Endocrinology | Hypothalamus: Anterior Pituitary Connection

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 10 ก.ย. 2024
  • Official Ninja Nerd Website: ninjanerd.org
    Ninja Nerds!
    During this lecture we will be concluding our two part series on the hypothalamus pituitary connection. During this lecture, Professor Zach Murphy will be discussing the connection between the anterior pituitary gland and the hypothalamus, along with the hormones that are involved. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
    References:
    ● Le T, Bhushan V, Sochat M, Chavda Y, Zureick A. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2018. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2017
    ● Marieb EN, Hoehn K. Anatomy & Physiology. Hoboken, NJ: Pearson; 2020.
    ● Boron WF, Boulpaep EL. Medical Physiology.; 2017.
    ● Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2). McGraw-Hill Education / Medical; 2018
    ● Hall JE, Hall ME. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021
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    #ninjanerd #Hypothalamus #Endocrinology

ความคิดเห็น • 173

  • @ScottMortensen1
    @ScottMortensen1 3 ปีที่แล้ว +350

    What the actual F? I am very smart. So are my professors. This guy does laps around us all. He is a national treasure. No doubt, the best instructor I’ve ever had. Billion dollar Treasure this man right here.

    • @owoeyepaul8995
      @owoeyepaul8995 2 ปีที่แล้ว +22

      🤝International treasure

    • @namataswabrah8477
      @namataswabrah8477 2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      not just national but an international treasure...we love you and thanks alot

    • @idimogumarycynthia6930
      @idimogumarycynthia6930 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@owoeyepaul8995 qqqq

  • @roronoazoro3204
    @roronoazoro3204 2 ปีที่แล้ว +78

    No one affected my life as much as Zach
    He has increased my productivity so much
    I’m so used to his explanation technique that today when my professor was explaining this subject he wasn’t explaining bad but I knew what I was missing which is an explanation which is not only reading slides and showing pictures but it’s drawing and explaining the drawing step by step then show me the whole picture that ease the remembering of what he has been explaining for me since the first minute unlike the slides which when the professor was explaining the third slide I had already forgotten what was explained in the first slide.
    Thank you thank you thank you zach❤

    • @hassaanharoon2140
      @hassaanharoon2140 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      hope he can correct your sense of direction, Zoro....

  • @alexandraandronik7479
    @alexandraandronik7479 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    Please, don’t stop making these videos!!! You are king of teaching

  • @raenashaikh3377
    @raenashaikh3377 3 ปีที่แล้ว +36

    Now that I have seen a couple of your videos, I can assert that you maintain a fantastic quality of information and teaching style in your lectures!!! Immensely helpful to everyone interested in human hormonal mechanisms.
    Thanks a lot for your efforts and sharing this video!

  • @IamAyOG
    @IamAyOG 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Got a test today and have been listening to these videos and it helps everything in between. My professor is super smart but you’re super smart and make it easier to understand. Great explanations and communication.

  • @jasec619
    @jasec619 5 ปีที่แล้ว +22

    I too am a medical student. Your videos single handedly got me an A on one of my tests

  • @DrHosam24
    @DrHosam24 3 ปีที่แล้ว +31

    I love your amazing videos. My diploma should say graduated from Ninja Nerd University!
    A small suggestion that would make this perfect is adding captions. I and most my friends like to listen to your videos at 1.5x or 2x speed and it's great but some of the names become difficult to make out. Another reason is me having a photographic memory so seeing the word in captions makes it stick.
    Keep up the good work! You're helping countless students not die of stress!

    • @owoeyepaul8995
      @owoeyepaul8995 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Looking forward to NINJA NERD UNIVERSITY

    • @tarikn.g.dabbous3323
      @tarikn.g.dabbous3323 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      That's correct. Ninja Nerd University >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> med schools out there. lol

  • @mohammadyaqoob7576
    @mohammadyaqoob7576 4 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    U have stimulated my whole endocrine system with ur lectures
    U r amazing
    Myself an anesthesiologist..
    R u a doctor???

  • @sarahsdeal
    @sarahsdeal 6 ปีที่แล้ว +50

    what do you do? these videos are incredible!!! holding my hand through school!

    • @NinjaNerdOfficial
      @NinjaNerdOfficial  6 ปีที่แล้ว +20

      +Sarah H. We are so happy to hear that Sarah! Keep on studying and tell your class mates!

