Hi guys, here is a special video for this week. I wanted to put together in one single video my "Let's make a VR game" series to help people navigate and understand its structure so here it is. :D New content dropping as always next sunday so make sure to subscribe. Thank you for being here and supporting my work we are almost at 30 000 subscribers which is insane !
Hey Valem I was watching your year back how to make a vr game tutorial but when I try to make my vr game I tried to load it into my headset with air link and all I see is a black screen or 3 white dots loading I've check that I did all of your tutorial correctly and the only things I can think of is my pc might not be up to date to do it or I did the xr incorrectly do yoy have any tips?
I love your videos I am a university student from Spain in which I am trying to develop a prototype with the quest 3 and the truth is that your videos have helped me a little bit.
I'm not advanced at english, but you have amazing prononcion and I understand all what you talk about here. Thank you for the video. Glad to watch more content from you👍
@ValemTutorials. Firstly. Loved the whole series. Detailed, and covered so many different elements when building a game. Where I struggled were on little things, specifically little details I didn't realise were important. Here are some suggestions I think in the next series you should do and what I would like to see. 1. Start the series by stating, if there are any amendment notes they will be in the description. Like the scaling of the environment we only find out after building the environment were too big. One other thing that took me 2 days to realise what the issue was was that the Space Vortex Trigger, that triggers the end of the game needs to be a child of the Outer Space parts. Items like this that either other viewers can add to or you can. 2. I would love to see how a section on how to debug properly 3. I only have a Meta Quest 3 and was never able to test the game via windows. I always had to compile and test on the device. Was I doing something wrong? 4. Recenter the Main menu 5. Setting up real world proportions (not sure if this is a thing) 6. How to change the start up screen from "built with unity to something else". Lets leave it at that :) thank you once again. I will be moving on to other tutorials of your now.
When assigning new animations at 14:00, I saw my Blend Tree has the Trigger value as NaN. I don't see anything in the script that would be causing this, but any help here would be great! EDIT: Restarting Unity seemed to work and gave 'Robot Hand' the Trigger value back. It did make the Right Hand Animator and Left Hand Animator have NaNs, but can at least move forward
Was expecting a polished tutorial, got pink hands straight away, as others have also noted, downloaded correct versions of everything. It helps when you make a tutorial to stop at sections where there are known bugs and provide workarounds and fixes.
Hello Valem, I need your help. I set the position of the XR origin to (0, 0, 0) so the ground. And I set the tracking origin mode to floor. However, when I start the project the camera stays on the ground and it doesn't rise up like in your videos to keep track of the ground. Do you know what could be wrong with my project?
For Using those 2 material Select that material > Change the shader to URP/Lit : It will appear grey Find its corresponding texture in the folder > Drag it on to the base map > Change the surface type to Transparent > Check Alpha Clipping and set it to 0 > Set the Smoothness to 0. The material should be working now.
Thanks for the video, my friend. Give me some advice if I don't have any experience in developing games or applications, but I would really like to learn this. Is there a modern tutorial somewhere that teaches from scratch to the level that you possess? It would really help me decide to start studying.
Hi! Im excited to learn but got stuck right at the beginning. The Default controls left and right are not there when I click XR Controller. Did I miss something? 06:50
A few seconds after he tested for the first time, he disables them. You can see that for him there is a model prefab dragged into the model slot, this is the visual for the controllers and got removed on the newest Version of the Plugin i believe (2.5.3) => (he is using 2.5.2). So if you want to see them, create a 3D Cube, reset the position and rotation, set the size to (.1,.1,.1) and prefab it. Now drag& drop it for each Controller GameObject (Right Controller, Left Controller) into the "Model Prefab" Slot all the way at the bottom of the XR Controller (Action Based) component. Now you will be able to see them, but they will get removed anyways xD
@@nixonscherbarth1974 Worked perfectly! For those who are still lost. Click on the left controller in your hierarchy then scroll all the way down to the "Model" section where it shows the option "Model Prefab" which will be None for now. Then in the project pane, use the search and find "XR Controller Left (prefab..." and drag it into the Model Prefab box. Repeat for right hand. Should work.
So i'm stuck at 11:30. I've done it several times but each time i find the L and R robot hand controllers are missing the animators. I've searched around looking for a terminator hand tutorial but i cant find it.
