We make pinned comments for clarifications or corrections. Some updated versions of textbooks are using a more detailed definition of molecular sequences making up the centromere - which means that when you have a chromosome with replicated chromatids - you could consider it to have two centromeres (one per sister chromatid) although they are bound together in a region. Many textbooks still refer to a single centromere on a chromosome with two fully attached sister chromatids - as they are considering the complex where the centromeres are attached - and then they show fully separated sister chromatids with their own centromere. While we have done this as well by illustrating one centromere per eukaryotic chromosome, we think it is important to understand this complex is where they are joined with cohesin in the case of sister chromatids - as well as also understanding how the definition of centromere has changed. You can see a conversation about this here: twitter.com/AmoebaSisters/status/1192621868605419520 It would have been better for us to have said "centromere region" - and again, when sister chromatids are attached at the centromere region, it is still counted as one chromosome. If we update this video, we'll probably feature this information about the centromere and we'd like to improve our drawing to show the bound centromeres. -------- Other things to note: just as we mention in our video about Punnett squares with sex-linked traits, we want to add this here too: there is more detail to sex determination than just sex chromosomes and more combinations possible than XX and XY combinations. We have some further reading links you can check out linked in the other video and we also want to paste in some of the examples from that description here: XXY: www.genome.gov/Genetic-Disorders/Klinefelter-Syndrome XYY: medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/47xyy-syndrome/ X: www.genome.gov/Genetic-Disorders/Turner-Syndrome Info about SRY gene & also conditions related to variants in SRY gene: medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/sry/ -------- We appreciate the comment that there was a point in the video where one of our chromosomes had sister chromatids that didn't match in our illustration! It has been corrected. (Sister chromatids should be identical) -------- This is not our only playlist about chromosomes- we have a heredity playlist here! th-cam.com/play/PLwL0Myd7Dk1FVxYPO_bVbk8oOD5EZ2o5W.html Also, you can find resources that go with our videos here www.amoebasisters.com/handouts
@@badenclosson8195 so you would need a karyotype - for example - to confirm that you had a trisomy, or maybe a monosomy or things like that, also to check for other types of mutations
perhaps you didn't listen in those 50 minutes. I use these videos in class often. But there is no denying that students don't always pay attention in class. Many of my students love these videos, and many have asked me not to show them as they understand my way of explaining better - I now use both formats to hopefully reach more students.
I've got to say...I began biology at the start of this year and absolutely dreaded it! Just recently I found the Amoeba Sisters and found biology more entertaining and found myself wanting to learn more. This channel has done a phenomenal job helping people understand complex studies and teaching in a family-friendly environment. Keep up the great work!
I have a final today. These videos have helped me immensely to gain an idea of what’s going on, then my required readings make more sense than they would had I not found this channel. The drawings are also great. Thank you.
I have been struggling with the whole cell phase in general and genetics with chromosomes and Karyotypes. Your videos have helped me so much this semester because you easily explain everything in a very simplistic way that makes sense and is clear to understand! I am so grateful for you guys, thank you so much for your amazing videos!
Thank you SOOO much for this!!! I have literally spend my entire life trying to figure out why two sister chromatids are still a chromosome, and you explained it so simply. These videos are the best!
I'm a teacher and this video made me so happy. Really appreciate all the hard work you've put here to give quality education to all students of biology :-)
I always felt bad for searching videos like these on the internet as a high schooler since my classmates are so smart, but seeing college and uni students also search these kind of videos really cheer me up ❤❤ thanks for ur very helpful videos
I love your videos. I am actually taking a Human Heredity class and this helps a lot. I am a visual learner so this is perfect and much nicer than powerpoints!
I already knew all of this, but I'm gonna compliment on a very good video! Very easy to understand explanations about how all of this works and how to understand it, that someone who didn't know much about it before could follow along. A perfect video to show kids in school, and from the comments it looks like plenty of teachers have!
