@@celtspeaksgoth7251 Most super genius are unstable, that is usually what makes them do the impossible. Its also why people are so against making education normalized, when it should instead try to identify and nurture the super genius. Too bad we don't do that, we call them crazy and force them to become normal, which in turn destroys their geniuses by making their uniqueness a disease to be cured.
@@celtspeaksgoth7251 That is precisely why he was a genius and a hero: he was not afraid to think and act differently. His "differences" saved all of us from the absolute barbarities of Nazism and Communism. But some "normally thinking" imbecile crushed him to the point where he had to commit suicide. And we all lost one of the greatest minds humanity has been blessed with.
@@celtspeaksgoth7251 Did you know him personally? And, by the way, Einstein, Pasteur, Joliot-Curie, Galileo, etc, were NOT team players either, thanks for all of us.
Alan Turing’s nephew, Dermott Turing, gives full credit to the Poles for breaking the first German enigma code and sharing this valuable breakthrough with the allies. Without the Poles breaking the codes during the 1930s Alan Turing and his Bletchley Park team would not have come into being. So in essence, the Poles did an incredible job in breaking the first codes and then becoming a part of the allied Alan Turing led team that broke and deciphered subsequent codes and the messages they carried. What Turing and others did at Bletchley Park was work out how to speed up and automate that process so that more days than not they could break the code on the same day, allowing decrypts to be less than 24 hours old when sent to the relevant military handlers.
The machine the Poles emulated was an early machine with 3 fixed rotors. The one captured by HMS Bulldog in 1940 was a more advanced 3 rotor with an extra replaceable rotor. The Germans added 3 extra replaceable rotors in 1941 and the Kriegsmarine created a new 4 rotor Enigma (called Enigma M4) in 1942. With all due credit to what the Poles achieved to break into the mechanics and wiring of the 1930s Enigmas (with help from the French whose secret service had turned German who had access to Enigma operating procedures) to suggest that Turing would have been unable to crack the codes is just far fetched. Bletchley Park were breaking codes manually in 1940. The Germans used two levels of code: a) the message was converted into German code that was then input to Enigma and b) the encrypted coded message generated by the Enigma machine settings. The Kriegsmarine had 3 different levels of primary code and procedures. Turing had to crack them all even after the Enigma code was broken.
@@adamatch9624 What a totally pointless comment. And why my everywhere? WUT? (Clue: it is "you're" not "your") 🤦♂ Given there are over 800 million videos on YT for me to be 'everywhere' would be some achievement? 🤣🤣
@@DrCrabfingers we have a dedicated graveyard in our local town for all the polish soldiers that were stationed here, and at our war memorial monument we have a British flag right next to the Polish flag, both the same size
My wife's late father was a Sub-lieutenant on HMS Bulldog when they captured the first Enigma machine complete with code books after forcing U-110 to the surface. To me he was a hero and I wish I'd known him better. To my wife he was just silly old dad and she doesn't realise how important his contribution to the war was.
Building the machine that could break enigma was incredible. But the realization that there was two words .. always two words .. at the end of most messages, allowing the machine to say X = Y so now I just have to chug, chug. chug .. here is the solution .. was brilliant. And that is still one aspect of code breaking. If people fall into a pattern in the codes they can be broken as something can be guessed to serve as a base to build on.
That wasn't how it was broken though. They started each message with the crypto settings for the rest of the message, repeated twice. Too difficult to convey in a movie though.
The problem is that x never equals y with an Enigma more than once. It changes on very keypress. There's an element of truth in what you describe, but it was far, far more complex than that. Bletchley Park is well worth a visit if you're ever in the area, and they do a great job of illustrating the scale of the problem they faced.
@@FloatingOnAZephyr and nearby is the national computer museum. They have a working replica bomb. I think they might have used that very bomb in the movie. They also have a machine that was used to crack another, harder, german code that was used for diplomatic messages.
To be clear, Alan Turing was a hero. Three Polish scientists broke Enigma, and they generously shared their insight with the British. It was a very large group project. Real history is more interesting than Hollywood history.
It was also worth noting there was more than one iteration of Enigma: Three Polish scientists broke the first iteration of Enigma, and then Bletchley Park were the team that broke the version of Enigma seen in the movie.
This is a comment I found above. This breaks down your vague statement into something more meaningful. "The machine the Poles emulated was an early machine with 3 fixed rotors. The one captured by HMS Bulldog in 1940 was a more advanced 3 rotor with an extra replaceable rotor. The Germans added 3 extra replaceable rotors in 1941 and the Kriegsmarine created a new 4 rotor Enigma (called Enigma M4) in 1942. With all due credit to what the Poles achieved to break into the mechanics and wiring of the 1930s Enigmas (with help from the French whose secret service had turned German who had access to Enigma operating procedures) to suggest that Turing would have been unable to crack the codes is just far fetched. Bletchley Park were breaking codes manually in 1940. The Germans used two levels of code: a) the message was converted into German code that was then input to Enigma and b) the encrypted coded message generated by the Enigma machine settings. The Kriegsmarine had 3 different levels of primary code and procedures. Turing had to crack them all even after the Enigma code was broken."
@@Rikard416 Do you think this movie was made with a racist agenda or something? The Polish are free to make a movie about their codebreaking exploits.
I visited the colossus in Bletchley park, a feat of engineering and a historical monument that was the seed bed for the personal computer as we know it today. Without Turing who knows what computers would be like right now, if we would even have them in the first place. An amazing man that was treated not with the deep gratitude of a nation he had a major role in saving; but as a sick deviant that needed to suffer. There will never be anything to put this rage inducing horror right, but we should all do our part in remembering his achievements and mourning the undue sacrifice he was forced to make.
FYI for anyone reading this and being confused at "Colossus" rather than the "Bombe" which cracked enigma, Colossus was used to crack the Lorenz cipher which a more complex cipher only used by Hitler & his top generals/commanders to communicate
Yes, it was a brilliant movie. I bet you are British. The British are always saying, "brilliant." My dad spent three years in London during the war. He had studied horticulture and agriculture before the war. Arthur loved those British gardens.
