The Westminster Mummy - An Embalmed Corpse from Medieval London

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 พ.ย. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 158

  • @RangersMavsCowboys
    @RangersMavsCowboys 2 ปีที่แล้ว +47

    You are a wealth of knowledge. Cheers from Las Vegas, NV. I stumbled upon your channel since the Queen’s funeral and have been hooked to your content. It is absolutely fascinating!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      Thank you Elliott, I am really pleased you enjoy it and glad you are hooked!!

    • @dianetheisen8664
      @dianetheisen8664 2 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      Me; too, from Michigan, USA 🇺🇸 ❗️

    • @jeffbaxter8770
      @jeffbaxter8770 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Me too. South Africa 🇿🇦

    • @christopherdrekr1078
      @christopherdrekr1078 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@jeffbaxter8770 😊

    • @kevinchambers1101
      @kevinchambers1101 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Me to from New Jersey, USA.

  • @nancytestani1470
    @nancytestani1470 2 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    Medieval History….Love It…

  • @marierowe5969
    @marierowe5969 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I love history ,your videos are wonderful .thankyou so much ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️

  • @UrbanbyDesignWendy
    @UrbanbyDesignWendy 2 ปีที่แล้ว +24

    I have always been fascinated with the burial practices of medieval times as well! Thank you so much for all your information.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      My pleasure.

    • @UrbanbyDesignWendy
      @UrbanbyDesignWendy 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@allanbarton I was just curious as to whether you have explored the Parish Church of St. Mary? Where the Spencer family are entombed.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@UrbanbyDesignWendy in Great Brington, no I have never been there - on my list. Apparently you can't get in the Spencer chapel, which is frustrating as the monuments are spectacular.

    • @UrbanbyDesignWendy
      @UrbanbyDesignWendy 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@allanbarton They look incredible! So much history locked behind those rod-iron fences. I had read up on some of the histories and it indicated that in the end, they did not bury the Princess of Wales there. You have to wonder though as the fence only went up after her death I believe. I hope one day you get to see it. I would love to see you do a video on that and the history of the Spencer family. They seem very fascinating. You have a wonderful gift.

  • @I-am-Veritas
    @I-am-Veritas ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Absolutely fascinating Allan 😊 Thank You for sharing this bit of knowledge.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @Boogledigs
    @Boogledigs 2 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    This was totally riveting. Thank you.

  • @orlando1a1
    @orlando1a1 2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    Thank you, Allan, for an enlightening and insightful video of a subject that, even at best, is hardly known. I leant something new today!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      That is super, I am glad you enjoyed it.

  • @annettewillis2797
    @annettewillis2797 2 ปีที่แล้ว +17

    Another fascinating and well presented and researched insight into the burial practices of medieval times. I also have been lucky enough to have found your channel since the Queen's funeral and am so glad I have! I really enjoy your presentations.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you so much for taking the time to comment - these things are really very fascinating.

    • @schalkieheine1373
      @schalkieheine1373 ปีที่แล้ว

      😂

  • @will2Collett
    @will2Collett 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Trasure found!!! It's nice to see a story of of connections. Thanks Bishop William for being organized like this. Nice and pleasant story, THANKS Mr Allan Barton. 👍

  • @lisaferrara8120
    @lisaferrara8120 2 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Fascinating. I enjoy how you present your material.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Thank you very much!

  • @Awilliams1982
    @Awilliams1982 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hello from Las Vegas, thank you for sharing your knowledge. Thank you for providing a space for people interested in embalming and preservation throughout time.

  • @aquageraniablue6990
    @aquageraniablue6990 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I love the music.

  • @jennil7797
    @jennil7797 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    All aspects of life (and death) of chemicals ages fascinate me. Laws and wars, not so much, except in that they too would have contributed to what happened to people as individuals.
    I just found your channel and enjoyed this. Can't wait to watch more.

  • @jupite1888
    @jupite1888 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Excellent. Pity that we learn so much from past ancestors but we do not replace items we take out like the sceptre in this case with another or similar so we respect their wishes and l am not religious. Thanks Allan

  • @JayArgonauts
    @JayArgonauts 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    If only one could travel back in time... unfortunately we cannot, however your excellent videos fill the void👌👌👌

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks Jay.

    • @dianetheisen8664
      @dianetheisen8664 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Jay Argonauts: that would be a trip I'd love to join.

  • @michealgillman7418
    @michealgillman7418 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks Alan.. absolutely fascinating as always!

  • @bethena1855
    @bethena1855 2 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Fascinating! I really enjoyed this.

  • @ceh5526
    @ceh5526 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    I watched this twice, at least, just for the phrase "pledget of tow". Thank you

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Ha, ha - it did make me laugh that one. How to get that phrase into everyday conversation, I wonder?

