As goan the process of Portuguese occupation is presented with either black and white... Where as in reality history lies somewhere in between.. Portuguese were most brutal during there intial years with there religiousity.. Most torturous of them was inquisition ... But later part of 19 th century they were as able administrators in goa as rest of india Many people fail to give credit where its due .. They left goa with far more able administration then British did. Common civil code , keeping of land records are finest examples
Goa was not considered a colony but rather an overseas ("Ultramarino") province of Portugal, officially designated Estado Português da Índia i.e. Portugal's Indian state. Consequently, Goans had, and still have, by descent, a full right to citizenship@@JosephMarques-r9o
AMAZING! As a British Indian, I rely on TH-cam for my history lessons. They never teach the real history in the classroom. Jai Ho! I never knew the Portuguese only left in 1961. I am proud of you Indian warriors!
Coz they filled your coffers with the loot money simply because you converted to their faith. European colonizers have exploited India much much more than they gave it back. So plz..slurrp your sorpotel and stop crying coz Dadda ain't coming back for you.@@linzcoutinho6541
Only when we know how we got freedom can we all understand its true value. Millions of indians have given there life and blood to secure us this freedom which we today enjoy. Lets take a pledge to never forget those bravehearts who fought so we could live a life of dignity and freedom. Never again will we be so weak to be colonised and trampled by upon by foreign invaders coming through land or sea. India will be free until the existence of humanity, never again will we be a colony. Jai hind, jai bharat.
@@charananekibalijaun8837 around 4 million soldiers served in WW1 and WW2, both times because the British promised to free India after the war if they helped Britain. Apart from that? The 1942-43 Bengal famine saw 4+ million deaths (yes, most of those people were normal people and not freedom fighters, but had India been independent, the chances of those many deaths were slim), the bloodshed during partition, thousands of freedom fighters in the INA and independent groups that were killed by British, etc, it really could be over 1 million.
Or is it just a matter of changing sides post facto to gain acceptance in the new reality? An obvious catholic/Christian lady, possibly influenced all her life by the Portuguese, saying she sided with the Indian authorities and army. I will call that out. It sounds a lot like Muslims of India who claim that they rejected the idea of Pakistan and chose not to go there.
That is what you get for watching a m@r@n. My family had to run away from Goa to Kerala to escape Portuguese persecution. There are lakhs of Konkanis like us who had to run away leaving close family and everything to Karnataka and Kerala
@@prabhukod1 And yet you're still crying about a past you can't change nor were you born into! No wonder everything takes so much time in India and progress is slow, you keep worrying about the past instead of concentrating on the future, which is a very good reason why China is so far ahead of India at this stage, they're simply not bothered about the past!
@@prabhukod1 Didn't they invade with the help of Hindu Brahmin for their greed by suppressing lower caste people of Goa. If you see now most of the land and temples in Goa belong to Hindu high caste Brahmins which were grabbed with the help of Portuguese laws.
Nobody believes Libia Lobo's narrative, harsh truth is that she used her time in the jungle to fool around with Vaman Sardesai against the wishes of her parents. But they had no children so her foolish tendencies end with her.
Not just the "grind" but the appalling pollution levels too! So much for India not meeting its net zero targets by 2070, eh? Do you think Modi will have to issue gas masks to every citizen of every major Indian city?? 😊
Because of economy, europe is still considered by people for best quality of life, India is still far behind and indian politicians has made the country worst. earlier foreign powers looted india now politicians are looting india.
@@jeevanrego460 So, Goa should become portuguese, again...rulled by Portuguese, better economy, secutity, evrything clean. Goa people , think about that.
So very well narrated in a short film. The build up to the excitement of liberation as a Goan it gave me the chills. Kudos to Mr. Bhembre and Mrs Lobo Sardessai the true voices of freedom.
Bhembre, Sardesai you are the pioneers of freedom in Goa along with the Satyagrahis. And without the Indian Army Goa would not have become free from Portuguese Military Occupation! Jai Hind!! This video is a revelation about our past which is seldom known! 🙏🇮🇳🇮🇳🙏. Vande Mataram. 20-12-2023
@@JosephMarques-r9o All those people you mentioned should be celebrated, if they contributed to liberation and integration of goa but don't cry discrimination. Catholicism was imposed on goa by the Portuguese. "Afonso de Albuquerque wrote to King Manuel that the Portuguese needed not only to build stone houses but to raise sons and daughters-with Indian wives-who would have a vested interest in Portuguese rule." What good does political decolonization do if we are governed by the same colonial ideas, let the native beliefs prevail.
@@JosephMarques-r9o it is not ruled by people of other states rather served by them likewise many goans serve other parts of the country, if you can't draw a distinction between colonialists and fellow countrymen thats your problem
Its because churchill invited sal azar to to Westminster for lunch over crispy fish and chips....😅😅😅 remember churchill was also a great natural briber😅
Today all those people who has Portuguese passports seen with high respect and the goans are proud of all things Portuguese 🇵🇹..most people are want Portuguese citizenship
Goa was (and probably still is) one of the best regions in the Indian subcontinent. Indian and Latin culture beautifully blended as a result of 450 years of Portuguese rule. I'm from Kerala, but I always enjoyed being among Goans.
@@JosephMarques-r9o Lol In Western World Womans Were Burnt Alive In The Name Of " Witch Hunting " And Balck And White Discrimination Is Still High ( I Can't Breath ) ! 😂 🐕💨💨
Still Portugal kept something to Goa and it is useful now that we don't have jobs in Goa they gave us the Portuguese identity.. to go and work all over Europe.. otherwise lots of people die in india of hunger.. Great job VIVA PORTUGUESE.
wow, amazing how Hindus and Christians United under nationalism to liberate a self sustained state. Truly Indian!! I also remember how the Orthodox Christians resisted the Portuguese during the "Coonan Cross Covenant" India is truly a miracle.
@@SenorSol you should go and read the meaning of the word "miracle' in the Merium-Webster or the Oxford Dictionary, there's no correlation between a miracle and pollution there.
@@abc_cba You're right, there's no correlation at all, which is why I'd never use the term 'miracle' in conjunction with India's development, mainly because it's too slow, too haphazard, too beset by corruption, delays, and inefficiency, and of course any 'progress' that is made always comes with a cost, ie more pollution!
We left Goa over 400 hundred years ago... That was soon after the Portuguese assault. Having come from the north (Kashmir) many generations before. We moved south along the western coast. Settled elsewhere. Konkani remains the mother tongue for most. Our stories and thoughts still point north, towards Goa.