I'm not really good at writing in English so my comment í going to be written in Vietnamese😅 Em là một học sinh lớp 9 tại Việt Nam. Tại nước em, các học sinh lớp 9 sẽ tham gia vào kì thi học sinh giỏi về 1 bộ môn mình yêu thích và em chọn môn sinh học. Thật may mắn làm sao khi em đã đậu quận và được dự thi vòng thành phố. Và ngày thi thành phố ấy chỉ còn 12 tiếng nữa là đến rồi. Tìm thấy một kênh youtube giải thích cặn kẽ, dễ hiểu và dễ thương về Sinh học đã giúp em bớt lo lắng và thoải mái hơn rất nhiều. Trên hết, em còn được tổng hợp tất cả kiến thúc về sinh học phân tử nữa chứ. Thank you, Amoeba Sister❤❤❤❤
THANK YOU x 1 000 000 for addressing the annoying tendency of showing chromosomes only as they exist after DNA replication and not how they are "most of the time" in the cell. Thank you for all your excellent video content.
you are trully incredible, i am sure that almost 90% of students dont undestand de graphic of the karyotype because the problem on the counting of chromosomes, you have clear a doubt that i have had for years, thanks
These were the exact doubts I was having since many years and I didn't get answer in any one of the youtube videos but I got it from you so thank you so much
I actually stumbled upon this channel by accident, but I'm SO glad I did. You explain stuff SO much better than my college Biology teacher. Subscribed! P.S. I love the animations
I am from Costa Rica, and i am teacher of sciences. I really think it are the better videos for to teach sciences tha i have seen in my live. Really GOOD JOB !!! You are a geniuse. I am sorry for my english, in reality i dont know this languaje.
Thank you so much!! Pinky got to visit Costa Rica for the first time this June. Such a beautiful country with so much biodiversity - we love Costa Rica!! We wish you a wonderful school year!
I am a neet aspirants and can u believe me..bec of these online classes I can't understand a word but if I do score good in neet I am definitely gonna recommend others of this channel..this channel deserves so much more ❤️
Great work Ma'am! After spending more than 4 days on internet I found this kind of video exactly explaining my queries. Thanks a ton! I thought only I was having these kind of doubts regarding no. of chromatids during metaphase and issues with 2n chromosome. This become further difficult to understand when you are not a bio student. Excellent work again! Thanks a lot!
A i study Veterinary Medicine and finally after my Maturita and Exams for to get to Vet i finally undestand Kryotype. Thank you very much for simplify the topic for absulotelly dumb people like me
thank you so much for this video..... I have been always confused about chromosomes for years..Our teacher don't pick up common misconceptions...but you did..It was really helpful !!! :)))))
Dude,this makes studying biology even more fun because of this illustrations. I'm studying Cytogenetics,Anatomy & Physio, Bio-chemistry and Bio-statistics because University are mostly online now. Pdf's makes me sleepy sometimes.
i love the way u share ur stories with us, and it makes me happy we both had the same misconceptions. plus the way u teach is so enthusiastic. u don't sound dead or like a robot and speak really slowly and it helps me process the informations. sending lots of love :)
This is the video I really need to solve my problem. I was sooooo confused about the numbers of chromosomes. But one thing I'd like to add is the reason after the duplicated chromosome is still consided one chromosome is because it still contains only one set of infomation. ( read it from our textbook.) Thanks Amoeba Sisters. This really helps
I used to have the exact misunderstanding about the shape of chromosomes as yours!!!! That's why your videos are so great. You do know what students are confusing about while teachers think everything should be easy to get.
ABSOLUTELY!!!...ABSOLUTELY!!! LOVE YOUR VIDEOS. you wouldn't believe the amt of difficulties I went through regarding this representation of chromosomes in karyotype. thank you for existing🥰🥰
When you account for 1/3rd of cell biology and arguably 50% of genetics in a single simple video. Is is the likes of you who make education more fun and interesting.
Thank you guys so much! I'm starting reading materials from a high school book, but a lot of the information is confusing or partial. Just like the way they described chromosomes!
Wauw THANK YOU, I did not understand how to read this karyotype at all, I thought that the pair's where the sisters for way to long.... This video rocks!
I was really confused before this video but now i am feeling like a free bird ........ You made my day i was low because of the topic.........you made it really simple and....you solved my all doubt in just one video........ Love from a neet assperent
Well, this cleared a very annoying miss conception that i had, which was a huge problem for me when i was trying to understand cells division processes, my miss conception was to think that, a normal body cell, out of all division process, has 46 chromosomes that have 2 chromatides each, well i was wrong, because that's just a photograph taken in metaphase, in which chromosomes are duplicated already!! So, a normal cell has 46 chromosomes which all are represented by a single lonely chromatide, and your video help me understand that! Tyvm
Why did my college book not know how to explain this? In fact, it did not show any pictures when explaining chromosomes. But this helped so much! Honestly, my favorite video, especially seeing the part where it says "What's going on?" because I felt the same way for a whole hour until I saw this video.
