower velocity?
the higher the f.p.s. the faster the bullet spins...think about it..... in some high velocity rounds you can will need less twist per foot.....you can spin a bullet apart...yes you can
*WELL SAID MR. HICKOK 45!!* *AND HEAVER BULLETS NEED MORE TWIST RATES TO KEEP IT IN STABLE IN FLIGHT AND CAN HELP IN DISTANCE, SOME WHAT.*
What twist do you recommend for a 300 blackout in 18"? I want to shoot a heavier barrel.
Well now that I have done some research, I have found that 18 won't be an option. I'm new to the 300 and am going hog hunting in March in Texas. I wanted a little heavier bullet than an AR15. But I don't wan an SBR. what is the best twist for a 16" barrel, now that I have some information?
thank you. never to old to learn.
Thank you for explaining this, i keep hearing people talk about this and i had no idea what it mean before. You made it very simple for a novice like me to understand. Big thumbs up
You’re my GO TO person for gun info - just fantastic! THANK YOU for creating all of this wonderful and timeless content!
Love my DDM4 1:7 twist firing the 62gr XM855/S109!!!
That there is a concrete bolt.
Zakly
"Relatives in Kentucky probably don't know what all that's about" Hahaha!
Good one hickok45!
A longer bullet is more specific than a heavier bullet.
If you have a light bullet with a very high twist rate, it will have a higher spin drift rate. In other words, your bullet will drift in the direction in which it is spinning faster than if you had a lower twist rate, throwing your shot off to the side at longer distances. If you have a heavier bullet, the spin drift will be less with a higher twist rate. Think of a basketball spinning when it hits the floor and let the floor be the air surrounding the bullet. Friction will throw it to the side.
David Escalante Not doubting what you’re saying, but I have a question. Since the bullet is more or less suspended in the air, and making contact with only the air, wouldn’t the rotational friction with the air on all sides kind of cancel each other out? For instance, a bullet spinning clockwise viewed from behind.. at the bottom, that friction makes it want to go right, but on top that friction makes it want to go left. Then on right and left, one is propelling it up, the other down, etc. What is it that makes one influence the direction more than the others? Trying to wrap my head around the concept, can you explain in further detail?
I feel like my grand dad just educated me on shooting from his experience from NAM
It comes to pretty much the same thing. About the only way to get a heavier bullet for a given caliber is to make it longer.
Ginobili is Hickoks lost son
mystery solved, thanks hickok45!
thanks for the overview. I chose a 1:8 for my AR because it was middle of the road according to everybody's opinions. Very happy with my PSA build, I upgraded very few things, it doesn't look like a "desert storm" piece of equipment but it goes BOOM and hits a dime at 100 yards that's all I wanted it to do.
the 1 dislike is the kid that failed physics
Can someone tell me what they would recommend for someone's first all purpose AR-15? 1:7, 1:8 or 1:9? Thanks!
Ruger AR 556 1:8 Twist. Great starter for under $700.00 that will stabilize anything from 55gr to 77gr. Mine loves 69gr ...
They might have found out that the 240mm twist rate is more suitable to the 7.62mmR bullet. Or it might be a cost-saving measure since you said the AKM also has a 240mm twist rate. Now with similar machinery they can make both the SVD and AKM barrels.
once a physics teacher, always a physics teacher
Well, now a fast twist rate would cause any weight bullet to be more stable, I suppose, but it's more essential for the heavier / longer bullets.
That is a bolt for concrete. I can't believe you were on the range and didn't shoot anything!! Love the vids.
you should get about twenty red Elmos and put tanerite on them, then put them up on your hill range
1 in 8 - 5R The perfect twist rate for a modern AR
*THAT WAS CRISTAL CLEAR AND NEEDED TO BE HEARD.* *IT'S MORE ABOUT TWIST RATE FOR THE BULLET OF CHOICE--AND SOMETIMES, A NEW BARREL THAT'S FASTER WOULD MAKE A HUGE DIFFERENCE.* *HOWEVER, IT'S ALWAYS A GOOD IDEA TO CONSULT A CUSTOM RIFLE BARREL MANUFACTURE OR TWO. ;-)*
Hickok probably has a sweet jumper !
next video.... explains progressive twist rate ;)
it's for concrete
What?!?!? I watched the whole video and not a single rifle, shotgun, or pistol was shown!! And you had to resort to a slow-mo of the frisbie?!?! LOL!! Should have had John throw the firsbie and you shoot it with a 12 gauge!! Now THAT's entertainment!!