@@JosephMarques-r9o we all originate from africa, whats your point? they are native indians and thats all that matters, people have moved across india since ages, you have a christian(European) name how are you goan(since you are questioning GSBs)
@@Rahul-K1822chedeycha ghatia the main comment is posted by you by fraudulently entering my TH-cam account. Ghatia have some courage to debate an don't use fake accounts in other people's names to post comments. You proved that you are a ghati an not a goan.
@@viajante_de_goa very good question ! The rest of India thinks that they have done a big favour in liberating india but now we know that the builders lobby from the rest of india had vested interests and wanted to loot Goa and Goans of thier ancestral lands !
But our goa is sold to outsider n finished everything s n even BJP party sold our motherland n mother river to outsider . Russian enter n many other countries people enter in Goa because of this BJP party . Useless
Even now Goa has to have independent. It can be done by opinion poll. We can have our own country. India makes another colony without choice. Portuguese has given a chance to be part of European union.
Well, Goa was originally part of India. The Indians won't allow for independence because others would ask for it. Portugal and EU is different. Portugal was independent, a country. Goa was not.
British legacy is the Parliament, the Indian Railways, secular legal system, equality before law! Let's not compare little Goa ruled by the Portugese to the rest of India!
@@kk7420 Of course not, but we have 400 years of common history. Roman Empire also once dominated the Lusitanos, the people that the portuguese descend. They even made us slaves. But we do not criticize, it is history. No complexes
Bruh as a Portuguese Indian in Goa I can tell you everyone here loves being part of India... All the "Goans" and criers in the comments are Portuguese or Pakistani 💀
exactly. I'm goan and a proud Indian and my best friend is a kashmiri muslim. Each region of the indian subcontinent has its own unique history but we were never european
Im from porvorim goa, Daman and dui my family prior to indian occupation of goa so called freedom fighers speaking english Portugese and kit n kin passport?
My dad was on INS Vikrant. Indian navy ships were involved in clearing the islands occupied by portuguese troops and keeping western navies like britain out of our territorial waters. Brit navy wanted to rescue handful of its citizens. Once in they would have never left.
Your dad wasn't on the INS Vikrant, he was a local chai wallah. At least be honest. I used to buy chai from him! Besides, the Vikrant was a hand-me-down from the Brits, you got their sloppy seconds!! 🤣🤣🤣
@@SenorSol And where is their navy now? And the Indians actually showed the Europeans how to ‘Navy’ concidering even they bought ships from India that lasted 20 years vs 12 years for any European ship. At least get your facts straight 🤡🤡🤡🤡
@@SenorSol And which hand me down? INS Vikrant is a brand new carrier made within India completely. Also the same British that fled hand over foot after Daddy Russia threatened them in 1971? We used your old equipment and still you couldn’t do nothing about it with Daddy America by your side 🤡
India has never gone to wat with anyone in earth, unless it's as little as Goa. The jokers who played the songs of freedom of Goa from India are all enjoying their lives in some or the other western country shamelessly indeed, and proud too.
@vishveshkhanzode9342 Considering the people of Goa overwhelmingly voted to remain seperate from India, and India took it over anyway, I would call that colonisation.
Goa was much better during Portuguese governance. Clean and laws were good. No corruption. Still we are governed by Portuguese civil code. Freedom fighters are right in their context however there is other side of the story also. It will be a big debate. Finally I ask is Goa free? Only Goans can answer it others will hardly know.
Goa had an exodus of people leaving once india occupied, why did so many of the catholics seek asylum in Portugal, UK etc.? why did indian supreme court on two occasions decide it was an invasion?
As a goan, the worst thing that could have happened to my beautiful state, the Indian government marching in marked the death of Goa, the Portuguese knew what it was to run a country now it’s a state run by a headless chicken
They can’t even run their own country, despite centuries of colonial wealth being amassed they’re now a sick man of Europe being overrun by illegal hordes destined to destroy them, can’t say it isn’t earned.
@mihirojha4475 you wrote that millions gave their blood for independence. Firstly: 74187 Indian dollars died during World war 1, roughly 87000 Indian soldiers died during World war 2. Ironically, you decided to refer to the Bengal famine. While none of the victims died in a struggle for Indian independence, you also decided to exaggerate the death toll but what's even worse: the Bengal famine was a direct result of the regional autonomous Bengal government's failure to adhere to the Famine codes procedures. You will probably blame British for the famine while the exact opposite is the case, it's a blatant failure from the Bengal provincial government, which was run exclusively by Bengalis themselves. A shortage caused by hoarding of grains, which could only be ended, when the British sent in the army to break open the warehouses. It was self inflicted and directly proved to the British, that indians weren't capable of governing themselves responsibly. Please abstain from posting any further skewed Indian 'history' and educate yourself outside of Indian nationalist propaganda
If Portugal poclaims today that they will give portuguese citizenship to the rest of India as in Goa then i am sure there will be a stampeede in front of the portugal embassy in India to subnmit the documents for the portuguese passport that is the hypocricy of these people !
Portugal is the slum house of Europe who would want to go there all the goans take the passport and move to the rest of Europe most of them don't even speak Portuguese so why would they even live there honestly Portugal would be better off as part of Spain
And look how freedom from the Portuguese rule worked out for Goa. An egregious fall from grace. A shadow of what it once was. A once unique culture, now all but lost. Went back there in 2022 and was truly appalled by what I saw. It's unrecognisable and been turned into another Indian dump.
@jiti5034 the person might be Portuguese already? But in all fairness, people always reminisce good about the past while forgetting what was bad (unless it was horrifyingly bad).
@jiti5034 not necessarily, this person might have been of Portuguese heritage. But in that case, they are forgetting the inquisition that they imposed on Goa
People will not recognise the contribution of Nehru in leading this master surgical strike. Some will say Nehru is to be blamed for this success. Shame on them
Tbh it was very easy to overtake Goa because of the sheer size of Indian army compared to Portuguese troops, and they were surrounded. This isn't to discredit our army, its just that it was an easy battle. Nehru however was too non violent and peace loving to be a good wartime leader, and that showed in the 1962 Sino-Indian war. Shastri, even while being non violent was a better wartime leader.