@@jkrasney1 Nah Germany could never have kept up long enough even if the Enigma Machine didn't work. The code was broken, with more brains on it they would start cracking it faster and faster even without the machine. Meanwhile Germany would still throw their dicks against the Russian wall of Ice and Famine, lose most their force there and have the Red Army beat their asses back. Operation Mincemeat still had a decent chance of succeeding they just would not know how well it was working, Italy falls to the Allies and traitors who saw the writing on the walls and Germany is left surrounded by angry neighbors. Breaking the Enigma Cypher did not put a massive ass body of water and the strongest Navy in the world at the time between Britain and the rest of Europe.
Turring and his team were heroes!, as were the team of sailors that captured the first intact Inigma machine from a sinking Uboat! (Spoiler alert, it wasn't the Americans as depicted by Hollywood).
@@MaxCruise73 They played a big part in WWII no doubt about it but then their war was only half as long as the British and Commonwealth war but its like we were never there. It is a fact that the Yanks always take all the credit for anything successful and dump shite on allies when it goes pear shaped. That has been repeated on every occasion. Like the Ardennes was a Yank cock up of immense proportions but the fact that Montgomery turned British armour around, re-organised the Yank lines to turned the battles round and the Germans defeated never gets mentioned. Worse Patton got the US Media to attack Monty and push false stories out. Patton's contribution? Jack Shit like always and yet they make films about the clown. The major part the British played against Japan is just erased from American memory and yet we had more men fighting the Japs for longer than the Yanks had in Europe at any one time. We lent them a carrier (HMS Victorious) when they had one operational carrier left (Saratoga) at a time when we desperately needed it in Europe. Its never mentioned. We had a huge naval force in the Pacific but its never mentioned even though we proved our steel decked carriers withstood Kamikaze hits while the Yank wooden topped carriers didn't. Its never mentioned. We gave them huge advances like Cavity Magnetron, nuclear fission and jet technology. Its never mentioned. The UK alone suffered more KIA than the USA did in WWII and we were a country 1/5th the size. And that is before we add the Commonwealth losses. Rarely mentioned. Its not that the Yanks did nothing its just the totally overblow what they DID do well and blame others when it didn't.
Despite great contribution of British cryptographers it's a pity that there's no word about Polish mathematicians who broke Enigma's code first and handed it over to British.
Actually, it was 3 letters before and 3 letters after the message. However, someone at Bletchley Park realized that the Germans, especially the SS units were often using Ber&lin or Hit&ler! Trying the messages from certain units (this is where having dedicated people to monitor a single unit paid off at an extremely big way!! (the fictitious gal talking about her "opposite" having a girlfriend is a great example) allow them to know which units had a history of doing this... Allowing Bletchley Park to prioritize using those units to solve that day's code settings!!
A lot of credit was given to Allied Generals for successes on the Battlefield when the truth was, it was knowing the battle-plans of the Germans and the Italians days in advance. Not just days but in some cases months!
My father was General Mark Clark's communications officer for the Italian campaign. Handled all of his messaging. When the book "The Ultra Secret" came out, I gave it to him as a gift. After he read it, he said to me, "There was always one guy by himself. Nobody knew what he did. Now I know."
*tfw you are a CS Major who understands everything Turing did through all the courses you took and understand that the core of all Computer Theory essentially stems from Turing Machines, i.e. computers, only to realize you never actually looked into the man who gave me a job* 👁👄👁
The war ended in 1945. The public did not know that enigma had been broken until 1974. Alan Turing died in 1954 having never been recognized for his monumental accomplishment. In the meantime, he had been imprisoned and chemically castrated by the very country that he helped save.
Turing as possibly the greatest hero of WW2, while also creating a new branch of science in the process, and the law killed him... world's greatest hero, and the world's greatest shame all in a measure...
@@SuperSampling I would argue Turing is an example of someone who himself a giant stood atop the shoulders of some other giants and men of lesser importance. His importance for Science as a whole and his impact on the world should not be understated.
@@jelledeboer9295 Yeah, well, I'm not too sure about that. Again, he contributed immensely to automated computation and cryptography. The concept of a Turing machine is still an important piece in computability proofs. But what else did he really do? The concept of a programmable computer was long known (about 100 years!) due to Charles Babbages Analytical Engine (making Ada Lovelace the first programmer) and the first electrical computer (the Z3) was marketed in 1938 by Konrad Zuse. Not only that, but Alonzo Church proposed a universal minimal logic system in the 1930s (the λ-calculus) that only now gets real public traction with functional programming (I know of PROLOG, Haskell and LISP, ofc, but I'm speaking of integration into mainstream languages). So one may argue, that a Turing machine is somewhat of local extrema from which we need to escape now.
Nice film, good acting, valuable reminders of Turing's genius, but the film tells an untruth. The actual heroes of solving the mystery of Enigma were Polish engineers, and they - primarily they - should be the main characters of this film.
The irony in this movie is the premise it starts off with. A detective who thinks he has uncovered a spy!.... only to find out he really was a spy, just not for the soviets and that his detective work ends up costing the war hero his life.
While Dr. Turing (the dude had a PhD from Princeton, and NO ONE refers to him as Dr for some reason) and his GCSC colleagues didn't single handedly win the war, they at the very least hastened its end, saved lives, and gave the Allies a much needed advantage over the Germans, as their supposedly secret submarine updates and instructions suddenly weren't that secret anymore. And then, of course, being one of the founders of modern computing. No one deserved the treatment he received simply for being gay, but Alan Turing especially did not deserve to have the government he had loyally served turn against him for that, leading to his suicide less than 10 years after the war. One day, someone will create a truly sentient AI, and I sincerely hope they name it Alan.
