ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 ก.พ. 2016
- Hey guys, in this video we will be making some hydrazine sulfate starting using urea and bleach. It will be used in a future video to make Luminol!
This procedure was taken from ChemPlayer:
• Video
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Nile talks about lab safety: • Chemistry is dangerous. - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
I was once told that hydrazine containers were exempt from having pressure release valves because it was safer to just let them explode than off-gas
This is 110% true for 2-4-5 Trioxin as well (not to be confused with 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid). It's much better to have a canister simply rupture all at once, than to have a canister vent little bursts of the compound over time. 2-4-5 Trioxin is EXTREMELY hazardous to nervous tissue, especially the central nervous system, and specifically the brain itself. It is directly neurotoxic in chemical form when a person is exposed, though it is more well-known due to its secondary mechanism of injury which is physical neurological tissue destruction and denaturing essentially via acidic digestion of the proteins. A terrifying chemical, truly. The stuff of horror movies and nightmares.
@@mannys9130 o lawd, that's nasty
@@mannys9130 now I want to boof 2-4-5 trioxin
Huh, rocket fuel is made from piss jello.
Who'd have thought?
gunpowder starts in dirt .... why not :):):)
@Ungregistered User they mean blackpowder and yes codyslab has made that
Parliament empowered the Peter men [as in Saltpeter, aka Potassium Nitrate] in the 1600's [See Feb.1646 example link at end of this post] to dig anywhere in the country [including underneath your home bathroom] to get that precious liquid gold for the state!
King [England] Charles-I is said to have proclaimed as policy: _In 1626, King Charles I ordered “his loving subjects [to] carefully and constantly keep and preserve in some convenient vessels or receptacles, all the urine of man during the whole year, and all the stale of beasts which they can save and gather together whilst their beasts are in their stables and stalls, and that they be careful to use the best means of gathering together and preserving the urine and stale, without mixture of water or other thing put therein. Which our commandment and royal pleasure, being easy to observe, and so necessary for the public service of us and our people, that if any person do be remiss thereof we shall esteem all such persons contemptuous and ill affected both to our person and estate, and are resolved to proceed to the punishment of that offender with what severity we may."_
Feb.1646 saltpeter act by Parliament www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/acts-ordinances-interregnum/pp828-830
@@czdaniel1 *KNOCK* *KNOCK*
Who's there?
Constable Wiggums
Good day, constable. What may I do for you?
Oh, I'm just here to take the piss.
Very well. Piss off then.
Piss Jello 😂😂
"This is very very toxic"
I dunno, looks like gatorade to me
Looks like Gatorade, works like Georgetown Kool-aid.
Bottoms up! 🍻
the forbidden lemonade
a cup of benzene would look delicious if you were dying of dehydration
and you could drink it, but only once
same case here
I'm watching this in case I need to grow potatoes on Mars.
Robert Browne you can make gelatin out of alien bones.
Great book, must have read it 50 times
@@marialiyubman that was really good one
Watching this so I know how to make a thirst quenching drink
NileRed -- This is almost the biggest compliment I can think of. You have improved on a chemplayer video. :D
+j_sum1 j_sum1 thanks :)
The mad science forum is quite phenomenal. Read some of the stuff there, lots of good out of the box thinking.
I'm glad you mentioned safety issues. The overflow was a real health fire risk.
Pro-tip: I keep some ice made from DI water in the freezer and use that to dilute my acid.
Pro-er tip add acid to water instead of water to acid.
@@aaronsalisbury2717 Pro-er-er tip just store you reagents in a fridge or freezer
@@jebbyhut4711 pro tip: no flammables or fridge go KABOOM when turn on
Tried this multiple times here's what I found:
1) using an EDTA solution (about 40 drops of 1M) works well as a chelating agent.
2) using a smaller volume of more concentrated bleach (not diluting it to 5%) seems to give a bigger yield (although there maybe impurities)
But it also give you way more foaming. I used 15% bleach and had foaming 5-7 times the initial volume.
@@emmepombar3328 cobalt - copper electrodes?
2 Nile Red videos and 1 NurdRage video in one day! Awesome!
ikr
*****, I didn't know about your channel but I just subbed. Gonna check some of your videos later.
+Eduardo Walcacer one of the best chem chans :)
What a great day it was :)
watch list approved
Love Nile red in many ways I can learn while I'm lulled to sleep
Gelatin may act as a capping agent to control particle size/ion interaction (see e.g. nanoparticle synthesis, colloids, etc.).
Would be really cool if you could make longer chain N with it. I wonder if that's what happens without the jello.
Really Simple Synthesis with good results. Thank you ! In other syntheses I had a lot of problems.