Thanks for the contribution.we salute you..But now after the freedom our activists have to go to Delhi to give message to Modi and court on behalf of all fateful goans.😢
What stupid. They killed thousands of us. Because they wanted to spread Christianity. Your own ancestors were probably a Hindu who was forced to convert.
My earlier point was, wasn't Goa a part of Portuguese empire and the citizens of Goa citizens of Portugal? This is unlike British empire where the Indians were not British citizens. In that regard, wasn't the attack on Goa and subsequent surrender an invasion by a new state according to international law? Just asking
@@silverghost5752 I read about it. But why do you think it matters? Before portuguese, adil shah dynasty ruled it. You mean it would have been better to return it to descendants of that dynasty? Or to the descandants of kannada or Marathi empires who were fighting between themselves for that part? These empires were different countries at that time, dont forget. Now among all these empires another empire comes to trade but get attacked and retaliates and wins. Winner not only keep the land but make it part of their empire and the people its citizens. So you tell me why not?? Also why do you think vatican has anything to do what portugal is doing..lol.
@@albertjoseph9684 Look Indo-Luso, I understand your frustration. Your kind feels left out in contemporary India because you eat here stake your loyalties elsewhere. You vent your frustrations out on Indian government and Hindus and hold them responsible for your loss of prestige and position which you enjoyed under Portugese rule because you converted danced to the tune of the whites. You also felt a false sense of superiority over the majority. Now history has left you in the limbo. Come to terms, bro or get left out!
@@silverghost5752 All Indians "danced to the tune of the whites" which is precisely why Indians are so colour obsessed!!! India is the world's largest market for skin-lightening products, the demand by Indian aunties for girls to be 'fair' so that they'll get married is all-consuming. At least be honest.
Goa is still liberal and educated compared to main land India , even youth first think about visiting and enjoying Goa during their college days ,it’s because of the European culture that still exists , love Goa and Kerala , ❤they have different ethos
European culture 😅😅...Portugese were the most bigoted and obscurantist of Europeans. They carried out Inquisition on Hindus in Goa until the 19th century. Get a grip on history and facts bro!😅
Sure Goa is a great place and most of us love to visit it, but not because it was brutally ruled by Portuguese, because of its beaches which always existed. Care to define different ethos you are referring to? Even the education couldn't save them from becoming Islamic sympathizer (ISIS) and communist state. Even, Al Bagdadi and Bin Laden were highly qualified. Don't spread your hatred and divisiveness hate monger!
@eltonpereira875 Converts only shout most, u can apply for Portuguese passport n move out, see how european Portuguese treat a convert living in delusion of the colonizers.
only converts feel that way and than they take portuguse passport but stay in UK not in their beloved portugal ,, hypocrisy ,, the day UK wil stop European union passports no one will take portuguese passports
Apart from covering the roads with tarmac and invasion of Goa by non Christians, Indira Ghandi did nothing for Goa and now it is the dirtiest place in India.
freedom fighters who fought for goa's liberation thought that they will have better days after liberation, they never imagined that goa would be how it is today an they are really sorry for what is going on in goa today, an most of the freedom fighters children have migrated to the western countries with Portuguese passport specialy from the majority community of goa.
😂😂😂 You mean to say slavery of Portuguese was way better than freedom. Anyways you accepted Goa is liberated from Portuguese, which is enough to prove Goa was under Portuguese Dictatorship and Portuguese were invaders in the name or in the cover of your scripted gift deeds🤣
@@Rahul-K1822 chedeycha ghatia, coward an a fraud person belonging to the rss IT cell an one who is known to post comments using fake ID'S an also fraudulently posting comments on other people's ID'S, you first reveal your real ID by posting comments using your own name an also let me know you are a native of which village of goa.
@@Rahul-K1822are ghatia chedeycha you people entered goa illegally during Portuguese rule and now calling yourself goans. If you are goan then show me atleast one document which states you are native goan.
Portuguese blood runs through the veins of the Goan people. There was no integration at all. Nobody asked the Goans what they wanted. There was a military invasion that nobody wanted. The work of the Portuguese is visible. Today Goa is the richest state in India.
get lost from goa to portugal v goans always wnated to be an integarl part of india u guys were converted and brianwashed to support portuguese u were goans orignally still if u dont like india u r welcome to leave india
The current peaceful and secular environment of goa is because of 450 years Portuguese rule. Now slowly communal poison has entered there by right wing.
secular environment was created by force conversion by churches and killings of hindus tribals , i am against BJP but you cannot fight communalism with different type of communalism naming it secular
Portuguese were never secular, they were settler colonisers, and I do agree that majoritarianism is on the rise all over india that dosent mean you can glorify the horrors or portugese rule. And If you so enjoy portugese colonialism you are free to move to portugal. Goa now belongs to india for eternity.😊
@@skywalker8940you are a ghati from maharashtra who entered goa during Portuguese rule an that too illegally an if you think Portuguese rule was so bad then why your ancestors entered goa during Portuguese rule?
@@Curiosity403 lol bjp is doing the worst dude, moving biharis and UP people to destroy indigenous peoples lives, you like biharis so much you can take them in your own house.
You fought to make Goa a colony of Delhi. No jobs and land for original Goans. Goa was annexed by the use of military force. A pacifist and non-violent India had to use its vast military force to annex tiny Goa. Goans are made homeless in Goa. Shame on you.
@@leonbarboza1619Mass immigration of foreigners is easier to reverse through deportations than the unlimited internal mass immigration of fellow citizens allowed by Article 19 of the Indian constitution.
Goa made a big mistake by being part of India who is ruled by Greedy politicians Wilson Churchil said that Country will be Ruled by Dacoits..n that is the Fact
Winston Churchill was himself one of the greatest dacoit, imperialist and murderer of 3 million indian people in 1943 bengal famine. And if you like britain go there and live, don't lecture us. We've taken enough of your lectures. We will not take lectures from a man who worships and cold blooded murderer like churchill.
As goan the process of Portuguese occupation is presented with either black and white...
Where as in reality history lies somewhere in between..
Portuguese were most brutal during there intial years with there religiousity..
Most torturous of them was inquisition ...
But later part of 19 th century they were as able administrators in goa as rest of india
Many people fail to give credit where its due ..
They left goa with far more able administration then British did.
Common civil code , keeping of land records are finest examples
Plus the Portuguese gave citizenship to all Goans. No other colony got that honour.
