How Long Did People Use To Live?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 23 มิ.ย. 2021
- By analyzing survivorship curves over the centuries, we can learn what’s changed about how - and when - humans die.
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To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:
Life Expectancy At Birth: The average number of years a newborn in a particular group could expect to live.
Mortality Rate: The frequency of occurrence of death within a particular group during a particular time period.
Life Table: A table that shows the number of individuals within a group that survive from one year to the next until they are all dead.
Survivorship Curve: A plot of the data in a particular life table that shows the years on the x-axis and the number or percent of survivors on the y-axis.
Infant Mortality: The death of an infant before his or her first birthday.
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REFERENCES
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Ortiz-Ospina, E. (2017). “Life Expectancy” - What does this actually mean?. Our World In Data. Retrieved from: ourworldindata.org/life-expec....
Medina, L. et al. (2020). Living Longer: Historical and Projected Life Expectancy in the United States, 1960 to 2060. Retrieved from: www.census.gov/content/dam/Ce...
Hacker J. D. (2010). Decennial Life Tables for the White Population of the United States, 1790-1900. Historical methods, 43(2), 45-79. Retrieved from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
United Nations. 2019 Revision of World Population Prospects. Retrieved from: population.un.org/wpp2019/Dow....
Szmigiera, M. (2021). Projected global infant mortality rate 1990-2100. Statista. Retrieved from : www.statista.com/statistics/6...
Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. (1910). United States Life Tables: Retrieved from: www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/lifetab...
US Department of Health, Education and Welfare. (1964). Life Tables. Retrieved from: www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/lifetab...
Arias, E. (2014). National Vital Statistics Reports. United States Life Tables, 2010. Retrieved from: www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nv... - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
I like how this video tackles both the misconceptions that people were considered ancient at their 50's back then, AND also the misconception it created that people lived just as much as today. in reality we don't just have more young people not dying, we also have a lot more old people surviving thanks to advanced medicine, guaranteeing that more people can reach 90 or even 100 years of age.
The video does underestimate a few things though, I've heard from my parents that back when they were kids in the 50s, people above the age of 60 were often very frail looking and very badly aged. They assume it's because they spent all their life working hard in the tropical sun. It is a fact, for instance, that nearly all skin aging comes from sun exposure, so no sun = young skin. Considering how many diseases and injuries they had to survive to reach that age too, I can't imagine the average person born in the 1900s wasn't very badly aged by the time they got to 60. Not to mention the lack of medical treatments for heart issues, and cancer, and how terribly unsafe and unsanitary things were...
@@andersonklein3587 Plus bad habits we don't have anymore that we used to have (heavy smoking and drinking).
@@nathalie_desrosiers, is that sarcasm or is that really true?
@@Sivah_Akash I think they jumped the gun on the "we don't have anymore" part of the comment but before people were smoking everywhere so it has died down a bit. This obviously depends on where you live.
@@SeboHyatt, ya I thought so about smoking too. But I have no idea about drinking.
This video is basically: well we tried, but here is some other neat stuff!
I learned that pneumonia was the big factor in cutting the lives of the elderly short.
So that's a success in my book.
@@alexander-mauricemillamlae4567 haha
There are actually records for most of the Swedish population reaching as far back as the 1600s, although they aren't accessible in English, meaning the information does exist, it's just inaccessible to people foreign to Sweden and its' language
Yeah when they said "The group that had the most compete data, perhaps not surprisingly" and then they said the US I was surprised because I thought they were going to say Sweden.
People who knew Swedish right now could translate it. But they didn’t do it. I’m still happy though.
Yeah, in my country we have universal data's dating back from the French Revolution
Starkt tveksam till det
They probably saw how shit the data was in England and thought all of Europe was the same. It's common with the type of people to say modern USA is racist and dangerous to non-white to be incredibly self centered in the USA and way less open minded than they think they are.
"We now age like whales do."
Well, _that_ explains it! I've been wondering why I look more and more like a whale the older I get. :)
wwww
You might want to cut back on the calories...
First humans live 930 years💀
@@inspireworld9142 Do you have any evidence, or did a magical good fairy state that in an overrated fairytale?
@@robertsemail1406 can you disprove the claim though? If men were stronger before they were more tolerant
sad that the data is just not there. It would be hella interesting to see the curves of Neanderthals, romans, you name it. Still a great video. Impressive gains in early game for these humans
We could maybe be able to, at least in terms of adults and teens. It really depends on the sample amount and quality of each. But even then it hard, since not everyone was buried or was able to be buried
If you think about it most people who could have longer would have probably died from wars or famines
Ah yes,
Neanderthals were famous for their record keepers.