  • @bhawnasharma7635
    @bhawnasharma7635 3 ปีที่แล้ว +24

    During breast feeding, prolactin secretion is increased......so breast feeding and estrogen should inhibit the release of PIH...right?? Then the sign must be negative
    By the way.....great explanation sir...lots of love and respect from India

    • @nikolaognjenovic743
      @nikolaognjenovic743 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thats what I thought too

    • @JokermanMaria
      @JokermanMaria 2 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      I think he meant that breastfeeding, estrogen leveles, birth controls leveles are stimulating the production of prolactin.You are right, there should be a negative sign on the effect of dopamine secretion

    • @thejoyofstudying5408
      @thejoyofstudying5408 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      yeah zach was talking about prolactin so yeah the sign should be negative

  • @vln1985
    @vln1985 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Amazing explanations... We are lucky to have these lectures on medical topics from an expert teacher like you..

  • @user-rl5bi5lz5d
    @user-rl5bi5lz5d 5 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Amazing you are really a thing ... thank u so much 🌸
    I’m a medical student and ur videos always save me before exams

  • @paulinepainvin258
    @paulinepainvin258 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    you are a genius; Everything is so much clearer with you ! Please Never stop, you are the best med university 🤩

  • @mosesnchimunya8136
    @mosesnchimunya8136 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I can't compare you with my lecturers,you are a Ninja Nerd indeed,thanks alot.

  • @Nina-mz7cq
    @Nina-mz7cq 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Your videos help me so much studying physiology ! I got 8.9/10 at my first partial, hoping to do as good or better for the second one !

  • @user-zu1dm2my4i
    @user-zu1dm2my4i ปีที่แล้ว

    You are a hero! The best teacher I have ever had (I am into my second master's degree in Nursing) and you are the best there is! THANK YOU!

  • @irfanullah-uk3ks
    @irfanullah-uk3ks 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    I am proud of your hard effort for student.Amazing lectures Sir.

  • @2YKSS2N
    @2YKSS2N 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    thank you for sticking through the whole process of making this video

  • @simasarevic823
    @simasarevic823 6 ปีที่แล้ว +27

    Dude when Zach starts talking about the inhibiting versions of hypothalamic hormones, the sound of the video doesn't match the visual. But a couple of seconds later it's fixed.

    • @harshitapandit206
      @harshitapandit206 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      lol thanks for this comment,i thought im having some kind of visual error! XD

  • @echexgenny4058
    @echexgenny4058 ปีที่แล้ว

    Woow ,after a long time of hustling to understand hypothalamus,guy broke it down in just an hour.i appreciate @ ninja nerds great work really🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉

  • @user-kf9qs8ls3b
    @user-kf9qs8ls3b ปีที่แล้ว +1

    فدوة لربك ع هذا الشرح

  • @AnitaCorbett
    @AnitaCorbett 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Beautifully presented - clear - interesting- MEMORABLE 🥇✅ Thank you

  • @suzanagjidiaj1470
    @suzanagjidiaj1470 2 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Why does the preoptic nucleus look like Madam Hooch, the flying instructor at Hogwarts 😭

  • @sacchrine_
    @sacchrine_ 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Isa kang alamat!
    Love from Philippines ❤

  • @Meraa455
    @Meraa455 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Subhan Allah ❤️🥰
    So beautiful 💚💚😇

  • @ViolaMaster
    @ViolaMaster 3 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    There is a typo @14:45, breastfeeding inhibits Dopamine release because Dopamine inhibits Prolactin, otherwise great video, thanks!

    • @t4_2g
      @t4_2g ปีที่แล้ว

      What about estrogen and bc pills?

    • @ViolaMaster
      @ViolaMaster ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@t4_2g Estrogen will stimulate the Anterior Pituitary to release prolactin for breastfeeding. However, once it reaches so high, the prolactin will actually inhibit GNRH from releasing FSH and LH, essentially negative feedback. This explains why it's harder (but not impossible!) to become pregnant again while breastfeeding d/t anovulation. As for OCPs, it depends on the type and concentration of estrogen/progesterone/progestin.

    • @honeybellebuzlucay5867
      @honeybellebuzlucay5867 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I was thinking the same, thank you!