Goa was not considered a colony but rather an overseas ("Ultramarino") province of Portugal, officially designated Estado Português da Índia i.e. Portugal's Indian state. Consequently, Goans had, and still have, by descent, a full right to citizenship@@JosephMarques-r9o
👍
Gulami Is Gulami
@@jiti5034yes for that reason fekuchand has made you all Gulams of the Adanis and Ambanis !
AMAZING! As a British Indian, I rely on TH-cam for my history lessons. They never teach the real history in the classroom. Jai Ho! I never knew the Portuguese only left in 1961. I am proud of you Indian warriors!
Thanks for watching and commenting :) Please subscribe to our channel and share this video with friends and family.
Hello sir
As a Goan I don't care. Portuguese were much better.
Coz they filled your coffers with the loot money simply because you converted to their faith. European colonizers have exploited India much much more than they gave it back. So plz..slurrp your sorpotel and stop crying coz Dadda ain't coming back for you.@@linzcoutinho6541
Yes, but please do not rely on BBC for lessons on Indian history. 😂🙏🏻
BBC = christian supremacists.
Only when we know how we got freedom can we all understand its true value. Millions of indians have given there life and blood to secure us this freedom which we today enjoy. Lets take a pledge to never forget those bravehearts who fought so we could live a life of dignity and freedom. Never again will we be so weak to be colonised and trampled by upon by foreign invaders coming through land or sea. India will be free until the existence of humanity, never again will we be a colony. Jai hind, jai bharat.
Don't exaggerate
India isn't 'free', it's burdened by backwards religiosity and superstition! Oh, and the caste system.
@charananekibalijaun8837 thats is the truth, not exaggeration
@@navneetyadav5275 so please elaborate, how millions of indians died for their freedom
@@charananekibalijaun8837 around 4 million soldiers served in WW1 and WW2, both times because the British promised to free India after the war if they helped Britain. Apart from that? The 1942-43 Bengal famine saw 4+ million deaths (yes, most of those people were normal people and not freedom fighters, but had India been independent, the chances of those many deaths were slim), the bloodshed during partition, thousands of freedom fighters in the INA and independent groups that were killed by British, etc, it really could be over 1 million.
Wow .. just wow... her enthusiasm still stands loud and clear... 😊
Or is it just a matter of changing sides post facto to gain acceptance in the new reality? An obvious catholic/Christian lady, possibly influenced all her life by the Portuguese, saying she sided with the Indian authorities and army. I will call that out. It sounds a lot like Muslims of India who claim that they rejected the idea of Pakistan and chose not to go there.
Dhruv Rathee video is very different from this. He hasn't mentioned the Portuguese brutality at all.
That is what you get for watching a m@r@n. My family had to run away from Goa to Kerala to escape Portuguese persecution. There are lakhs of Konkanis like us who had to run away leaving close family and everything to Karnataka and Kerala
@@prabhukod1 And yet you're still crying about a past you can't change nor were you born into! No wonder everything takes so much time in India and progress is slow, you keep worrying about the past instead of concentrating on the future, which is a very good reason why China is so far ahead of India at this stage, they're simply not bothered about the past!
@@SenorSol
Hey, how are you doing? 😂
Back again in the comment section, distributing your third-grade wisdom. 😂
@@parjanyashukla176 I'm always good, unlike India's pollution levels! 😎
@@prabhukod1 Didn't they invade with the help of Hindu Brahmin for their greed by suppressing lower caste people of Goa. If you see now most of the land and temples in Goa belong to Hindu high caste Brahmins which were grabbed with the help of Portuguese laws.
The voice of freedom. So necessary .
Thanks for watching, Leila.
The Portuguese massacred tens of thousands of Hindus and tortured Hindus who refused to convert to Christianity. Barbarians
Moguls finished 8cr of our people and took our mahilas like rundi during their 600yrs rule in India
Nobody believes Libia Lobo's narrative, harsh truth is that she used her time in the jungle to fool around with Vaman Sardesai against the wishes of her parents. But they had no children so her foolish tendencies end with her.
Goa is such a beautiful, peaceful place now run over by tourists, who have not much idea about history.
This shows, freedom is an illusion.😢😢😢😢no man is truly free..
Just returned from goa. Stayed in Candolim for 3 days. I realise how blessed the place is. Back to the grind in Mumbai.
Not just the "grind" but the appalling pollution levels too! So much for India not meeting its net zero targets by 2070, eh? Do you think Modi will have to issue gas masks to every citizen of every major Indian city?? 😊
@@SenorSol Don't whine, enjoy freedom under Vishwaguru
This video shows exactly the power that the Media has in changing history to their favour lol.
There are many Portuguese stories my grandma used to tell me growing up.
Superb!!!! Am so happy for your achievement!!!! 👏
No Goan fought for independence.... especially the Portuguese bloodline.....
No one cares about your Portuguese bloodline anymore 😂
Portuguese the first to enter India and the last to leave. The irony is people running after Portuguese passport. An important question why?
Because of economy, europe is still considered by people for best quality of life, India is still far behind and indian politicians has made the country worst. earlier foreign powers looted india now politicians are looting india.
@@jeevanrego460 exactly. Politicians should be ashamed of insulting the blood sacrificed for 500 years
Why are Indians running to Europe, Canada, Gulf, Australia and the US
Religion.
@@jeevanrego460 So, Goa should become portuguese, again...rulled by Portuguese, better economy, secutity, evrything clean. Goa people , think about that.
So very well narrated in a short film. The build up to the excitement of liberation as a Goan it gave me the chills. Kudos to Mr. Bhembre and Mrs Lobo Sardessai the true voices of freedom.
So glad you enjoyed watching it. Please share it forward and subscribe to our channel :)
@@AF-uo8ur No body asked for your opinion.
Bhembre, Sardesai you are the pioneers of freedom in Goa along with the Satyagrahis. And without the Indian Army Goa would not have become free from Portuguese Military Occupation! Jai Hind!! This video is a revelation about our past which is seldom known! 🙏🇮🇳🇮🇳🙏.
Vande Mataram. 20-12-2023
You won't know about Francisco Luis Gomes, T.B.Cunha, Menezes Braganza, Evargisto George and the Pinto's revolt because they were Catholics
@@JosephMarques-r9o All those people you mentioned should be celebrated, if they contributed to liberation and integration of goa but don't cry discrimination. Catholicism was imposed on goa by the Portuguese.
"Afonso de Albuquerque wrote to King Manuel that the Portuguese needed not only to build stone houses but to raise sons and daughters-with Indian wives-who would have a vested interest in Portuguese rule."