I have done everything you have mentioned in the video, but when i enter the playmode for the first time , the controllers are not showing up. Anyone know why?
Hello Thank you very much for your excellent TH-cam channel. I had a question. I have an Quest 2 headset and I want to make a game that is connected with a wearable gadget, for example, when playing, the sword vibrates on his stomach. I have two types of communication in my mind, one is Bluetooth and the other is Wi-Fi I wanted to know if this headset allows me to develop the game in this way or not?
i dont get android tab in project "settings/xr plug-in management" just a weird icon called webGL, but has diferent settings inside my main camera dont have all that in 30:12
Hi, i have a handle that need to be rotate 120 degree to open a door. How can I make sure that the handle will follow the animation after I grab the handle and turn it 120 degree as for now, after I turn it, the animation doesn't include the handle as it have grab interactable
Hi there, When I drag the prfab hands into the Left Controller or Right Controller unity crashes. Does someone has the same problem. So howecome it crashes?
19:00 When I'm setting the normal map to 0 the weird dots are not displayed in unity anymore, but when I'm testing it on my Quest 3 they are still there and I cant figure out why. Can somebody help me? Thank you. :) Edit: Found the solution. If someone has the same problem just set the normal map to none. Setting the Value to zero was not enought for me.
i dont know if this is normal but this cant even be followed, most things just dont work for some reason, i did exactly what you did for the vortex and the material is just that bugged pink color always
@@danvex_ ohh my god it works guys but, in model prefarbs i had for deafult none(transform) on everything, it was working but i dont have models for controllers and i didnt see that. And i tried do press button fix in Project Validation and after it all it works! I have Oculus Quest 2 connected via WiFi with Oculus Link
Hi, thank you for the video! Unfortunately I’m stuck at the beginning. My PC can not connect to the Meta Quest not via Ari Link, neither via cable. I’ve also tried with 3 different PC, but it’s not working. The quick setting can not find the PC. Do you have any suggestions? Thank you :)
When I am using Character Control script and the driver script. my XR rig is falling down and it looks like i am tiny and stuck on the floor. How do I change the height of my XR rig when i run the program?
I'm sorry but I have a question, I am developing a game for a meta quest 3 but at the moment I only have oculus rift, how can I interact with my oculus in what meta quest 3 comes to me? oh btw excellent video usefull a lot's ^^
May I know why when I use Action Based Controller Manager it will show a error 'Coroutine couldn't be started because the game object 'Left Hand Controller' is inactive' ?
@ValemTutorials Hi! Quick question. I'm trying to follow along, but I'm running into a strange issue. I've got it set up where the hands are taking the place of the controllers, but they're only visible in the left eye in VR. The right eye doesn't render anything. Am I missing something?
Is there a way to donate other then patreon? I'm already subscribed there but I want to make a greater donation following this great tutorial as well. Thanks and keep going!
That's awesome Jennie thank you so much for your support on patreon and here, there is donation here directly on youtube if you want but supporting my work on patreon is already more than enough. Thank you for everything this is what is making me able to keep making content like this
For me after setting up the project setting and entering the play mode it runs on my Quest 2, but when I hit the play button again to exit play mode Unity just crashes and it happens every time, but pause still works. I tried to create VR Preset - same result. Unity version is 2022.3.32f1, my headset on v38 and my desktop Oculus app on v66, can it cause the problem? Upd: fixed it by running Unity with SteamVR and setting SteamVR as the OpenXR runtime in the SteamVR settings.
I have a problem, I made everything step by step as you did. When I ,,fly" to teleporter it flies further. Nothing happens - no voiceline no. 8, no start menu. Do I need to build it? Because I started playing from menu scene, it boot up game but doesn't go to menu when reaching teleporter. Did anyone have same problem?
Hey, when i throw the rock into the trash can it just sits there and doesn't disappear but instead just sits there. Does anyone else have this problem and if so how did you solve it.( I fixed it, I didn't have "Is Trigger" selected in the Capsule Collider for the capsule)
could you help me unity have update toolkit to 3.0 and they say ixr controller action based deprected in 3.00 and they say to use different compounds need some help thanks @valem tutorials
Valem pls helpppp, I setup the vr settings and everything and i skipped to movement but when i start the game i fall through my floor and the char controller height goes down to a really small number everything has colliders and everything should be right idk whats wrong
I'm guessing by change in character height you mean the transforme position not the scale. So it just sounds like you are falling through the ground. A few things to check, make sure the colliders are not triggers, that they have rigid bodies, the collision matrix allows collision between the layers, and that your player is not below or intersecting the ground before you hit play. If none of those things are causing an issue I would have to see the scene to diagnose any other possibilities. You can also check the timestamp but that shouldn't be an issue if the scene was set up the way Valem shows.