The man was a legend, horrible the rules against gays in the 30s40s, but it's amazing that benadict is actually related to him, a family member playing an amazing man I thin khe would be proud
So a german officer made a mistake using the same 5 letters... Like you...... using the same password en username over and over again to login to different websites.. !!! ??
Turing didn't invent computers or computer theory or computer application or computer hardware or computer software. He did invent the computing iteration which was necessary for his era. Not trying to downplay Turing, he was a genius, but Babbage would be the earliest inventor of a mechanical computer, strictly speaking.
@@billybob01234567 Nobody said he did not. He just said he did not invent computers. When we talk about computers we refer to the computer that Babbage invented.
Turing was not treated kindly after the war. But, in a strange way, it was the very secrecy that he insisted upon that caused his persecution. Since nobody revealed the 'Bletchley Secret' in 30 years, his foundational role could not be acknowledged and he was not treated with the respect that he could have been. If he had been a pilot and been awarded the DSO, for example, the police might have been less vindictive in their actions. It is worth pointing out, however, that he was treated as too many gay men were and the hostility, prejudice and malicious cruelty have not disappeared.
Errr, sorry to say, but this is Benedict Cumberbatch, he is a current international actor and has never published any material relating to cryptography, computing or mathematics for that matter...
The poles invented the first code breaker machine, and the big nations didn't want nothing to do with them for a while. Allan Turing took the machine to the next level mechanism. I know men of Turing's calibre, I'm married to one. They have "extraordinary minds." I've seen my other half do the absolute impossible so many times. If it wasn't for his formidable mother, my other half would have taken all that Turing was dished out at school. His mother was not a woman to be triffled with when it came to her high functioning g brilliant son 🙅♀️. She got a Jo his school, and she made sure he was raised and treated as his peers. My other half turned out a very well adjusted likeable man, person and husband. Here's to all the Allan Turing's of this world 🍾 🥂 🎉.
Basically he didn't the polish secret service were sent a machine by mistake by the Germans as two towns one in Poland and one in Germany had similar names .. they copied It and returned it . The code settings were stolen by spies another secret . Turing and a host of colleagues were brilliant and organized faster reading machines electronic and otherwise. The main thing to know about intelligence services is they never tell the truth about anything.!
If you have an Enigma machine, you can decode a message made by an Enigma machine, but you have to have the same combination (on the dials, and the plugs on the bottom which switch two letters, breaking the pattern) The problem was, there were 158,000,000,000,000,000,000+ possible combinations of dials and plugs. Turring's machine tried every combnation until they found the right combination. In the 1940's 158 quintillion combinations takes a long time to compute, more than the 18 hours they had. However, finding a setting that outputs the word "Heil" and the word "Hitler" (and in this scene, the word "weather") takes a lot less time. They put in the coded message, and the machine stopped when it found a combination that resulted in those words. (Edit: or I think they put in the words and waited to get the coded message.) Edit: I wanted to add more fun facts, and this turned into an essay Edit: How the dials/rotors worked: The rotor on the right of enigma spun every time a key was pressed. The 2nd spun once every time the 1st wheel had spun 26 times, and the same happens from 2 to 3. Inside a rotor, the wires were all crisscrossed. The signal went through rotor 1, went through the crossed wires and came out a different spot on rotor 1 into rotor 2. When the signal came out rotor 3, it came backwards through rotors 3, 2, 1 again. Marian Rejewski from Poland was the one who figured out how exactly the wires were crossed for each rotor. In the beginning, the Germans would send the encryption key twice in the message itself. ("ABCABC") Since it's the same thing twice, even if the message was encrypted ("FGHYEU"), Rejewski knew that "F" and "Y" were the same letter after 3 turns of rotor 1. He made a table for each letter for each rotor, which is how he was able to write an equation that mimicked the rotors. Rejewski solved the rotors, so the poles built "Bomba" machines, which were like motorized Enigma machines with six slots for rotors. Turing named his machine "bombe" in honor of the "bomba" which came before. Edit: one flaw of Enigma that made finding the combination easier was that it wouldn't encrypt a letter as itself (a "t" would not become a "t" in the code.) This meant they could pick a phrase they expected, and they knew it could only be in the encrypted message in a section where none of the letters matched. Edit: How Turing's actual machine worked: (The movie makes a big deal about the Germans repeating the same text in every message, but the machine was designed from the start to look for those kinds of phrases.) The spinning things are mimicking the dials. Turing basically built 36 enigmas in one. (Each column of three drums is an enigma) On the back of the drums are basically big plugs (made from wire brushes) with 26 connections. The machine could run through a combination of drums in about 20 minutes, but it also needed to solve the plugs. The plugs cross the signal when you push the key, and then they cross the signal after the scrambling is done (if the scrambled letter has a plug in it), to light up the lamp it's connected to. (I may be wrong about the next bit.) The rotors had to go all the way around before they would turn the same letter into the same encrypted letter. So whenever they found the same pair twice before the 26th letter of the message (before the dial went all the way around), they knew they'd found where one letter was plugged into another one. Turing's crew would make diagrams of the connections between letters. This diagram could be represented by making an electrical circuit and that's what they're plugging in when it shows the back of the machine. A loop of letters can also be a loop of cables in the back of the machine. (Which makes a loop of electricity through the rotors, which all have plugs on the back of them.) The machine stops the first time it finds a rotor combination that completes the whole circuit they've programed in. When the machine stops, there are three extra rotors in the middle row on the right, which show the combination that passed the test. Then they'd run tests on the message with that combination to see if it would work or not. If not, they turn the machine back on and wait for the next combination. It took about 20 minutes to put the rotors on and try every combination for three rotors.
