Osteoarthritis of knee joint causes, diagnosis and treatment

Osteoarthritis of knee joint is very common age related condition that is caused by increased wear and tear of articular cartilage and menisci.
Knee joint is formed by articulation of femur, tibia and patella.
There are articular cartilage and menisci between articular surfaces of bones.
Function of these are as shock absorber and prevent friction of bones.
Due to aging process, inflammatory and traumatic conditions there was increased wear and tear of these protective structures.
Osteoarthritis is caused by wear and tear of these structures.
Stages of osteoarthritis of knee joints :
1) Stage 0 - Normal healthy knee joint.
2) Stage 1 - Minimal disruption of articular cartilage and less then 10% cartilage loss.
3) Stage 2 - Joint space narrowing, cartilage breakdown and occurrence of osteophytes
4) Stage 3 - Moderate reduction of joint space and cartilage breakdown reaches upto bone.
5) Stage 4 - Joint space greatly reduced and large osteophytes formation.
Causes of osteoarthritis of knee joints are
1) Obesity
2) Inflammatory conditions
3) Trauma and sports related injuries
4) Occupational hazards
Symptoms of osteoarthritis of knee joint are
1) Swelling of knee joint is first symptom
2) Difficulty in cross leg sitting and squatting
3) With increased severity patient develops difficulty in walking and daily living activities
4) In gross osteoarthritis of knee joint patient develops visible deformity at knee joint.
Diagnosis of osteoarthritis of knee joint is clinical.
Patient advice for standing x ray of knee joint to know stage of osteoarthritis and to plan treatment according to it.
In rare case doctor advice for MRI.
Treatment of osteoarthritis of knee joint is
In initial stage doctor advices for NSAIDS and cartilage regenerative medicines.
In all cases doctor advices for physiotherapy of knee joint.
In moderate severity doctor advices for lubricant intraarticular injection in form of hyluronic acid.
In severe cases doctor advices for partial and total knee replacement surgery.
00:00 - Introduction
00:15 - Anatomy of knee joint
01:00 Stages of osteoarthritis of knee joint
02:00 - Causes of osteoarthritis of knee joint
02:38 - Symptoms of osteoarthritis of knee joint
03:27 - Diagnosis of osteoarthritis of knee joint
03:57 - Treatment of osteoarthritis of knee joint
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