How to use UEFI | Every other YouTube video is WRONG!
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.พ. 2019
- In this video, I go over UEFI and what it is, how to use it, and if your installation is UEFI enabled.
Attribution:
Linus Tech Tips: • BIOS and UEFI As Fast ...
PowerCert Animation Vids: • BIOS, CMOS, UEFI - Wha...
Chris Titus Tech Bios vs UEFI: • UEFI vs Legacy BIOS Bo...
BTNHD: • Difference Between BIO... .
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4:45 suggested method by M$, in command prompt: reg query HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control /v PEFirmwareType (return code: 0x1 -> BIOS; if 0x2 -> UEFI). Another way is check output of bcdedit (Vista+) command...
9:44 in theory yes, MBR partition entries has relative sector and number of sectors so you can reach size ~4 TiB (512B sectors) but this is very risky and could cause data corruption by software with internal 32-bit calculations.
Myszka - under W10Pro, that req query string doesn't work.
@@davybloggs1564 It doesn't matter if it's "Pro", "Home" or another edition because as registry value name suggests: "PEFirmwareType" is PE (Preinstalled Environment) specific thing. Before querying registry you must instruct WinPE to update his registry with this command: wpeutil UpdateBootInfo
Under (installed) "W10Pro" you can check "BIOS mode" (UEFI or Legacy) in msinfo32; by checking bcdedit output; looking in Disk Management at partition types on your boot drive; etc.
@@myszkaagresorka3506 so just to make things clear i can install os on drive larger than 4 tb as long as the partition is less than 2tb with mbr while with gpt i have no suc problem? Is gpt and mbr a feature of os or bios?
@@georgesmith3022 MBR is a feature of BIOS. (And UEFI in CSM mode.) GPT is a feature of UEFI. Both are features of the OS. For example, Windows 7 does not support UEFI, so if you have UEFI you have to use CSM mode.
@@georgesmith3022 You can do that but Windows 10 can't update an MBR installation anymore. I got the problem and had to change to GPT to be able to update to version 190x.
As someone who can't get my arch install working because of UEFI, and nobody wants to explain it, just give a command without any explanation, thank you. I've seen your videos occasionally, but this wins my subscription. Looking forward to more content!
4:53 - Windows Installer will be displayed in native resolution, with additional DPI scaling, where in Legacy Mode it's in low resolution, 4:3 stretched.
This is actually the very first time commenting on a video or any other web content for that matter. Since I'm currently trying to get a hold of the boot process (specifically the Linux boot process), I wanted to thank you for the great information and the way you laid it out with the accurate terminology for the subject.
The main difference between classic BIOS and UEFI is that regular BIOS can only read MBR partitioned drives. Regular BIOS also only reads the first sector (512bytes) and if it is not a boot sector it will try the next device. Now UEFI can read gpt fat32 formatted drives and can boot from ANY partition or folder on the drive (via UEFI console), although boot files are usually stored in EFI folder on the root of boot drive. UEFI reads a file with EFI extension.
Note, some laptops that have both legacy BIOS and UEFI, may have a problem with certain Media button controls if the system is forced into UEFI mode only. Dell laptops drove me crazy for weeks trying to figure out why the volume buttons would not work. Had to enable both Legacy BIOS and UEFI, even though it was on GPT and booting into UEFI, the media key's would not work unless both were enabled.
Note that if you have an odd setup (most common probably on installs from 4 years ago or thereabouts), the efivars module might not be loaded automatically at boot (or might not be included in the kernel), even if you are running an EFI system. A more reliable method is right after boot to run `dmesg | grep -i efi` and look at the output. The first line will usually indicate both that it *is* efi and the EFI version and vendor in the case that it's an EFI system (usually will be "EFI v2.xx by American Megatrends" or similar).
A years old Win10 installation can even be converted from legacy to UEFI with a couple of recovery console commands. Done that
can you provide me those commands i am unable to convert from MBR to GPT
It says following when i run mbr2gpt.exe command :
MBR2GPT: Attempting to convert disk 0
MBR2GPT: Retrieving layout of disk
MBR2GPT: Validating layout, disk sector size is: 512 bytes
Disk layout validation failed for disk 0
Hi Chris, great info, I was asking this question on Big Daddy Linux Live a couple of days ago and they sent me your way, the reason I was asking is that I'm using PureOS and it doesn't have UEFI support and I really wanted to install it to my main system, it seems it's nothing to do with security, but mainly eye candy and disk size so I'm ok with that. One thing I've noticed is that when you call up your boot selection menu (F8 or F12 etc) in some cases it will name the usb (EFI USB and some name) or (USB and some name -- Legacy mode) thanks for the video!
Idea for a next video: what is secure boot, which OS-es support it? What is the relation to UEFI? What if you linux distribution does not support it?
Latest Linux distro use a shim bootloader
@@beezanteeum that's compatible with a secure boot enabled computer right
@@powerpc64
Yes,
Except: Arch or any of it's forks like Steam OS, Manjaro, Artix, etc.