F16’s auxiliary power unit runs on hydrazine. When they were placed in service (yes I’m old) we were briefed that when F16s landed at our base to not approach if we saw a puddle under it and call Job Control to dispatch a wash down truck. Hydrazine is colorless odorless and hypergolic so it’s a simple and lighter APU motor for a single engine fighter. I wouldn’t mess with any of this based on a “utub” video.
Pool pellets tend to also have cyanuric acid in them (chlorine stabilizer). Could be why it didn't work. Might want to look into liquid pool chlorinator, which is just high-strength bleach solution with no stabilizer.
how to make rocket fuel from pee and common household chemicals
He's already got red fuming nitric acid, all he needs is a rocket! (Anyone who's interested, there's a really fun book called "Ignition: An Informal History of Liquid Rocket Propellents" which covers the development of rocket fuels during the 50's and 60's as written by one of the guys who was there. Needless to say of chemistry for that time period, it's quite a story.
(It's easy to find a PDF for free online)
@@m1k3y48 there's never been a bigger rocket built since the Saturn V for the moon landing. Rocket science has digressed.. strange to think about strapping yourself to a massive bomb like that lol.
@@thedude9461 "Rocket science has digressed" no no no lol very very much no. Rocket science has not regressed, most governments just didn't want to fund rocketry projects after the space race. The closest thing anyone ever got to a closed cycle engine back then were the NK33s. Now, we can have a private company building full-flow staged closed-cycle combustion engines. While we haven't been testing the limits of rockets, the physics and engineering behind them have advanced a long way and we're only now seeing those advances being applied at a large scale.
😅 You could just use alcohol (the piss of yeast) and an oxydizer. 🤔 To re-ignite the engine, you could just throw in some nitric acid and aniline, which would re-ignite the mixture of the alcohol and oxydizer. Rocket science is no quantum physics!😉
@@m1k3y48 This book is just wonderful, I am delighted to read the first few pages. Thank you very much for the recommendation!
Done this 3+ times, thanks for the great info!
that bottle of "regular bleach" seems pretty suspicious.
I noticed that too. "Nope, nothing to see here officer, just some regular ol' bleach..."
@@brianbethea3069-- Only an outlier bleach would feel need to tell the world how "regular" he is!! Where were you on the night of June 2nd, 1973? _What did you do to Jimmy Hoffa's body?!?_
That's what other bleaches want you to think
If you watch enough of CodysLab videos, you'll be pronouncing it "bletch", lol.
@@jhyland87 nade ne luagh
The forbidden lemonade looks exquisitely refreshing.
As one of my favorite lines from the Martian states, “Hydrazine, is some serious death”
Very nice, thank-you!
Well done!
H,C,N, and O.... Those 4 elements... It's amazing what you can make with just weird combos of 4 basic elements.
Toss in P, S, CL, and K and you can make almost everything.
DNA is one of the most interesting by far.❤
It would be fun to see a diazammonium salt reaction, and make red dye color. I think it was one of the first dyes to be synthesized.
You can increase yield by adding EtOH after the sulfuric acid
Very informative thank you.
Thanks, very useful reagernt!
Cleaning Mercury ! Love your videos!
9:43 There's also some water being generated here (presumably from the hydrogen lost when the urea converts into the isocyanate and the oxygen lost when the hypochlorite is reduced to the chloride).
Gelatin is the same reason you use pvt or dextrin to reduce crystal size. It acts as inhibiter of crystal growth and weakens the reaction making it happen slower and thus less destruction from that reaction
Fun Fact: In 1966 chemist Karl Kordesch build an electric motorcycle that was powered by a hydrazine fuel cell. He used a gallon of hydrazine for 200 miles.
drive 200 miles with the constant fear of death
Reminder: don't replace NaClO with Ca(ClO)2 in this reaction, for it will generate phosgene instead of hydrazine.
You mean it will generate chloramine, not phosgene (carbonyl dichloride).
Formation of Phosgene in a strong basic media? From where is the carbon (in the COCl2) supposed to come, from the gelatine?
@@196Stefan2 You gotta C=O double bond in Urea
Philip Polkovnikov Guess that depends on how suicidal you’re feeling and how much you hate the people in your neighbourhood...
Thanks for showing how to make phosgene
You wasn't kidding. Bubbles were exactly at the rim. 1mm more and it would spill over. Glad I used a 1000 ml high form beaker rather then the low form. Gives you that bubbling room. In fact I use mostly high form beakers as they tend to mess up the counter more and capture the micro droplets alot better
Nile I am interested in amine and its ability to trap CO2 when cool and release it when its heated. Also I would like to know more about its hazards and toxicity. Think you could possibly do a video on this?
@NipeRed thank you for the share
Aw Nile, that thermometer stirring... :D
You're a mad man
I'm really looking forward for the Acetone video
When you use cold baths its a good idea to circulate the water using a pump.