It looks like you're the only one that understands my confusions and misconception. I had a lot of confusion regarding these monad and dyad chromosomes. You solved it, as always. Oh! I am in love with you 😍😍. Thanks a lot.
Thanks a lot, Ameoba sisters. I can't explain in words how much I have benefited, Now only I understood fully about Chromosome and chromatid count. very nice explanation
We make pinned comments for clarifications or corrections. Some updated versions of textbooks are using a more detailed definition of molecular sequences making up the centromere - which means that when you have a chromosome with replicated chromatids - you could consider it to have two centromeres (one per sister chromatid) although they are bound together in a region. Many textbooks still refer to a single centromere on a chromosome with two fully attached sister chromatids - as they are considering the complex where the centromeres are attached - and then they show fully separated sister chromatids with their own centromere. While we have done this as well by illustrating one centromere per eukaryotic chromosome, we think it is important to understand this complex is where they are joined with cohesin in the case of sister chromatids - as well as also understanding how the definition of centromere has changed. You can see a conversation about this here: twitter.com/AmoebaSisters/status/1192621868605419520 It would have been better for us to have said "centromere region" - and again, when sister chromatids are attached at the centromere region, it is still counted as one chromosome. If we update this video, we'll probably feature this information about the centromere and we'd like to improve our drawing to show the bound centromeres.
--------
Other things to note: just as we mention in our video about Punnett squares with sex-linked traits, we want to add this here too: there is more detail to sex determination than just sex chromosomes and more combinations possible than XX and XY combinations. We have some further reading links you can check out linked in the other video and we also want to paste in some of the examples from that description here:
XXY: www.genome.gov/Genetic-Disorders/Klinefelter-Syndrome
XYY: medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/47xyy-syndrome/
X: www.genome.gov/Genetic-Disorders/Turner-Syndrome
Info about SRY gene & also conditions related to variants in SRY gene:
medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/sry/
--------
We appreciate the comment that there was a point in the video where one of our chromosomes had sister chromatids that didn't match in our illustration! It has been corrected. (Sister chromatids should be identical)
--------
This is not our only playlist about chromosomes- we have a heredity playlist here! th-cam.com/play/PLwL0Myd7Dk1FVxYPO_bVbk8oOD5EZ2o5W.html Also, you can find resources that go with our videos here www.amoebasisters.com/handouts
Did you guys fix the video ? I can't see any difference (except the highlight) in those chromatids .
I love your videos but i have to keep pausing and rewinding to think because it's too fast.😥
? 0
Amoeba sisters and crash course are literally the reason im making it through college!!
@@ashwikasingh4967 same
class 10th boards
And ninja nerdddd
I am a 5th year medical student .. karyotyping was always confusing me ..and i was so shy to ask my professors ...thank u for clarifying this
So then maybe you can help clarify it to me... a karyotype is the shape of the chromosomes or how they look?
@@badenclosson8195 A karyotype is a chart that shows the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.
@@badenclosson8195 so you would need a karyotype - for example - to confirm that you had a trisomy, or maybe a monosomy or things like that, also to check for other types of mutations
Is it important to study cytology in medical?
shouldve got it down by 9th grade freshman year, like i did. *smirks
When a 7-minute youtube video teaches you more than your teacher can in 50 minutes
Facts
Not 50 minutes, make it 2 months
fr
perhaps you didn't listen in those 50 minutes. I use these videos in class often. But there is no denying that students don't always pay attention in class. Many of my students love these videos, and many have asked me not to show them as they understand my way of explaining better - I now use both formats to hopefully reach more students.