An engaging movie, but inaccurate in so many respects, and made Turing look unrealistically pathetic by the end of his life, maybe to reinforce the tragedy of his death. The Poles had build a simpler machine (bomba kryptologiczna) for decoding an earlier simpler version of the Enigma machine and were using it to decrypt messages for over 6 years. Finally in 1939 they shared what they were doing with the Allies, at the timeTuring began his work. So the idea that a machine could be build to decode Enigma messages was not viewed as preposterous as it was portrayed in the movie. From the Polish machine's name, the Turing machine was known as the "bombe." It was not named after Christopher Morcom, Turing's first love. The sinking of the convey hours after the first messages were decoded did not happen, but was a plot device to reinforce the consequences that some attacks were allowed to occur in order to keep the cracking of the Enigma machines secret. The physical ailments portrayed at the end were not accurate. The treatments mainly resulted in impotence and gynecomastia which he found embarrassing. But the treatments were for only one year, and had ended a year before he died. He was described by colleagues as not being depressed prior to his death, and he had made a list of tasks for the following days. While he lost his security clearance, he retained his university position as a distinguished expert in mathematics, and was not some eccentric holed up in his rooms working alone. There was no investigation to prove there was cyanide on the apple he half consumed the night before. Some argue he died from accidental inhalation from a gold plating apparatus he had in an adjacent room. Others propose the apparatus was there to provide plausible deniability of suicide for his mother who did not accept the coroner's suicide verdict. At this point we will never know.
What this misses is that Turing was gay, and the hate that was directed to him for being gay is what ultimately killed him. What other reaches of knowledge was lost because of society's bigotry towards this gay man?
He killed himself, as to why we don't know he did not leave a note. You are free to speculate though just saying just because you THINK you know the reason doesn't mean it's true.
The film ignored Tommy Flowers' Collossus which was as important as Turing's Bombe (and as clever). The Poles; Welchman's Metadata; Hugh Alexander and Stuart Milner-Barry's contributions; all glossed over. The film was disappointingly unfaithful to the full complexity the real team jointly addressed. Lastly ULTRA was used continously against the Enigma machines still sold widely around the world post-war, not detroyed as shown.
Not really. Collossos was only used to decrypt the Lorenz cypher which was only used by high command I.. e. Hitler et Al. Military and field communications were all Enigma machines
If the film had tried to include all that it would have been 8 hours long, and would still have omitted large parts of the story. There is no way to tell the blow-by-blow history of Bletchley Park without confusing the hell out of the audience and burying Turing's part along the way. The film told Turing's story. In that, it succeeded brilliantly.
The polish Bomba was the first Enigma machine which of course gave the ground work for later machines. But, and here's the but. What Turling did was far more complicated as the germans added more wheels right up to the end of the war. Also they couldn't include everything int he film as it would have been hours longer. Fun fact. Some of the work done by Turling and the team are still clasiified to this day!
Did you make that up by yourself just now? He did not undergo what's called "chemical castration" because of his war-time achievements. He agreed to undergo hormonal physical changes designed to reduce libido by his own free will. Nobody forced him to do it. I am not from Great Britain but I think it's a bit silly saying they should all be collectively ashamed because somebody went through chemical castration by their own free will.
@@fredbecker607 And who decides who is the true evil? Hitler did the right thing, based on your words. Not to mention that at the core of this war is democracy and incompetence. I am Slovak, hence only I get to talk about the betrayal the west has shown. In my eyes, and in the eyes of my nation, You were the traitors who should be struck down right after Hitler.
Yes the most difficult decision was to determine who (which ships, which towns or cities) would live and which would die. As I understand it Churchill cried when he made the decision to allow for the bombing of Coventry. One token fighter was permitted,. The people of Coventry apparently did not forgive nor forget which contributed to Churchill being voted out of office in the months after the European surrender. Eventually he was forgiven, but probably not forgotten. Turing on the other hand was neither forgiven and was all but forgotten until this motion picture was released and he was given a honourable pardon by the British Govt - 50 or more years too late.
Most countries in the 1930s and 1940s made homosexuality a crime. In the UK it was legalised in 1967 but in the USA it was illegal until 2003. It was morally wrong but only by today's standards not by the standards of the day. The law is the law and to suggest exceptions should be made is the path to tyranny.
@@soupsoup6813 You make the classic mistake of confusing morality with legality which are not the same thing by a country mile. As it happens (and this is important) the moral beliefs of the time ('30s, '40s and '50s) was that homosexuality was simply wrong in moral, religious, social and legal terms. I am 75 and was raised when that was the situation. The outcries came in the '60s and why the law was changed in 1967. You project a current morality and legality on to a very different society with very different beliefs. They were no more wrong THEN than you and me are right NOW. Beliefs change.
@@1chish Not atall, you had already specifically said "it was morally wrong but only by today's standards", this is what I was responding too. It was morally wrong then too. Even if the majority didn't think so. In the same way that there are things we think are ok today, people in the future will know better and rightly judge us for.
@@soupsoup6813 You just argued against yourself by suggesting we may well be wrong today because of changed opinions in the future. THAT is my point: If we believe it is right by our standards today then we cannot be faulted by future generations who may well have better information or simply hold different opinions. That is very different from saying morals and opinions must never change and I was not arguing that. My point is that they MUST change and do. It was NOT 'morally wrong' by the standards of the day. I agree, and stated, that by today's standards we would not accept that but that is today and not then. I do not understand why people cannot just say 'times were different' or 'I disagree with what they did' but rather seek to vilify and condemn our forefathers in very judgmental terms. Should we extend that condemnation of their 'morality' and vilify the way our forefathers bombed German cities because the Germans were bombing them? Maybe we should apologise to the Germans for defeating their beloved Nazis? See where your 'morality' argument leads?
Such a bloody shame what the British Government did to him eventually (1952). Short version, condemned to Chemical Castration due to being gay, he suffered from Depression as a result, and killed himself by eating a poisoned apple. PS: Coincidence, not why Apple has an Apple logo.
Let's not mention that he agreed voluntarily to undergo hormonal physical changes designed to reduce libido. He was not sentenced to do so, he did so by his own free will. Also we do not know why he killed himself as he did not leave any notes. You can always speculate but that doesn't mean you are correct. Not saying he was treated well but let's not make things up shall we.
