What’s Your Gut Microbiome Enterotype?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 10 ธ.ค. 2015
- There appear to be just two types of people in the world: those who have mostly Bacteroides type bacteria in their gut, and those whose colons are overwhelmingly home to Prevotella species instead.
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If whatever gut flora enterotype we are could play an important role in our risk of developing chronic diet-associated diseases, the next question is can we alter our gut microbome by altering our diet? And the answer is -- diet can rapidly and reproducibly alter the bacteria in our gut, the subject of my next video, How to Change Your Enterotype (nutritionfacts.org/video/how to-change-your-enterotype).
These are part of a new expanded series on the microbiome that I’ll be unfolding in the coming months. Make sure you catch the first four in this series:
• How to Reduce Carcinogenic Bile Acid Production (nutritionfacts.org/video/how-t...)
• Putrefying Protein and “Toxifying” Enzymes (nutritionfacts.org/video/putre...)
• Microbiome: The Inside Story (nutritionfacts.org/video/micro...)
• Prebiotics: Tending Our Inner Garden (nutritionfacts.org/video/prebi...)
Who we have living in our gut may also play a role in autoimmune diseases. See Why Do Plant-Based Diets Help Rheumatoid Arthritis? (nutritionfacts.org/video/why-d...)
Have a question for Dr. Greger about this video? Leave it in the comment section at nutritionfacts.org/video/whats... and he'll try to answer it!
Image Credit: geralt via Pixabay.
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My gut feeling is that over the next twenty years, the health of the gut flora will be deemed to be one of the most, if not the most important determinant of total health. Research and discoveries over the last few years are movng in that direction
You are what you eat!
Safar De Bon. Yeah so start consuming kefir.
Prevotella on the rise!! Vegan 2 months, Wooh!
+Zachary Forcher We could create a whole line of cryptic, vegan graphic t-shirts, and "Prevotella on the rise!" could be the first . . .
+Zachary Forcer Major Congrats!!! We are about to hit 2 years!!! The most powerful decision of our lives!!!
+tamcon72 Haha, likely freak people out, making them think a plague is coming.
Zachary Forcher LOL! Though I find myself spitefully thinking, "So?" ; )
Me too man! I feel amazing!
This nigga does his research. Mad props to him. Respect
+240FP so what does the research actually say
***** and what kind of vegan diet was that, how many calories did participants consume, did they have any pre-existing conditions
+240FP It makes sense that depression, anxiety, etc. might correlate with veganism, because intelligence correlates with both. Smarter people are more likely to be vegan and are also more likely to have issues with mental health, therefore it makes sense that you might see more people fitting into both groups.
On its own, though, a healthful plant-based diet (vegan or not) is associated with better health, physical and mental, as well as better mood. It's not the diet itself that increases risk of mental health disorders, unless of course one isn't ensuring intake of key nutrients (like B12), but that goes for any diet.
sdushdiu I think in the coming years we'll see a lot of studies showing vegan health to be not so great under certain circumstances exactly because of what you say... if I had a penny for every junk food vegan I know or know of, I'd be rich.
Junk food veganism will present its own unique sets of problems vs. junk food standard American diets, for sure; some problems will be the same, some different. Real health comes from a diet centred on whole plant foods, not just any old vegan diet.
+240FP The science is clear, a low fat whole food plant based diet heals. Everyone who does it right (without starvation and without vegan junk food or added oils), experiences this truth for themselves. Most people that follow Dr. Greger';s research have seen this first hand with either themselves or their loved ones. Unfortunately, for you and your loved ones your bias is also very clear. YOU don't want to do it, so YOU don't think/believe it's true... that is it.
PS: Gifted people often do have issues living in a subpar world. Luckily for them a vegan community often provides amazing refuge against lack of self awareness, analytical capacities and empathy. :)
until....kills me every time.
+earsoup I love it too! Until....Now!
Lmao ikr!?!?!
Ironic, since it's supposed to save you 😜
@@KlaireeBerry🎉 is
that's why i stopped eating the S.A.D and back to my nigerian food, we eat mostly greens, and more of a plant based diet and i been feeling better since then but since meat is a big part of african food too, i'm trying to make vegan versions of it or leave out the meat, the food is still good :-)
What is SAD? How much eat now meat? And is it not differnet where you life ( village or city)?