@@beezanteeum Secure boot will only work in UEFI. It will not work with legacy uefi. So it will be a requirement for windows 11 I guess.
@@harvester7578
That's my point, but not all Linux Distro with UEFI support, has a shim loader
Just look at Arch and their derivatives, they support UEFI, but you must sign your own EFI bootloader or build your own shim loader
Just the clarity and accuracy I needed to succeed. Thanks!
Tip in case useful: The only way I know of booting to Windows 10 on an NVMe M2 drive on a PCIe bus with a MB that doesn't supported booting to such a drive and bus is to:
• Put Windows 10 iso on a USB memory key using Rufus (GPT / UEFI (non CSM) / FAT32).
• Put the Clover bootloader files on a different USB memory key formatted with a single FAT32 partition. Make an NVMe driver available (there are web pages on how to do this - essentially copy the NVMe driver from the "off" folder to both the "BIOS" and "UEFI" folders, all in the "\EFI\CLOVER\drivers" folder structure).
• Make the NVMe drive GPT from within an existing OS. I used "MiniTool Partition Wizard".
• Boot to Clover.
• Install a UEFI installation of Windows on that drive from Clover. I did this by dropping to the UEFI command line and running "efi\boot\bootx64.efi". I think you can instead copy that file (e.g. from within a booted OS) to \efi\microsoft\boot and rename it as bootmgfw.efi, and also rename cdboot.efi in that folder to cdboot.efi.bak
Awesome video! Once again you take a seemingly obvious and mundane topic and make it very interesting, while clarifying the confusion and misinformation espoused by other TH-camrs. Well done! But is it true that UEFI is limited to 9.44 billion terabytes of storage? The CRC32 support is nice, but the limited storage is a real deal breaker for me. I need trillions of terabytes! Also, you need to warn us if you’re going to be showing a clip from Linus Tech Tips. His voice is rather jarring after hearing your voice. I winced a little. Really glad you don’t do all the obnoxious TH-cam gimmicks like other tech channels do. Keep doing it the Chris Titus Tech way! Cheers!
Sure hope Linus Media Group doesn't issue a copyright strike against Chris for the use of 20s of video!
@Appalling68 Oh no, don't steal my $0.50 cents of ad revenue! Lol, I don't care if they do, I needed to show how it is presented in other videos so folks understand that GPT is really what allows the 2TB+ drive partitions. Linus wasn't wrong per say, its just how it was presented made it seem like UEFI was the solution when GPT is.
@Mitchel Valentino LOL, funny you say this, as when I was editing I was like ahhh... I added a gain filter to decrease his volume by 50% so it made his clip quieter than the rest... HAHAHA.
I'm still confused. This video needs diagrams.
Probably should of done it like this
*BIOS* (Legacy or UEFI) >>> *Bootloader* (Legacy or UEFI) >>> *Installation Media* (Can ONLY install the TYPE of system it is BOOTED from)
@@ChrisTitusTech With this in mind, I rewatched your video and it is much clearer now. I missed the distinction between the ROM and Bootloader.
Yup, it is very confusing and a very hard topic to cover. Glad that cleared it up for you.
What Chris has not made plain as day here is that Apples implementation of the Extensible Firmware Interface is actually contained on a small 100mb boot partition of the computer hard drive itself and is not contained in resident flashable ROM as is the scenario on a PC. A Mac has no directly addressable BIOS as such and merely a few TPM enabler chips on the mobo itself. Universal Extensible Firmware Interface is a hybrid of both traditional BIOS and EFI hence the 'Universal' moniker. Indeed to make Mac OS boot on generic intel hardware as in the case of an Hackintosh you need to create a bootable EFI partition installation with a piece of sofware called 'Chameleon bootloader' or 'Clover' to enable this pre boot environment that Mac OS requires. In practice it is a bit more complicated than this as older BIOS only mobos often require a special bespoke crafted DSDT file that enables the EFI instruction set to handshake with the legacy BIOS. If you ever intend to go down the hackintosh route check out the Tony Mac OSX86 Hardware Compatibility Lists (HCLs) and choose a more current UEFI model that is fully supported and you will save yourself a lot of grief and heartache this way. It is a truism to say that if your mobo supports UEFI out of the box it is more 'vanilla' and henceforth more hackintoshable by its very nature. Editing and compiling DSDT file translation tables is not for the technologically inept or faint of heart.
Can you explain this to me? I have mouse control in my BIOS (which should indicate UEFI), my C: drive is MBR, but when I load msinfo, my BIOS mode says "Legacy" I'm really confused about this. I don't know what I'm using. Since my PC is under a month old and the hardware is new (not old), shouldn't I be using GPT/UEFI?
Aaarrrggghhh!!! I stumbled upon this vid today and wished I had it last week when I did my first UEFI install. I looked all over YT for a vid that would explain it and eventually figured out how to do it. This would have made it much simpler. Good job!
efibootmgr can indeed change the boot order. It can also add and remove boot loaders. Fastest startup time (and better security if you deal with signing the image in a password protected bios) is to directly use the linux kernel as your boot loader, skipping Grub or similar. Doing that involves setting up the boot entry via efibootmgr.
