dr mike whenever i watch your videos before my exams i ALWAYS understand your explanations, like straight away i dont know how you do it but keep up the great work lots of love from a nz nursing student
While I was studying, I realized that if the book you are reading, is written by person who’s logic is based on similar thinking pathways as yours, it is very easy and quick to learn new things. Example: I wanted to get a grip of my nutrition. In Finland where I grew up, there is really good public library system. So I borrowed every nutrition book that was in my local library. About 15 different. 8-12 of them were normal ok but boring and required me to stop thinking and create own picture of issue 3-4 times per page. 2-4 were totally off-logic and made me think why and who has published them. And one was written by someone like Dr Mike. Well processed information given in an order that provides building blocks for well structured understanding of the issue.
…so if you want to really learn something, you have to find a books that are written by brains similar to yours. So Mike, if you read this here’s a idea for one video more: Top 10 medical books.
I mentioned on another vid o of yours that I had an insult to my brain, now, years later, I'm having some endocrine related problems which can be related. I'm producing too much nerophenephrine, and I have a multinodular goiter on my thyroid. I have to see an endocrinologist in January, and I'm trying to learn more that I may understand my diagnosis and be of assistance to the doctors by being informed. Your vid is, again, are such a blessing.
The clearest explanation found so far! Great job and thank you! Question here: If I say, in a stress scenario, noradrenaline works more on the psychological part, making the senses alert, meanwhile, the adrenaline works more on the physiological part, making the muscles powerful, would this simplified explanation work?
Just being able to find your videos on a particular topic makes me happy. Coz then I know i will now be able to understand the topic so much better. Thank you
The adrenal gland is not called because it secrets adrenaline, it's called so because it is "Ad = on top" "renal = kidney", and it is adrenaline which is called so because it is secreted by the adrenal gland
The neurotransmitter before the adrenal gland is actually Acethil cholin with nAchReceptors, not noradrenaline, because the adrenal gland is kind of a ganglion of the sympatic nerve.
NO it’s NOT called the adrenal gland because it releases Adrenalin. It’s called the Ad - RENAL gland because it sits on top of the kidneys. Anatomists called it that before they knew it produced a hormone then gave the name to the secretion the Adrenal glands produced
Hi Wow okay so this is basically the first time that ive actually understood the difference between norepinephrine and epinephrine. I would always stay confused because these two are not antagonistic to each other rather they have similar functions. And i never quite understood why we need one of them when we already have the other doing the exact same job. Thanks for the simple explanation. Preparing for my medical entrance test 😥😊
Thank you! This video explained everything and was easy to understand. All the other videos have very think and heavy accents and I couldn’t understand anything!
My current textbook states it is ACh that is the neurotransmitter that is released in the Adrenal Medulla* not Noradrenaline as a neurotransmitter , just an FYI. Also the hormone noradrenaline is also released with adrenaline in the medulla as well.
I think there is a mistake here. The sympathetic nervous system uses acetylcholine rather than noradrenaline as the neurotransmitter to stimulate the adrenal medulla. This gland then starts producing adrenaline which acts as a hormone. However, as you mentioned other organs are innervated by postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system so they are controlled by noradrenaline (with some exceptions like sweat glands and smooth muscles of the blood vessels supplying skeletal muscles with blood, these two cases use acetylcholine).