    • @ViolaMaster
      @ViolaMaster ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@honeybellebuzlucay5867 no problem! 🙂

  • @pragatigupta8094
    @pragatigupta8094 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Amazing way of explanation...love from India🇮🇳

  • @shairyjd
    @shairyjd ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm so glad I found this video. Really helps visualize and better understand the research paper I was reading about the HPA axis

  • @ruling_2844
    @ruling_2844 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I wanna be say thankss a lot to you. I am a vet student so ı have limited sources and my profs cannot tell the lecture cleary . Their slides is so confucing source so because of this that uni life is like a hell to me before ı met your chanel . Thanks a lottt ❤ videos are about more human medicine but some basics is same . That part is enough to me for a beginner or maybe intermadiate level to this major.

  • @rozhinarazavian8392
    @rozhinarazavian8392 ปีที่แล้ว

    The part that you muted the original sound and put your voice again on video was kinda interesting. Thank you for your videos. You make this world a bit better. :)

  • @Mssclark
    @Mssclark 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    You have a gift. Thank you for this sir🙏🏽

  • @pelmanyabocho2947
    @pelmanyabocho2947 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank youu

  • @aashishchaudhary4620
    @aashishchaudhary4620 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    GnRH IS Released by preoptic nucleus or arcuate nucleus.. i found on one book that it is released by arcuate nucleus.. i get confused please clarify me sir?

  • @troybonner91
    @troybonner91 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    11:20 "Thought we wouldn't notice. But we did." - Tony Stark
    Great video! You're helping me ace my A&P classes, sir.

    • @kameliasali9639
      @kameliasali9639 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      I thought that something was wrong with my laptop lol

  • @ayushibhardwaj7929
    @ayushibhardwaj7929 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you🤗 very nice lecture you cleared my concept on NPO
    Only suggestion plz give us time to take screenshot at the end

  • @DaveBuikema
    @DaveBuikema 6 ปีที่แล้ว +35

    Wouldn't breastfeeding, high estrogen levels, and birth control pills, all inhibit PIH release?

    • @ahmadarabiat4333
      @ahmadarabiat4333 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Dave Buikema right ?!?! I checked that 1000 times 😓😓😓

    • @med8615
      @med8615 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      right?

    • @edilbertoramos3045
      @edilbertoramos3045 5 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      If PIH is inhibited prolactin is produced w/c is necessary for milk production. Therefore, breastfeeding can inhibit PIH because breastfeeding promotes prolactin release.
      Estrogen & Combined Birth Control Pills can inhibit milk production. Which means they can trigger PIH.

    • @thefenerbahcesk4156
      @thefenerbahcesk4156 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@edilbertoramos3045 Estrogen inhibits milk production? Also if their breastfeeding, wouldn't they need more milk (not less)?

    • @saroabd4437
      @saroabd4437 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      He said they can influence PIH. That means either inhibit or stimulate.

  • @colmkelly8978
    @colmkelly8978 5 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    I think the analysis at the end may be misleading at 15:05 , you said breastfeeding increases PIH which isn’t a secondary stimulus

    • @DannyJay-dz7xj
      @DannyJay-dz7xj 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      i was thinking the same thing, thank you for pointing that out!

  • @josetrujillo738
    @josetrujillo738 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank You Zach! Thank You Rob and Kristen!

  • @ciaralama
    @ciaralama 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very effective lecture.....love from Nepal,🇳🇵🇳🇵🇳🇵🇳🇵

  • @zahraaalani3890
    @zahraaalani3890 ปีที่แล้ว

    Zach should be put in a museum

  • @HCEI
    @HCEI 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is really good! I have just seen this today and I'm impressed.💯

  • @Salvietem
    @Salvietem 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    this is my favorite youtube channel ❤ ❤

  • @drjerry1492
    @drjerry1492 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Easy,
    To the point & interesting lecture...Thanku soo much sir .. God bless u 👍

  • @jshtaway1
    @jshtaway1 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Can you please give us a screen of the finished white board so we can screenshot what we've learned to help us remember!!!

  • @kekhrievorsuohu1827
    @kekhrievorsuohu1827 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    We have Jr Najeeb here 👍👍👍

  • @vaishnavigolwala9860
    @vaishnavigolwala9860 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Really the incredible videos this are... Thnk u so much for teaching in such a wonderful manner... This really makes all the concepts crystal clear.. Thnk u really a lot. .