@NileRed Would this be a safer reagent in luminol synthesis than straight hydrazine? I have to design a procedure for my orgo lab and I can't use straight hydrazine because my lab doesn't have the right safety precautions for it. Would this be a good substitute?
time for a nice fresh glass of lemonadeeee
Nice choice!! I would like to know why didn't you use a distillation process instead of adding sulfuric acid? if we can do so can we use any drying agent to dry our product?
Nilered: "i didn't want to put something that was contaminated with hydrazine in somewhere that i store my food"
Also nilered: "i then measure out 100 mils of 50 50 water to sulfuric acid. this stuff was left in the freezer so it's probably around -15 C
So... you can't put a very dilute solution of something that might explode in the freezer but you can put in a highly corrosive and concentrated acid in the freezer where it could potentially corrode the freezer and make your food acidic.
Can you or have you made a video on how to use or draw the hexagon structure connecting chemicals thingy?
What would concern me about anhydrous hydrazine is the instability. It's toxic enough, but compared to HCN it's almost innocuous. The MLD/oral for N2H4 is about 55mg/kg, where as HCN has an oral MLD of about 1 or 2 mg/kg. Btw, nice video. Hope you keep up the good work!
this is not anhydrous hydrazine
otherwise shit would have gone wild, and gone wild fast
it's hydrazine hydrate, remove that hydrate and you got the delicious rocket juice from my nightmares that rockets love
KCN orally I thought was about 5mg / Kg MLD50 but HCN oral (as opposed to inhalation) ? That surprises me, I thought HCN would only be by inhalation and I *thought* perhaps wrongly, that mg for mg, inhaled HCN was slightly more toxic than ingested KCN.
It's H2S that always makes me wary - as it is relatively cheap / easy for anyone to make and after the initial smell, folks tend to thing it has dissipated as the nose is de-sensitized by it. Insidious, cheap and lethal.
Reaction equation please. Love your vids man.
Actually I personally don't have any access to bleach, but that pool chlorinating agent is commonly called bleaching powder and is pretty easy to get and cheap as well. About $2 for kilogram
Where do you live that you can’t get bleach?
Could you make a Video abou a Wolff-Kisher Readuction using the Hydrazine? :)
may be not spectacular but educational I think
Will any kind of defoamer work without killing the reaction? Seems like gelatine gives the best yield, reducing the copious foaming would greatly simplify the procedure. I am aware that other chelating agents work, such as EDTA, but they seem to give lower yields.
The plastic doesn't stop hydrozene from going into the air. As soon as you take it off it goes into the air. It doesn't make it go away. Just have a good fan on pumping lots of air out of the window
Do you think you might attempt benzoyl peroxide synthesis at some point?
I have an interesting experiment for you.
To produce sulphur trioxide with simple ingredients, 3 Na2S2O8 + 5 S ----> 8 SO3 + 3 Na2S by heating, it is strongly exhothermic, but by adding e.g. bentonite, this reaction can possibly be slowed down, and the sulphur trioxide can be distilled off in a refrigeration unit.
A very interesting video. I didn't knew this method.
If you need to wash your product, why to not use cold ethanol?
because it won't dissolve the sodium sulfate minor contaminant so that would be pointless
Can you make a video on making sulphuric acid with a platinum electrode, then testing the boiled down acid with sugar to see if it dehydrates the sugar?
Hey, just for the record and science. I did the reaction in a 400g of urea scale (and generated my own NaClO because commercial ones were just too dilluted), and used something like 10g of EDTA instead of gelatin and the yield was pretty high. Keep up the good work :)
So the edta serves the role of protecting from metal ions then right?
Yay, almost rocketfuel! :D
So I did some research and the concern is that uncooked portobello mushrooms contain faint amounts of Agaritine, which is a hydrazine and therefore be used to make rocket fuel. It’s important to note however that much simpler and easier methods of hydrazine synthesis exist. For example NileRed has a video in which he uses; bleach, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloride acid to make such.
The case of the missing sulfuric acid
@8.35 Although clearly this is different from the Hofmann elimination, which is an entriely different reaction.
Hydrazine might be toxic but it's a VERY useful chemical compound! I did not know you can produce it that way... I usually ordered it at SigmaAldrich... ;-) For purification you could have recrystallized the raw product with WATER! It exhibits a very low solubility in COLD water! ;-)
So I have prepared the salt with this method, but after some time I wanted to use it in a synthesis. But when I opened the bottle, there was a faint ammonia-like smell coming from the crystaline powder. Is there actually a chance that some base had made it into the product and actually created freebase hydrazine? The powder was well dried so there should not be any moisture present but maybe it picked some over time?
How about using (partial) vacuum in the reaction + de-bubbling stopper!?
Your reaction would have much higher yield and could be done at lower temperature even without cooling!
#truth
Instead of celane wrap couldnt we use a reflux condensor on top of a round bottom flask
Urea solution that is left out for a long while and is quite basic already will build up isocyanate, might this explain some of the variability people have in this reaction?
