f you're looking for a quick start for the Single Plane Swing I produced a Pocket Guide that you can take with you to the course. You can find the Pocket Guide here: SwingPocketGuide.com.
Thank you Todd! I watched this video twice yesterday then tried this technique while playing on Sanibel Island today. Using this tip I hit my driver straight and long all day, and shot 40 front and 41 back for 81, on the same course that I shot 96 on last Friday. My playing partners could not believe that this one tip could make such a big change in my game so quickly.
So grateful for this channel! I literally cannot believe the results I saw today when I went to the range! Absolutely astonishing. The thing that really resonated with me was the anchored rear foot. I did however notice that as you go up in loft (driver to wedge) you must (I guess) make your stance more narrow . Am I right about that? At first I had the same wide(r) stance that I had for the driver with my 7 iron and I was having trouble but when I narrowed the stance, all I could get was pure draws.
Thanks Todd. Huge help with this video. I have been using your teaching videos for 3 months now. I am 70 years old. Handicap has dropped from 15 to 10. I am hitting my drives straight and adding 20 yards. Actually all of my shots are straighter than before. I now wake up in the morning looking forward to playing golf. THANKS!!
Thank you Todd, this is a better take on the correlation between tilt and shoulder to keep club face square with the back of the palm for consistency on impact..
Great instruction, Todd! Made this a serious focus during a range session today with some encouraging results. I put my lead shoulder and the back of my lead hand in the limiting position at address and then maintained it throughout the swing with non-rotational arms and hands during backswing and downswing. A couple of observations: 1) with the shoulder and hand in this setup position, I was more aware of the motion of the flex lead knee, making it easier to move into that position on the downswing; 2) there was a tendency to close the club face at address, resulting in hitting a draw -- corrected by paying closer attention to club face position at setup; 3) there was a sense of the backswing being shorter, but as long as I could feel the move into the limiting position of the trail leg, this was not an issue; and 4) if I didn't consciously focus on replacing the left shoulder with the right on the downswing, thus completing the rotation of the swing, I tended to push the ball to the right. The majority of shots were hit very flush, on line, with better than normal carry. I was able to feel all three of the braking points on most swings. Thanx again for the great video!
Thanks for this seen it a few times but did not sink in, but over the years was wondering why cannot keep better swings in play for more than a few rounds sometimes just a partial round, then lose it the next day/time out!!! Big problem for us skinny folks cause its hard to create/keep a connection upper arms to torso due to the space in play on the swing. Tried ur ROM technique on my back swing and its hallelujah because ur right cannot twist the CF and that eliminates big variable esp for us folks that have too much variability in their BS/DS path and shape to body and twist a lot esp near impact. For my swing I bow wrist at takeaway then swing L heelpad inside to greatly reduce L arm ROM, keep feet/heels grounded and then can brace and whip club thru impact with just natural release and squarer CF! So now just working on locking down hand path for best strikes, a lot lot less things to worry about! I think it makes it easier for thin folks to swing like heavier set folks that have ROM issues that are actually advantages it used so they have limited mechanics difficulties.
LOVE THE ONE PLANE SWING! IT REALLY WORKS...LONG AND STRAIGHT EVERY TIME FROM DRIVER TO EVEN A 50 YARD WEDGE. 60 YEARS OLD AND HITTING MY DRIVER 290. SHOT 67....AWESOME TODD! AND OF COURSE MOE! THANK YOU SO MUCH!
Not clear about what it means to "isolate the shoulder". Do you mean to try and keep the upper arm in the same position relative to your body? No rotation of upper arm? Thnx
At the end of you’re video ,You talk about this arm is above this arm . Pls can u explain what you mean and how should the arms be at the start of the swing.
Let me get this straight Todd; are you saying that with your shoulder high you cannot roll the club face closed? So you CANNOT HIT A PULL OR HOOK with that setup.
Great video Todd,I really like the visuals that you show,I have got it down with driver swing,still working on the irons,stuck between old school and sps but I’ll get it…thanks
Everytime that I try this swing, I get horrible bachaches that takes weeks to recover from. I feel like I'm reaching too far to hit the ball. Any suggestions that would help me. I love the concept of this swing. Thank you Thank
Best tip he’s ever provided. I was constantly opening my left side pulling my shots. Went out the day I saw this and hit the ball straight and consistently.