Thx. Helpful to know more about efibootmgr.
Unlike MBR, a GPT disk also lets you have greater than 4 primary partitions, in fact up to 128 primary partitions.. I think all TH-camrs neglet to mention this fundamental difference as well.
Chris, thank you for the informative video. I would like to add that I have just recently installed Linux Mint with ZFS as the file system, and it has accepted a 4 TB HDD and is functioning very well with only legacy bios.
Thank you! I'll go through your videos one by one. There's a lot of useful information in there. Thank you!
It still leaves me with questions - though you do say how to make sure you get UEFI at install time, is there any way (perhaps only after migrating all the drives to GPT) to migrate to UEFI from Legacy? (I'm running a Debian system)
You are correct that the maximum number that can be written in the partition size field is 2TB, but the start address is similarly limited. This means that MBR cannot support drives over 4 TB-1, and support for drives over 2 TB is not guaranteed (some old systems, especially 32 bit ones, don't expand the data structure size when reading the disk in memory, which can lead to undefined behavior if they try to write logical->physical address translations). Carving the disk into smaller partition sizes doesn't actually help with this limitation.
Just one question, the EFI partition that gets created, does it need to be formatted while doing a fresh install of the OS, or can be kept the way it is. I know its kind of late for this video, but would be really helpful to get a response.
There is also difference in language used BIOS mainly coded in Assembly and UEFI coded in C++. UEFI is more optimized in code because it's newer and offers more security.
Thanks for all the hard work u put in your videos!! I loved when u showed ur videoclip 😂😂!
That said, I think there's another reason to go UEFI and that is the bootscreen! Cause with EFIboot u r able to see the bootscreen in the full resolution and not some 4:3 crap. If u want u can also change the Windows logo at bootup by changing it in the (UEFI-)BIOS...
Thank you for the clarification and update. It is appreciated that you researched further to correct yourself because the smaller details matter in tech. :)
z
Thanks! excellent video :-)
that GPT vs legacy HD partition *size* (as in - chop up a 6tb into 2tb partitions) was something i was wondering about (gpt clashes with my current backup strategy)
I use gpt in legacy bios mode
4:06"...I believe I can actually change...." that does not strike confidence.
I followed your video titled "Minimal Windows 10 Install | ISO Creation, Setup, and Config
", and there was a part in there that states "you will need to disable secure boot"... I have watched some videos (including yours) on how to do this, but in my ASUS BIOS (Crosshair V Formula MB which I use UEFI mode, so I don't think it is too old), or am I missing something because I don't have a "Security" tab, nor in my "boot" tab do I see anything on Secure Boot. Now what I was going to try is, disabling Legacy USB (it has auto also) and Legacy USB 3 and then attempt to boot and install W. 10 from my USB 3 flash drive... And yes, My new SSD that I will be installing W. 10 on is set to GPT... We'll see... Any suggestions? Thanks Chris.
Thx ! I have never heard any Eggspurt explanation that made any sense to any normal nonenhanced Earthling ! I look forward to many more vids by you & will allocate funds to support your work ! You show me that many of my dollars were indeed wasted going to computer shops with techs that knew less than nothing when compared to either you or amateur me !
As for Windows 10 afaik, when creating the partitions for the system, you should see four of them for UEFI and two for Legacy BIOS.
I've noticed some of my installs of W10 Pro have 3 partitions, some 4. The PC I'm using right now had an SSD with 3 partitions. It is a UEFI BIOS as reported in msinfo32.
Might be worth making another video talking about bios boot partitions and the bios_grub flag need to boot GPT formatted hard drives in legacy mode. The thing that I don't understand is how to use UEFI on raid 1, 6 etc systems so you can boot from any of the HDs
My grub always complains to me because I have my boot partition raided. HPUX used UEFI way back before 2006. When using software raid it raided the boot partition and you could set UEFI to boot one first and if it failed go to the next.
Would be interesting to hear more about using UEFI on Raid 1, 6 etc.
Your explanation is very clear and straightforward.
Thank you.
BTW, The antivirus app has detected a UEFI issue, but the antivirus app can't remove the UEFI detected thing. What to do... Do you have any knowledge or recommended tools ?
Question for you CTT, I have a Thinkpad t530 uefi only bios locked laptop ( bought used that way ) and installed MX Linux 19.2 on it with a Rufus GPT usb installer. Worked fine all is good, now I want to add a Msata in the wwan slot with Linux Mint as a second OS, would I need to install ( efibootmgr ) you talked about in this video before or after to the existing OS Mx Linux before I try to install the Mint to the Msata drive, so the ufibootmgr will see and show the Mint OS ready to boot. Any reply would be appreciated. I have been using Linux/Ubuntu for a decade or more but always had Legacy boot mode to deal with, the uefi only is really new and tricky for me to deal with. Again any reply appreciated.