Stating the truth there
My teacher makes his salary off these videos
butter than having salary while she/he is setting in the chair
DNDwiggins 😂 me too
😂😂😂😂😂
Especially now bro since quarantine
@@jakegonski4591 Learning an entire bio unit from the Amoeba sisters lmao
Amoeba Sisters University... I would attend. Y'all have taught me so much I might as well get my degree from y'all instead
Tessa SAME
LITERALLY
I've got to say...I began biology at the start of this year and absolutely dreaded it! Just recently I found the Amoeba Sisters and found biology more entertaining and found myself wanting to learn more. This channel has done a phenomenal job helping people understand complex studies and teaching in a family-friendly environment. Keep up the great work!
Ikr!
My teacher plays your videos in class whenever we start a new topic
Im Legit
mines too
Im Legit same
me as teacher lol
if only every teacher did lmao but nah instead we gotta listen to dum lectures that boring and uneducating af lmao
@@sanctuary6054 if im a teacher ever imma give a list of youtube videos i used to learn from on the topic so even if im shit they always have youtube
I really love how simplified yet accurate and fun these videos always are. Thank you.
I have a final today. These videos have helped me immensely to gain an idea of what’s going on, then my required readings make more sense than they would had I not found this channel. The drawings are also great. Thank you.
I have been struggling with the whole cell phase in general and genetics with chromosomes and Karyotypes. Your videos have helped me so much this semester because you easily explain everything in a very simplistic way that makes sense and is clear to understand! I am so grateful for you guys, thank you so much for your amazing videos!
Thank you SOOO much for this!!! I have literally spend my entire life trying to figure out why two sister chromatids are still a chromosome, and you explained it so simply. These videos are the best!
Thank you! I ironically have my test on this in... about 40 minutes. Quick and easy to understand review! Life saver♡
Stargazorlily how did it go?
how did it go lmao
Its good
Ayo how did it go?
how did it go?
In this pandemic,you've come as a TH-cam angel to save lives,,thank you
God I cannot put in words how much I love your videos! They help me understand complicated concepts so much! Please never stop making such videos!
So i found this channel..
AND IT’S LIKE STUMBLING ON A GOLD MINE!!
YIPEE!!!!!
I owe you my degree
I'm a teacher and this video made me so happy. Really appreciate all the hard work you've put here to give quality education to all students of biology :-)
I've literally done all of my exam revision with youtube...
When a video teaches you more than your teacher does
It's been an 1hour since I discovered this channel.....and now I am a fan .
GREAT WORK AMOEBA SISTERS
I always felt bad for searching videos like these on the internet as a high schooler since my classmates are so smart, but seeing college and uni students also search these kind of videos really cheer me up ❤❤ thanks for ur very helpful videos
my teachers would explain this lesson in like 50 minutes. it's insane how you explained everything so well in just 7 minutes
I have never laughed so hard to an educational video. I died when it started talking about eyes making stomach acid. This channel is awesome. XD
I love your videos. I am actually taking a Human Heredity class and this helps a lot. I am a visual learner so this is perfect and much nicer than powerpoints!
I already knew all of this, but I'm gonna compliment on a very good video! Very easy to understand explanations about how all of this works and how to understand it, that someone who didn't know much about it before could follow along. A perfect video to show kids in school, and from the comments it looks like plenty of teachers have!
I like these videos 10x better than Crash Course
Man, both are great
I don't know why a lot of y'all want to make everything a competition... both are amazing in their own way.
watching this for my bio final in 3 days. literally life saving
I'm not really good at writing in English so my comment í going to be written in Vietnamese😅 Em là một học sinh lớp 9 tại Việt Nam. Tại nước em, các học sinh lớp 9 sẽ tham gia vào kì thi học sinh giỏi về 1 bộ môn mình yêu thích và em chọn môn sinh học. Thật may mắn làm sao khi em đã đậu quận và được dự thi vòng thành phố. Và ngày thi thành phố ấy chỉ còn 12 tiếng nữa là đến rồi. Tìm thấy một kênh youtube giải thích cặn kẽ, dễ hiểu và dễ thương về Sinh học đã giúp em bớt lo lắng và thoải mái hơn rất nhiều. Trên hết, em còn được tổng hợp tất cả kiến thúc về sinh học phân tử nữa chứ. Thank you, Amoeba Sister❤❤❤❤
THANK YOU x 1 000 000 for addressing the annoying tendency of showing chromosomes only as they exist after DNA replication and not how they are "most of the time" in the cell. Thank you for all your excellent video content.