What good does political decolonization do if we are governed by the same colonial ideas, let the native beliefs prevail.
@@kaliketu But Goa is now ruled by Delhi babus
@@JosephMarques-r9o it is not ruled by people of other states rather served by them likewise many goans serve other parts of the country, if you can't draw a distinction between colonialists and fellow countrymen thats your problem
@@kaliketu Just like the Aryans from Central Asia and colonized the aboriginal Indians who are now called adivasis.
All those years of British occupation and administration, Goa wasn't snatched from Portuguese is beyond me.
The Portuguese are the oldest allies of the British. This is recorded history.
Its because churchill invited sal azar to to Westminster for lunch over crispy fish and chips....😅😅😅 remember churchill was also a great natural briber😅
Today all those people who has Portuguese passports seen with high respect and the goans are proud of all things Portuguese 🇵🇹..most people are want Portuguese citizenship
Most of them only want it as it wd be easier to apply for British citizenship and with brexit it's only worse .
Portugal is a poor country.. fuck that land of Robbers
@@TrendingTigerBerserk Says someone who has never been to Portugal! Their infrastructure, and cleanliness, is infinitely better than India!
They only take purtugese passports to drop them in 5 years latter they either take british or back indian nattionality and come back to india
Not all Goans. Not even the majority. Mostly those who claim Portuguese descent.
Salute to the Freedom Fighters and Activists ❤
Running this video about Portuguese colonial past should have been so awkward for BBC😂
Why?
Why?
problem I have with this doc. It only talks through the exp of 2 people. I wish they had more people who lived through that time.
Only voice which hit close...and best certificate from the enemy
Thanks for watching, Vibhu. Please share the film with friends and family :) And let us know how they liked it.
@@bbcnewsindia Welcome. I sure will share the film further and get back to you.
The question is are the Goans better off in terms of crime, cleanliness, administration under India or the Portuguese?
Yes. Got ur answer?
Portuguese @@Oregunian
Goals were far better off with the Portuguese and they didn't want to become Indians at all.
@@fernandesvh7 They are Indians 99% of them not even half blood, all converted Hindus
Goans are a peaceful lot, thanks to the Portuguese influence. Look at what's happening to the rest of India.
Correct Sir and Maam🙏.This history I have heard from freedom fighters first hand narration.❤ Proud of such Goans.🙏
Goa was (and probably still is) one of the best regions in the Indian subcontinent. Indian and Latin culture beautifully blended as a result of 450 years of Portuguese rule. I'm from Kerala, but I always enjoyed being among Goans.
The Portuguese inquisition was brutal for the Hindus of Goa. Beauty through oppression.
its been ruined by randians bro
@@kc4276Caste system and sati were worse. Still prevailing. Do something about it
@@thegreatest36516/9 Community ( Katuwa's ) All Interfering Now In Indian Matter
go Find Your New Daddy On China "! 🐖💨💨
@@JosephMarques-r9o Lol In Western World Womans Were Burnt Alive In The Name Of " Witch Hunting "
And Balck And White Discrimination Is Still High ( I Can't Breath ) ! 😂 🐕💨💨
Still Portugal kept something to Goa and it is useful now that we don't have jobs in Goa they gave us the Portuguese identity.. to go and work all over Europe.. otherwise lots of people die in india of hunger.. Great job VIVA PORTUGUESE.
They have fought the Portuguese, now they all want portuguese passports
The majority of Goans never fought the Portuguese 🙄
AMAZING. THANK YOU BBC.
wow, amazing how Hindus and Christians United under nationalism to liberate a self sustained state.
Truly Indian!!
I also remember how the Orthodox Christians resisted the Portuguese during the "Coonan Cross Covenant"
India is truly a miracle.
"Miracle" is an odd term for a country that has the most polluted cities on the planet!
@@SenorSol you should go and read the meaning of the word "miracle' in the Merium-Webster or the Oxford Dictionary, there's no correlation between a miracle and pollution there.
@@abc_cba You're right, there's no correlation at all, which is why I'd never use the term 'miracle' in conjunction with India's development, mainly because it's too slow, too haphazard, too beset by corruption, delays, and inefficiency, and of course any 'progress' that is made always comes with a cost, ie more pollution!
Goa was annexed by the use of military force
@@JosephMarques-r9o Thank god for that, eh?
We left Goa over 400 hundred years ago...
That was soon after the Portuguese assault.
Having come from the north (Kashmir) many generations before.
We moved south along the western coast. Settled elsewhere.
Konkani remains the mother tongue for most. Our stories and thoughts still point north,
towards Goa.
GSBs are Kashmiris not Goans
@@JosephMarques-r9o God shall add...
@@JosephMarques-r9o we all originate from africa, whats your point? they are native indians and thats all that matters, people have moved across india since ages, you have a christian(European) name how are you goan(since you are questioning GSBs)
@@kaliketu Are GSBs Goans?
@@JosephMarques-r9o they are indian that's it, every indian must be commited to protect the customs/languages of the region he/she is living in
Now stories remains the same after liberation goa still migrating with portuguese passport, that means portuguese is better off
Bye bye
there was an exodus because, its kinda known globally india is a failed state, sorry to say it.
Portuguese Rule was Golden age of Goa.
Surrender your Indian ID's and go to Portugal.
@@Rahul-K1822chedeycha ghatia the main comment is posted by you by fraudulently entering my TH-cam account. Ghatia have some courage to debate an don't use fake accounts in other people's names to post comments. You proved that you are a ghati an not a goan.
Golden Age for Converts-- mostly coastal fisherfolk. 😅
@@silverghost5752 😂😂😂
I agree
Great struggle of goans getting freedom. Good to hear the fact ❤
Have been to Goa once but was always curious to know about how it got freedom. Thank You for this!
Thanks so much for your comment. Please subscribe to our channel for more such videos. And share it forward :)
How's the Goa now? In terms of facilities and safety, do Goan people have a voice now?
@@viajante_de_goa very good question ! The rest of India thinks that they have done a big favour in liberating india but now we know that the builders lobby from the rest of india had vested interests and wanted to loot Goa and Goans of thier ancestral lands !
Democracy is the voice. First elect good people and see the differance. We vote either for money or govt. Jobs not for facilities.
Because of Portugese Goa is a International tourist centre otherwise it will be a begger states like North India.