For any UEFI-capable OS install media, the easiest way to make sure you're installing in UEFI mode is to get into the 'BIOS' boot menu and it will likely have 2 listings for the media...one w/ "UEFI: " or "(UEFI) " or similar at the beginning. Also, there were old legacy BIOSes (at least AMI BIOS) before UEFI was a thing that had mouse support to navigate the settings.
this comment has ended my 1 and half day long headache. thank you.
@@toasterthebrotthe headach continues, when you don't get your wifi working in UEFI installation. In Bios installation everything works fine??
@@emanuelsanchez3762 idk, but i dont think it matters whether you boot the uefi or the bios version
@@toasterthebrot if you need broadcom-wl to have wifi it's a problem. I have wifi when I install via bios, and I don't get it to work when I install via uefi
Hi Chris, been a lurker for a while and have played and worked with Linux since Slackware was the popular distro. I have a dedicated desktop that has a UEFI bios, and had quite the ordeal in getting Kubuntu 19.10 installed due to issues with the UEFI while trying to partition manually. I finally just let it load onto my SSD only.
The boot process seems to act a bit odd and this video helped me to determine why I think that is the case. This is my first time with putting Linux on a box with UEFI.
So this is what I see from efibootmgr and I need a little assist to fix:
sudo efibootmgr
BootCurrent: 0003
Timeout: 1 seconds
BootOrder: 0003,000C,0004,0001,0002,0000
Boot0000 Windows Boot Manager
Boot0001 Hard Drive
Boot0002 CD/DVD Drive
Boot0003* ubuntu
Boot0004* UEFI: Built-in EFI Shell
Boot000C* ubuntu
I do not have Windows on here at all, and I don't think I need 2 entries for ubuntu, but am concerned I may break it without a bit of guidance.
Thanks
GPT is part of the UEFI standard. But you can use MBR and GPT independently of UEFI and BIOS selection.
Hey Chris. I'm currently on a "Legacy" computer (Dell Precision T1700) and want to make my SSD with Windows boot on the newer "UEFI" computer (Dell Precision 3670) I already used Rufus to make a UEFI Windows iso USB thumbdrive...I think. I did this on the Precision as my Inspiron will not load windows. Do you know what my next step would be? Insert the USB on the newer computer, change BIOS to turn off all legacy and secure boot, and then F12 and try to start windows?? Im sorry if this is not the place to ask this.
How's your debian working out? I love my solydx. Using ukuu hasn't really presented any prolems.
One thing that confused me (and so I ignored it) is that the BIOS on this newest motherboard has two icons for each possible boot device, one plain and one UEFI. (which you can drag and drop to any order, BTW.) So when I was adding another linux OS (I have a bunch) the setup gave me odd choices, only allowing EFI boot (which I have been successfully avoiding for years.) It turned out that the DVD booted different setups according to whether the BIOS was set to boot the EFI-version icon or the plain icon. Not every linux distro setup DVD does this, though.
Good stuff. I got a question: Is it worthwhile to change from legacy BIOS and MBR to UEFI, without data loss? I think it can be done, the tutorial at ASA technical "How to Convert BIOS mode Legacy to UEFI of Installed Windows 10/8.1/7 (Advanced tutorial)" requires getting dirty with diskpart, shrinking the disk, using a utility called GPT fdisk (gdisk64.exe) found in Sourceforge.
How did I get in this mess? Prior to installing Windows, and after having done some experiments with legacy BIOS, I forgot to change the BIOS settings back to UEFI, so now I got a Windows 10 on legacy BIOS and MBR. It's a 2015 Dell Inspiron 15 laptop.
Oh my - things have just gotten so complicated since when we used to boot from paper tape, haven't they?
Thank you for this great video!
Great instructional video. I’ve installed Linux three times UEFI without issue. But on my Z77 I have three SSDs for testing distros. One connected at a time. Twice the UEFI configured ones stopped being recognized as bootable after switching to another SSD. MBR I can swap them without issue. Read somewhere this is by design. Why?
There's only one thing missing from this video. Future Chris's Christmas tree at 8:05 🎄
Chris, I just finished reinstalling using legacy boot and everything was under 2T, but I'm glad I watched your vid because I've never (so far built or partitioned anything over 2T) and I would have prolly been lost trying to command line in the BIOS lol
Unified extension something graphical new bios system. I just know that you have to allocate an extra partition for uefi. Lol good video man! Keep up the good work and grind
In the legacy grub you could also use a background image right? Is the uefi capable of more fancy backgrounds?
Still on EFi I'm stll wondering where is stored the info we get when looking at efibootmgr?
My guess is that at boot EFI checks every bootable device on boot and do a list, but is it stored somewhere or is it in the BIOS memory thingie?
as we can modify it via software...
I wonder this as well, as I've swapped images and disks and it still shows up. So that leads me to believe it is stored somewhere on the motherboard, but I don't know for sure.
@@ChrisTitusTech it is called efivars wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Unified_Extensible_Firmware_Interface#UEFI_variables
UEFI standard defines an interface to talk to the bios to persist some information.