The effects of noradrenaline / norepinephrine from taking Wellbutrin (AKA Bupropion) have basically destroyed me and my life. In just around 5-15 days after starting 150 mg XL / day, my blood pressure went from 15 years of always being in the 104-110 region to 136-144. Resting heart rate from like 20 years of always being in the 58-63 b/m region to 75-95 - and constantly increasing massively, even to well over 100 b/m, just from simple movements such as just walking to the fridge, changing positions in bed, getting up from a chair, etc. I could never feel my heart beating my whole life, now it constantly pounds like a cylinder trying to smash through my ribcage 24/hrs a day. My mind went from incredibly calm all the time to now feeling like it has 1 million random thoughts a second. I suffered from "severe hypersomnia" and "minor narcolepsy" for around 18 years - that all suddenly disappeared (or is being masked) literally within 5 or so days after starting the Wellbutrin. My irritation levels are off the roof when I used to be known as the "calm guy" in the family my whole life. I suddenly wasn't able to sit still. I would always have to move my arm, leg, face, or any part of my body. I could not stay still. I feel like there's a motor that constantly making me go, never stopping. I never had anxiety or nervousness, even in extreme or high-pressure situations, now I have all the "symptoms" of being anxious and nervous all day every day even though I'm not anxious or nervous about anything AT ALL. I used to be able to sleep in any environment and fall asleep within LITERALLY 30 seconds to 3-ish minutes of hitting the pillow, I now have major insomnia. Because of my previous hypersomnia, I used to have troubles staying awake after just 1 or 2 hours of waking up. Now I can go like 40+ hours without sleep. I have this massive hyper-stimulation all day long. Even when I have the "urge" to sleep, it's like something is trying to push through and make me not sleep. It's sometimes like someone who is tired and needs sleep yet just got 10 cups of coffee forced down his/her throat. I'm taking some supplements like L-theanine, NAC, GABA, potassium gluconate, passion flower, etc. They help a bit but nothing "game changing". I took the Wellbutrin for only around 3 months with an increase to 300 mg/day XL around halfway through (even though all the side effects hit me like a freight train at just 150 mg, let alone 300). It's been around 4 years now and nothing has changed. My doctor said all the side-effects I was experiencing (some which I didn't even mention such as weird neck stuff) was well known and would wear off. 3 months in the treatment and no side-effects wore off, in fact, they were just as INCREDIBLY strong as ever. I'm not sure why but the side-effects barely reduced after stopping the Wellbutrin. It's been 4 years now and I still feel like I'm still taking it even though it's out of your body within 4-8 weeks of stopping well maybe it's "technically" not present in my system anymore but it's clearly caused some sort of massive neurological / chemical change. My doctor doesn't want to do anything because he says all the side-effects should be gone after 4-8 weeks (once it's out of my system) so he's just dismissing everything and not taking me seriously. If anyone knows how to reverse the incredibly potent side-effects of Wellbutrin/Bupropion due to it's increase of noradrenaline / norepinephrine (and dopamine) on the body, please, please, please, PLEASE offer me some guidance. I'm fairly young and was a fairly "regular", healthy person my whole life before taking it. Since then, I feel like I'm having a heart-attack and have a gallon of coffee in me all day, every day. I feel like I'm not even going to make it to 40 years old with my body acting all weird and crazy like this, let alone make it to being an elder.
Bupropion is amphetaminelike antidepressant and amphetamines are not to be taken with caffeine since it may cause your heart to do a much greater output and bupropion not only increases dopamine, norepinephrine and to a lesser extent serotonin but also inhibits their elimination making them last longer.
@@Dariusuzu Thanks for the tip regarding caffeine but I almost never drank caffeine while on bupropion or since stopping bupropion so caffeine intake is not relevant to my case.
Come here to understand what the heck is Noradrenaline is. Been hospitalized for 2 weeks, and the doctor is giving me this. It's so painful, I feel like dying when im injected with it and is under it for almost 2 weeks. Out from the hospital, I still feel the effects. What on earth is that. I have low blood pressure .
the fact is that the adrenal hormone cannot speak to the adrenal gland itself, because the adrenal gland does not have adrenergic receptors, and there is no evidence that the adrenaline hormone talks back to the adrenal gland.