Not sure what that bolt is REALLY used for but 3 foot ones work really well for holding concrete Slabs down
Thats like saying learn the difference between torque and horsepower, one is required for the other... I'm not trying to teach you I don't care what you think you know... barrel length doesn't affect accuracy, GET OVER IT! Sure you can come up with a smart-assed way of rationalizing your point if it makes you sleep better at night...
a fast twist rate accelerates barrel wear and can also lead to overstabilization where the projectile tends to maintain the orientation it held when it left the barrel instead of pointing in the direction of travel as it follows it's ballistic trajectory (in other words, too high a twist rate can cause it to tumble or keyhole at long distances).
I can't believe I just saw you hit a target with a Frisbee. Not something I ever thought I'd see on one of your videos. Too funny! Just goes to show you, you never know what hickok45 will be doing on his vids. (By the way, nice basketball spin)
No! Quality, uniformity, and many other things affect a barrel's accuracy capability, length has nothing to do with it... of course a shorter barrel will cause more drop rate and wind drift due to a lower bullet velocity all else being equal...
I wasn't guessing, let me re-state... Barrel length has NOTHING to do with a firearm's accuracy. Decreased energy, more drop, and more wind drift which a shorter barrel will cause are not functions of accuracy!
I've got a .54 cal. flintlock with a 39'' barrel and the twist rate in my barrel is 1 in 65''.The barrel is made to shoot patched ball.It takes a much lower twist rate for the cloth to engage the riflings.
It is hotly debated, but most agree on these ballparks. For 5.56 1 in 7 for 62gr or better, 1 in 9 for lighter. For 308, 1 in 10 for 168gr or better, 1 in 12 for lighter.
It will tumble less when it hits a soft target. The 5.56 was designed to tumble when it hits a soft target. Over-stabilazation will make it tumble less.
You could play for the globe trotters 👍🏻👍🏻
It’s actually the length of the bullet that determines how fast it needs to spin to be stable… not the weight…
If you want a heavier bullet you can’t just make it fatter… duh… you have to either make it longer or use denser material because the diameter must remain the same…
Long story short… in any caliber… if your goal is long range performance… you need to shoot long heavy bullets relative to the caliber to get high ballistic coefficients which translate to performance down range… so you want a tighter twist barrel to stabilize those longer bullets…
A pistol bullet… no matter the weight… is short… pistols never have a very tight twist… there is no need…
A 140 grain 6.5 creedmore bullet that is effective to 1000 yards… or a 300 grain 338 lapua bullet effective to a mile are long slender bullets indeed and require tight twists to remain stable to those distances…
It’s all relative and generally not a major consideration until you begin to push the limits of range and bullet weight for a given caliber… that’s when the tighter twist comes into it’s own.
So, there's a difference between "length" and "weight"? Silly me; I'd have thought that given the same diameter that a longer bullet would mean a heavier bullet. :-)
Turns out... you can get a longer bullet that isn’t heavier but still requires a tight twist...
Barnes copper bullets would be a good example... long but light compared to lead core jacketed bullets.
Before your video I watched a guy who claimed there was no difference between 1:7 and 1:9 shooting 77 grain (heavy for caliber) AR-15 rounds.
But he was only testing at 100 yards... at 600 you’d see a difference.
Of course, different bullet material would make a difference. About all I shoot is lead. Given same material and same diameter, though, a longer bullet is going to be heavier, provided it's same shape.
You going to knob creek or court day this year @hickok45 ? I saw you out at knob creek last year, said hello and all that. Hope to see you out there again!
that other bolt has a nut for it. It is for concrete work so the threads don't get gummed up with dried concrete particles. Its for holding forms together.
Too shot frisbee! I understand twist rate, but does a faster twist like 1.7 require slower burning powder?
the number of threads on the bolt is the same number of turns it will take for the nut to come off 4:48
I forgot it was the other way around so I thought 1:12 means the bullet twists 12 times per inch and I was like "how the hell"
Sooo every time I watch you in my playlist it unsubscribe me from your channel for some reason
In that case the bullet couldn't go fast enough and the pressure would damage the rifling and blow up the barrel.