Sometime ago there was a bug in some laptops that linux kernel fill all the memory and breaks the system:
bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cdimage/+bug/1040557
efivars can be used to kernel logs if you have a kernel panic but you dont have hard disk or the hard disk is not flushed properly.
lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/364078/
I am shopping for a laptop. I plan to remove the SSD, and put in a blank one and install Tumbleweed. My concern is the secure-boot thing that is on some laptops that allegedly causes headaches with a Linux installation. I am interested in the Coreboot / Skulls thing, but all that is way over my pay-grade.
Can a legacy(MBR) bios recognize SSD as drive for OS installation? Or we need to switch to UEFI for that?
I’m still not clear on something: if I have a windows 10 pc which is installed as UEFI, I can’t seem to boot from an MBR usb drive (a Hirens boot cd or something). The bios just doesn’t want to recognize the usb drive. Is that a limitation of the bios? Something enforced by windows? Or user error on my part?
Thank you for this video but man, I'm still confused. I'm planning a new desktop build in a month or two. I will be using a Ryzen CPU along with an Asus x470 mobo, probably two SATA SSD's, one NVMe 1TB SSD, 1TB HDD, 32GB RAM, etc. I was planning on installing Linux Mint on my NVMe ssd as my primary OS, and then maybe Win10 on a separate ssd to be used only occasionally. I use a boot manager/partition manager from Terabyte Unlimited called BootItBM.
Are you saying I cannot or should not install my OS's under Legacy mode BIOS? Do I HAVE to use UEFI?
Nope you can choose either, on newer PCs it really doesn't matter.
digging the terminal vids! echo "Sweet!"
can you go over the best settings in the bios to install windows 10 on an asus z170a mobo? thanks. surprisingly hard to find the info on youtube for this.
Can I install Windows on one drive and Linux on second without grub, and just boot pressing f11 (on my motherboard) for boot menu? Can I do that with uefi and legacy?
Yes. You should be able to modify Microsoft's bootmgr using EasyBCD. There is some free version floating around but I just noticed they just started charging for it.
You could but it's better to install grub and launch windows or linux from it.
Hi Chris ! You should have specified at the beginning what LARGE DRIVES exactly are. You only say it AFTER a guy from your clip selection says it - LARGER THAN 2.2 TB. Other than that, your clip is great. Thanks ! I bookmarked you AND liked+subscribed :).
the videoqualety is very good now, great video!
Great,you rock with these videos Chris.very accurate.i know much of them.still useful
I had problems with uefi using linspire so I used volume groups to boot 4tb filesystem on mbr 6x 600gb 2x 146gb hdds
A good video, but I would like to point out one minor detail. You hint in the video that a big disk using MBR has to be split up in partitions less than 2TB in size each. It's worse than that: you simply can not address sectors beyond 2TB, so you can only use the first 2TB of the disk.
Yes exactly! Another detail worth noting is that the bytes per sector also determines the limit, so if you have a hard drive with 4,096 bytes per sector rather than 512, you can technically have up to 16 TB on MBR, and would be able to go beyond the 2 TB limit in that case! MBR or GPT determines the number of addressable sectors, and that multiplied by the bytes per sector, will determine the actual limitation of addressable storage itself. That's why GPT's limitation is approximately 9.4 billion terabytes, but that's with 512 byte sectors. 4,096 byte sectors could be about eight times that theoretically! There's a lot of little intricacies to this.
Hello @ChrisTitusTech, I just found this video and I hope you could help me out with a problem I have on my Laptop.
I have a Lenovo L490 where in the BIOS the Secure Boot is "enabled" and the Boot option is set to "UEFI only (no CSM support)".
Both of these options are not changeable, as they are grayed out and like I saw it in a lot of other TH-cam Videos, setting a Supervisor password didn't change that for me.
I tried to make a bootable USB drive with Windows 10 once with Rufus (GPT partition and FAT32 formatted), and once with the Microsoft Media Creation Tool, but none of them are booting up on my laptop, it is always jumping back to the boot menu screen.
I don't know, what else I can do and if you have any idea, what else I could try, I would really appreciate your help.
Thanks in advance.
Great video and indeed a confusing subject but very well explained !.
Whenever I have a new drive and want to use it then I use a live linux distro on a usb, go to the live session and run partition editor (gparted mostly) to enable GPT on it.
MBR has a limit of 4 primary partitions and beyond that you have to configure the extended partition (that is the total size of the drive(s) after the primary partitions) and then devide, if needed, the extended partition(s) into logical volumes (up to 2TB each).
GPT has a limitation, i think, of 128 partitions and does not have to be flagged as primary or extended or has a size constraint (well maybe in the very very extreme big sizes).
UEFI isn't really that confusing when you look deeper, but when you think of UEFI as a BIOS replacement, it screws with your mind, as you feel the MBR way of one bootloader in magical space is the way, and that UEFI is only for pretty graphics and 2+TB drives. This is unfortunately because of the Windows-focused PC world where we don't need to deal with multiboot anyways due to the fact that most of us just have Windows installed, so it's not something to mention since one wouldn't notice that unless they dual boot. To many it's just install Windows, and done. They don't realize that UEFI is a completely different beast from the primitive BIOS, like Coreboot. BIOS is in no way that similar to the UEFI and both are quite radically different from one another, it's just that UEFI does have a compatibility mode to boot like a BIOS and that many imported BIOS GUIs to UEFI instead of taking advantage of UEFI.