Love your videos. Would love to see a slow motion video of your swing from a few different views. It would be nice to see it filmed in slow motion so that we can really get a chance to see the all motions of the single plane swing. Keep up the great videos
Head over the boll = 1 dimension. 2-3 dimension when you tilt your body. Pingis. Tennis soccer always behind the boll. Thanks to you. Lasse from Sweden
Turn with the shoulders , hit hard. That is only one way of many styles of ' parts of the swing arc and square clubface'. Golf has more varieties of swing paths and clubface finese ...thats only great normal professionals could perform like Tiger Woods and Jordan Spieth who could shape the flights.
You legend... Been struggling recently started cutting and slicing my driver out of knowhere...normally straight or a draw...couldn't figure it out... Bearing in mind i don't have a single plane swing...went and tried this down the range, along with keeping it connected in the backswing and litrally can just swing as hard as I want at the thing now with my normal swing feels and all that comes out is a draw/straight again.
Hi Todd its nice to know after all this time why golfers should tilt left shoulder up at address.I guess this is part of Mos vertical drop move I will try this tomorrow even with a hip replacement recently broken L2 vertibrae in my back, two torn rotator cuffs, left and right shoulders and slightly dodgy knees.Thats how much I love golf lol.( The hip replacement was many years ago trying too hard to turn shoulders and hips and all I think now is how these were unnatural moves for the human body) Many thanks for explanation and sharing this very special golf secret.
So if one were to have a NON-Rotational trail hand thru-out back swing and thru swing ball would always go straight right... if lead hand is rotating back to square it had to rotate open in the back swing which means the non-rotational trail hand is in fact rotating you cannot have one hand rotating back to square and other hand staying square......and with right hand the stronger of the two that ball is going right...non-rotational trail hand is not correct at any level...unless lead hand is non rotational.. ..
This is the downswing "secret" of the pro's, look at the first motion in the transition, there you increase the amount of tilt of your upper body against the lower body when the lower body starts the downswing, probably 95% of the amateur doesn't know this
Holy cow, I have been reading the hogan book for 2 years and kept saying you really have to read between the lines. he mentions a whole in his shirt collar, this expains that thank you
You will get 1000s of views on this video, if from no one else me. This is my whole problem. With enough practice I feel isolation of that front shoulder will allow me to hit it straight forever!
I like it. Only sometimes too much side bend affects my weight shift to the lead side, When i do it correctly it works, But there s always a but. my weight shift.
This is absolutely the best video you've ever done. Limiting the rotation of the left wrist is an awesome idea. I've always had my elbows pointing down at address. I think I'm going to be throwing the 2 plane swing in the garbage again, where it belongs. Thanks Todd.
Fantastic info here Todd! I don't suppose I'll ever see you on the west coast but I would sure love to. In the meanwhile, I will be working on this. This is the most logical approach to the golf swing. Thanks for helping to unclutter my swing. Stay safe and be well.
Hi. I’m really enjoying your videos. When you start with the club back be it an iron or driver is it straight in-line behind the ball or a little inside? Ty
Thank you great detail again. Is there a drill to get the body in the right position 100% of the time - I noticed mostly I get the position but sometimes I don’t, especially irons - do you have a drill Todd? Many thanks again!
Here is a decent video that might help. th-cam.com/video/f0EuY-vzba8/w-d-xo.html I suggest adding the lead arm rotation element I showed in this video. Also, use a training aid to get the proper ball position too.
Cher Todd, tout simplement fabuleux pour moi qui n'arrivait pas à laisser aller mon swing vers la cible car je n'effectuais pas bien la prise grip avec le tilt. Merci pour cette vidéo qui me remet dans le bon sens, que j'aimerais tant comprendre ce que vous dites, dommage que je ne comprenne pas l'anglais, mais j'adore le génie de Moe transcrit à travers vous. Merci ,merci
You do the with your wedges you will chuck every shot. Moe was great because he adapted to hit the ball because his moe its is natural swing and if you're are not him you are wasting your time copying him. It's crazy
1st lesson I have seen on Isolating the left shoulder during the setup. Tried it in my garage this morning feels great. Will be trying it at our Club this today. Thanks for the lesson. Bob Moore Myrtle Beach, SC.