The film uses typical creative writing to alter what happened into a thriller/suspense style. l understand that's a requirement, since the reality isn't exactly gripping, just methodical and difficult to convey in a short time. The idea though that basic information wasn't being communicated between sections of Bletchley Park and that the breakthrough resulted because a conversation just happened to get struck up and in which absolutely basic information was shared.......that's going too far and it does a disservice to the memory of the people who worked there. It makes a mockery of what they did.
it must have been a terrible burden knowing you had intel that could save allied lives and be unable to share it because you needed to be able to save it for when it mattered most
It's like Brits have tradition to reward evil and punish good. Alan Turing was a hero but they gifted him to option of chemical castration just because he was gay, Winston Churchill policies deliberately caused Great Bengal Famine in India when Indian troops were fighting by British side.
The Bengal famine was largely caused by extreme weather and the response of the local (indigenous) governments who refused to acknowledge the problem and ask for help.
Alan Turing was a great scientist, but he had an entire team of women that have been ignored through history. His sexual preference was not public until many years after the war and should have no bearing on his accomplishments during the war. Besides the British were already in possession of Enigma and its code books.
Enigma saved 14 million lives for those 2 years that it shortened the war and the battles we won because of it. It was broken in May 1941, Germany surrendered in July 1945. So how many millions a year after we broke it were sacrificed to keep it secret? 20 million?
I think it had to be kept secret so the germans wouldn't know their code was cracked. If they knew their code was cracked, then they would stop using it.
Yeah obviously if they had found out that we had cracked it all they would have to do was change the heil hitler bit and then it would take years to crack it again
There are many ways that Germany could have altered the encryption scheme, at very, very little cost, that would have 'blinded' the codebreakers for months. They did, apparently, on one occasion, and no German messages were deciphered for over a year (if I remember it rightly). As Cumberbatch said in the movie: If German military 'smelled' that their encryption was being broken, Germany would, within hours, make changes that would make decryption monumentally more difficult... So, the real question is: "How many millions per year, year after year, WOULD have died if the secret had been revealed?" Most need not have died if Britain merely 'surrendered' to Hitler and his cronies. Does this sound like a preferable alternative to you???? I'm glad I wasn't born to be involved in any of it, but I do understand and respect those who kept the end goal in mind and made heartbreaking decisions. Triage is never pretty...
Maybe It could be even more ... Bombe decoding process is able eliminate wrong gues steps, this ability alows you to find new unknown hard wireing of the enigma ... easier and faster way to do this is to use paper type decoding process or even more sofisticated super fast relay machines ... But its questionable to risk break enemy`s trust of his coding system and communication frazeology even subsequently ...
Everyone take a step back. Think for a moment. Lets say that Alan Turing acted (immediately) on that first piece of intelligence and sank ALL the U-Boats and saved the convoy, saved all 500 British lives, saved his friend's brother's life. Okay so the Germans know the British have cracked Enigma when (and only when) they can't get in touch with those submarines. They are all dead. Well, okay, so do the Germans stop broadcasting? No. NFW. Remember, there were thousands, THOUSANDS of those Enigma machines out there in the world, one in every submarine, one in every Panzer tank, one in every German transport, one at every German airbase. Thousands. They British probably had 10 or more, didn't matter. What mattered was the CODE that Turing broke with Christopher/the computer. With the computer he could get the new day's CODE and key it into their one Enigma machine and know everything with that one broadcast. But to scrap it all (because the British have cracked Enigma) is to throw away ALL the Enigma machines in the field. And why? BECAUSE THOSE MACHINES HAVE A SEQUENCE THAT IS NOT RANDOM WHICH IS PREICATED ON THOSE 4 WHEELS/DIALS THAT ARE SET EACH DAY WITH THE NEW CODE. They send out a new sequence but Christopher cracks it each day and they change the 4 wheels with whatever Christopher tells them. In order for the Germans to defeat Christopher (what Turing created) the Germans need to create thousands and thousands of new Enigma machines with 4 new wheels/dials with a new set of code "conversions" based on those 4 dials. And get those machines out into the field. AND they have to hope that Turing can't defeat THOSE machines (which of course, he could.) NFW was that going to happen. Of course the Germans knew they cracked the code. Of course their team acted on every piece of intelligence. Its just that the Germans needed to start sending ridiculously false intelligence to keep M15 and M16 on their heels and nor pursue everything. Germany was not going to go out and replace 10,000 Enigma machines out in the world.
the story is good but it is missing a very large piece ...... IT HAD NO FAIL SAFE POSITION ..... an elevator stays on the floor it fails at....does it not! so if you send a sub to a location it doesnt need to be and it arrives somebody broke your programming....no!
@@Mmmm1ch43l it appears not! that is how they broke the damn code.... the enigma didnt have one, a fail safe. you could send incorrect codes and nobody was watching .... that is how they found out all the correct codes,...they ended in heil hitler.... i love how people show thier ignorance and dont mind doing it.... what does fail safe have to do with the enigma.... basic stupidity!
@@willieboy8798 lol, shut up what do you mean by "the enigma allowed you to send incorrect codes"? I promise you, the reply to your comments will become more sensible once your comments start making sense in the first place
If he didn't commit suicide at such a young age, our computing progress would have been much faster thus better software and computers by now. This reminds me of how the accidental burning of the library of Alexandria due to religion had set us back scientifically probably hundreds of years.
..... It's hard to say he committed suicide when the British government was forcing him to take drugs because he was gay. He overdosed on those drugs. Even if he did suicide it was because of the actions of the British government.
The camp commander was a prick, pity in the final scenes of the movie that Turing wasnt able to say to the commander.........'Well actually, we broke enigma many months ago, but you were never told, as you were considered a security risk.'
All the comments castigating the British government for his treatment need to bear in mind that his proclivities remained considered to be a security risk (vulnerable to blackmail) until they were no longer Illegal (1967).