Cushing's Disease and Cushing's Syndrome excess of cortisol hormones generated by adrenal glands that had tumors on them... where is the cortisol come in with the adrenal glands and noradrenaline actions reactions and interactions ?
brilliant! Very well presented. This is fantastic for putting all this together in my mind. Quick question: You say that the adrenaline hormone flows through the bloodstream and tells the other organs to keep doing what they are doing... Hypothetically, lets say one of the organs is unable to receive the message from the Noradrenaline... (like it is lacking the receptor or the nervous system pathway is cut off or something)... would the Adrenaline still tell it "keep doing what you are doing?" Or is there some kind of interaction between the two? Maybe in other words, what do these large organs do in the presence of adrenaline but the absence of noradrenaline (maybe this isn't possible?)
oh! Isn't there something else about Noradrenaline impairing the prefrontal cortex? In one video with Dr. Jim Hopper, he described it like it jumps in between the synapses and slows down the communication signals or something like that. Am I understanding that right?
One is a neurotransmitter, one is a hormone. So how do neurotransmitters differ from hormones? I know the basic mechanics, but not much how it affects my subjective experience. How does a hormonal change feel compared to a neurotransmitter change? I've been recommended to change from an SSRI to an SNRI to reduce the side affects of reduction of sex drive. Not sure if it's the right decision.
I just watch The Ice Man documentary from Vice. They mentioned he might be able to deal with extreme cold temps due to an adrenaline rush to the body. Some guy mentioned in comments (on the movies section) that adrenaline is not good for the heart. Two questions if I may; does constant activation of adrenaline hurt the hear and if so how? And second, would you say it’s adrenaline or epinephrine that he might be producing to withstand the cold? Thanks 😊
Any chance you'd like to make something this brilliant to explain how it works if you are hyperadrenergic? I am, and I've been searching for a explanation to better help my friends and family understand what's happening because to the outside I look absolutely fine and they don't realize the absolute nightmare of cascading events that is occurring within my body despite the fact that they can see nothing except I seem to be very twitchy all of a sudden and nervous. Hyperadrenergic orthostatic intolerance. According to Vanderbilt they gave this explanation (which eventually led me here), "The hyperadrenergic subgroup of OI is characterized by a clinical spectrum including attenuated plasma renin activity and aldosterone, reduced supine blood volume coupled with dynamic orthostatic hypovolemia, elevated plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine, impaired clearance of norepinephrine from the circulation and evidence of partial dysautonomia. When upright posture is assumed, there is a loss of plasma volume from the blood into the surrounding tissue. In normal subjects, about 14% of the plasma volume may leave the blood within 30 minutes of standing. This loss of plasma volume into interstitial tissues is greatly enhanced in patients with OI; occasional patients will lose more than twice this amount of fluid. It is little wonder such patients with supine hypovolemia to begin with develop symptoms in a setting of this excessive dynamic orthostatic hypovolemia. Normal subjects reduce urinary sodium excretion on assumption of upright posture, but patients with OI do so ineffectively. This probably contributes to the severity of their hypovolemia. In patients with florid symptoms of orthostatic intolerance in a setting of hypovolemia and increased plasma norepinephrine, several interesting findings emerge. The plasma renin activity and aldosterone are generally slightly reduced in proportion to the degree of the hypovolemia. This suggests that the reduced renin level may be responsible for the hypovolemia. It is possible that impaired sympathetic innervation of the juxtoglomerular apparatus in the kidney may underlie this renin deficit." That's a bit of a mouthful for people that aren't super into medical. . . *gesticulates wildly* . . .stuff.
Isn’t noradrenaline/norepinephrine a neurotransmitter and a hormone? As it can be secreted by the adrenal gland ? Because there’s another video that explains the chemical difference between adrenaline & noradrenaline both as hormones
When ur dad wants u to be a body builder
But ur mom wants u to be a doc!
Fight or flight?
SkillsGaming haha no it’s just cause this guy is very muscular but that’s a fair analogy of what he said as well
@@js5791 oh this guy😂 I thought someone else
dumb.
He is a muscle MD born nature ...
@@dalidali2757 kid this isn't discord.So it's better for u to go there and quarrel instead of TH-cam comment section
This was probably the best and most concise way of explaining the fight or flight response. Thank you!