As a result, you get Linux users going "fuck UEFI," when UEFI, like ACPI, is an awesome thing that had some trouble getting set up at first since Linux distros had to adjust to UEFI and make their installers support it and handle it automatically.
I keep uefi on if i can on the computer. If it doesn't work or i haven't figured out how to use it, i go to BIOS/Legacy.
For me, they're both good options but uefi runs a little better and closer to hardware
They're not both good options at all. CSM shouldn't be used. It's not secure and has less performance.
finally found the way to boot to usb for my chuwi surbook 12.3. Thank you very much for making things clear.
Let me see if I understand this. I have an old Lenovo W510 laptop with a BIOS that is Supervisor locked. Still I installed Ubuntu 19.10 in one partition and 20.04 in yet another partition. It has no entries in the BIOS for UEFI. What I understand from your video, I could have installed Ubuntu and let the installation process build a gpt boot partition to boot from instead of the MBR. Is this correct? AND, would the Ubuntu install process create for me a graphical UEFI where I can make the changes that I would normally do with the legacy BIOS?
Also, would this gpt / UEFI give me a "Safe Boot" switch?
A lot of it is the technicals having to stop and start and go back to bios etc over and over to figure out why your one old system isnt taking one os but will another.
Thanks for the video!
I'm curious, we generally use MSI or ASUS motherboads and the same for Nvidia GPUs.
What is common in the USA / UK / Europe / India and other parts of the world?
Another benefit of uefi is that it supports installing 2 (or more I guess) bootloaders on one drive (If I am not wrong in LEGACY bios you can not do that; and also I am not sure if every uefi can do that but probably yes).
Greetings, I've been using two SSD's for years using windows 10 pro UEFI. After refreshing the second drive my primary for some reason converted to a Basic Data Partition and is no longer bootable. Is there any way to make that partition bootable again without loosing the data? Thanks in advance
When I use UEFI in OS mode there will be no display when accessing the bios using a DP cable but when using HDMI cable, there will be a video output. And if I will use CSM I can access the bios using the DP cable. My boot option drive is set to UEFI. The gpu I use is gtx1050. Is it due to the gpu?
When using the USB stick for recovery or reformatting the harddrive, I get a message stating:
"No PBR driver found found! Run mops1 fail"!
Once I click "OK", it will just sit there for days, and not do anything. So I unplug and start all over again.
My BIOS settings are as follows:
CSM Support -> Disabled
Boot Mode -> UEFI Only
Quick Boot -> Enabled
If I take the USB stick out, and run the PC to try and boot, I simply get stuck at a black screen, for days on end, nothing happens. I have to reboot and try again.
Any suggestions?
windows (10,8.1,7) installed in UEFI mode the easy way ... boot windows installation USB (Made with Media Creation Tool) with CSM enabled and then when you reach the installer screen go to CMD with Shift+F10 and diskpart select your HDD/SSD clean it and convert to GPT ( Windows cannot be installed with a hybrid settings this means MBR for Legacy and GPT for UEFI only believe me i have tried alot and i know that by heart already ) ... now continue installation if everything goes well then you Will boot windows in UEFI ( you can know this from the first boot by looking at the logo at boot if its the MB bios logo then it is UEFI already and if its windows logo then its legacy mode ... hope this helps :) ... have been watching your videos for the last week and i am using CAD software so i am stuck with windows forever :P ... Have you tried Hackintoshing btw ? its very nice once you get the hang of it
i have older graphic card like readon 5770 that dont work on my UEFI motherboard. Is there way to change settings in uefi bios for it to work? or i need to get newer gpu then?
I see in my BIOS I have 3 options: Legacy, UEFI with CSM and UEFI without CSM. It is set to Legacy. So you recommend UEFI over Legacy? What is the difference between UEFI with CSM and UEFI without CSM? Which one is the best?
At the end of this video I still don't know what UEFI it self is? like why do I need to use it? Will I see a performance boost? Is it usually enabled by default? If I already have a working linux distro installed should I reinstall if I am not using UEFI even if it is working fine as far as I can tell?
Thanks for a good video on UEFI. Up to now, my impression on UEFI was, that it was a Microsoft feature to block other systems to be installed on that PC. My PCs are all old, so I only experienced the BIOS, however my Sandy-bridge i5 laptop from Dec 2011 supports the mouse too on its BIOS. Since I plan to build a Ryzen PC, I have a number of questions about UEFI:
- What is the real advantage of UEFI vs legacy BIOS for the users, not for Microsoft?
- Why is the UEFI boot faster? The disks are the same and that determines for 95% the boot speed.
- UEFI seems to need a small boot partition and MBR also supports a boot partition, but by default it uses the unused first sectors of the disk. Is this the real issue, UEFI needs GPT for booting the system and the BIOS needs MBR?