Ah so thats why its cool to chemically castrate people? I know moral relativity exists but are you really arguing against the condemnation of his treatment?
Nope. While he certainly had knowledge that was classified the Government never did anything to Turling. It was Manchester police who wanted to make an example out of him.
@@Thetruepianoman No need to condemn his treatment, he chose it by his own free will. He was never forced to do it. I do agree that it's a cruel treatment to be forced to do but when somebody decides to do it out of their own free will then who am I to judge...?
Hello, I saw your comment and create the account just for answered you so I hope you will see it. I'm russian and maybe you know that my and your country's was a huge enemies in WW2. But today we all got a different and better realationship and I just want you to know that your place of birth doesn't make you someone you don't want to be. I met both Germans and Japanese who talked about the horrors of the war and tried to apologize to me and other Russian people. But I think it's wrong. The war itself is disgusting and terrible, and it doesn’t matter who participated in it and “on which side”. We are all people and we must be humane and remember that life is the most valuable thing we have. I hope you watch this movie (it's my favorite) and you, like many others, will be hooked by the fact how much people had to do to end the war, and how much they actually did together. If the Poles hadn't stolen Enigma, if the British hadn't deciphered it, if the Soviets hadn't used their military power to counterattack according to the British, if the Germans hadn't started resisting the regime, who knows where we would all be now. I sincerely wish you to feel good and realize that we are in a better world and that your country and your nation has apologized enough for what happened.
Having the machine probably helped, but the act of decryption remained a problem. Our entire banking system and internet currently rely on a cryptography that is easily performed and transparent in operation while being allegedly unbreakable.
@@fredbloggs5902 Poles have broken the Enigma code. And they did it without any machines. After that they made working replica of Enigma. English people made a some kind of computer to work much faster. When Germans add extra ring to Enigma, Turing went to Polish matematician to ask what to do with it.
teneas shut up rtard that's utter trash. The Poles broke the first iteration but couldn't deal with the plug board settings. They met with the Allies and shared their knowledge and helped Turing etc break Enigma dial and plug board settings
@@teneas7443 the Poles couldn’t decipher fast enough to be of any practical use, but you’re welcome to cling to your delusions if they bring you comfort.
@@fredbloggs5902 How's that a delusion? The enigma code was broken by Poles. The british bombe machines used to crack german codes utilised mathematical principles given to britain by Poles.
Wonderful film. Almost all of it is a lie. The Bomba (computer) was first invented by the Poles and brought to Bletchley Park. Turing helped on the British version but was not its inventor or the chief proponent working against the Admiralty. Turing spent most of the war in the US helping the US with computers. MI6 did not use "maths" to figure out which messages to use. That was up to the higher officials and they had their own calculus. The Red agent on the team, Cairncross, was not on the team, was not unearthed as a spy until the 1970s, and was never doubled.
The Bomba was not a computer. It was a mechanical device that replicated the functions of 36 Enigma machines running in paralle. Each Enigma had 3 cypher wheels, hence the 3x36 = 108 rotating drums you see on the Bomba. The idea was to achieve a partial decrypt manually and the to use the result to wire up the Bomba with the suspected settings for that day. It would then rapidly attempt every combination until it found one that worked.
Turing only spent the winter of 1942/43 in the US where he was a consultant for the US developers of the American bombes, which were designed for decrypting 4-rotor Enigma traffic. Four rotor traffic was primarily decoded in the US and not Bletchley Park. From 1943 onward Turing was back in Britain working on a machine called Delilah for recognition and encrypting (and the reverse) of voice traffic.
This movie was terrible... it made it look like four people cracked the code ... it was thousands of people, literally thousands. Touring did play a huge role, and he was treated badly, but this movie was crap!
Gues what he did not break the code code vas broken long ago by Polish matimatitians but aded weriables meyd imposible to red the maseges i time with the divices THEY ptoduced but simpli THEY wuld need much more THEY were able to get so all the data and divices were pased to allies and what he did with IT was begin the era of comuting that alowed to speed up the proces so this movie as meny more is spiting boolshiet im tired of constantly be forced to fight for the thue history of Polish nation that was eresed twisted and perwerted by comunists after 1945...
It’s unbelievable how effective the German military was. Even with the countless advantages the Allies had, including breaking their top secret communications code, millions upon millions had to die to defeat them. And for decades breaking the code was a dirty little secret to preserve the illusion of heroic brilliance on the part of Allied generals. Without the code, who knows?
On the contrary, it’s unbelievable how incompetent the German military was at using cypher technology. If their operators hadn't made elementary mistakes, often by ignoring operating instructions, breaking the enigma would have been far more difficult.
@@claratrevlyn5304 Not just incompetent in cypher technology, but in other avenues too - Agent Zigzag, Eddie Chapman, was trained as a spy by the Germans and parachuted into England on a mission with a significant amount of fake UK pounds. The fakes were good ones, but they had wrapped them in German bank wrappers.....
horrible movie.. It didn't explain how he approached engima, didn't explain what his machine does, or how his machine solved it. It did take a giant break in the middle to explore is homo-sexuality.
ah,,so you don't want real heroes you want to see gun toting hollywood cop heroes and a bit of drama ,,well why watch this sureley you can get on netflix with some popcorn and fantasise your screen heroes ..then leave us to watch REAL heroes.
@@wesmartin9392 Are you British? They always say, "Brilliant." I thought the movie was brilliant. In football, what we Yanks call "soccer," the announcers use the expression, "a little bit" as in "That was a little bit of a light touch."
Alan Turing was/is a hero. The way they treated him after breaking the code is horrific. He deserved so much better.
He was unstable and not a team player.
@@celtspeaksgoth7251 Most super genius are unstable, that is usually what makes them do the impossible. Its also why people are so against making education normalized, when it should instead try to identify and nurture the super genius. Too bad we don't do that, we call them crazy and force them to become normal, which in turn destroys their geniuses by making their uniqueness a disease to be cured.