Spinning the shoulder out or coming over the top is a move whereby your 1st movement from the top of the swing is breaking the plane so there’s no way to shallow the club. Basically, your busted. I wrote the book 😎
Holy fuck that’s what I was doing wrong I was consistent for month then had 2 week break (carpal tunnel) and I guess I forgot that one part and now it’s all fixed 🤣
@@ToddGravesGolf awesome. I think I’ve been putting too much emphasis on locking my elbow and arm rather than focusing on lifting my shoulder. The tendons in my elbow get strained and hurt pretty bad after a bunch of swings and I was wondering why. That’s probably it.
Awesome; hope your newer students can appreciate how damn valuable all these mini videos are!! They will save perhaps years of agony trying to figure out the “little” nuances!!
Help... when i tilt back...and keep my right foot planted when i hit the ball... I am hitting them fat 95% of the time.... when I go back to lifting my right heel through.... no more hitting the ball fat.
Great explanation of using biomechanics to advantage REALLY helpful tip on aligning radius and shaft chucked in there as well!! Always enjoy your technical stuff. Thanks Todd
Hey Todd, I have to say the swing is interesting. I’ve been trying to improve my golf swing for the last four months yet I feel like some days I’ve gotten nowhere. This swing I feel has some potential for me. I admittedly tried to do the swing without fully understanding it and when I first tried doing it I kept hitting it flat. I’m still having that problem though. I now have the book. Maybe I’ll figure out the problem after a little while.
Buy the single plane trainer and learn how to get the club "on plane" would be my advice to anyone starting out. Once I saw Todds "broomstick" video I was absolutely 100% convinced that the swing would work as it is irrefutable proof of why this is the best way to swing a golf club
f you're looking for a quick start for the Single Plane Swing I produced a Pocket Guide that you can take with you to the course. You can find the Pocket Guide here: SwingPocketGuide.com.
Thank you Todd! I watched this video twice yesterday then tried this technique while playing on Sanibel Island today. Using this tip I hit my driver straight and long all day, and shot 40 front and 41 back for 81, on the same course that I shot 96 on last Friday. My playing partners could not believe that this one tip could make such a big change in my game so quickly.
So grateful for this channel! I literally cannot believe the results I saw today when I went to the range! Absolutely astonishing. The thing that really resonated with me was the anchored rear foot. I did however notice that as you go up in loft (driver to wedge) you must (I guess) make your stance more narrow . Am I right about that? At first I had the same wide(r) stance that I had for the driver with my 7 iron and I was having trouble but when I narrowed the stance, all I could get was pure draws.
Thanks Todd. Huge help with this video. I have been using your teaching videos for 3 months now. I am 70 years old. Handicap has dropped from 15 to 10. I am hitting my drives straight and adding 20 yards. Actually all of my shots are straighter than before. I now wake up in the morning looking forward to playing golf. THANKS!!
Your welcome.
Thank you Todd, this is a better take on the correlation between tilt and shoulder to keep club face square with the back of the palm for consistency on impact..
Thanks.
Great way to explain it. 🤘🏾 I have a student working on the now
Great instruction, Todd!
Made this a serious focus during a range session today with some encouraging results. I put my lead shoulder and the back of my lead hand in the limiting position at address and then maintained it throughout the swing with non-rotational arms and hands during backswing and downswing.
A couple of observations:
1) with the shoulder and hand in this setup position, I was more aware of the motion of the flex lead knee, making it easier to move into that position on the downswing;
2) there was a tendency to close the club face at address, resulting in hitting a draw -- corrected by paying closer attention to club face position at setup;
3) there was a sense of the backswing being shorter, but as long as I could feel the move into the limiting position of the trail leg, this was not an issue; and
4) if I didn't consciously focus on replacing the left shoulder with the right on the downswing, thus completing the rotation of the swing, I tended to push the ball to the right.
The majority of shots were hit very flush, on line, with better than normal carry. I was able to feel all three of the braking points on most swings.
Thanx again for the great video!