I've been trying to understand this for hours and you explained it in minutes. Ty
BEST EXPLAINATION I COULD FIND ON THIS TOPIC SO FAR!!!
After countless of confusing videos, you've explained this so well for me. Thank you!
dr mike whenever i watch your videos before my exams i ALWAYS understand your explanations, like straight away
i dont know how you do it but keep up the great work
lots of love from a nz nursing student
This is the hottest explanation on noradrenaline and adrenaline ever! Thanks a lot!
I am always astonished how someone can explain in minutes what it takes professors hours to explain. Thank you for being succinct and engaging!
Shudup bitch if you weren't a into family medicine you know this.
You did such a good job at explaining this! I get it now! Thanks for the vid!
I can’t believe the simplicity of this session. This made me understand 💯 . Thank you 🙏🏻
You're such a lifesaver for this quick and easy explanation!
Another brilliant video from Dr Mike who has the ability to mind read his students what they are thinking. And makes things simple to understand.
While I was studying, I realized that if the book you are reading, is written by person who’s logic is based on similar thinking pathways as yours, it is very easy and quick to learn new things.
Example: I wanted to get a grip of my nutrition. In Finland where I grew up, there is really good public library system. So I borrowed every nutrition book that was in my local library. About 15 different. 8-12 of them were normal ok but boring and required me to stop thinking and create own picture of issue 3-4 times per page. 2-4 were totally off-logic and made me think why and who has published them. And one was written by someone like Dr Mike. Well processed information given in an order that provides building blocks for well structured understanding of the issue.
…so if you want to really learn something, you have to find a books that are written by brains similar to yours. So Mike, if you read this here’s a idea for one video more: Top 10 medical books.
Thank you for explaining it in such a clear, concise way that is easy to understand
I mentioned on another vid o of yours that I had an insult to my brain, now, years later, I'm having some endocrine related problems which can be related. I'm producing too much nerophenephrine, and I have a multinodular goiter on my thyroid. I have to see an endocrinologist in January, and I'm trying to learn more that I may understand my diagnosis and be of assistance to the doctors by being informed. Your vid is, again, are such a blessing.
perfect! i have been waiting for this moment to finally understand the different between N-adrenalin and adrenalin!!
The clearest explanation found so far! Great job and thank you! Question here: If I say, in a stress scenario, noradrenaline works more on the psychological part, making the senses alert, meanwhile, the adrenaline works more on the physiological part, making the muscles powerful, would this simplified explanation work?
Great Question!
The way you teach is just brilliant
Just being able to find your videos on a particular topic makes me happy. Coz then I know i will now be able to understand the topic so much better. Thank you
Thank you very much Dr. Mike for such a clear and concise explanation. I finally understand their differences.
The adrenal gland is not called because it secrets adrenaline, it's called so because it is "Ad = on top" "renal = kidney", and it is adrenaline which is called so because it is secreted by the adrenal gland
Nagging questions that I’ve had for years are finally superbly answered.
The neurotransmitter before the adrenal gland is actually Acethil cholin with nAchReceptors, not noradrenaline, because the adrenal gland is kind of a ganglion of the sympatic nerve.
yeah he got the signal transmission and hormones bit mixed up. I found it all a bit messed up
NO it’s NOT called the adrenal gland because it releases Adrenalin. It’s called the Ad - RENAL gland because it sits on top of the kidneys. Anatomists called it that before they knew it produced a hormone then gave the name to the secretion the Adrenal glands produced
He solved all my inquiries, and even more. Thank you so much! It really helped 😘
Hi
Wow okay so this is basically the first time that ive actually understood the difference between norepinephrine and epinephrine. I would always stay confused because these two are not antagonistic to each other rather they have similar functions. And i never quite understood why we need one of them when we already have the other doing the exact same job. Thanks for the simple explanation. Preparing for my medical entrance test 😥😊
Congratulations u just gained yourself a new follower
Thank you! This video explained everything and was easy to understand. All the other videos have very think and heavy accents and I couldn’t understand anything!