@@celtspeaksgoth7251 That is precisely why he was a genius and a hero: he was not afraid to think and act differently. His "differences" saved all of us from the absolute barbarities of Nazism and Communism. But some "normally thinking" imbecile crushed him to the point where he had to commit suicide. And we all lost one of the greatest minds humanity has been blessed with.
@@emmanueldidier321 a shortlived victory. I guess it's round 2 incomming to defeat those things.
@@celtspeaksgoth7251 Did you know him personally? And, by the way, Einstein, Pasteur, Joliot-Curie, Galileo, etc, were NOT team players either, thanks for all of us.
Alan Turing’s nephew, Dermott Turing, gives full credit to the Poles for breaking the first German enigma code and sharing this valuable breakthrough with the allies. Without the Poles breaking the codes during the 1930s Alan Turing and his Bletchley Park team would not have come into being. So in essence, the Poles did an incredible job in breaking the first codes and then becoming a part of the allied Alan Turing led team that broke and deciphered subsequent codes and the messages they carried. What Turing and others did at Bletchley Park was work out how to speed up and automate that process so that more days than not they could break the code on the same day, allowing decrypts to be less than 24 hours old when sent to the relevant military handlers.
The machine the Poles emulated was an early machine with 3 fixed rotors. The one captured by HMS Bulldog in 1940 was a more advanced 3 rotor with an extra replaceable rotor. The Germans added 3 extra replaceable rotors in 1941 and the Kriegsmarine created a new 4 rotor Enigma (called Enigma M4) in 1942.
With all due credit to what the Poles achieved to break into the mechanics and wiring of the 1930s Enigmas (with help from the French whose secret service had turned German who had access to Enigma operating procedures) to suggest that Turing would have been unable to crack the codes is just far fetched. Bletchley Park were breaking codes manually in 1940.
The Germans used two levels of code: a) the message was converted into German code that was then input to Enigma and b) the encrypted coded message generated by the Enigma machine settings. The Kriegsmarine had 3 different levels of primary code and procedures. Turing had to crack them all even after the Enigma code was broken.
The Poles were and still are held in high esteem by the British. Friends forever.
@@1chish why is it your everywhere lmao.
@@adamatch9624 What a totally pointless comment.
And why my everywhere?
WUT?
(Clue: it is "you're" not "your") 🤦♂
Given there are over 800 million videos on YT for me to be 'everywhere' would be some achievement? 🤣🤣
@@DrCrabfingers we have a dedicated graveyard in our local town for all the polish soldiers that were stationed here, and at our war memorial monument we have a British flag right next to the Polish flag, both the same size
Cumbelbatch's rendition of Turing was simply genius.
At least today he gets some of the recognition he truly deserves.
Thank you, Alan. For everything
Bless him...and the way he was 'awarded'...shameful
My wife's late father was a Sub-lieutenant on HMS Bulldog when they captured the first Enigma machine complete with code books after forcing U-110 to the surface. To me he was a hero and I wish I'd known him better. To my wife he was just silly old dad and she doesn't realise how important his contribution to the war was.
Building the machine that could break enigma was incredible. But the realization that there was two words .. always two words .. at the end of most messages, allowing the machine to say X = Y so now I just have to chug, chug. chug .. here is the solution .. was brilliant. And that is still one aspect of code breaking. If people fall into a pattern in the codes they can be broken as something can be guessed to serve as a base to build on.
That wasn't how it was broken though. They started each message with the crypto settings for the rest of the message, repeated twice. Too difficult to convey in a movie though.
@@TWFydGlu Also can't have a woman and/or minority be the lynch pin for every breakthrough if they showed how things really went.
@@TWFydGlu That's very generous to a truly terrible film.
The problem is that x never equals y with an Enigma more than once. It changes on very keypress. There's an element of truth in what you describe, but it was far, far more complex than that. Bletchley Park is well worth a visit if you're ever in the area, and they do a great job of illustrating the scale of the problem they faced.
@@FloatingOnAZephyr and nearby is the national computer museum. They have a working replica bomb.
I think they might have used that very bomb in the movie.
They also have a machine that was used to crack another, harder, german code that was used for diplomatic messages.
To be clear, Alan Turing was a hero. Three Polish scientists broke Enigma, and they generously shared their insight with the British. It was a very large group project. Real history is more interesting than Hollywood history.
Yes the polish broke it gave their findings to the Brit’s and then after that I believe the Germans changed the codes
It was also worth noting there was more than one iteration of Enigma: Three Polish scientists broke the first iteration of Enigma, and then Bletchley Park were the team that broke the version of Enigma seen in the movie.
This is a comment I found above. This breaks down your vague statement into something more meaningful.
"The machine the Poles emulated was an early machine with 3 fixed rotors. The one captured by HMS Bulldog in 1940 was a more advanced 3 rotor with an extra replaceable rotor. The Germans added 3 extra replaceable rotors in 1941 and the Kriegsmarine created a new 4 rotor Enigma (called Enigma M4) in 1942.
With all due credit to what the Poles achieved to break into the mechanics and wiring of the 1930s Enigmas (with help from the French whose secret service had turned German who had access to Enigma operating procedures) to suggest that Turing would have been unable to crack the codes is just far fetched. Bletchley Park were breaking codes manually in 1940.
The Germans used two levels of code: a) the message was converted into German code that was then input to Enigma and b) the encrypted coded message generated by the Enigma machine settings. The Kriegsmarine had 3 different levels of primary code and procedures. Turing had to crack them all even after the Enigma code was broken."
gotta push the anglo saxon supremacy somehow
@@Rikard416 Do you think this movie was made with a racist agenda or something? The Polish are free to make a movie about their codebreaking exploits.