Incomprehensible
Thanks for this seen it a few times but did not sink in, but over the years was wondering why cannot keep better swings in play for more than a few rounds sometimes just a partial round, then lose it the next day/time out!!! Big problem for us skinny folks cause its hard to create/keep a connection upper arms to torso due to the space in play on the swing. Tried ur ROM technique on my back swing and its hallelujah because ur right cannot twist the CF and that eliminates big variable esp for us folks that have too much variability in their BS/DS path and shape to body and twist a lot esp near impact. For my swing I bow wrist at takeaway then swing L heelpad inside to greatly reduce L arm ROM, keep feet/heels grounded and then can brace and whip club thru impact with just natural release and squarer CF! So now just working on locking down hand path for best strikes, a lot lot less things to worry about! I think it makes it easier for thin folks to swing like heavier set folks that have ROM issues that are actually advantages it used so they have limited mechanics difficulties.
LOVE THE ONE PLANE SWING! IT REALLY WORKS...LONG AND STRAIGHT EVERY TIME FROM DRIVER TO EVEN A 50 YARD WEDGE. 60 YEARS OLD AND HITTING MY DRIVER 290. SHOT 67....AWESOME TODD! AND OF COURSE MOE! THANK YOU SO MUCH!
That is very impressive
How can I get video lessons and swing feedback? I'm a member on your site but can't find out where to organise it?
I needed this video in May. I'm assuming this set may be used for all of the clubs not just the driver?
yes
This is my whole problem. Ty sir💪
Not clear about what it means to "isolate the shoulder". Do you mean to try and keep the upper arm in the same position relative to your body? No rotation of upper arm? Thnx
At the end of you’re video ,You talk about this arm is above this arm . Pls can u explain what you mean and how should the arms be at the start of the swing.
Todd - call this then"load" where I
get a tilt or incline position.amd from there hit and through the ball !!
Thank you for this video Todd!! I put this to use today and it helped me tremendously!!
Glad it helped!
Best teacher IV ever watched...hands down
I honestly have been fighting this since I started playing golf. Everything I heard never helped. You're the man. I'm sold on the one plane swing !
Let me get this straight Todd; are you saying that with your shoulder high you cannot roll the club face closed? So you CANNOT HIT A PULL OR HOOK with that setup.
Clubface doesn't have to be closed to get a hook, just closed to club path.
Hard to believe tilt can stop you rotating face closed though.
You repeat a lot
Repetition is the mother of skill.
It looks to me like that would make a hook impossible.
Great video Todd,I really like the visuals that you show,I have got it down with driver swing,still working on the irons,stuck between old school and sps but I’ll get it…thanks
Keep at it.
Everytime that I try this swing, I get horrible bachaches that takes weeks to recover from. I feel like I'm reaching too far to hit the ball. Any suggestions that would help me. I love the concept of this swing. Thank you Thank
You need coaching. Toddg@gravesgolf.com is you want help
Best tip he’s ever provided. I was constantly opening my left side pulling my shots. Went out the day I saw this and hit the ball straight and consistently.
Thanks for this one. My low shoulder might be leading to my unintentional stingers and pulls
Yes.
Love your videos. Would love to see a slow motion video of your swing from a few different views. It would be nice to see it filmed in slow motion so that we can really get a chance to see the all motions of the single plane swing. Keep up the great videos
Thanks.
You have certainly put a lot of thought and effort into this method
Thanks.
Head over the boll = 1 dimension. 2-3 dimension when you tilt your body.
Pingis. Tennis soccer always behind the boll. Thanks to you. Lasse from Sweden
Turn with the shoulders , hit hard. That is only one way of many styles of ' parts of the swing arc and square clubface'. Golf has more varieties of swing paths and clubface finese ...thats only great normal professionals could perform like Tiger Woods and Jordan Spieth who could shape the flights.
Once again Todd brilliant video !! Thanks for posting
You’re welcome.
Wow Todd, I think you just pointed out my problem. Great teaching.
I'm assuming the lead shoulder does drop down a bit in backswing right? And then back up with downswing???
You legend...
Been struggling recently started cutting and slicing my driver out of knowhere...normally straight or a draw...couldn't figure it out...
Bearing in mind i don't have a single plane swing...went and tried this down the range, along with keeping it connected in the backswing and litrally can just swing as hard as I want at the thing now with my normal swing feels and all that comes out is a draw/straight again.
Incredible stuff!
Thanks.
Hi Todd its nice to know after all this time why golfers should tilt left shoulder up at address.I guess this is part of Mos vertical drop move I will try this tomorrow even with a hip replacement recently broken L2 vertibrae in my back, two torn rotator cuffs, left and right shoulders and slightly dodgy knees.Thats how much I love golf lol.( The hip replacement was many years ago trying too hard to turn shoulders and hips and all I think now is how these were unnatural moves for the human body) Many thanks for explanation and sharing this very special golf secret.