8:58 well youtube... when a nitrogen and a carbon love each other very much...
damn nilered was throwin mad shade at chemplayer in this video
Hydrazine is used in boiler systems as an O2 scavenger and metal passivation chemical
Does the spilled solution on the hot plate contain hydrazine? How is it cleaned up? You have a fume hood but not a separate fridge for chemicals?
a gas?
so when using a vacuum pump you put the reaction equilibrium to the product side --> better yields
Hello NileRed!
I can´t find concertated bleach here in Sweden.
I wonder if it would work well with calcium dihypochlorite. Maybe to your chloroform reaction too. What do you think?
Thank you so much for a answer.
Greetings from Sweden
YEE!!! Super metamorfoze!!! Organik - Nonorganik
It was used in fuel back in the 70s and 80s in drag racing until it was outlawed because it was poison and it was so dangerous! btw is was mixed in fuel!
Should I cool the urea-gelatin solution too? Or let it just cool down to room temp and then use it right away?
Could you use glacial acetic acid instead of sulfuric acid and separate the Hydrazinium Acetate the same way?
I process alcahol into acetaldehyde on a nearly nightly basis, it may be my favorite reaction.
in presence of antabuse catalyst your yield of acetaldehyde will increase dramatically ;^)
Can you use this as hypergolic fuel
Also, can u use CMC powder instead of gelatin
Hydrazine sounds like a name you'd find as a trademark sports drink.
It has what potatoes crave!
Sometimes you can't get pure bleach and it's mixed with things like sodium hydroxide, detergents, and additives, like in my area, but I was able to find some pool chlorine tablets that claimed to be pure TCCA.
+Nile Red So as u told... can i use EDTA and not the gelatin?
nile that second reaction you did to get sodium hypochlorite from pool tablets you had it in a bath? could i bother you to give a few details like proper amounts, temp range etc? i need it in much more concentrated form than household bleaches, im experimenting with various oxidation and patinas for metal work.
thank you
Could another possibility of glycerine be to increase solubility of reactants?
Have you ever tried diluting the acid using ice made from distilled water?
*board rubber flies past head*
"Oi! Do not use the lab thermometers to stir your experiments!"
*Watches nilered video and twitches*
Acetone sound interesting
The gas that was released in the reaction (until heating to 85C) could not be CO2. It is bound in Na2CO3 too strongly - heating Na2CO3 solution will not release any CO2 (unlike NaHCO3), and moreover - if the excess of NaOH is present in the solution. It is not the formation of gas that pushes equilibrium to the right - it is formation of Na2CO3 where CO2 is so strongly held. The fact that NaOH excess was still present in the end is supported by the observation on H2SO4 addition - first little CO2 is formed (NaOH neutralised) and only later it forms.
So, what was the gas? Most probably, a mixture of O2 (2NaClO = 2NaCl + O2) and N2 (N2H4 + 2NaClO = N2 + 2H2O + 2NaCl).
If hydrazine sulphate is soluble in water, how did it precipitate out at the end after adding sulphuric acid? There was water in the reaction mixture so it should have not precipitated out
How did you clean up that spill? Watching hydrazine bubble over almost gave me a heart attack
Hydrazine is very good for reducing graphene oxide back to graphene or other hard to reduce oxides like WO3.
how did you determine your yield without knowing how pure your product is? you didnt do any melting point tests or recristallization, right?
I wonder whether you'd need the gelatin or not if you used MilliQ or some other ultrapure water system; or would you figure that misc. metal ion contamination in storebought reagents/etc would still be enough to warrant using a chelator anyway?
Store-bought bleach contains significant amounts of metal contamination
16:45 Welcome to 2020
AYO HE MENTIONED ITS DANGEROUS IN A PODCAST I DIDNT KNOW HE ACTUALLY DID AN EXPERIMENT
Would it work adding NH42SO4 instead of urea?
Fans: Why wont you make it?!
NileRed: Cause I like my house... and hair.
Is hydrazine acid good for precipitating gold from quartz rock?
Could you use chlorate instead of hypochlorite
12:16 where do you get those pipettes with the glass bulb for extra capacity in the middle of it? I can't seem to find those, at least not on Amazon.
Link me! :-)
Yes!
@@johncourtneidge same for you? I can't find those fuckin things anywhere, lol.
11:26 couldnt a reflux condensor work?
That chipped beaker has been irking me for weeks😂.
Adam Harrington you pointed it out why😖
Maybe it's supposed to be like that, to keep the thermometer in place?
Also for pouring necked bottles
Would it be possible to run this experiment at a smaller scale?
I had an overflow after I added urea gelatin solution. It resembled volcanic eruption. It foamed slowly at beginning then shortly poof. Should I have continued reaction.
how did you deal with the spill?