    • @engineerinnewyork
      @engineerinnewyork 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@allanbarton It's not easy, but I've already used the phrase twice this week, and it really impressed the ladies. By the way, I don't mean to be pedantic but I believe that "tow" is pronounced like "toe".

    • @dianetheisen8664
      @dianetheisen8664 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      ER, what is tow exactly❓️

    • @TinkerTaylor-zv1ml
      @TinkerTaylor-zv1ml 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      ​@@dianetheisen8664the fibers used in making rope, usually hemp.

  • @Sweetlyfe
    @Sweetlyfe 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    I just found your channel and subbed straight away, love history and have lived in the UK before for 3 years in London and near Brighton. Back in Australia now. Thanks for your interesting work.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      My pleasure and thanks for your kind comment Jacques.

  • @patbowman6723
    @patbowman6723 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Very interesting, I'm so glad I happened on this video. I will subscribe for sure. I got so much to catch up on and I can't wait.

  • @Lisette777
    @Lisette777 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Damn, but you are good, dude! love all you video contributions. You rock! 😁

  • @annfahy9089
    @annfahy9089 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Ah nice to see the face behind the voice😊

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      I am significantly less hairy than I was then!!!

  • @loriwatters8661
    @loriwatters8661 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Love your knowledge could watch for hours!

  • @bessofhardwick9311
    @bessofhardwick9311 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very interesting again. Thanks very much for making it.

  • @BeautifulBadandBizarre
    @BeautifulBadandBizarre 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Once again fascinating! Thank you!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you, I am really glad you enjoyed it!

  • @martinwarner1178
    @martinwarner1178 ปีที่แล้ว

    I have now watched number two video of your work Mr Barton, and getting more interested. Super work Sir. Peace be unto you.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you Martin, I'm really glad you have found your way to the channel.

  • @ande100
    @ande100 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I just found You and your fascinating topics. You have a new subscriber!

  • @stevedunn3113
    @stevedunn3113 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Another excellent video.

  • @jeffbaxter8770
    @jeffbaxter8770 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so very much for one of the best & informative posts ever! South Africa 🇿🇦

  • @user-dh8ve4ti2x
    @user-dh8ve4ti2x ปีที่แล้ว

    Loving all this information..thank you.

  • @carol.luna.stella
    @carol.luna.stella ปีที่แล้ว

    Love your content and presentation, thanks!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Glad you enjoyed it, thanks for watching!

  • @nadiabrook7871
    @nadiabrook7871 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    EXCELLENT video, Allan!!
    Where I live in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, we also have a chantry chapel!! I've been inside a few times for various events, and it's such a FASCINATING place!! Do you know how many chantry chapels are in the UK today?! 👍💚

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      Is this the one on the Bridge? A wonderful thing. There are a few bridge chantries, there is another in Derby. A lot of parish churches originally had chantries, this refers to the type of foundation in which a priest was employed permanently to sing mass for the soul of the dead benefactor. These might be houses in freestanding building, separate chapels, but also just at an altar in an aisle. I should do a video sometime on what chantries are.

    • @nadiabrook7871
      @nadiabrook7871 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@allanbarton Yes, it IS the one on the bridge!!

  • @kristibbradshaw
    @kristibbradshaw 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great tutorial. Thank you.

  • @nancytestani1470
    @nancytestani1470 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Amazing. Love the music.

  • @jldisme
    @jldisme 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very interesting! Thanks, Allan.

  • @juanelorriaga2840
    @juanelorriaga2840 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello from NYCi just stumbled upon your channel and great stuff and I like you go into detail keep on busting out vids

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks very much and welcome - glad you enjoyed what you've seen. Loads in my back catalogue and lots more to come.

  • @beckyboo5097
    @beckyboo5097 ปีที่แล้ว

    I love the track in the opening. I think it's called the old tower inn. I have listened to it 100 times over 😅 I'm kinda hooked on history now too, especially the war of the Roses 🌹

  • @Jo_Lori
    @Jo_Lori 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you, Allan!

  • @peggybrem2848
    @peggybrem2848 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Happy to have found your channel! The content is interesting & different.👍

  • @rodolfoayalajr.8589
    @rodolfoayalajr.8589 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for this educational video. Allen.

  • @christinewells-leddon9287
    @christinewells-leddon9287 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Outstanding! Interesting, informative and well presented. Thank you!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Glad you enjoyed it!

    • @christinewells-leddon9287
      @christinewells-leddon9287 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@allanbarton You are rapidly becoming a favorite...right along side Andrew Wallace Hadrill, Mary Beard, Joanne Fletcher and Tony Robinson. Bravo!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@christinewells-leddon9287 very esteemed company, I am honoured.

    • @christinewells-leddon9287
      @christinewells-leddon9287 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@allanbarton You do excellent work. Keep it up!