  • @yasminali7578
    @yasminali7578 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I’m a little confused, this video is second in the playlist series.... but It seems like you’re continuing off from another video. So this can’t be the second video in your endocrinology playlist series. Can you link me the previous video of where you seem to be continuing off from?

    • @NinjaNerdOfficial
      @NinjaNerdOfficial  6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      +Yasmin Ali hypothalamus-posterior pituitary connection

    • @NinjaNerdOfficial
      @NinjaNerdOfficial  6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      th-cam.com/video/13yGwDAvbQI/w-d-xo.html
      It is in the correct order now, thanks

    • @yasminali7578
      @yasminali7578 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Ninja Nerd Science thanks so much!

    • @ettubashirtaiwo6206
      @ettubashirtaiwo6206 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes, there's a video on posterior pituitary gland before this.

  • @armina.a
    @armina.a 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you so much! you are the best ❤ BTW those neurons are sooo funny and cute!❤

  • @akshayraj2920
    @akshayraj2920 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Love From INDIA

  • @dr.notsostrange9449
    @dr.notsostrange9449 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Love your lectures !! Thank you sooo much

  • @wicterwterr4245
    @wicterwterr4245 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Boom! Another topic on finger tips.

  • @riyanbabar8416
    @riyanbabar8416 ปีที่แล้ว

    Phenomenal lecture 👌

  • @ydelge1614
    @ydelge1614 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    You are amazing!!! Thank you so much; make med school so much easier🙌❤

  • @rowlandwickramathilaka2516
    @rowlandwickramathilaka2516 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    love from sri lanka !!!!!!!!

  • @hamzehyacoub8575
    @hamzehyacoub8575 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hi! thank you..
    how can breast feeding stimulate Dopamine which decreases milk?!
    you wrote it has a + feedback on PIH (Dopamine)

    • @SanyuAEWhite
      @SanyuAEWhite 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      So, take my words with a grain of salt, but I believe what he was saying is that normal levels of Dopamine inhibit the lactotropes. So normally, there is a low level of prolactin in the body. BUT, when there is a low level of dopamine, the lacotropes are no longer being inhibited, and so they produce higher levels of prolactin. Which I believe is why women commonly experience the "baby blues" at around day 4 or 5 of thier baby's life, because this is when the thick, fatty, colostrum transitions into white breastmilk. Breastfeeding and nipple stimulation also increases the production of Oxytocin, the "cuddle hormone" or bonding hormone.

  • @hashimshaban2367
    @hashimshaban2367 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    U r a science wizard 🙌💕🙏💥✨👑💫 doctor

  • @niazwali8169
    @niazwali8169 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    amazing sir g ur the best medical teacher and Dr we creates more subscriber for u sir

  • @dennishead7290
    @dennishead7290 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Spectacular!

  • @2YKSS2N
    @2YKSS2N 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    you are the best

  • @jemimahcansancio1249
    @jemimahcansancio1249 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hello may i ask what references you use for your lectures?

  • @gesund6275
    @gesund6275 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for the video, but you didn´t mention what stimulates the GnRH
    Cheers

  • @tonystarkim9288
    @tonystarkim9288 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    thanks sir

  • @user-oe9nc9ex1w
    @user-oe9nc9ex1w 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    you are really helpful, thank you !!!!!!

  • @victoriagoetz9002
    @victoriagoetz9002 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    awesome thanks ninja nerd

  • @moonlight8854
    @moonlight8854 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excuse me, doesn't breastfeeding inhibit PIH?

  • @georgepaul6240
    @georgepaul6240 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Excellent video

  • @naierafathy9102
    @naierafathy9102 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Alright, we're moving 5:58 ❤❤❤

  • @manarosman452
    @manarosman452 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank u sourabh

  • @hamdlaraib6221
    @hamdlaraib6221 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wonderful

  • @learningdesire9740
    @learningdesire9740 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you sir ❤

  • @user-vr7yd8zy5x
    @user-vr7yd8zy5x 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Isn't breastfeeding, birth control pills meant to inhibit dopamine so prolactin can be released. Love your videos btw.

  • @codrut913
    @codrut913 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    YOU are best bro !!!!

  • @learn2789
    @learn2789 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Amazing , thank u so much boss 🌹❤️

  • @ayoungperson3408
    @ayoungperson3408 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Genesis is to music what you are to Physiology simply supreme

  • @lakshmankumar1263
    @lakshmankumar1263 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    In your previous video u said its arcuate which does releasing factors and inhibitory factors and now u turn to pvn

  • @josetrujillo738
    @josetrujillo738 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sweet Deal!