Beggars because of traitors like you ... india doing great without British...Portuguese ...you and your traitor uncles 😅😅😅😅
Sir Uday Bembre is one true Goan gentlemen
Bhembro fked Goans on Konkani language
Loved it. Regards.... 🙏🏻
Thanks so much for watching :)
But our goa is sold to outsider n finished everything s n even BJP party sold our motherland n mother river to outsider . Russian enter n many other countries people enter in Goa because of this BJP party . Useless
Outsides. Portuguese were born in Bharat?
People like you are a disgrace. Bastov.
Now 1000s of Portuguese women comes every year to goa to satisfy goa men 😂😂😂
So why do goans vote for bjp , anyways ?
@@Trust-z9van there are many European men who comes to India to take pleasure from Indian woman, if I am wrong then check the news papers of goa.
Even now Goa has to have independent. It can be done by opinion poll. We can have our own country. India makes another colony without choice. Portuguese has given a chance to be part of European union.
Well, Goa was originally part of India. The Indians won't allow for independence because others would ask for it. Portugal and EU is different. Portugal was independent, a country. Goa was not.
@@QUINTUSMAXIMUS ._.
Anthony Gosalves,,,, crawl to Portugal .....Anti national
There’s also the issue of the vast majority of Goans not wanting to join some sandas dhupi in a failed state in the midst of immigrant rapine.
@@Pasta-b5e Can you please explain in simple terms,, take names be bold...
Salute
I am in Goa now for vacation. Glad they are free...these videos help a lot.
Despite everything, the Portuguese were the best occupiers of India. No wonder Goa is today the richest state in India.
best "european" occupiers.
Still it’s the best
Thank the Portuguese, Goa is a unique place in all India, with a fascinating culture. Not even the British left that legacy.
British legacy is the Parliament, the Indian Railways, secular legal system, equality before law! Let's not compare little Goa ruled by the Portugese to the rest of India!
At what cost?
Forced conversion and brutuality
True,but I believe the uniform civil code implemented by them in Goa was the most important legacy.
you left us with something else: Inquisition,
Goa , Damão and Diu . History cannot be erased, and it was a beautiful , great history from Portugal.
I'm a goan and we're not portuguese😂
@@kk7420 Of course not, but we have 400 years of common history. Roman Empire also once dominated the Lusitanos, the people that the portuguese descend. They even made us slaves. But we do not criticize, it is history. No complexes
Bruh as a Portuguese Indian in Goa I can tell you everyone here loves being part of India...
All the "Goans" and criers in the comments are Portuguese or Pakistani 💀
exactly. I'm goan and a proud Indian and my best friend is a kashmiri muslim. Each region of the indian subcontinent has its own unique history but we were never european
Im from porvorim goa, Daman and dui my family prior to indian occupation of goa so called freedom fighers speaking english Portugese and kit n kin passport?
My dad was on INS Vikrant. Indian navy ships were involved in clearing the islands occupied by portuguese troops and keeping western navies like britain out of our territorial waters.
Brit navy wanted to rescue handful of its citizens.
Once in they would have never left.
Your dad wasn't on the INS Vikrant, he was a local chai wallah. At least be honest. I used to buy chai from him!
Besides, the Vikrant was a hand-me-down from the Brits, you got their sloppy seconds!! 🤣🤣🤣
@@SenorSolsounds like someone is salty 😂 Cry more CRY HARDER 😂😂 🤡🤡
@@BasedTruthSeeker Salty about what exactly?? INS Vikrant was a British hand-me-down, the Brits literally taught India how to 'navy'!
@@SenorSol And where is their navy now? And the Indians actually showed the Europeans how to ‘Navy’ concidering even they bought ships from India that lasted 20 years vs 12 years for any European ship. At least get your facts straight 🤡🤡🤡🤡
@@SenorSol And which hand me down? INS Vikrant is a brand new carrier made within India completely. Also the same British that fled hand over foot after Daddy Russia threatened them in 1971? We used your old equipment and still you couldn’t do nothing about it with Daddy America by your side 🤡
India has never gone to wat with anyone in earth, unless it's as little as Goa.
The jokers who played the songs of freedom of Goa from India are all enjoying their lives in some or the other western country shamelessly indeed, and proud too.
There was peace but no justice!! it is possible!
Is Goa free? it was just replaced by bigger rouges and rascals from Delhi / Gujarat.... together they have destroyed Goa.
Na Vatican rice bag
@@catsid87no ghatis like you.
Easiest conquest on record...
The worst thing that happened in Goa was India invading Goa and colonising and destroying it to this day
@vishveshkhanzode9342 Considering the people of Goa overwhelmingly voted to remain seperate from India, and India took it over anyway, I would call that colonisation.
Ur portugese?
@@stressfreelifebyrizwan5017 none of your business
Vanishing culture
People from all over the world didn't visit Goa then did they ☠️
Goa was much better during Portuguese governance. Clean and laws were good. No corruption. Still we are governed by Portuguese civil code. Freedom fighters are right in their context however there is other side of the story also. It will be a big debate. Finally I ask is Goa free? Only Goans can answer it others will hardly know.
Goa had an exodus of people leaving once india occupied, why did so many of the catholics seek asylum in Portugal, UK etc.? why did indian supreme court on two occasions decide it was an invasion?
Goa has become a colony of Delhi
@@thegreatest3651That's because Catholics are not given jobs and are treated like second class citizens
@@thegreatest3651Converts lorded it over the Hindus and humiliated them during the time of Portugese occupation. Now its their turn. Called Karma.
@@thegreatest3651 why did so many of the catholics seek asylum in Portugal, UK etc. for economic reason
As a goan, the worst thing that could have happened to my beautiful state, the Indian government marching in marked the death of Goa, the Portuguese knew what it was to run a country now it’s a state run by a headless chicken
They can’t even run their own country, despite centuries of colonial wealth being amassed they’re now a sick man of Europe being overrun by illegal hordes destined to destroy them, can’t say it isn’t earned.
Show this to Goan people fighting and protesting for Saint Francis Xavier.
Why did it take India Nehru so many 15 years or more to take over lil goa Nehru was scared of Portuguese
Sir Ji the Britisher did not leave peacefully
Of course they did.
Viva goa viva portugal para sempre
And how did you fight the British
I'm a goan and we're not portuguese😂
1961???!!!!
Really?!!!!!!