It's a shame those homo sapiens had to go and burn down their banks and libraries. :(
@@MrMycelium Remember the great cave of Neandethalia
Most pre modern societies had similar curves where there was high infant mortality, childbirth and war killed those in their prime, and middle age was safe until age related diseases crept up on the elderly. People have always been able to live to 100 it is just that more people do now than ever before.
That comment about how the rich & royals were often the only ones whose "life records" were kept raises an interesting point - since access to good healthcare tracks with other kinds of wealth/power (including the ability to pay someone to keep records of your life), do you think that the data we do have about human life expectancy should approximate the "best possible" life expectancy for the given time period, then?
Like, the mortality rate for mothers in certain parts of africa is as high as 1 in 15, IIRC, but with better access to medical services there's no reason to believe that number wouldn't fall in line with the maternal mortality rate in e.g. France.
I agree with you last phrase , but i would like to add something
Genome and species wise, we didn't mutate THAT much since 10.000 year ago ,but what changed was our culture and technology.
What the "life expectancy" tell us is more about our society than human as an animal
I'm sure you are right about Africans mothers , but this is i think also true for prehistorical human (to a point, not sure neandertal has the same genome so the same life as us)
I don’t see any reason why people with equivalent healthcare *wouldn’t* die from natural causes at about equal rates. Equivalent being both on a technical level (similar equipment) and on a human level (biases not being a factor)
Rich people weren't always healthier, at least not in all respects, that's something you'd have to figure out case by case. Someone with gout or taking mercury as a cure-all may well have a worse life expectancy from someone doing moderate amounts of manual labour with a half decent diet and who treats wounds using herbal remedies. Not to mention that the relations between classes aren't the same, lots of native americans and pacific islanders had very egalitarian societies compared to say feudal europe, you'd still have a bias in your data.
well... for me, the data is NOT PERFECT. but you really can't ask for much... in ancient time, basically people don't have much record, unless if you are from noble family...
I don’t know, I thought this video is about how long humans used to live, or life span. It looks like the life expectancy videos, which like, flooded the internet for years already. While we’ll made like usual, it’s just pointless to keep talking about it…
We also have records of Greek and Roman merchants and nobles. Enough to have an average of how those who are comparatively affluent to modern counterparts could be partly calculated.
Those are only a small portion of the populous, and they were going for averages among the entire populous, not a specific (and statistically insignificant) portion.
@@thany3 The peasants back in the day aren't comparable to the middle class today either.
@@BatCostumeGuy That is, of course, the point. When you're comparing "how long did people live in 1200" to "how long do people live today", the main differences aren't genetic, but technological. The whole idea is to figure out how a given level of technology (especially medical and sanitation technologies) affect lifespan and longevity.
@@jasonwalker9471 That's why you can only compare the nobles who actually had some medical attention.
@@BatCostumeGuy But that doesn't get you the comparison we want. We're specifically interested in how a lack of medical care, sanitation, and caloric intake affected lifespans, and how those lifespans slowly changed on a population level (not an individual level, like with a small number of nobles) century after century. When did the numbers go down, when did they go up. What was happening at the time to cause those changes.
2:00
That really is an incredible graph. I can't believe I got goosebumps over looking at two graphs
Long live to the babies!
Your first congratulations 🎉🎊🍾🎈
Egyptians and Hebrews left the chat
Sparta kick the death!!!
@@crkcrk702 what?
@@omarmallah5686 it's a biblical reference you wouldnt understand -0-
Great video, Someone should explain survival curves to journalists 😬
It's not really the journalists in a lot of cases so much as it is the producers and editors who package what the journalist gathers into a product meant to grab the attention of as many people as possible. Nuance gets smoothed over or cut entirely for a variety of reasons.
another cool follow up video: the same graphs, only for plants. How many oak trees make it to year 1? Year 50? Year 500? How about other plants? Bamboo? Moss? Tumbleweeds?
That would be super interesting!
tree : joke on you i live here from dinosaurus era
@@MinuteEarth another idea why there's no minuteUniverse channel
Hey guys, love your videos! Keep up the great work! Plus subscribed now.
Their vids get more and more interesting and fascinating within each vid that i feel like i could just quit school and study by watching videos like this
Thank you MinuteEarth for educating me whilst also entertaining me with your great videos 🙂
Seriously 😅?
You know the video is gonna be good when subtitles are available just after the premier.