Hi Valem, i Have a problem with your grab pose tutorial. The code give me this error: Assets\GrabAndPose.cs(47,64): error CS1061: 'Transform[]' does not contain a definition for 'Lenght' and no accessible extension method 'Lenght' accepting a first argument of type 'Transform[]' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) How can resolve this?
Oh and the audio are available here also (thanks i forgot to put them in the video files) : drive.google.com/drive/folders/1KfpF7iwcfe-hy1i4GiiO11lbCvTs6XAJ?usp=sharing
This is slightly outdated info... Does not take into account the Meta building blocks. Really wish you refreshed the content since the blocks impact the XR origin based setup. *I'm one of your patreon subs for the record and appreciate all you do, but recycled content when its out of date hurts the struggling /confused folks out there haha
Hi guys, here is a special video for this week. I wanted to put together in one single video my "Let's make a VR game" series to help people navigate and understand its structure so here it is. :D New content dropping as always next sunday so make sure to subscribe. Thank you for being here and supporting my work we are almost at 30 000 subscribers which is insane !
Your a legend mate
I’m new to game development and this has helped me so mutch
please can you redo your AR tutorials. Lots changed between your version of 59 and then new version of 60+. Enough that I have no clue what to do
Hey Valem I was watching your year back how to make a vr game tutorial but when I try to make my vr game I tried to load it into my headset with air link and all I see is a black screen or 3 white dots loading I've check that I did all of your tutorial correctly and the only things I can think of is my pc might not be up to date to do it or I did the xr incorrectly do yoy have any tips?
Thx
Man you are the best PLEASE do not ever stop doing these.
agreed
x3
I love your videos I am a university student from Spain in which I am trying to develop a prototype with the quest 3 and the truth is that your videos have helped me a little bit.
how is it going now?
After doing my dissertation, being able to brush up on Unity stuff through this course is a healthy touch. Thank you Valem 😎😎💪🏻💪🏻
YO Valem!!! I love you tutorials and they have helped me make my own current vr game called Ak-Action! Thank you so much!!!
Thanks for being here I'm glad I could help. :D
Perfect ❤ Awesome examples & execution - swift showcase of current state of the art in Unity VR 🧑💻Thank you 👍
Thanks!👑
thank you for your generosity :o !
This is a great series. Joined your patreon because your work is so helpful :)
Thank max i'm glad I was able to help. :)
I'm not advanced at english, but you have amazing prononcion and I understand all what you talk about here. Thank you for the video. Glad to watch more content from you👍
You're a legend man thanks for making it.
Cannot wait to do this - thanks!
Thanks Kukurio for being here for such a long time now. :D
@ValemTutorials. Firstly. Loved the whole series. Detailed, and covered so many different elements when building a game. Where I struggled were on little things, specifically little details I didn't realise were important.
Here are some suggestions I think in the next series you should do and what I would like to see.
1. Start the series by stating, if there are any amendment notes they will be in the description. Like the scaling of the environment we only find out after building the environment were too big. One other thing that took me 2 days to realise what the issue was was that the Space Vortex Trigger, that triggers the end of the game needs to be a child of the Outer Space parts. Items like this that either other viewers can add to or you can.
2. I would love to see how a section on how to debug properly
3. I only have a Meta Quest 3 and was never able to test the game via windows. I always had to compile and test on the device. Was I doing something wrong?
4. Recenter the Main menu
5. Setting up real world proportions (not sure if this is a thing)
6. How to change the start up screen from "built with unity to something else".
Lets leave it at that :)
thank you once again. I will be moving on to other tutorials of your now.
Thank you very much! God bless you! Happy new year
Thank uvery much for your videos, they have helped me a lot in learning how Unity works and in wanting to learn more about VR development
Very informative, Thank you so much for sharing ❤
awesome video man, helped me out alot with the xr rig
When assigning new animations at 14:00, I saw my Blend Tree has the Trigger value as NaN. I don't see anything in the script that would be causing this, but any help here would be great!