In Europe we call this dynamic feature "angular momentum" as force per dimension, weight and angular speed (not twist, but spin), given by objects that rotate and more heavier they are (plus aerodynamics, and so on), will tend to keep liniar trajectory as so. Now we go in high balistic science. Never forget Newton's first law. As more mass, more power is needed to change dynamic status. Nice presentation, Mr. Hickok, anyway. Sorry my English.
The bullet spins, the rifling has twist, that's why we use twist, because the barrel is the platform.
hey now. as a native of kentucky i can agree with that as a general rule, but there are some exeptions...lol
Good spin there, Wilt 'The Stilt' Hickock!
...realizing hickok is probably better at basketball and shooting than me... humbling moment indeed =P
Why do most manufacturers go with RH twist vs. LEFT. Just curious if you know anything as to why. THX.
hello sir, i am not an expert with AR-15 rifles, but i deal with AK rifles for quite a long time. just wanted to ask, faster twist rate is for heavier bullets or lighter ones? because, for example AK-74 is 5.45 mm and the bullet itself weights around 3.4 grams. twist rate of 415 mm barrel is 200 mm. on opposite AKM 7.62mm and around 7.9 gram bullet is launched through 240 mm twist rate 415mm barrel. SVD sniper rifle even had around 308 mm rifling but then switched to 240mm.sincerely from georgia
My brother and I were out shooting one day and he put close to 1000 rounds through his Walther P22 in a very short period of time (the barrel was so hot that lead was dripping out the muzzle). His grouping on a paper target went from tiny little .22lr "holes" to elongated "tears" because the .22lr ammo began "tumbling" caused by the loss of rifling in the barrel as lead built up in the grooves (accuracy dropped way down too).
Talking about AR15's: I have a hybrid AR I built with a 16 in barrel. I certainly am not shooting a 20" barrel, but I wanted my 16" to shoot as accurately as possible. US military contracts most of their .223 rounds with Lake City 62 grain rounds. I wanted my AR to shoot the same rounds,, and knowing that 62 gr is heavier than most 223 rounds, I put a BCM barrel with a 1:9 twist. Shoots pretty damn well.
Faster twist allows you to stabilize a longer bullet for a given diameter, in reality weight of the bullet is irrelevant, it all depends on the bullet length.
Of course in practice a longer bullet has more mass and thus weighs more.
So yes, generally speaking a heavier bullet requires a faster twist, but this is because it is longer, not heavier.
If you want to get really technical, muzzle velocity is also a factor on required twist to stabilize, but you could write a thesis on the subject.
Excellent synopsis of rifling and spin (gyroscopic) stabilization.
Needed rifling twist is determined by caliber-to-bullet length & bullet center-of-gravity. For example, a 2-caliber long .357 bullet will stabilize best with a 1:27" twist, while a 3-caliber long .357 bullet will need a 1:18" twist. A 2-caliber long .45 cal bullet will only need a 1:34" twist.
A nose-heavy, hollow-based bullet, such as a 58 Minie, will shoot very accurately in a slow round-ball twist of only 1:72".
A little elaboration on the twist rate for those who may wonder: weight distribution, not weight itself is the key to needing extensive rifling. Heavy, wide or rounded bullets need a bare minimum of rifling due to effective inertia generation; they nearly self-stabilize. The longer and thus, relatively -per mass-, thinner the bullet, the more rifling is needed. Those long, thin rifle spitzers? Yeah, they'll wobble and spin like crazy on their own, nearly to the point of L-turns.
500 turns to the inch is going to be nothing more than small concentric grooves .002 in. apart, kind of like the rough finish in the barrel of an inexpensive shotgun; fairly smooth, but definitly NOT rifiling! I hope that clears it up a little for you Caesar453, but if not, you can send me ANOTHER message telling this Tool & Die Maker/Gunsmith with 35+ yrs. experience how little I know about firearms...........................
Hey, no worries man, but I'll say it again. I'm really only talking about the foster slug itself. No rifling for the slug, or bore. Muzzle loaded by itself, would have turned the ubiquitous shotgun into a 'repeater', with a 400+ gr. monster slamming downrange. And yeah, in the Revolutionary War it would have been the only precision fired weapon. I thought the same sting after I posted. Also, the Henry rifle only saw limited use in the Civil War. It was expensive & had ammo logistics issues.