Just got to say amoeba sisters is saving my life🙏
woah, you literally single handedly made me invested into biology, great stuff!
this was super helpful! Im a very visual learner and my professor is all talkie and no pictures. I needed this
you are trully incredible, i am sure that almost 90% of students dont undestand de graphic of the karyotype because the problem on the counting of chromosomes, you have clear a doubt that i have had for years, thanks
These were the exact doubts I was having since many years and I didn't get answer in any one of the youtube videos but I got it from you so thank you so much
I actually stumbled upon this channel by accident, but I'm SO glad I did. You explain stuff SO much better than my college Biology teacher. Subscribed!
P.S. I love the animations
hey @ryan emery, are you a college student? like you mean UNI? & if you don't mind me asking can I know what are you studying?
First to not say "I got this channel from my class"🤣🤣🤣
I finally found a video that explains this subject perfectly! Thank you!
GOD. You totally understand the questions that made me so confused.
University professors should adopt your videos to play in lectures.
Hooray for the Amoeba Sisters! My students love you.
I am from Costa Rica, and i am teacher of sciences. I really think it are the better videos for to teach sciences tha i have seen in my live. Really GOOD JOB !!! You are a geniuse. I am sorry for my english, in reality i dont know this languaje.
Thank you so much!! Pinky got to visit Costa Rica for the first time this June. Such a beautiful country with so much biodiversity - we love Costa Rica!! We wish you a wonderful school year!
This is the most useful channel existed in history of youtube!!!!! I wish this can expand to different topics. Either way, keep up the good work!!!!!
I am a neet aspirants and can u believe me..bec of these online classes I can't understand a word but if I do score good in neet I am definitely gonna recommend others of this channel..this channel deserves so much more ❤️
Thank you! You hit all of the things that have confused me throughout my biology classes (like when things are called chromosomes vs. chromatids)!
Great work Ma'am! After spending more than 4 days on internet I found this kind of video exactly explaining my queries. Thanks a ton! I thought only I was having these kind of doubts regarding no. of chromatids during metaphase and issues with 2n chromosome. This become further difficult to understand when you are not a bio student. Excellent work again! Thanks a lot!
i’m too adhd to focus in class these things save my life thank you so much
Today began my personal journey of learning more about DNA coding. Thank you for creating videos of which are easy to watch, follow, and understand.
My teacher plays your videos in class. Great channel and a quick and easy to learn.
I have watched this entire play list a good 5 times now
Me stumbling across this channel like
I was looking for help..
But friggn found the Amoeba Sisters
dis do be the best discovery ive ever made
A i study Veterinary Medicine and finally after my Maturita and Exams for to get to Vet i finally undestand Kryotype. Thank you very much for simplify the topic for absulotelly dumb people like me
thank you so much for this video..... I have been always confused about chromosomes for years..Our teacher don't pick up common misconceptions...but you did..It was really helpful !!! :)))))
Best explanation I have found on this subject.
Dude,this makes studying biology even more fun because of this illustrations. I'm studying Cytogenetics,Anatomy & Physio, Bio-chemistry and Bio-statistics because University are mostly online now. Pdf's makes me sleepy sometimes.
Me watching these videos just 2hrs before my exam, such lifesaver
i love the way u share ur stories with us, and it makes me happy we both had the same misconceptions. plus the way u teach is so enthusiastic. u don't sound dead or like a robot and speak really slowly and it helps me process the informations. sending lots of love :)
This is the video I really need to solve my problem. I was sooooo confused about the numbers of chromosomes. But one thing I'd like to add is the reason after the duplicated chromosome is still consided one chromosome is because it still contains only one set of infomation. ( read it from our textbook.) Thanks Amoeba Sisters. This really helps
Love your videos amoeba sisters you just cleared all my confusions about chromosomes
Love your channel and teaching style
May Allah bless you ❤❤❤❤❤
Everyone of these videos I watch, I always write new ones down. Thank you, amoeba sisters!😊
OMGGG, finally, chromsomes and chromatids MADE SENSE!!!.
Thank youuuuu
ugh thank you. I was so confused why karyotypes only showed one chromatid!!
I used to have the exact misunderstanding about the shape of chromosomes as yours!!!! That's why your videos are so great. You do know what students are confusing about while teachers think everything should be easy to get.