This was so interesting! Thanks for another great video
Thank you very much for the information! I was confronted about this informations from other non vegans, but could not give a specific answer. Thank you very much for your education.
This is a great discovery. Thanks for sharing.
Such valuable information! Thanks!
Excellent! Thank you Sir.
Amazing information. digging in the the papers now!
Thanks! Very interesting info!
Are there any further studies about other health problems or benefits of having one type or the other? I would be interested to see a video on that also. Keep up the good work Doc!
C. albicans has a tight association with bacterial species read the The Yeast Syndrome by John Parks Trowbridge, M.D.and The Mind-Gut connection by Emeran Mayer, & Missing Microbes by Martin Blaser and The Yeast Connection: A Medical Breakthrough Book by William G Crook www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-ab&q=rob+kight+microbitoa Rob Knight thequantifiedbody.net/human-microbiome-health-dr-rob-knight/ Prof. Simon Carding, Leader of the Gut Health and Food Safety Research Programme, Institute of Food Research and Norwich Medical School at the University of East Anglia th-cam.com/video/mioR_WrkRaU/w-d-xo.html Biofilms - a presentation by Melissa Ponce th-cam.com/video/J5kmdcUIMzk/w-d-xo.html Vitamin C flush - My First Experience and Eliminating Biofilm th-cam.com/video/LsCFvc765JM/w-d-xo.html Modulating the Gut Microbiome - the Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics th-cam.com/video/ZnRwbDWz2ek/w-d-xo.html Connecting our dynamic gut microbiomes to the brain- Rob Knight, UC San Diego th-cam.com/video/jQgkHg-5cns/w-d-xo.html Giulia Enders had been working on her Ph.D in Gastroenterology when a presentation on the gut won her the Science Slam prize in her native Germany. th-cam.com/video/weskzCKki-s/w-d-xo.html th-cam.com/users/DougKaufmannvideos John Parks Trowbridge, M. D. th-cam.com/video/uVY_93KMa1s/w-d-xo.html Deep Blood Fungus: Dental and Other Connections to Devastating Illnesses, Part 1 th-cam.com/video/IwTcsprt4oUD/w-d-xo.htmlr. Michael Ruscio Dr. Peter Osborne Doug Kaufmann Mr. Kauffmann became certified by the American Society of Allergy Technicians (ASAT) and worked to that end with G. Howard Gottschalk, M.D. in his Los Angeles allergy clinic. Dr. Gottschalk sent Doug to the Washington University School of Medicine in 1974 for a course in Food Allergy. This course would alter his career, in that he learned of the many physical and mental symptoms that were directly linked to diet. He would later discover that food allergy surfaced when intestinal leakage occurred and allergy tests only determined the end result of this process. Intestinal fungal overgrowth after taking antibiotics could cause intestinal leakage. These findings fueled Doug's interest in food and fungal-related research, most of which is still unknown to physicians and medical researchers. th-cam.com/video/wna4c421haY/w-d-xo.html Once and for all, let's straighten a few things out regarding copper: The majority of people are not "very high in copper". In fact, it's the opposite. What the media fail to mention, is a report by the US Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences which stated that only 25% of the US population gets enough copper daily (which is mentioned in this video). With this conflicting information, how can we know what to do? According to recent researches as many as 75% of the population just in the U.S have a severe or mild copper deficiency. Yet we should all fear this very important trace mineral? Why? Because of "toxicity"? When we are deficient? Copper deficiency is a huge problem in the world today, since the soil lacks the copper we need. Too little copper in the body can cause aneurysm (eating too much zinc without copper is a really bad idea). Copper deficiency symptoms: Fatigue, decreased function in the thyroid gland, headache, dizziness, migraine, cold hands and feet, tourettes syndrome, tics, nervousness, insomnia, unable to relax, tremors, shakiness and shaky feeling, spasm, cramp, depression, dry skin, gray hair (suddenly), cravings for chocolate and/or nuts, constipation, candidiasis, low blood pressure, low blood sugar, low HDL (good) cholesterol, high LDL (bad) cholesterol, anxiety, panic attacks, bad memory, PMS, mono... You do not always have ALL these symptoms but 3-4 or more. People are still way too afraid of copper due to utter