The grammatical construct of "use to" or "used to" is kind of weirding me out. Now I want to go watch a video about that.
I thought the title was wrong & ignored it, then met your comment and googled the whole thing. Thanks to you now I know how to use "used to" & "use to" :)
2:39 "Of Course those gains aren't evenly distributed" "and there is a ton of work to make sure all babies have the best chance for survival."
It looks like humanity has been doing a fantastic job for everyone. Those rich countries that have the lowest percentages also are the only reason low-income countries have had such a dramatic improvement and on a much higher volume of people. I think you need to spend more time celebrating those accomplishments than demonizing and belittling them as if proximity to innovation and wealth isn't a factor in the groups that benefit the most. It is logical that the people farthest from the innovation will get the least effects from it.
This video is awesome keep working hard
Great video:)
0:46 is the place to pause on for that note that pops up in the video.
I like how you guys Frame (“white u.s males”) in the way you did it really makes me decipher your credibility.
Thanks for continuing to blow away our expectations with your support! Want to become our Patreon or member on TH-cam? Just visit www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth or click "JOIN". Thanks!
It is important not to live long, but to live well/quality.
*used
TBH, this Fabulous thing is terrible. I tried clicking the link and it opens a website in my phone's browser and after answering a dozen rather personal questions I have still *no idea* if the thing will even run on Android or if it's an iOS only app or if it's a web app or what. Let alone what it will cost. Seriously? I mean I get it, they want to get you hooked, but to do it such an extreme (trying to lure you into major sunk cost feelings because you've been answering questions for 5mins so you feel you need to subscribe regardless of cost) is borderline manipulative.
Pls make a video about life expentancy in plants. Please!!!!!
On Russian language, please
Awesome content
Good video, Just wondering what would be our life expectancy 100 years from now, will medical technology add more years to our life?
Sounds like a great idea for a video :)
@@MinuteEarth I am already working on this topic, but I am lazy will probably never finish. 😅
You've got this! Can't wait to watch it :)
And that's even without getting into some truly fascinating subjects like digital immortality. :) For instance, you might be aware that it's now possible to program an AI with your entire digital history online (everything from your Facebook and other social media feeds, your e-mails, forum posts etc.) and construct a digital amalgamate that other people can converse with and it does a remarkable facsimile of replying how you would likely respond to various questions. Imagine if we could get technology to the point where we could actually replicate our neural connections to create a digital persona that is, for all intents and purposes, you, uploaded to a computer at the precise moment of your death. Your organic self might be dead, but your digital clone with all of your knowledge, memories, hopes and dreams, would live on potentially forever, and we might even be able to download this digital clone into a cybernetic body to recapture a physical existence.
@@Zaxares Haven't you heard of the Mary's Room thinking experiment? We might not upload "ourselved" into a computer because of it.I think ted ed explains it very well. You can watch it here th-cam.com/video/mGYmiQkah4o/w-d-xo.html
Yay, another video from MinuteEarth that I can gain Knowledge from
Good Video!
Actually, I have record of a set of 2000 of my ancestors, (meaning people who lived long enough to have children). They were mostly common people from a rural area in east France. My older records are from 1480 and I was very surprised to see that the average death age is 60 years old. Very stable, even decreasing a bit at the end of 19th century. Of course it spikes after WW2, but that is questioning the way we look at data.
if this is true, WOW! that is amazing!
@Breeze is this a troll or satire?
@Breeze r/iamverybadass
Hi david
Hi Dhruv!
@@MinuteEarth hi again
I think thats my most liked comment
The Chinese have way better record keeping, check those, they go back even thousands of years for some families and in some localities.
Cool comparisons to animals, really helps to frame things
Thanks for the proper use of "use" in the title. It's most refreshing.
2:28 The gray color used for the axes and labels on white background is hard to see on my old TN panel laptop, but looks good on my AMOLED phone. Give it more contrast for old screens.
My TN screen displayed a nice contrast between those, so it's not TN panels in general. They are still capable of quite solid colors. Check your contrast/brightness/saturation/RGB balance since it seems you are missing out on colors.
Life expectancy has gone up thanks to sanitation and healthcare. Thanks, science!
Not as important, but wars are also on the decline. Thanks complicated reasons why wars are on the decline.
Also proper hygiene!
@@8is that would also be due to the results of science allowing less scarcity in essentially all factors
We used to have people living hundreds of years old, even having children at 700-900 years old.