- On installing or formatting disks on old PCs, the installer/disk-utility always asks MBR or GPT, so I assume, that is completely independent from BIOS or UEFI? Except maybe for booting?
- Why should the graphical interface be for UEFI mode or is it also supported for legacy BIOS mode?
We need probably an additional video, that explains the differences in the underlying architectures.
Up to know I used MBR and I use ZFS for data and as OS boot file system. I intend to move all 3 HDDs and the SSD to the new system and I expect that Ubuntu will detect the new processor (Phenom II -> Ryzen) and other changed hardware and boot without any change or re-installation. I will ensure that all disk have a copy of the MBR boot loader and I will keep the sequence of connection of the drives the same. Probably I'll stay on legacy BIOS and try to move to UEFI later, if it has any significant advantage.
TLDR is stick to Legacy it will treat you better.
UEFI basically gives you fancy graphics on the bootloader, and I personally experienced about a 5-second decrease in boot time moving to UEFI.
So past the fancy graphics and saving a couple seconds, that's really all you gain. Really not worth it unless you have to have the latest and greatest. Legacy can do some graphics, but not a full HD wallpaper with special icons for specific operating systems.
One advantage of UEFI over bios is that like rebooting to safe mode from windows you can also reboot to UEFI. Without having to hammer F2 during POST.
@@FutureReverberations I don't have windows, so I have absolutely no advantages from UEFI, only disadvantages.
@@bertnijhof5413 Such as? Honestly curious why people are hating on using UEFI so much? It's perfectly fine, I think the feature everyone's hating on is SecureBoot, which the two are often conflated together, but are NOT related.
@@ChrisTitusTech
Or, if you using mechanical Hard Drive and you tend to abuse it, such as moving it physically while your device is still accessing your harddrive (it usually happens when you are using laptop while walking) or you dropping your device, either intentionally or unintentionally
Since i have 2 different PC, one is Legacy-MBR (Netbook), one is UEFI-GPT (a Low-End Notebook)
I drop my netbook just once, and a few months later my harddrive goes unreadable, at all
But my low end notebook, even though i drop it till god knows how much i drop it, it still working even though my display gone bleeding
Note that 5 years ago, stock Grub for MBR couldn't read from GPT disks, and Grub for GPT couldn't read from MBR disks. Also, some old UEFI systems would not look for an EFI partition on MBR disks. (Legacy boot on GPT disks still worked, as the legacy boot method actually puts the boot loader at a fixed offset on the drive, ignoring the partition table itself). Anyway, that lead lots of us to assume it *must* be that way, and never check again. Recent UEFI systems and recent Grub handle it fine.
2:03 - worth the price of admission right there!
So you can do a legacy boot off a gpt partition? I thought the boot sector for legacy boot would interfere with the gpt partition scheme? I thought you needed a MBR disk to boot legacy?
I used microsofts "media creation tool" to create a usb thumb drive to install windows. the USB drive says its partition style is "MBR" does that mean when i install windows it wont be GPT and UEFI?
On so old computer is not possible to install Windows 11 as Legacy Boot but when I change it to UEFI boot, then it is possible to install Windows 11 without any problem.
My question is, to Keep the boot as UEFI and use the computer as it is would it harm the computer and other programs work properly?
What happens if you install a new Linux distro on an SSD with GPT where there are a bunch of other drives that have been installed previously with BIOS and MBR?
well which progam will confirm the status of GPT (W10) user.? I continue to have boot failure without any changes to the drive settings. Is it W10 or bios program related?
What should you do if you didn't install in UEFI do we need to reinstall our OS again ? I am just asking because I have everything setup already and I just don't want to redo it if I don't absolutely have to.
Well this made it more clear for me. At least with Win 10 and newer installs it seems that UEFI is kind of a default. So the main regard after this is formatting the actual drive(s) with MBR or GPT - GPT being the more modern and future-looking database method. What I didn't find anywhere however is if using a 2tb or lesser drive and not planning on more than 4 partitions if there is any benefit or downside in the format selection. Does NTFS / FAT 32/ exfat perform any differently in this scenario? From what I gather, GPT has a data security benefit by default? if anyone can chime in on this - it'll be much appreciated.
Im using legacy bios and mbr disk for os since my drive is below 2 TB. Is it okay with the performance??
So, we could say UEFI and Legacy are ONLY different ways of present the BIOS interface and capabilities for managing the BOOT, because it is controlled from the firmware only? With that being said, we also could add that it doesn't anything to do with size partitioning on disks, since MBR and GPT are different forms of how the files (sectors) are presented in the secondary memory.
What is best for dualboot in one partition BIOS or UEFI ...I want to install Windows and Fedora distributions
So GPT+UEFI ..or MBR+BIOS .
Very good and instructive video. Thank you very much.
I need your help, I installed ubuntu 20.04.1 and upgraded it into 20.10, then changed my mother board which support uefi is there a way to convert my current installation of ubuntu from grub to uefi.
1. I am a subscriber and I never saw that first UEFI video, so it looks like it wasn't properly presented by YT algorithm and that could be one of the reasons for its low visibility. The other question is why it happened.