ignorance of many doctors out there. They are simply not up to date with the latest knowledge of copper. Copper toxicity? Is it real? Copper can be a confusing little trace mineral. You can be copper deficient and have too much copper at the same time. Sounds strange, right? To talk about "copper toxicity" is nonsense. The word "toxicity" in this case is very misleading. However, it is crucial that the copper should be in an "available" form and not in a biounavailable form. Let me explain all this as clearly as I can: The really sad part is that almost nobody (not even most medical doctors) has the slightest idea how to fix this a copper dysregulation problem... Most people have a copper deficiency, which means copper is biounavailable because it does not have a protein carrier, most notably due to weak adrenals and poor liver function and missing the raw materials to make these protein carriers. Here is why: Although there are numerous reasons for the prevalence of copper "toxicity", the most important cause is adrenal gland insufficiency. Individuals with adrenal insufficiency are unable to utilize copper properly. The reason for this is that copper can only be utilized in the body if it is attached to a protein substance for transport and storage. The major protein that copper is attached to is ceruloplasmin. Ceruloplasmin is a protein which binds copper so that it can be utilized in biochemical reactions. When the adrenal glands are underactive, they are unable to send out a message to the liver to release ceruloplasmin from the liver and, therefore, copper becomes biounavailable. As a result of excessive tissue storage of biounavailable or unbound copper, a deficiency of available copper occurs, even when dietary intake of copper is more than adequate. The result may be a craving for foods high in copper, such as chocolate, avocados etc. The outer result is multiple bodily dysfunctions as a direct or indirect result of copper imbalance. Copper: As a rule of thumb, when the sodium/potassium ration is less than 2:1, copper becomes biounavailable This occurs because adequate adrenal activity is needed for the production of ceruloplasmin, a copper binding protein. Now, HERE IS THE REALLY INTERESTING PART: In these cases, it is wise to supplement with a small amount of copper (0.5 mg to 1 mg per day) for a while (weeks or a few months) even if the tissue copper level is high. But why??? Because this helps restore glandular activity, which requires bioavailable copper. It is like priming an old-fashioned water pump. You had to put in a little water in order for it to start pumping out water. In other words: even if you are really deficient in copper or if your body has too much biounavailable or unbound copper in both cases you need to supplement with copper. When biounavailable or unbound, start really SLOW. This is the secret how you heal many, many diseases. Copper is an extremely crucial mineral. Unfortunately copper has been bashed and degraded for decades, just because no one really understood how important this trace mineral is and how it works. The fear of copper is very, very unfortunate since so many illnesses and severe diseases can be healed with it when supplemented as it should be supplemented. It took me over 20 years to find this secret. A restored copper imbalance would likely heal tens of millions of sick people out there. The medical field is not interested enough though (yet). No money in it...? Big pharma is powerful... Please do not be afraid of copper! Just take it in the right amount and in the right way, with a lot of patience. Start with a low dose (see above). It may take months, you can't rush these things, but It will help you! Don't forget to add a little zinc after a few months so that you do not get an imbalance between copper and zinc (1 mg copper, 10 mg zinc. 2 mg copper, 20 mg zinc...) And please do never ever forget that if you are deficient in copper and take several grams of Vitamin C per day, it is even more important to supplement with copper since Vitamin C is an antagonist to copper. Do not stop taking Vitamin C, just supplement with enough copper as well. A few hours between copper and Vitamin C is never wrong.
Fantastic review!
this is so fascinating and impressive....love it.......So, No colon cancer for me..... love being a vegan girl...
Really interesting!
Extremely Interesting
This is most interesting video I have seen since trailer to Force Awakens!