My midterm is tomorrow this saved me
great/concise explanation
My current textbook states it is ACh that is the neurotransmitter that is released in the Adrenal Medulla* not Noradrenaline as a neurotransmitter , just an FYI. Also the hormone noradrenaline is also released with adrenaline in the medulla as well.
I think there is a mistake here. The sympathetic nervous system uses acetylcholine rather than noradrenaline as the neurotransmitter to stimulate the adrenal medulla. This gland then starts producing adrenaline which acts as a hormone.
However, as you mentioned other organs are innervated by postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system so they are controlled by noradrenaline (with some exceptions like sweat glands and smooth muscles of the blood vessels supplying skeletal muscles with blood, these two cases use acetylcholine).
True true true^^^^
ugh ur so helpful and ur accent is so catchy i can't help but pay attention. thank u!!
Bravo Dr. Mike. You are a saint! Thank you
Thank you. Your teaching style is brilliant.
Great explanation. To the point. very concise. no fluff just facts. For this reason I subscribed to your channel. Keep it up.
so simple yet so clear thank you....
Oh my god, you are an eye opener 😭
3:10
My professor says that all sympathetic receptors receive NA from postsynaptic fiber except 1-sweat gland 2-suprarenal gland 3-some blood vessels
They receive acetylcholine!!
Hey, this was really helpful and engaging. I will surely remember 'Adrenal Gland' now. Thank you.
I liked your explanation it's easy and brief 👍👏
Great teaching Dr. Mike!
DR MIKE YOURE A LEGEND!
amazing..makes it very simple and clear.Thanks
thank you, u provide clear discussions and illustrations on how is it work. :)
Thank you so much for explaining it in few minutes
The effects of noradrenaline / norepinephrine from taking Wellbutrin (AKA Bupropion) have basically destroyed me and my life. In just around 5-15 days after starting 150 mg XL / day, my blood pressure went from 15 years of always being in the 104-110 region to 136-144. Resting heart rate from like 20 years of always being in the 58-63 b/m region to 75-95 - and constantly increasing massively, even to well over 100 b/m, just from simple movements such as just walking to the fridge, changing positions in bed, getting up from a chair, etc. I could never feel my heart beating my whole life, now it constantly pounds like a cylinder trying to smash through my ribcage 24/hrs a day. My mind went from incredibly calm all the time to now feeling like it has 1 million random thoughts a second. I suffered from "severe hypersomnia" and "minor narcolepsy" for around 18 years - that all suddenly disappeared (or is being masked) literally within 5 or so days after starting the Wellbutrin. My irritation levels are off the roof when I used to be known as the "calm guy" in the family my whole life. I suddenly wasn't able to sit still. I would always have to move my arm, leg, face, or any part of my body. I could not stay still. I feel like there's a motor that constantly making me go, never stopping. I never had anxiety or nervousness, even in extreme or high-pressure situations, now I have all the "symptoms" of being anxious and nervous all day every day even though I'm not anxious or nervous about anything AT ALL. I used to be able to sleep in any environment and fall asleep within LITERALLY 30 seconds to 3-ish minutes of hitting the pillow, I now have major insomnia. Because of my previous hypersomnia, I used to have troubles staying awake after just 1 or 2 hours of waking up. Now I can go like 40+ hours without sleep. I have this massive hyper-stimulation all day long. Even when I have the "urge" to sleep, it's like something is trying to push through and make me not sleep. It's sometimes like someone who is tired and needs sleep yet just got 10 cups of coffee forced down his/her throat.