There is such a thing as a over-stabilized bullet. If your twist rate is too high, the bullet will resist the aerodynamic forces that cause it to tip over, and end up flying at an oblique angle during the latter half of its ballistic trajectory. Also, over-stabilized bullets have greater gyroscopic drift, which causes the bullet to veer of to one side.
Lastly, its not that heavier bullets need a higher twist rate; longer bullets do. It just so happens that heavier bullets tend to be longer.
Love the videos, lot's of great info.
Hate to be a critic but at 7:16 you said, "how many times that bullet spins per inch of travel" which confused me with your earlier explanation which begins at 3:55. If I understand right, the bullet spins only incrementally per inch of travel but a full revolution would be executed over several inches of travel?
Your videos are awesome, very fun and light without all the machismo and opinionated BS.
I subscribed and liked this video. You're the best!
You're a teacher (sorry, been a sub for awhile but just forgot) right? I'm sure you're a great one as is evidenced by this video.
I knew about twist rate and bullet spin before watching, but didn't graduate with a physics degree (computer science for me haha), so this might be wrong, but isn't the reason for a "faster" twist rate (e.g., 1:7 as opposed to a 1:9 for .223) due to the heavier bullet and therefore more force/twist needed to rotate it at roughly the same speed as a lighter bullet?
External ballistics is a VERY complicated subject, there are no simple answers. Every gun and every bullet is different. We generally begin sighting in at short ranges just to get on paper. Actually, the projectile begins to drop from the bore axis as soon as it exists the barrel. What's perceived as rise is the bullet crossing the line of sight. This happens twice in it's trajectory.
Not really. I'm left handed and have never felt this effect when shooting rifle. The larger the bullet, the more leverage it will have against the rifling. I've only noticed this is when shooting a 44 magnum revolver with a 300 grain bullet as fast as I dare push it (hot! REALLY HOT!!). Then the gun will twist to the right, away from my shooting hand. The gun is over my head by then and there was no way I'd lose control. Left or right should be of no concern when buying any firearm.
Yes, 1:7" is faster than 1:8". In terms of 223 barrels, 1:12" twist is still popular with hunters who shoot light bullets (we'll say 35-60 grains) at varmints. 1:9" twist is very common now as it will generally shoot bullets very well in the 45-70 grain range. Barrels with twists of 1:8", 1:7", and even 1:6.5" are optimal for shooting the long heavy match bullets at long distances (65 grains+ usually).
I'm talking about a foster slug for the shotgun, with its comparable inherent accuracy as demonstrated by Hickok45. The military was reluctant to shorten converted 'rifles' because of line tactics. But a 20" double barrel muzzle loaded 'shotty' with fosters, would have given more firepower in guerrilla fighting while closing with the enemy. As well as buck and ball versatility. Along side of the minie ball used for sniping.
@StaticPulse83
Good question. Actually 5.56 is your bullet. Ideal Twist rate for a bullet depends on the weight and shape of the bullet. Not whether or not if it is a .308 or 5.56.
1:9 is a a little over the middle twist rate for a 5.56.
The more middle would be a 1:8 twist rate. This twist rate works well with any weight (in grains) of 5.56mm
Like Hickok said, the heavier and more pointed the bullet such as rifle rounds the more twist you need.
The lighter and more rounded the bullet such as p
(my 2 cents).. I'd say not really, it seems to be a manufactures preference. My Sig and Contender barrels are left hand and Rugers are right. In addition to recoil, there will be a torque one way or the other when firing, JP make a completely left hand AR and the rifling is also cut for lefties. The general consensus is that you can not over stabilize a projectile. But light varmint bullets have been known to denigrate when fired at hight velocity in fast twist rifles.
The length of the bullet decides the twist rate. Or rather the bearing surface the bullet has.
If your twist rate is too high, it can rip the bullet apart, if it's too low, the bullet's tail end will end up trying to pass the nose.
Certain barrels can perform as if they have a faster twist than marked, or a slower than marked.
Armchairing it won't tell you anything, you'll have to get out and group the ammo at 150-300 yards to see if that load works in your gun.