OMG
@mihirojha4475
you wrote that millions gave their blood for independence. Firstly: 74187 Indian dollars died during World war 1, roughly 87000 Indian soldiers died during World war 2. Ironically, you decided to refer to the Bengal famine. While none of the victims died in a struggle for Indian independence, you also decided to exaggerate the death toll but what's even worse: the Bengal famine was a direct result of the regional autonomous Bengal government's failure to adhere to the Famine codes procedures. You will probably blame British for the famine while the exact opposite is the case, it's a blatant failure from the Bengal provincial government, which was run exclusively by Bengalis themselves. A shortage caused by hoarding of grains, which could only be ended, when the British sent in the army to break open the warehouses. It was self inflicted and directly proved to the British, that indians weren't capable of governing themselves responsibly. Please abstain from posting any further skewed Indian 'history' and educate yourself outside of Indian nationalist propaganda
If Portugal poclaims today that they will give portuguese citizenship to the rest of India as in Goa then i am sure there will be a stampeede in front of the portugal embassy in India to subnmit the documents for the portuguese passport that is the hypocricy of these people !
Portugal is the slum house of Europe who would want to go there all the goans take the passport and move to the rest of Europe most of them don't even speak Portuguese so why would they even live there honestly Portugal would be better off as part of Spain
At least Goan people do not endure the British colonialism.
Not goa only daman and diu also
And look how freedom from the Portuguese rule worked out for Goa. An egregious fall from grace. A shadow of what it once was. A once unique culture, now all but lost.
Went back there in 2022 and was truly appalled by what I saw. It's unrecognisable and been turned into another Indian dump.
ok then you are free to take Portuguese citizenship
@jiti5034 the person might be Portuguese already? But in all fairness, people always reminisce good about the past while forgetting what was bad (unless it was horrifyingly bad).
@@Tathagatchat Might be who cares.... what matters is these
Converted" people denying that their ancestors were Indians only
@jiti5034 not necessarily, this person might have been of Portuguese heritage. But in that case, they are forgetting the inquisition that they imposed on Goa
Womp womp India is developing more than Portugal cry about it
Survival of the fittest.
Salute to Charles Darwin.
People will not recognise the contribution of Nehru in leading this master surgical strike. Some will say Nehru is to be blamed for this success. Shame on them
Sadly woke nationalists have nothing left except to disgrace our indian leaders who don't match their hateful ideology
Tbh it was very easy to overtake Goa because of the sheer size of Indian army compared to Portuguese troops, and they were surrounded. This isn't to discredit our army, its just that it was an easy battle.
Nehru however was too non violent and peace loving to be a good wartime leader, and that showed in the 1962 Sino-Indian war. Shastri, even while being non violent was a better wartime leader.
Nehru had promised special status for Goa. Never gave it. Today Goa has become a colony of Delhi
Do we have justice and feedom today Sardesai?
As a goan, we're not portuguese😂
Thanks for the contribution.we salute you..But now after the freedom our activists have to go to Delhi to give message to Modi and court on behalf of all fateful goans.😢
Portugal 🇵🇹 government is very good job in our GOA , 🎉🎉🎉
What stupid. They killed thousands of us. Because they wanted to spread Christianity. Your own ancestors were probably a Hindu who was forced to convert.
My earlier point was, wasn't Goa a part of Portuguese empire and the citizens of Goa citizens of Portugal? This is unlike British empire where the Indians were not British citizens.
In that regard, wasn't the attack on Goa and subsequent surrender an invasion by a new state according to international law? Just asking
Just who all ruled Goa before the Portugese came along in the 16th century? Go read some history before you BS on international law.😅
Why don't you ask Vatican to move against India on this matter?😉
@@silverghost5752 I read about it. But why do you think it matters?
Before portuguese, adil shah dynasty ruled it. You mean it would have been better to return it to descendants of that dynasty? Or to the descandants of kannada or Marathi empires who were fighting between themselves for that part? These empires were different countries at that time, dont forget.
Now among all these empires another empire comes to trade but get attacked and retaliates and wins. Winner not only keep the land but make it part of their empire and the people its citizens.
So you tell me why not??
Also why do you think vatican has anything to do what portugal is doing..lol.
@@albertjoseph9684 Look Indo-Luso, I understand your frustration. Your kind feels left out in contemporary India because you eat here stake your loyalties elsewhere. You vent your frustrations out on Indian government and Hindus and hold them responsible for your loss of prestige and position which you enjoyed under Portugese rule because you converted danced to the tune of the whites. You also felt a false sense of superiority over the majority. Now history has left you in the limbo. Come to terms, bro or get left out!
@@silverghost5752 All Indians "danced to the tune of the whites" which is precisely why Indians are so colour obsessed!!! India is the world's largest market for skin-lightening products, the demand by Indian aunties for girls to be 'fair' so that they'll get married is all-consuming. At least be honest.
Goa completely different of India, Goa still not free.
I'm goan and we are Indian, not portuguese😂. We dont even look portuguese
Ohhhh
Neharu is only responsible for goans suffering.
Who is "Neharu"??? Sounds like a Japanese fisherman!
At last radio said british
❤
Giving Goa to India doesn’t equal freedom
Goa is still liberal and educated compared to main land India , even youth first think about visiting and enjoying Goa during their college days ,it’s because of the European culture that still exists , love Goa and Kerala , ❤they have different ethos
European culture ?? Yeah just forget about the massacre and killings they did ?
European culture 😅😅...Portugese were the most bigoted and obscurantist of Europeans. They carried out Inquisition on Hindus in Goa until the 19th century. Get a grip on history and facts bro!😅
People visit Goa for the beaches and cheap liquor. Also for the ‘parties’ (if you know what I mean).
Sure Goa is a great place and most of us love to visit it, but not because it was brutally ruled by Portuguese, because of its beaches which always existed. Care to define different ethos you are referring to? Even the education couldn't save them from becoming Islamic sympathizer (ISIS) and communist state. Even, Al Bagdadi and Bin Laden were highly qualified. Don't spread your hatred and divisiveness hate monger!
@@blandingscastle3729 are you a goan? An from where you got this Information that inquisition was for hindus?
Jai Gomantak!!!
Vande Mataram!!!
Read about Goa Inquisition by Portuguese. How Hindus were persecuted and temples destroyed & churches built on it.
What's the use so many Hindu SC/ST/OBC and Saraswat Brahmins got converted to Christianity and they never came back to their roots.
Liberation of Goa brought curse on Goans
Feel free to migrate to beloved Portugal. No one's stopping you.😅
@@silverghost5752 who want stay in the cursed land anyway...