I'm taking some supplements like L-theanine, NAC, GABA, potassium gluconate, passion flower, etc. They help a bit but nothing "game changing". I took the Wellbutrin for only around 3 months with an increase to 300 mg/day XL around halfway through (even though all the side effects hit me like a freight train at just 150 mg, let alone 300). It's been around 4 years now and nothing has changed. My doctor said all the side-effects I was experiencing (some which I didn't even mention such as weird neck stuff) was well known and would wear off. 3 months in the treatment and no side-effects wore off, in fact, they were just as INCREDIBLY strong as ever. I'm not sure why but the side-effects barely reduced after stopping the Wellbutrin. It's been 4 years now and I still feel like I'm still taking it even though it's out of your body within 4-8 weeks of stopping well maybe it's "technically" not present in my system anymore but it's clearly caused some sort of massive neurological / chemical change. My doctor doesn't want to do anything because he says all the side-effects should be gone after 4-8 weeks (once it's out of my system) so he's just dismissing everything and not taking me seriously.
If anyone knows how to reverse the incredibly potent side-effects of Wellbutrin/Bupropion due to it's increase of noradrenaline / norepinephrine (and dopamine) on the body, please, please, please, PLEASE offer me some guidance. I'm fairly young and was a fairly "regular", healthy person my whole life before taking it. Since then, I feel like I'm having a heart-attack and have a gallon of coffee in me all day, every day. I feel like I'm not even going to make it to 40 years old with my body acting all weird and crazy like this, let alone make it to being an elder.
Bupropion is amphetaminelike antidepressant and amphetamines are not to be taken with caffeine since it may cause your heart to do a much greater output and bupropion not only increases dopamine, norepinephrine and to a lesser extent serotonin but also inhibits their elimination making them last longer.
@@Dariusuzu Thanks for the tip regarding caffeine but I almost never drank caffeine while on bupropion or since stopping bupropion so caffeine intake is not relevant to my case.
Everyone out here acting up as if they did no pay attention to the drawings...hahahahaaha
Your accent is exact like some of the legendary Australian cricketers..
Thank you very much for your amazing explanation ❤️❤️
I wish I've seen this video sooner.
good simple breakdown
Come here to understand what the heck is Noradrenaline is. Been hospitalized for 2 weeks, and the doctor is giving me this. It's so painful, I feel like dying when im injected with it and is under it for almost 2 weeks. Out from the hospital, I still feel the effects. What on earth is that. I have low blood pressure .
Couldn't be much clearer, thanks!
Awesome explanation!
That stache is majestic af 👨 have to subscribe.
THANK YOU omg this was so helpful
the fact is that the adrenal hormone cannot speak to the adrenal gland itself, because the adrenal gland does not have adrenergic receptors, and there is no evidence that the adrenaline hormone talks back to the adrenal gland.
The accent give it some chills 😅
finally understood that N = neurotransmitter (mnemonics). So, "N"oradrenaline = neurotransmitter and adrenaline = hormone.
Thank you so very much. This was extremely helpful.
Cushing's Disease and Cushing's Syndrome excess of cortisol hormones generated by adrenal glands that had tumors on them... where is the cortisol come in with the adrenal glands and noradrenaline actions reactions and interactions ?
Crystal clear explanation 🙏🏻
wow that was awesome! So understandable. Would this be a form of positive feedback? Where it intensifies until an endpoint of "i am safe"?
Great video. To point. Talked slow. Explained well. Thank you for video..
OMG I finally got it!
great explaination bro
Excellent explanation.
brilliant! Very well presented. This is fantastic for putting all this together in my mind.
Quick question:
You say that the adrenaline hormone flows through the bloodstream and tells the other organs to keep doing what they are doing...
Hypothetically, lets say one of the organs is unable to receive the message from the Noradrenaline... (like it is lacking the receptor or the nervous system pathway is cut off or something)... would the Adrenaline still tell it "keep doing what you are doing?"
Or is there some kind of interaction between the two?
Maybe in other words, what do these large organs do in the presence of adrenaline but the absence of noradrenaline (maybe this isn't possible?)
wow i finally got it. thank you
Very informative - thank you for sharing your content!
This was so helpful! Thank you.
That moustache is so fucking cool
Best explanation ever.. please have a meet and greet in Canada
That was so much simpler than classes made it 😂 great explanation
Brilliant explanation sir. Thank you.
you are genius !!!
Excellent.