2. What I hate about Legacy is that the boot data is saved in some vaguely defined, pre-partition, invisible and inaccessible space, while in UEFI we have EFI partition and it's clear where and what data is there - kinda helps to understand and control it. Also, because of EFI partition, we can have many grubs, on legacy, it's always one and the next one overwrites the previous one. Often there are issues with it, like the grub wasn't properly installed, or the previous boot sequence wasn't properly replaced and so on.
What I dislike about UEFI is: it makes things little more complicated for newbies, because firmware vendors don't have a unified interface or ways of setting it. Because of that none of the dual-boot articles mentions even a world about it. So for example, when I was fresh, I had an issue making dual-boot, because my laptop showed some error prompt. The solution was to navigate with arrows to point the proper file in a proper directory in EFI partition to point it to the firmware FROM THAT ERROR SCREEN (not in UEFI settings, there was no way to set it there). Once it was done, the location was remembered and the next boots were successful.
On another laptop Windows UEFI partition was used by default and that was all. I had to create a new boot in UEFI settings and point to proper boot files in order to work. I'm sure there are many other ways vendors do that.
Also, the naming is confusing. Is it BIOS or UEFI? In my case, I am presented with typical BIOS interface and I can only use keyboard yet the laptop is rather new (3 years) and from top line (Alienware) so detecting UEFI vs. BIOS because of BIOS alike vs. advanced UI is not a good example.
It's hard to explain for newbies and it's hard for me to understand how in someone else computer it is done. I will manage it fine when I see it, but helping others remotely is often impossible.
You claim to use the EFI partition in solving booting issues, how do you do this? The EFI partition is not a normal partition like FAT/FAT32/NTFS/EXT2/EXT3/EXT4, it is formatted with an unknown partition type. What software do you use to inspect the EFI partition contents?
So by your explanation, GPT works in the case of both UEFI and Legacy. So the only two benefits of UEFI after all are secure boot and fast booting? Also, can Linux also benefit from both of these two?
Another benefit of uefi is that it supports installing 2 (or more I guess) bootloaders on one drive (If I am not wrong in LEGACY bios you can not do that; and also I am not sure if every uefi can do that but probably yes).
I still find it confusing and getting Linux installed on some of my "newer" machines has been difficult. They work but I'm not entirely sure I got them right.
I make sure Secure Boot is enabled in the BIOS as it can't be in legacy mode if that is enabled.
2:57 Why not just look in the BIOS/UEFI settings and check if it is set in legacy or UEFI mode, then you can check it and change it w/o having to learn a Linux command that most people including me probably won't remember. In the BIOS You don't need to remember a special command to type.
I only have new computer systems, one about 18 months old and one only about 6 months old. The older one is my daily driver (Mint Cinnamon) with a Ryzen 1600X/NVIDIA 1060 GPU/M.2 and it only has one M.2 drive plus a storage drive. The second one is an Intel i5 8600K but it has 10 bootable drives for me to 'play with'. Both has Asus motherboards. On the Ryzen system I left BIOS set at UEFI or Legacy... but I really didn't know what I was doing. On the Intel system I set it up the same way but had lots of issues. I had no problems installing distros using that set up but when I went to another drive and later came back, sometimes I would get the message there was no bootable drive. Checking in BIOS I would commonly see that one drive had a Windows preloader on it, weird given I have never had Windows anywhere near either of these systems. This was always an issue when I installed MX and Antergos specifically. When I changed everything over to Legacy only, all my issues disappeared. MX and Antergos not only 'installed' but they 'stayed'. I've learned a lot, particularly that I'm only a basic user (don't game, don't video edit, don't do fancy design work), I really don't need anything fancy at all... my first system is really overkill for what I need/do. I will eventually change it over to a Ryzen 2400G and no GPU and just get a decent sized SSD instead of an M.2 as the main drive. The KISS principle is now my motto lol. I will only ever use Legacy unless I absolutely HAVE to use UEFI for some reason. I had just ASSUMED as I had new hardware that I HAD to use UEFI. KISS always :)
Many motherboards I've seen want CSM off though, except for one old motherboard which says to not turn it off unless running Windows 8 compatibility checks
So, I used MBR (msdos on Linux) for my mint install, but don't know if it installed as UEFi. Can it even be UEFi if I used an MBR (msdos) partition table?
The reason I ask is I have the old SSD that was in that computer and wanted to reinstall it and configure grub on my mint drive for dual boot but different hard drives and don't know if it will work...
whenever I try to change to uefi in my bios, I only get a beeping sound and my operating system doesn't load. Im using a gpt disk and my installer is on a partition in my second drive which is also gpt. I figure I need to make my installer boot into uefi but I have no idea how.
I got this $ sudo efibootmgr
No BootOrder is set; firmware will attempt recovery
???? Do i need to fix that? If yes, how? New installation? I'm lost , sorry Chris, maybe I'm too noob
Which one is good..i have a laptop with Intel Pentium A1020 ..4GB ram..500gb hdd....
Which one is for me...uefi or legacy..?
Hi Chris.
On your case which one is best ?