  • @bobbibuttons8730
    @bobbibuttons8730 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Loving your channel, I’m now binge watching as well as subscribing to your magazine. May I be pedantic, adipocere is pronounced adipoSere and not adipoChere. I do apologise.

  • @paulparsons4003
    @paulparsons4003 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very interesting and well-researched. Thank you

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for watching.

  • @pagalmasala
    @pagalmasala 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello, Allan! Came across your video just now. Very interesting channel you have. Cheers from Fayetteville Arkansas..

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks for watching, I'm glad you're enjoying my channel!

  • @teresat.6386
    @teresat.6386 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Very interesting! Thank you.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @deniseemond9263
    @deniseemond9263 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I so enjoyed this video. Thank you.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @happycommuter3523
    @happycommuter3523 ปีที่แล้ว

    Love this. So fascinating!

  • @ОльгаВикторовна-ц1ы
    @ОльгаВикторовна-ц1ы 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    It is So pleasant to listen to you. The video is perfect. Just brilliant❤

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      You are so kind, thank you.

  • @denisesudd5318
    @denisesudd5318 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Most informative as usual thanks again

  • @lindahouston5635
    @lindahouston5635 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great video! I really enjoyed it ❤

  • @gddecker
    @gddecker ปีที่แล้ว

    I love your work! Thanks! I've been enjoying receiving your magazine here in Illinois in the U.S. for several months. Would you please tell me what your theme music is? Thanks!

  • @seannot-telling9806
    @seannot-telling9806 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    So what became of the body after they were done investigating it? Thanks for the interesting topic.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      It was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey.

  • @jldrake3424
    @jldrake3424 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks, Allan.

  • @dianetheisen8664
    @dianetheisen8664 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Another interesting video 📹. Thanks.

  • @Windowswatcher
    @Windowswatcher 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How very interesting. You didn't mention, however, if the body/remains had been preserved anywhere, or if they were reburied somewhere else.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Yes they have Gill, they are now buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey.

  • @Wosiewose
    @Wosiewose 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very interesting! What is the name of the piece of music you use at the beginning and end?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      The Old Tower Inn - it is lovely.

  • @lillychevalierfox
    @lillychevalierfox 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    your videos are always so interesting

  • @annamcnarin
    @annamcnarin 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very nicely told!

  • @zettemueller4540
    @zettemueller4540 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The skeleton’s head looks like Mike Tyndall with his extremely twisted nose!!!!

  • @chococat9685
    @chococat9685 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    so interesting! thanks

  • @conemadam
    @conemadam ปีที่แล้ว

    Wonderful!!!!

  • @CaliWeHo
    @CaliWeHo 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Fascinating; thank you!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @beebee8018
    @beebee8018 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Does not quite feel comfortable knowing a body is just buried in the wall in a cloth. Using a coffin is what we are used to and these even look scary! Edited to add. I study Life and Death in Medieval times and this is very interesting. Thank you.

  • @michaelgoulding6609
    @michaelgoulding6609 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    most burials where the coffin is kept in a vault or tomb etc, the body will prob dry up, & turn mummyfied, cos the thing that decomposes the body in a normal grave is water, the coffin fills up with water from the moment the grave is filled in, esp in the uk, where it rains for more than half of every year

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yes, dry vault conditions help. Having buried a lot of people over the years I have buried quite a few in watery graves.

  • @triciaford1957
    @triciaford1957 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Excellent...Really 'up my street'

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad you enjoyed it 😊.

  • @sinnombre-xs9ub
    @sinnombre-xs9ub ปีที่แล้ว

    Love the publications

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว

      That's great to hear, thanks for watching!

  • @Svartalf14
    @Svartalf14 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wait, cerecloths were dipped in wax? was that the common way of shrouding the dead, or was it specifically a kind of shroud for the elite?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว +2

      This is elite treatment - most people were not preserved in this way.

    • @Svartalf14
      @Svartalf14 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@allanbarton Thanks

  • @Svartalf14
    @Svartalf14 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Is it really possible that a man of so common birth would have ended up in one of the very choicest places of the royal chapel? I'd have sworn some kind of royal blood would have been needed.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว +2

      It is really not unusual for churchmen, who were usually the only trusted servants of kings. In Westminster Abbey, John of Waltham, bishop of Salisbury (who was the son of a yeoman from Waltham in Lincolnshire) is buried under the floor of St Edward the Confessor's chapel - right next to king Edward I. In the case of Lyndwood, he founded a chapel in this place supporting additional priests - and as the founder would have had the right for burial here.

    • @Svartalf14
      @Svartalf14 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@allanbarton Thanks

  • @Justificus
    @Justificus ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I've a curiosity about the destruction of the monasteries under Henry VIII, and what appears to be little or no concern about the crypts and the bodies therein.
    Some documentaries report famous pre-Tudor persons burials are lost forever.
    Perhaps, that would be an interesting video or "where are they now"?