I just came across this video after trying and trying to get a SPS. This needs to be the NUMBER 1 Video!!! It's a gamechanger! Thanks
Dear coach .. don't wanna say much BUT that was beautiful 🥰..
So if one were to have a NON-Rotational trail hand thru-out back swing and thru swing ball would always go straight right... if lead hand is rotating back to square it had to rotate open in the back swing which means the non-rotational trail hand is in fact rotating you cannot have one hand rotating back to square and other hand staying square......and with right hand the stronger of the two that ball is going right...non-rotational trail hand is not correct at any level...unless lead hand is non rotational.. ..
If you hit an 8i, you cannot have a tilted shoulder, so how do you act ? Thks
I mean on the set up, not on the hit
This is the downswing "secret" of the pro's, look at the first motion in the transition, there you increase the amount of tilt of your upper body against the lower body when the lower body starts the downswing, probably 95% of the amateur doesn't know this
That’s a great help.
Really interesting how raising your shoulder creates a limitation in elbow rotation. Seems like it would make an over the top swing very difficult.
Holy cow, I have been reading the hogan book for 2 years and kept saying you really have to read between the lines. he mentions a whole in his shirt collar, this expains that thank you
It looks like Moe Norman, Canadian golfer, has been preaching for a long time.
You will get 1000s of views on this video, if from no one else me. This is my whole problem. With enough practice I feel isolation of that front shoulder will allow me to hit it straight forever!
thanks todd..i think your doing a great job of carrying on Moe's legacy...
I like it. Only sometimes too much side bend affects my weight shift to the lead side, When i do it correctly it works, But there s always a but. my weight shift.
More Todd Graves Gold .
I think the long dark haired girl who won the women's Long drive was using a single plane swing. Did Bryson stick to it?
This is absolutely the best video you've ever done. Limiting the rotation of the left wrist is an awesome idea. I've always had my elbows pointing down at address. I think I'm going to be throwing the 2 plane swing in the garbage again, where it belongs. Thanks Todd.
You're welcome.
yeah its called end range of motion, Bryson talked about this a Long Long time ago.
Man I always pull my arm up and thank its my shoulder. I havnt been tilting correct ly
Fantastic info here Todd! I don't suppose I'll ever see you on the west coast but I would sure love to. In the meanwhile, I will be working on this. This is the most logical approach to the golf swing. Thanks for helping to unclutter my swing. Stay safe and be well.
It sounds very logical I will try this and give some feedback.
Too much talking, need more shots with other clubs.
Just a second thought, could the shoulder lift benefit twisting in the putting stroke, I feel this could be game changer?
I never heard it like this before?! I def want to try this ASAP! Thank you
Hi. I’m really enjoying your videos. When you start with the club back be it an iron or driver is it straight in-line behind the ball or a little inside? Ty
Actually slightly outside.
@@ToddGravesGolf. Great Ty
Thanks Todd,On the set up ,what is your weght ratio?
Hey Todd, you took my money for the Moe book, where is it or is this just a scam
i have been so helped , I've tried lot of advice , but you made it happen. Thank you very much
marvellous
Nice shirt.
I have never quite understood the importance of the tilt in the OPS until now. Thanks for this video!
Moe Norman.
Hi Todd , love the video. In isolating the shoulder ,does this do away with vertical and dual hinges in that lead arm? Thanks
Thank you
Thank you for that tip. Does it apply towards the irons too when not on tee? Appreciate you!
Wrist can still supinate with elevated/tilted shoulder
This tip also would work for you as a two plane swinger
🎉🎉🎉 thank you todo, going to practise this today
Thank you great detail again.
Is there a drill to get the body in the right position 100% of the time - I noticed mostly I get the position but sometimes I don’t, especially irons - do you have a drill Todd?
Many thanks again!
Here is a decent video that might help. th-cam.com/video/f0EuY-vzba8/w-d-xo.html I suggest adding the lead arm rotation element I showed in this video. Also, use a training aid to get the proper ball position too.
Same philosophy with a iron swing other then ball placement?