EDIT: Restarting Unity seemed to work and gave 'Robot Hand' the Trigger value back. It did make the Right Hand Animator and Left Hand Animator have NaNs, but can at least move forward
Wow, learned a lot alreay (currently at Part 5), great tutorial, thank you so much ❤
These are extremely helpful. Thank you for the detailed walkthrough!
Thanks for enabling XR development for us.
Was expecting a polished tutorial, got pink hands straight away, as others have also noted, downloaded correct versions of everything. It helps when you make a tutorial to stop at sections where there are known bugs and provide workarounds and fixes.
Did you select Universal 3D when starting your project? In the video its labeled as 3D (URP) but now its called Universal 3D.
Hello Valem, I need your help. I set the position of the XR origin to (0, 0, 0) so the ground. And I set the tracking origin mode to floor. However, when I start the project the camera stays on the ground and it doesn't rise up like in your videos to keep track of the ground. Do you know what could be wrong with my project?
Thank you man... your tutorials are live-saving... I owe my college degree to you
When I go into add the preset for each control, I don't get those options. Just says none. Any ideas? Thanks for the video 😊
same problem. IDK what wrong
For Using those 2 material
Select that material > Change the shader to URP/Lit : It will appear grey
Find its corresponding texture in the folder > Drag it on to the base map > Change the surface type to Transparent > Check Alpha Clipping and set it to 0 > Set the Smoothness to 0.
The material should be working now.
Danke!
Great idea. Valem rules!
This is amazing, thank you for your time making this - is the way to create a swimming movement in the scene?
Super guide merci beaucoup
Can i make a tutorial on how to
Inport the vr starter kit that you made
Thanks for the video, my friend. Give me some advice if I don't have any experience in developing games or applications, but I would really like to learn this. Is there a modern tutorial somewhere that teaches from scratch to the level that you possess? It would really help me decide to start studying.
What type of vr headset are you use?
Great Tutorial
Hi! Im excited to learn but got stuck right at the beginning. The Default controls left and right are not there when I click XR Controller. Did I miss something? 06:50
Got it! i forgot to import after the install!
@@househikephotography import what? im using vive pro controllers and they do not show up during testing!
@@stevenesto5231the sample from the xr toolkit in package manager
bonjour Valem! my problem at the very first try is that i cant see the controls as you do. if someone cares to give little light with this! :(
A few seconds after he tested for the first time, he disables them. You can see that for him there is a model prefab dragged into the model slot, this is the visual for the controllers and got removed on the newest Version of the Plugin i believe (2.5.3) => (he is using 2.5.2).
So if you want to see them, create a 3D Cube, reset the position and rotation, set the size to (.1,.1,.1) and prefab it. Now drag& drop it for each Controller GameObject (Right Controller, Left Controller) into the "Model Prefab" Slot all the way at the bottom of the XR Controller (Action Based) component.
Now you will be able to see them, but they will get removed anyways xD
@@nixonscherbarth1974 Worked perfectly!
For those who are still lost. Click on the left controller in your hierarchy then scroll all the way down to the "Model" section where it shows the option "Model Prefab" which will be None for now.
Then in the project pane, use the search and find "XR Controller Left (prefab..." and drag it into the Model Prefab box.
Repeat for right hand.
Should work.
Amazing, thank you
Beautiful!!
The Auto Build input does not work for me its just not there 6:50
Had the wrong mode set it wasnt android yet
So i'm stuck at 11:30. I've done it several times but each time i find the L and R robot hand controllers are missing the animators. I've searched around looking for a terminator hand tutorial but i cant find it.
Thank u for your vedio!
I have done everything you have mentioned in the video, but when i enter the playmode for the first time , the controllers are not showing up. Anyone know why?
What headset are you testing on? Did you try the xr simulator?
Yeah me too
@meowscreen19 i had figured it out then ...
Thanks for awesome video, but unfortunately I can't make any lights work except directional. Would appreciate any suggestions. Thanks
left and right hand controllers are not visible when you do "xr > Xr Origin(vr)"
i didnt see that too
Change version from 3.0 to 2.5.4
Hello
Thank you very much for your excellent TH-cam channel.