  • @eldrinod
    @eldrinod 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very factual, I enjoyed it 👍🏻

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Much obliged, glad you liked it!

  • @tessat338
    @tessat338 ปีที่แล้ว

    Allan, you look about two decades younger than I assumed that your were!

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว

      Ha, ha - now this is a dangerous game, as I don’t know how old you thought I was😂😂. I’m 46. This was filmed when I was two stone heavier and with rather more hair than I have now. 😂

  • @stephenburns3678
    @stephenburns3678 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you

  • @mgcocasal
    @mgcocasal 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Look at all those books!

  • @postscript67
    @postscript67 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Very interesting. What did they do with the body after concluding their examination? Was it reburied in the chapel or elsewhere and was there any attempt to re-wrap it?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      It was reburied in the north cloister walk of Westminster Abbey - there is a black ledger stone marking to spot. I think he was buried as it still wrapped.

    • @postscript67
      @postscript67 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@allanbarton Thank you.

    • @hollyhumbyrd3362
      @hollyhumbyrd3362 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Thanks for asking this question....I was wondering the same thing!

  • @robertabray-enhus3198
    @robertabray-enhus3198 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    English history,particularly medieval history,is fascinating to me.I’m from the US,it’s such a
    “young”country,
    compared to Britain and Europe,
    who have thousands of years of history,in each country and continent.
    Our history,as a country is only 247 years old.

  • @IntelligentMrToad
    @IntelligentMrToad 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Where is the body now?

  • @jzc7368
    @jzc7368 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This situation seems rather strange. If the people at that time did not want to honor his rank, then why the episcopal crosier? If they wanted to honor his rank, why didn't put any corresponding liturgical vestments on?Naked burials sound like some distant exotic or oriental custom, seemingly unheard of in Christian funerals.🤔

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Completely normal in this period in most of Christian Europe, most people were buried naked in a shroud from 1400 onwards.

    • @jzc7368
      @jzc7368 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@allanbarton I have always thought that it was common practice for laity to be enshrined in baptismal white robes (and everyday attire) and for clergy in vestments corresponding to their rank. Through your introduction, I gained new knowledge about that era, thank you very much.
      I have another question: From many of your videos, I noticed that english churches usually do not have a apse(ἀψίς), and the altar is directly connected to the flat east wall. Is this a consistent British tradition? Is there any reason?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@jzc7368 the flat end to the altar (the chancel) began to replace the apse at the end of the 12th century when windows started to get larger. Altars stopped being freestanding about that time too. It seems to be primarily to ensure there was plenty of light in the miserable English climate.

  • @princerupert6161
    @princerupert6161 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The misunderstanding surrounding 'he that believes in me, though he be dead, yet shall he live' has nothing to do with resurrection of the physical body. Its about the immortality of the soul. So? The obsession with preserving the body is a waste of time. Once the soul has left, there is really no coming back. Better to be cremated unless you don't mind being dug up on 'Time team'?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      The purpose is not eternal preservation, but to ensure the body is preserved throughout the long funeral obsequies in which the body was the focus often for many weeks. Christianity has always taught that the body is important and not just a carcass or temporary vessel for the soul.

  • @barumite
    @barumite 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    So where was he reburied?

  • @klhaldane
    @klhaldane ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm not as clear of hearing as I would like. Can you clarify for me if the body was in a wall cavity or under a floor?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  ปีที่แล้ว

      In a wall cavity below floor level.

    • @klhaldane
      @klhaldane ปีที่แล้ว

      @@allanbarton Thank you, that probably contributed to my confusion.

  • @JamesBoddie
    @JamesBoddie 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    What happened to the body after this examination? Was it returned to the chamber in the wall?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      It was reburied in the cloister of Westminster Abbey.

  • @uba51
    @uba51 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    What did they do with his body after it was discovered?

  • @kellyfinleybrown9313
    @kellyfinleybrown9313 ปีที่แล้ว

    ❤❤

  • @celiaparker6166
    @celiaparker6166 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Isn't burial under a bench a little odd for a distinguished royal servant? Wouldn't you expect a tomb chest and effigy?

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Deeply odd, the building was so battered by use as the House of Commons that there may have been a monument that has been lost. There is no evidence of one and his will doesn't mention the commission of one. It has to be him though, the treatment of the body, crozier and location make it impossible to be anyone else. He is the only person known to have been buried in this space.

  • @mercoid
    @mercoid 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Mummy

  • @alyu1129
    @alyu1129 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Allan , how about dressing like a curator. It's called Branding man.

    • @allanbarton
      @allanbarton  2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Ha, ha- thank you but I might stick to being myself.

  • @deborahbrottmiller2948
    @deborahbrottmiller2948 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Fascinating-thank you

  • @dorothysutton5162
    @dorothysutton5162 8 หลายเดือนก่อน