Most logical explanation. Thanks Todd. 👍👍👍
Cher Todd, tout simplement fabuleux pour moi qui n'arrivait pas à laisser aller mon swing vers la cible car je n'effectuais pas bien la prise grip avec le tilt. Merci pour cette vidéo qui me remet dans le bon sens, que j'aimerais tant comprendre ce que vous dites, dommage que je ne comprenne pas l'anglais, mais j'adore le génie de Moe transcrit à travers vous. Merci ,merci
Brilliant explanation. It make sense. Thanks a million
How far forward d I go with my lead ne on the down wing
You do the with your wedges you will chuck every shot.
Moe was great because he adapted to hit the ball because his moe its is natural swing and if you're are not him you are wasting your time copying him. It's crazy
You are incorrect. I don't chunk my wedges. I didnt waste my time. Copying Moe saved my game. It is saving thousands of peoples games.
OTN I sure miss the course, member there for 30 years.
Man thats awsome
thx.
1st lesson I have seen on Isolating the left shoulder during the setup. Tried it in my garage this morning feels great. Will be trying it at our Club this today. Thanks for the lesson.
Bob Moore Myrtle Beach, SC.
Best of luck!
Dear Todd. Bryson Dechambeau just showed the same isolation of shoulder and forearm in a recent video. About a month ago. Cheers
So Good. Next Level.
Spinning the shoulder out or coming over the top is a move whereby your 1st movement from the top of the swing is breaking the plane so there’s no way to shallow the club.
Basically, your busted. I wrote the book 😎
lol.
Holy fuck that’s what I was doing wrong I was consistent for month then had 2 week break (carpal tunnel) and I guess I forgot that one part and now it’s all fixed 🤣
Good to hear.
A ball, tracer after your instructions, would be good otherwise we do not know if it works! It applies to all golf gurus on TH-cam.
I have a tracer on every one that I hit. What are you talking about.
Do you isolate the shoulder the same way with irons and wedges?
yes
@@ToddGravesGolf awesome. I think I’ve been putting too much emphasis on locking my elbow and arm rather than focusing on lifting my shoulder. The tendons in my elbow get strained and hurt pretty bad after a bunch of swings and I was wondering why. That’s probably it.
This is very useful. I've never heard this explained this way before, playing golf for over 30 years.
Glad to help
Awesome; hope your newer students can appreciate how damn valuable all these mini videos are!! They will save perhaps years of agony trying to figure out the “little” nuances!!
Thanks.
I disagree that is not the case
The board. Genius stuff.
Help... when i tilt back...and keep my right foot planted when i hit the ball... I am hitting them fat 95% of the time.... when I go back to lifting my right heel through.... no more hitting the ball fat.
Just because he right foot is on the ground, doesn't mean that your weight is on the right foot. You must get weight into the lead leg / lead foot.
This is a light bulb moment Todd. I keep falling into the old style of lining up the ball and getting a variety of results (57).
Thanks for that tip on the shoulder.
Great explanation of using biomechanics to advantage REALLY helpful tip on aligning radius and shaft chucked in there as well!! Always enjoy your technical stuff. Thanks Todd
Glad you enjoyed it!
WOW, you got me. I have watched so many of your videos, i didn't think i could learn anything new. LOVED THIS. Thanks Todd
Hi Richard. Always learning. Every time I practice I learn sobering. Fun stuff.
Helpful tips as always- thanks, Todd
Wow! Great explanation! Quick question, what is the make of your shoes? They look awesome!!
Squairz golf shoes. Use the Code “GRAVES” at checkout for free socks, free shipping and a carry bag.
🤯
Hey Todd, I have to say the swing is interesting. I’ve been trying to improve my golf swing for the last four months yet I feel like some days I’ve gotten nowhere. This swing I feel has some potential for me. I admittedly tried to do the swing without fully understanding it and when I first tried doing it I kept hitting it flat. I’m still having that problem though. I now have the book. Maybe I’ll figure out the problem after a little while.
Buy the single plane trainer and learn how to get the club "on plane" would be my advice to anyone starting out. Once I saw Todds "broomstick" video I was absolutely 100% convinced that the swing would work as it is irrefutable proof of why this is the best way to swing a golf club
Todd,
By doing this incorrectly is this the reason I have tennis elbow now? This has caused me a lot of pain in the golf swing.
Ryan. I would really need to see your swing action to see what is happening.