This video explained me everything way better than my german biology teacher in 6 hours
Thank you for these videos Amoeba Sisters! They really help me with my Biology Class. 😊
i litterally love you, i was so confused about chromosomes and chromatids and this popped up
ABSOLUTELY!!!...ABSOLUTELY!!! LOVE YOUR VIDEOS. you wouldn't believe the amt of difficulties I went through regarding this representation of chromosomes in karyotype. thank you for existing🥰🥰
When you account for 1/3rd of cell biology and arguably 50% of genetics in a single simple video. Is is the likes of you who make education more fun and interesting.
this is so fun to watch while learning, the illustration itself is so helpful to visualise and understand while it also gives entertainment.
Thank you guys so much!
I'm starting reading materials from a high school book, but a lot of the information is confusing or partial. Just like the way they described chromosomes!
This video explained so much in a short amount of time and was easy to understand.Thank you
I really love this channel, very unique, simple way of explaining biology
Wauw THANK YOU, I did not understand how to read this karyotype at all, I thought that the pair's where the sisters for way to long.... This video rocks!
I was really confused before this video but now i am feeling like a free bird ........ You made my day i was low because of the topic.........you made it really simple and....you solved my all doubt in just one video........
Love from a neet assperent
Well, this cleared a very annoying miss conception that i had, which was a huge problem for me when i was trying to understand cells division processes, my miss conception was to think that, a normal body cell, out of all division process, has 46 chromosomes that have 2 chromatides each, well i was wrong, because that's just a photograph taken in metaphase, in which chromosomes are duplicated already!! So, a normal cell has 46 chromosomes which all are represented by a single lonely chromatide, and your video help me understand that! Tyvm
You ladies are amazing!!! Thank you Thank you! I’m a teacher and this really helps me better explain to my students!!!
Amazingly explained chromosomes and how they are counted! Thanks so much!
Why did my college book not know how to explain this? In fact, it did not show any pictures when explaining chromosomes. But this helped so much! Honestly, my favorite video, especially seeing the part where it says "What's going on?" because I felt the same way for a whole hour until I saw this video.
Thanks I have a test on this next week and u really helped me out on the studying!
HAND DOWN IT IS THE BEST VIDEO I HAVE EVER SEEN IN MY ENTIRE LIFE
This was the most important video ever
This video rocks!! thank you guys this is exactly the information I need for my bio exam! :D
It looks like you're the only one that understands my confusions and misconception. I had a lot of confusion regarding these monad and dyad chromosomes. You solved it, as always.
Oh! I am in love with you 😍😍.
Thanks a lot.
thats wierd
I have you on Notification, but it didn't tell me about this or any of your other videos :-(
(/cries)
Anyway, cool video, loved it!
2:50 I LITERALLY CAN'T BE THANKFUL ENOUGH THAT WAS THR WHOLE POINT OF ME WATCHING VIDEOS ABT CHROMOSOMES TSYMMMMMM
Thank you!!! This really helped to clear up a lot of confusion about chromosome shape.
Y’all are literally saving me
Mel and I found this content very helpful!
these animations are top-tier damn
4:02 I am so thankful for this!!! My god you're my hero
Thankuuuuuuu , for so long I was confused between chromatids & chromosomes 🙏🙏🙏
This channel is simply THE BEST!!!!
Remember when watching a video was so amazing in class and now we’re all at home
Thanks a lot, Ameoba sisters. I can't explain in words how much I have benefited, Now only I understood fully about Chromosome and chromatid count. very nice explanation
This cleared up some stuff that profs say in really dumb ways, thanks!
your videos are very informative. specially when you talk about misconceptions.
i just love you ♥ you answered all my questions that no one did before
Thank you so much for these videos. The explanations and animations are great. They have helped me better understand my human genetics class.
love these videos. thanks for clearing up some things for me in a fun and enjoyable way! keep it up!
Love you from the bottom of my heart . 😍😍got this clear after a long time
GENETICS GENETICS AYEAYE I LOVE YOU AMOEBA SISTERS YOU MAKE ME GROWN AND INSPIRATON
who at home doing this because the coronavirus
I LOVE YOU GUYS, THIS VIDEO READ MY MIND. IM HONESTLY IN AWE