Thank you for this amazing video !!!!
oh! Isn't there something else about Noradrenaline impairing the prefrontal cortex?
In one video with Dr. Jim Hopper, he described it like it jumps in between the synapses and slows down the communication signals or something like that. Am I understanding that right?
Amazing thank you so much!
Great explanation. Thanks a lot 🙏
One is a neurotransmitter, one is a hormone. So how do neurotransmitters differ from hormones? I know the basic mechanics, but not much how it affects my subjective experience. How does a hormonal change feel compared to a neurotransmitter change?
I've been recommended to change from an SSRI to an SNRI to reduce the side affects of reduction of sex drive. Not sure if it's the right decision.
Chriscom28 pure adrenaline can be in un natural quantity’s - noradrenaline stimulates and makes you release your own adrenaline supply
Amazing explanation
I just watch The Ice Man documentary from Vice. They mentioned he might be able to deal with extreme cold temps due to an adrenaline rush to the body. Some guy mentioned in comments (on the movies section) that adrenaline is not good for the heart. Two questions if I may; does constant activation of adrenaline hurt the hear and if so how? And second, would you say it’s adrenaline or epinephrine that he might be producing to withstand the cold? Thanks 😊
Hey Matt, great explanation. :)
very clear! thank you.
Thank you very much💜 that helped me alot💜
😂😂i cant even emazine this would be so easy u r a legend sir 🔥🔥🔥
Nice moustache!
How to stop flight I just need fight
awesome explanation, thank you!!!!
amazing lecture here. thanks bro.
Just cleared all concepts
When a Gesu Kiwami Otome song leads you learn about Noradrenaline and Adrenaline.
Along with high blood pressure when you have an adrenal tumor, is it possible to have bad inability to fall asleep/insomnia or bad hair loss?
Any chance you'd like to make something this brilliant to explain how it works if you are hyperadrenergic?
I am, and I've been searching for a explanation to better help my friends and family understand what's happening because to the outside I look absolutely fine and they don't realize the absolute nightmare of cascading events that is occurring within my body despite the fact that they can see nothing except I seem to be very twitchy all of a sudden and nervous.
Hyperadrenergic orthostatic intolerance. According to Vanderbilt they gave this explanation (which eventually led me here),
"The hyperadrenergic subgroup of OI is characterized by a clinical spectrum including attenuated plasma renin activity and aldosterone, reduced supine blood volume coupled with dynamic orthostatic hypovolemia, elevated plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine, impaired clearance of norepinephrine from the circulation and evidence of partial dysautonomia. When upright posture is assumed, there is a loss of plasma volume from the blood into the surrounding tissue. In normal subjects, about 14% of the plasma volume may leave the blood within 30 minutes of standing. This loss of plasma volume into interstitial tissues is greatly enhanced in patients with OI; occasional patients will lose more than twice this amount of fluid.
It is little wonder such patients with supine hypovolemia to begin with develop symptoms in a setting of this excessive dynamic orthostatic hypovolemia. Normal subjects reduce urinary sodium excretion on assumption of upright posture, but patients with OI do so ineffectively. This probably contributes to the severity of their hypovolemia. In patients with florid symptoms of orthostatic intolerance in a setting of hypovolemia and increased plasma norepinephrine, several interesting findings emerge. The plasma renin activity and aldosterone are generally slightly reduced in proportion to the degree of the hypovolemia. This suggests that the reduced renin level may be responsible for the hypovolemia. It is possible that impaired sympathetic innervation of the juxtoglomerular apparatus in the kidney may underlie this renin deficit."
That's a bit of a mouthful for people that aren't super into medical. . .
*gesticulates wildly*
. . .stuff.
Amazing...clarification..Thanks Teacher..
Isn’t noradrenaline/norepinephrine a neurotransmitter and a hormone? As it can be secreted by the adrenal gland ? Because there’s another video that explains the chemical difference between adrenaline & noradrenaline both as hormones
Thank you so much Sir!