@@kg4boj because a book said so lmao
Ya ya and also there was this giant red dog name Clifford
Comparing to the 1800s is interesting, but mostly shows how well we've undone the absolutely horrible living conditions of the early modern era. I understand the data is either not there or hard to come by, but I'd be interesting to have a comparison with, say, ancient China or Greece.
I hope to live long enough to watch every single video of MinuteEarth
The Chinese have way better record keeping, check those, they go back even thousands of years for some families and in some localities.
Really? I'm surprised that they survived the cultural revolution. That's pretty neat.
I'm kinda in love with that turtle's face at 2:53
🥺🐢
Wow! Ty
We don't have good data on most people from before us, but the good news is that we can keep our stats for everyone after us
i think this channel should have more subscribers.
I've always wanted to know we lived
I love the pose the early 2000s Stick man is doing
2:30 Err... mathematically, the low income countries gained MORE. It went down from 15% to ~5%, whereas the high income countries dropped from about 5% to ~4% drop. If you mean equal as in reducing the low income country's mortality by ~90%, that'd still be unequal, since 0.9 x 0.15 > 0.9 x 0.05. It's also fairly arbitrary to base it off % instead of effect.
People need to learn "equal" isn't a feeling, it's a word with a definition. Equality would be a flat tax on everyone. And if one wants equal wealth... well, start giving away all your stuff until you're below 10K USD in net worth.
Considering kids in America are getting used to life without gasoline, power, or the police... I think it's going to be rare for any child to reach one year of age. Already is, since close to half the kids in the US are aborted (a mercy for them, so they don't see what's coming).
He didn't actually use the word "equal", but I agree with your broader point. He was definitely suggesting that the gains over the last century were unevenly distributed to wealthy countries.
@@mvmlego1212 True, he used the synonym, "even," but I agree the OP still seems to apply.
Regardless, the important thing is to get the best result, not to try and achieve a hundred flawed definitions of "equality."
Now I have the old Pearl Jam song “WMA” stuck in my head.
I swear you read my mind. This week I was freaking out I would die young
Me (to my friends after watching this video): Nice doggos
Yes unfortunately neonate (and maternal mortality) is still relatively high in low income countries. This could be reduced so much if expecting mothers had good medical care during pregnancy and especially in the first week after birth (as that's when most newborn deaths occur).
It is going down rapidly.
It's low in America too, especially for black women. Much of the developed world is doing better than the US in maternal care.
actually maternal mortality rates are stagnating or increasing in many high income countries, due to COVID-19 and the average age of childbirth getting higher.
Someone on Indonesia just claimed to be around 150 years old, what a right time to watch your video
I mean , is not necesarily impossible , human brain can technically live up 200 years , and there are many people who are 100 years old that are healthy
I- I was thinking about this yesterday now this randomly pops up I swear-
I love this topic
Damn that 21st century stickfigure has quite the swagger
He'll definately attract all the ladies(and lads) in the area
How can we submit fanart for your amazing scientific channel
minuteearth at gmail dot com
@@MinuteEarth thank you
Childbirth is also so much less fatal now. For most of human history about 1 in 20 midwife assisted births ended in the death of the mother, but the childbirth was deadliest in the hospitals of the 1800s where childbed fever, lack of hygiene, and forceps pushed the rate as high as 20% so 1 in 5 woman would die in childbirth. (source: I'm a history major and we talked about this for like a month in my class last year look up Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis and puerperal fever for more info)
In my country, there are some people who reject any kind of census. They don't even let the gov to record their family marriage, child born, nor death. Let alone health record, vaccination, contraception, etc.
I have a question... How do screens or bright lights affect ypur eyes and vision?
Epic vid
It's with less older people than now in the past, before the 20th century, because of a lack of medicine and sanitation like now. I feel fortunate to be alive in a time of life expectancy being higher each time. Let's normally live past 100, especially in the future.
A fact that I found really interesting:
Queen Elizabeth I’s friend, Lettice Knollys, lived to a whopping age of 91 (1543 - 1634) and lived to see 7 monarchs! (Henry VIII, Edward VI, Lady Jane Grey, Mary I, Elizabeth I, James I, Charles I)
holy shit!
Puts in to perspective where the idea of respecting elders came from, if someone is over 55 then they’ve survived some serious stuff
Now that's a curve I'm dying to see flatten.
Underrated
That would be even longer 2 weeks to flatten curve...
Why?