Questions for @NutritionFacts.org - so if someone was previously a Bacteroides enterotype on a meat heavy omnivorous diet, but switches to a plant based diet, can the human gut microbiome transform into a Prevotella enterotype? And if so, how long does that process take? What ramifications do OTC probiotics have on this? Are there certain types plant based Prevotella people should or shouldn't take? Thank you for all your great research and videos!
please let the references of those articles available
Chilling like Cinderella with Prevotella! (The Cinderella who has her plant based Prince, that is). Thank you for all that you and your team do Dr. Greger!!! Just bought your book "How Not To Die" in Barnes & Nobles and I love it!!!!! I am recommending it to everyone!!!!
3:47 Bifidobacterium were associated with colon cancer? Doesnt that strain of probiotic protects against colon cancer. Its a commonly used probiotic in supplements. Plenty of research states it helps
Still having difficulty with vegan meal planning. I never have cooked before so it's not like I'm used to food preparation. But, I'm getting there...just refuse to eat anything but plants!
Well then what do you need with meal "PREP"? Just step out into your yard and start chowing
More about gut flora please ?!!
So is it better to NOT use bifidobacterium as a probiotic?
+Spark of Life I was thinking the same thing. It seems so.
+Spark of Life And on that note, where do we find a reliable Probiotic not loaded with bifidobacterium?
+Catherine Patin Make your own. Cut up cabbage, sprinkle liberally with best quality salt you can find, massage to break the cabbage and allow a brine to form. Cover loosely with a towel and let stand for an hour. Put the cabbage/brine into jars, cover with water. Apply lids loosely. Place them in a container of some sort to catch the run off. Leave them in a dark place for 2-5 days, depending on the ambient temperature. When you notice small bubbles, your probiotic rich sauerkraut is ready and can be refrigerated. You can also use a bit in your next batch.
Ahntara123 sooo do i use organic or what???
Tasty Worker 100g of fiber a day is a tad extreme and hard to achieve on a daily basis. 50 grams is more reasonable and even above the guidelines
The wikipedia previtella page says that Bacteriodetes is a phylum, and prevotella is a genus, a genus that is a part of the said phylum. The opposite of bacteriodetes is supposed to be firmicutes. It makes no sense to compare a diverse group, and a smaller, less diverse subset of that group as dietary opposites.
4:05 Are there seagulls in the background?
Where are you recording your show dr. greger, hawai? ;-)
+FreeD00M I thought I heard that!
FreeD00M behind a Mcdonalds 🍟.
#teamprevotella whut whuuuut!!!
How long does it take to change gut flora? Or is it even possible?
In about 1- 3 month.
Thank you for this question. I better start changing my gut flora now.
how long does it take for my gut ecosystem to balance out after becoming vegan?
Not sure, but it won't hurt to start today!
So does this mean that we may want to take Prevotella Probiotics?
+Peter Hall good question
+Peter Hall No, It means we want to eat more plant foods.
Wow no one thanked him yet!
Suckup!
Eating a plant based diet makes a lot of sense as far as gut health. On the most basic level there are hemolytic bacteria and nonhemolytic types. If you are consuming the dead flesh of animals the type of organisms that are going to break that down in your gut are also going to be able to opportunistically attack your own cells which share a semblance with the animal cells. Conversely, if you predominantly eat plants the plant eating bacteria is less likely to be the kind to attack your tissues.
In the desert...you can't remember your name.
+The Piper You Just Are
'cause there ain't no one for to give you no pain
There were plant and birds and rocks and things...
Just my horse has no name.
could it then be possible to to take a supplement to shift the gut population to promote a dietary change?
+Rob Irving This is something we are investigating at home. I'm taking VSL#3 to see if it makes a change in my baseline biome analysis.
+YogiMorgan108 there's also faecal transplant which might work for serious conditions, if pills don't work. It's a possible new avenue if all else false.
Which once gain reminds me that so-called 'probiotics' available at the corner drugstore are nonsense.
+allencrider Not so fast. While it may be true that prebiotics are superior to probiotics, I wouldn't call this small piece of info conclusive. Many, including myself, find probiotics safe & effective. Like most things in nutritional science, we'll have to stay tuned to see what future research reveals.
Joseph1NJ There's no doubt they're safe, but you're probably repopulating your gut with other things beside the species included in the probiotic.
allencrider Ya think? Honestly, I don't know for sure. Guess we'll have to wait to see if the good doc expands on the subject. I personally have been taking the same brand of probiotics for 14 years now.