I had a question. I have an Quest 2 headset and I want to make a game that is connected with a wearable gadget, for example, when playing, the sword vibrates on his stomach. I have two types of communication in my mind, one is Bluetooth and the other is Wi-Fi
I wanted to know if this headset allows me to develop the game in this way or not?
i dont get android tab in project "settings/xr plug-in management"
just a weird icon called webGL, but has diferent settings inside
my main camera dont have all that in 30:12
How can I add sprinting and jumping? Surprisingly there is not a single video on this for some reason…
Listen to a player input you want to read and if the player press on the button simply increase the velocity of the Dynamic Move Provider. :)
Hi, i have a handle that need to be rotate 120 degree to open a door. How can I make sure that the handle will follow the animation after I grab the handle and turn it 120 degree as for now, after I turn it, the animation doesn't include the handle as it have grab interactable
Hi Valem, Thanks for the amazing tutorial. I'm working on game audio, and it seems that the audio files are missing. Could you please share them?
Hi I just added them in the description. :)
Hi @ValemTutorials
How to test via Mac?
Hi there,
When I drag the prfab hands into the Left Controller or Right Controller unity crashes. Does someone has the same problem. So howecome it crashes?
19:00 When I'm setting the normal map to 0 the weird dots are not displayed in unity anymore, but when I'm testing it on my Quest 3 they are still there and I cant figure out why. Can somebody help me? Thank you. :)
Edit: Found the solution. If someone has the same problem just set the normal map to none. Setting the Value to zero was not enought for me.
Is it useful as a beginner??
hi so after switching the build plat form all the obj in my scene becomes white
how do you get controller rotation and location data in console?
I need oculus vr headset to get started?
i dont know if this is normal but this cant even be followed, most things just dont work for some reason, i did exactly what you did for the vortex and the material is just that bugged pink color always
In the inspector you can change the material's shader, try converting it to "standard". It worked for me for the hands
When I hit the play I could see controllers in the scene but nothing in the Vive HMD and no camera movement in the game mode. Any help!!!
Could not find active control after binding resolution on 8:43 moment. Ive connected my VR via wifi
Any VR headset must be connected through USB cable in order to debug and work correctly
@@danvex_ ohh my god it works guys but, in model prefarbs i had for deafult none(transform) on everything, it was working but i dont have models for controllers and i didnt see that. And i tried do press button fix in Project Validation and after it all it works! I have Oculus Quest 2 connected via WiFi with Oculus Link
In your assets package the prefabs hand moldes the textures are like error code purple how do I fix it
my quest is paired in the pc app but it doesn't put what I see in unity Game window in my Quest 3
Hi, thank you for the video! Unfortunately I’m stuck at the beginning. My PC can not connect to the Meta Quest not via Ari Link, neither via cable. I’ve also tried with 3 different PC, but it’s not working. The quick setting can not find the PC. Do you have any suggestions? Thank you :)
When I am using Character Control script and the driver script. my XR rig is falling down and it looks like i am tiny and stuck on the floor. How do I change the height of my XR rig when i run the program?
EXCELLENT!!!!
THANK YOU!!!!!!
I'm sorry but I have a question, I am developing a game for a meta quest 3 but at the moment I only have oculus rift, how can I interact with my oculus in what meta quest 3 comes to me?
oh btw excellent video usefull a lot's ^^
Would It still work on version 6000
with this im gonna make postal 2 vr
May I know why when I use Action Based Controller Manager it will show a error 'Coroutine couldn't be started because the game object 'Left Hand Controller' is inactive' ?
I dont have a VR headset what should i do
When I test played with the hands it only shows the hands on my left eye and not both why is it doing that?
@ValemTutorials Hi! Quick question. I'm trying to follow along, but I'm running into a strange issue. I've got it set up where the hands are taking the place of the controllers, but they're only visible in the left eye in VR. The right eye doesn't render anything. Am I missing something?
You may have forgotten to add the XRI Default Input Actions under the Input Action Manager script. Good luck!
Is there a way to donate other then patreon? I'm already subscribed there but I want to make a greater donation following this great tutorial as well. Thanks and keep going!