  • @sajateacher
    @sajateacher 4 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    You can tell how old I am when I hear "What does GNRH stand for?" and I immediately think, "Guns 'N' Roses Hormone"...

  • @musakhanmedicalenginee890
    @musakhanmedicalenginee890 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks sir ,buy i have question,, I'm confused, anterior pituitary gland have different types of cells? because you(sir) say this specific signal which come from hypothalamus to stimulate that specific type of cell ,to secret that specific Harmon

    • @lukasschopf374
      @lukasschopf374 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes, in the anterior pituitary, there are different cell types that produce the respective hormones and also have receptors to respond to corresponding releasing and inhibiting hormones:
      - Somatotrophs produce and secrete growth hormone (GH).
      - Lactotrophs produce and secrete prolactin (PRL).
      - Thyrotrophs produce and secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
      - Corticotrophs produce and secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

  • @mananchawda
    @mananchawda 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    great video ...

  • @ahmedhussainijs
    @ahmedhussainijs 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    where there are inhibitory versions of each hormone, shouldn't there also be a releasing version of Prolactin inhibitory hormone(dopamine?)

  • @alaaelshiekh4516
    @alaaelshiekh4516 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanx man

  • @amryosry4910
    @amryosry4910 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    excellant!

  • @usamakhan5679
    @usamakhan5679 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks, sir

  • @muneerbhaiyat9777
    @muneerbhaiyat9777 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Do you have a video on positive and negative feedback?

  • @niazwali8169
    @niazwali8169 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    but i have a question to ask sir what other activities do u do especially in hospital

  • @TheUlumpa
    @TheUlumpa 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Anterior pituitary #1

  • @ranipatidar353
    @ranipatidar353 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir is gonadotropin releasing harmone relase from pre optic nucleus or arcuate nucleus?

  • @abdiwelimohamedali3164
    @abdiwelimohamedali3164 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome

  • @elenagisellebarajasrojas1233
    @elenagisellebarajasrojas1233 ปีที่แล้ว

    i loveee your videos, thank you so much. I have one question, isn't somatostatin secreted in the paraventricular nucleus? 🤔

  • @syedrizwan960
    @syedrizwan960 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Please can you do other physiology lectures like on GIT and brain and netvouse system please please

  • @drumarhayatofficial1735
    @drumarhayatofficial1735 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir you don't mention anterior nucleus in supra optic reagion.

  • @mokhalils
    @mokhalils 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    thanks for making our life easier
    I wish that Allah will guide you to Islam

  • @adilmajeed5256
    @adilmajeed5256 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Is there any role of supraoptic nucleus in the stimulation of TRH

  • @Mission-Omega.
    @Mission-Omega. 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    TnQ sir♥

  • @16borabora
    @16borabora 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hormone check plus male blood test results:can Graves' disease cause this ? Dhea :11.500(0.44-13.40)
    Follicle stim hormone:4.17(1.50-12.40)
    Luteinising hormone:3.63(1.70-8.60)
    Total testosterone:17.1(7.60-31.40)
    Free testosterone calculated:0.247(0.30-1.00)
    SHBG :57.7(16.00-55.00)
    Free androgen index:29.64(24.00-104.00)
    17 beta oestradiol:76.8( 41.00-159.00) symptoms:low mood ,low libido ,anxiety...I was diagnosed Graves' disease 2008'..

  • @kaustubhjyotidutta
    @kaustubhjyotidutta 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    My request is after you done drawing step aside for a sec so that I can take a screenshot please and thank you

  • @caitlynnichols3632
    @caitlynnichols3632 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    What is the difference between the follicle stimulating hormone and the luteinizing hormone?

    • @NinjaNerdOfficial
      @NinjaNerdOfficial  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Caitlyn Nichols hello! Check out our video on the ovarian cycle in the reproductive playlist.

    • @caitlynnichols3632
      @caitlynnichols3632 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      thank you :)

  • @fakihaahsan4699
    @fakihaahsan4699 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    amazingggggggggg

  • @404sdn
    @404sdn ปีที่แล้ว

    Can we get the notes of this topic sir…?

  • @AnilKumar-tc4ne
    @AnilKumar-tc4ne 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    ❤️❤️❤️