Probiotics do not populate the gut unless they are specifically encapsulated to be able to survive long enough to reach that point. What they can do is aid in digesting the food you're currently eating with them.
Orion Antares Aren't you thinking of enzymes?
omg yeeeeeeeeees prevotella for the wiiiinnnn
It seems someone when through a lot of crap to get this info - LOL.
Haaaa....
Keep in mind, Native Africans don't live as long as people of African descent in the Americas. For instance, skin cancer is very rare in Africa as well. But in the Congo (just as an example) average life expectancy is 50ish. Big difference.
Wow.
sooo probiotics are bad too because they have bifidobactrium as well .. well in some ... i need answers please!???
I don't understand how we can eat anti microbial ingredients and not kill off our gut bacteria. Things like salt, alcohol, strong acids, preservatives, etc. How do these things effect us?
This is more complicated than the above suggests, as " native" Africans are also meat eaters ( goat, beef chicken), but the meat is not the factory processed variety that is seen in the west, me things there are more contributing factors to be discovered.
+1adadada but are they meat eaters at every meal? more like once a week imo
+1adadada Also prevotella is associated with the development of Rheumatoid arthritis. www.medscape.com/viewarticle/826570_3
Thank you for your response, but I speak from my personal experience of growing up in west Africa and the dietary habits of both my self, and my ancestors for the last hundred or so years. Meat is very big in our area as it is in most of my country. ( in fact i can't remember a meal I've had in Africa where meat didn't form the base of some stew or another) We also have complex rituals and ceremonies that intersect with these meat eating practices especially in the non christian traditional religions, many of which I have experienced regularly myself. As far as I know nobody in my immediate family going back to my great grand parents has had cancer or many of the inflammatory disease one sees in the west.
+1adadada were / are you rich ? i visited ghana villages in 2010 saw meat was once a week and it was lean home grown meat
All our meat was lean and home grown, which is the distinction I was trying to point out in my original post.
I'm a prevotella fella
But what about vegan fat or protein? This is never discussed.
Why did you have to be a condescending shit-head? I'm pretty sure there is such a thing as vegetarian fat and protein, since I eat it every day. And since you're such an expert, what is the conclusion of "T whoever the fuck he is"?
Nuts and seeds, avacados.. beans, grains.. dumbass.
+Shawn White Look it up on nutritionfacts.org look for nuts, seeds, and others.
+Shawn White Like said at the very beginning, each individual has his unique collection of gut bacteria from 1000 different species. People who eat only vegetables have probably a majority of Ruminococcus (Prevotella) species, with 1% Bacteroides, and you would have maybe a bit more species from other Prevotella species ? From the diagrams everybody has apparently some bacteria from the 3 groups Bacteroides, non-Ruminococcus Prevotella, and other Prevotella species, only in very different proportions
Patricia Ezekwem Father l thank youfor thenumerous blessings you have for me and .my children* l trust u
Y
I'm.
No
50 times colon cancer risk all for the love and tradition of meat eggs dairy fish
Moral of the story: eat your fufu kids...
This doesn't make any sense. The Standard American Diet is over 70% carbohydrates, which is predominantly Prevotella (enterotype 2). Therefore, your video (What's Your Gut Microbiome Enterotype?) does not "explain why Americans appear to have more than 50x the rate of colon cancer."
Hi, John Dough! I'm not sure where your numbers came from. According to this data, www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400530/pdf/1720/Table_5_EIN_GEN_1720.pdf, the most recent available figures are closer to 45% of calories from carbohydrate, 36% from fat, 16% from protein, and 4% from alcohol. That adds up to 101% due to rounding. In addition, the majority of carbohydrates in the Standard American Diet are refined carbohydrates, which are digested long before they could reach the colon, and feed our gut flora. You may be interested in exploring the topic of colon cancer here: nutritionfacts.org/topics/colon-cancer/ I hope that helps!
-Christine Kestner, MS, CNS, LDN, MPH, NutritionFacts.org Health Support Volunteer
I thought race was only a social construct?
You thought wrong. There are some interesting differences