But if you dying now the curve will be steepen
Mcafee didn’t kill himself
When its 500 years later in the future I'm expecting us to live up to like 120 😭👌
I'd say 140
0:48 "...thanks to our healthcare system..." yep
So far all of my grandparents have made it to at least 90. Here’s hoping it’s a sign that my parents will make it that long.
only looking back 200 years in this? :(
I was really hoping to get a human aging history lesson here from like 100 thousand years ago up to now.
probably hard to find reliable data on that stuff because alot of old texts are religious and people in the bible apparently lived up to like 900 years or what ever.
still interesting video.
Thanks Science! Making our lives better
any data about survival curve of youtube channel?
like how many account only post 1 video and no activity again...
That kind of data would be interesting to see , or at least I'd be interested to see data of how many inactive channels with certain metrics (say 1k subs, +100 videos) there are out there. That would help to see how big the survivorship bias is around TH-cam's success stories.
Dogs and cats r living longer these aswell because of vet care and medication, because before dogs used to age at the age 9 and die at 10 but not now dogs are ageing at like 13 and dying at 17 or older, while cats used to age at 11 and die at 15 but now cats r ageing at 16 and dying at like 21 older .
I find it strange that you said there was mostly data from male americans in the 1790 to 1900 period. I didn't read through the whole study so I might have missed a footnote somewhere, but there was plenty of data about the female population as well.
I like the part at the end where all the animals' minds were being blown with statistics.
When we look back at 2020-2021, will we see a noticeable dip in the life expectancy?
I imagine a extremely small dip, but probably yes
0:18 why are account names censored? Because this violates the rules regarding personal information.
Small point in the title of the video. It's normally "used to" not "use to." But it's a very easy mistake to make as the pronunciation is the same. So the difference only shows up in writing.
"Did use to" is correct.
Pink hair for the early 2000s human
Nice
Hey you guys noticed that the brazilian version of your channel is more famous than the original
só que não? eses canal tem quase 3M de inscrito, a versão br só tem 570K
Do you ever think just like we didn't take much data then that their are things now which will want to be documented in the future we don't document now?
It would be nice if they made a video explaining the neutrinos. I have a lot of doubts about it.
Honestly if those are the only reliable records you found you can't exactly have looked very hard...
2100: 99% Babies will survive
That 1 baby who dies: Why me😤😂😂😂
Bruh
There's a subreddit for that:
www.reddit.com/r/FUCKYOUINPARTICULAR/
Life expectancy is about average age of a people in certain nation, doesn't mean one nation had Life Expectancy of 60 years old so everyone died at 60, it just a calculation according to mortality rate, even in ancient times some people live towards 80-90 years old.
is there no data on hunter-gatherers?
LONG LIVE HUMANS!!!
Actually, saving infants wasn’t a good idea for long term survival of our species, and it has brought down the quality of the gene pool.
This is one of the main reasons there’s been a spike in complex conditions, ailments and degenerative diseases.
All of this is irrespective of race, although privilege has correlated with this phenomena so the privileged have been more affected by it, but in general terms the compromise of the viability of our species affects us all.
Yes, unless there’s divine intervention we’re probably screwed. Our slow rate of reproduction has helped mask this anomaly, but natural selection always sends the invoice. So, even if you don’t believe, time to start praying!
Anything but we live a peaceful life
Would like to watch more videos if not looking for murricand only
Hi David
Imagine the chart but for ww2, mongol invasion, black plague, or ice age
I know people who always complain about how we lived longer in the past because we didn't have modern technologies.
And my brain freezes while listening to them.
You can't argue with credible accounts of people living to 900 years old or a man having children after his 700th birthday
@@kg4boj Waht?
It should say 'used' in the video title, not 'use'. It saddens me that an educational channel doesn't understand basic grammar. ☹️
Shouldn’t this be “used to live” in the title? “Use to” is for the instrumental case
Incredible to think how this curve will only continue to improve. Only a matter of time before the majority of people live into their 100s!
Yes, I've been listening to a lot of David Sinclair!
How long did people "used" to live?
Not Use
“Use to” is the correct form when using “did”
In a world with between 10 and 100 times as many humans as would be reasonable and sustainable, while maintaining a good quality of life for all, it would not be a good idea to ensure that as many babies have as great a chance of survival as possible, unless we simultaneously make sure that FAR few babies are conceived in the first place.
It is important not to live long, but to live well/quality.
Prophet Noah as lived for 950 years
should have checked the vatican birth/deaths archives
Why don't we make a map including 2020-2021
*What a blessing the United States has been on the world!*
Another 3 minute video that taught me more than years in school
Howdy David
Howdy Arthur!
Recently? No you post your life video 3 months ago
It's like we all became nobles