That's awesome Jennie thank you so much for your support on patreon and here, there is donation here directly on youtube if you want but supporting my work on patreon is already more than enough. Thank you for everything this is what is making me able to keep making content like this
For me after setting up the project setting and entering the play mode it runs on my Quest 2, but when I hit the play button again to exit play mode Unity just crashes and it happens every time, but pause still works. I tried to create VR Preset - same result.
Unity version is 2022.3.32f1, my headset on v38 and my desktop Oculus app on v66, can it cause the problem?
Upd: fixed it by running Unity with SteamVR and setting SteamVR as the OpenXR runtime in the SteamVR settings.
The color are like pixal like in Minecraft can you help with that
I have a problem, I made everything step by step as you did. When I ,,fly" to teleporter it flies further. Nothing happens - no voiceline no. 8, no start menu. Do I need to build it? Because I started playing from menu scene, it boot up game but doesn't go to menu when reaching teleporter. Did anyone have same problem?
Hey, when i throw the rock into the trash can it just sits there and doesn't disappear but instead just sits there. Does anyone else have this problem and if so how did you solve it.( I fixed it, I didn't have "Is Trigger" selected in the Capsule Collider for the capsule)
i dont know why when i grab the gun,the gun just dissappear,issit becuase im using xr device simulator?
make sure you set your lights to static or they wont be illuminated
could you help me unity have update toolkit to 3.0 and they say ixr controller action based deprected in 3.00 and they say to use different compounds need some help thanks @valem tutorials
is this hand tracking , in interaction
Valem pls helpppp, I setup the vr settings and everything and i skipped to movement but when i start the game i fall through my floor and the char controller height goes down to a really small number everything has colliders and everything should be right idk whats wrong
I'm guessing by change in character height you mean the transforme position not the scale. So it just sounds like you are falling through the ground. A few things to check, make sure the colliders are not triggers, that they have rigid bodies, the collision matrix allows collision between the layers, and that your player is not below or intersecting the ground before you hit play. If none of those things are causing an issue I would have to see the scene to diagnose any other possibilities. You can also check the timestamp but that shouldn't be an issue if the scene was set up the way Valem shows.
I have the same error! pls help
Hi! Why OpenXR and not Oculus plugin? Is there any particular reason why I shouldn't use the Oculus one?
openxr is for all vr headsets, and oculus only for oculus vr headsets
i dont even have openXR option to choose
Why does my character still pass through objects even though I added a character controller? All the objects have mesh render/collider.
Did you add colliders to your hands
Where can I get the source code please?
I couldn’t get the 2022 version and it didn’t show my white controllers in unity
Where is the light probe???
Hi Valem, i Have a problem with your grab pose tutorial.
The code give me this error: Assets\GrabAndPose.cs(47,64): error CS1061: 'Transform[]' does not contain a definition for 'Lenght' and no accessible extension method 'Lenght' accepting a first argument of type 'Transform[]' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)
How can resolve this?
Im rather new to this but i have managed to get the grab hand pose tutorial to work. What is the line of code that causes this problem?
Yes its Length not Lenght if you want to get the length of the array ! :)
is this a reupload from your latest lets make vr game tutorial?
Yes it's a reupload with everything merge into one video and with all asset available in the description. :)
Where do we get the audio files from?
The voice lines are available here : drive.google.com/file/d/1TFskpaX2SmWOqOu0exTii364TMxLB4UN/view
Oh and the audio are available here also (thanks i forgot to put them in the video files) : drive.google.com/drive/folders/1KfpF7iwcfe-hy1i4GiiO11lbCvTs6XAJ?usp=sharing
i dont see any readme asset
Song name?
The latest version is 2022.3.24f1 LTS, is that work? I can't install 2022.3.7f1 ??
I found in official website and download 3.7, no problem.
1:30 when he starts the tutorial
goat.
One of my eyes on my quest 2 cant see the prefabs
3 parts to go...9, 10 and 11
You got this ! :D
I did one thing differently I figured out how to do the trash can in one script
@ValemTutorials I'm curious if this applies to the Apple Vision Pro too?
This is slightly outdated info... Does not take into account the Meta building blocks. Really wish you refreshed the content since the blocks impact the XR origin based setup. *I'm one of your patreon subs for the record and appreciate all you do, but recycled content when its out of date hurts the struggling /confused folks out there haha
unity is like a spouse that fucked someone else.
they might be sorry, they may try to change.
a cheater is a cheater.