@eltonpereira875 Converts only shout most, u can apply for Portuguese passport n move out, see how european Portuguese treat a convert living in delusion of the colonizers.
@@eltonpereira875 Go and wash Portugese underwears in Lisbon. 😁
only converts feel that way and than they take portuguse passport but stay in UK not in their beloved portugal ,, hypocrisy ,, the day UK wil stop European union passports no one will take portuguese passports
Apart from covering the roads with tarmac and invasion of Goa by non Christians, Indira Ghandi did nothing for Goa and now it is the dirtiest place in India.
Are you a real Saraswat or a deluded Christian ?
Invasion of Goa by non Christians? Goa was Shivaji’s territory before the Portuguese. So who are the invaders here?
Non Christian invasion? The audacity!!
@@user-oq2rk7ep8fWas Shivaji born in 1510?
My grandfather told me different stories. Nothing like this. This is bs.
your grandfather is bs😂
i wouldn't be surprised if your coloniser grandfather still thought goa was portuguese😂
freedom fighters who fought for goa's liberation thought that they will have better days after liberation, they never imagined that goa would be how it is today an they are really sorry for what is going on in goa today, an most of the freedom fighters children have migrated to the western countries with Portuguese passport specialy from the majority community of goa.
Most of the so called freedom fighters were gold smugglers and petty thieves
@@JosephMarques-r9o "Gold smugglers and petty thieves", sounds like a large percentage of the Indian population!
😂😂😂 You mean to say slavery of Portuguese was way better than freedom.
Anyways you accepted Goa is liberated from Portuguese, which is enough to prove Goa was under Portuguese Dictatorship and Portuguese were invaders in the name or in the cover of your scripted gift deeds🤣
@@Rahul-K1822 chedeycha ghatia, coward an a fraud person belonging to the rss IT cell an one who is known to post comments using fake ID'S an also fraudulently posting comments on other people's ID'S, you first reveal your real ID by posting comments using your own name an also let me know you are a native of which village of goa.
@@Rahul-K1822are ghatia chedeycha you people entered goa illegally during Portuguese rule and now calling yourself goans. If you are goan then show me atleast one document which states you are native goan.
Portuguese blood runs through the veins of the Goan people.
There was no integration at all. Nobody asked the Goans what they wanted.
There was a military invasion that nobody wanted.
The work of the Portuguese is visible. Today Goa is the richest state in India.
Goa in not at all the richest state in India
❤
@@homelander2759It used to be Punjab the richest state.
get lost from goa to portugal v goans always wnated to be an integarl part of india u guys were converted and brianwashed to support portuguese u were goans orignally still if u dont like india u r welcome to leave india
Goans literally wanted to join India
The current peaceful and secular environment of goa is because of 450 years Portuguese rule. Now slowly communal poison has entered there by right wing.
secular environment was created by force conversion by churches and killings of hindus tribals , i am against BJP but you cannot fight communalism with different type of communalism naming it secular
The peaceful environment of Goa and rest of India is being poisoned by Jihadis and Islamists.
😂😂😂 Portuguese secular! It's like Nobel peace prize given to Osama.
Portuguese were never secular, they were settler colonisers, and I do agree that majoritarianism is on the rise all over india that dosent mean you can glorify the horrors or portugese rule. And If you so enjoy portugese colonialism you are free to move to portugal. Goa now belongs to india for eternity.😊
my comments were deleted because i mentioned forced conversion by missionary@@yajatsen2657
Free from what, Portugal rightfully had sovereignty over Goa.
See how Goans defending Portuguese in comments
Christian goans
@@skywalker8940you are a ghati from maharashtra who entered goa during Portuguese rule an that too illegally an if you think Portuguese rule was so bad then why your ancestors entered goa during Portuguese rule?
@@Myworldisgoa Portugese illegaly destroying the local culture doesn't count for people like you ?
Undercover Portuguese
Goans freed Gia from Portugese but now is ruled by immigrants ( Delhi, u. P, bihar) 😂
Thats why I vote for BJP because Congress and Khangressi wants divided India based on C@ste, Religion, Region, Language, R@ce
@@Curiosity403 lol bjp is doing the worst dude, moving biharis and UP people to destroy indigenous peoples lives, you like biharis so much you can take them in your own house.
@@Curiosity403Article 370 has to be expanded to all states of India, not just Nehru's ancestral homeland.
❤
At Nobody listen to shivaji. he fought lots n now dehlikar moddi is rule is going on in goa . At last shivaji words not kept by hindu
You fought to make Goa a colony of Delhi. No jobs and land for original Goans. Goa was annexed by the use of military force. A pacifist and non-violent India had to use its vast military force to annex tiny Goa. Goans are made homeless in Goa. Shame on you.
Our Goa got dumped in India which was Portuguese
See what is Goa today. Has Portuguese people left Goa in this condition? ???What have you done to protect Goa??????
Forced conversion u see?
And what's the state of Portugal except growing migrants from africa and M. East along with rising poverty and inflation
@@leonbarboza1619Mass immigration of foreigners is easier to reverse through deportations than the unlimited internal mass immigration of fellow citizens allowed by Article 19 of the Indian constitution.
Goa made a big mistake by being part of India who is ruled by Greedy politicians Wilson Churchil said that Country will be Ruled by Dacoits..n that is the Fact
But greatest dacoit were British
@@ismartdaya9442you aren't serious, are you? 😂
Winston Churchill was a famous racist who has said disgusting things about Palestinians and aboriginal indigenous people of America and Australia too
@@ismartdaya9442absolutely true😂
Winston Churchill was himself one of the greatest dacoit, imperialist and murderer of 3 million indian people in 1943 bengal famine. And if you like britain go there and live, don't lecture us. We've taken enough of your lectures. We will not take lectures from a man who worships and cold blooded murderer like churchill.
Goa was first occupied by a Muslim sultanate.
This gave me goose bumps....it deserves to be turned into movie.
Thanks for watching :) So glad you enjoyed it.
Thanks a lot for your kind information about the freedom. Our generation should know the fact.
Trouble is Goa didn't want to be freed and over the years has lost its charm by Indian commercialisation
Only converted Christians like you did , not the Hindu people who were persecuted
@@skywalker8940 lol come on man, theres an exodus of people living india, lets call a failed state a failed state
@@thegreatest3651Exodus ?? I don't what your smoking ?