I visited the colossus in Bletchley park, a feat of engineering and a historical monument that was the seed bed for the personal computer as we know it today. Without Turing who knows what computers would be like right now, if we would even have them in the first place. An amazing man that was treated not with the deep gratitude of a nation he had a major role in saving; but as a sick deviant that needed to suffer. There will never be anything to put this rage inducing horror right, but we should all do our part in remembering his achievements and mourning the undue sacrifice he was forced to make.
FYI for anyone reading this and being confused at "Colossus" rather than the "Bombe" which cracked enigma, Colossus was used to crack the Lorenz cipher which a more complex cipher only used by Hitler & his top generals/commanders to communicate
I would say all computers since
What a great movie. Turing saved about a million people.
Turing Machine, all computer science students know well ! He's such a genius.
👏👏👏
Absolutely brilliant movie, spent a day at bletchley park, could have spent a year just learning
Did you meet Colossus in the computer museum next door?
Yes, it was a brilliant movie. I bet you are British. The British are always saying, "brilliant." My dad spent three years in London during the war. He had studied horticulture and agriculture before the war. Arthur loved those British gardens.
Nope not British, born in Canada, now living in Australia.
@@erikmardiste Did any native animals try to kill you yet? 😁
@@Milnoc ?? No
Being Men In Sheds is what we’re world beaters at. And Turing was the epitome of that ilk .
And we put him on our £50 note. Brilliant man.
Do you have 15, 100?
Without Turing, all of us would be speaking German; and the £ would not exist.
@@jkrasney1 Nah Germany could never have kept up long enough even if the Enigma Machine didn't work.
The code was broken, with more brains on it they would start cracking it faster and faster even without the machine.
Meanwhile Germany would still throw their dicks against the Russian wall of Ice and Famine, lose most their force there and have the Red Army beat their asses back.
Operation Mincemeat still had a decent chance of succeeding they just would not know how well it was working, Italy falls to the Allies and traitors who saw the writing on the walls and Germany is left surrounded by angry neighbors.
Breaking the Enigma Cypher did not put a massive ass body of water and the strongest Navy in the world at the time between Britain and the rest of Europe.
Alan I hope you are at peace now.
The Click of the computer still sends chills.
What ever happened to the clicks? 🤷♀️😊
Turring and his team were heroes!, as were the team of sailors that captured the first intact Inigma machine from a sinking Uboat! (Spoiler alert, it wasn't the Americans as depicted by Hollywood).
And of course it had to be a ship called HMS Bulldog that did it!
@Rob Leary, while not the first as you correctly state, the code books and an Enigma Machine was obtained when the U-505 was captured 4 June 1944.
Agreed, the Americans did nothing in WWII yet they always get the credit.
@@ericfermin8347 "Americans did nothing in WWII"????
Cite your VERIFIABLE evidence supporting that absurd statement.
@@MaxCruise73 They played a big part in WWII no doubt about it but then their war was only half as long as the British and Commonwealth war but its like we were never there. It is a fact that the Yanks always take all the credit for anything successful and dump shite on allies when it goes pear shaped. That has been repeated on every occasion. Like the Ardennes was a Yank cock up of immense proportions but the fact that Montgomery turned British armour around, re-organised the Yank lines to turned the battles round and the Germans defeated never gets mentioned. Worse Patton got the US Media to attack Monty and push false stories out. Patton's contribution? Jack Shit like always and yet they make films about the clown.
The major part the British played against Japan is just erased from American memory and yet we had more men fighting the Japs for longer than the Yanks had in Europe at any one time. We lent them a carrier (HMS Victorious) when they had one operational carrier left (Saratoga) at a time when we desperately needed it in Europe. Its never mentioned. We had a huge naval force in the Pacific but its never mentioned even though we proved our steel decked carriers withstood Kamikaze hits while the Yank wooden topped carriers didn't. Its never mentioned. We gave them huge advances like Cavity Magnetron, nuclear fission and jet technology. Its never mentioned.
The UK alone suffered more KIA than the USA did in WWII and we were a country 1/5th the size. And that is before we add the Commonwealth losses. Rarely mentioned.
Its not that the Yanks did nothing its just the totally overblow what they DID do well and blame others when it didn't.
Despite great contribution of British cryptographers it's a pity that there's no word about Polish mathematicians who broke Enigma's code first and handed it over to British.
We might not have been born if it wasn’t for this man
Or speaking German
Actually, it was 3 letters before and 3 letters after the message. However, someone at Bletchley Park realized that the Germans, especially the SS units were often using Ber&lin or Hit&ler! Trying the messages from certain units (this is where having dedicated people to monitor a single unit paid off at an extremely big way!! (the fictitious gal talking about her "opposite" having a girlfriend is a great example) allow them to know which units had a history of doing this... Allowing Bletchley Park to prioritize using those units to solve that day's code settings!!
A lot of credit was given to Allied Generals for successes on the Battlefield when the truth was, it was knowing the battle-plans of the Germans and the Italians days in advance. Not just days but in some cases months!
My father was General Mark Clark's communications officer for the Italian campaign. Handled all of his messaging. When the book "The Ultra Secret" came out, I gave it to him as a gift. After he read it, he said to me, "There was always one guy by himself. Nobody knew what he did. Now I know."
*tfw you are a CS Major who understands everything Turing did through all the courses you took and understand that the core of all Computer Theory essentially stems from Turing Machines, i.e. computers, only to realize you never actually looked into the man who gave me a job* 👁👄👁
We all of them. I often think of Flowers.
The war ended in 1945. The public did not know that enigma had been broken until 1974. Alan Turing died in 1954 having never been recognized for his monumental accomplishment. In the meantime, he had been imprisoned and chemically castrated by the very country that he helped save.
Repeating words is really the fastest way to crack a code.
Dr Strange showing Tywin Lannister who’s boss
Turing as possibly the greatest hero of WW2, while also creating a new branch of science in the process, and the law killed him... world's greatest hero, and the world's greatest shame all in a measure...
He didn't create a new branch of science. He contributed immensely to automated computation, but he too stands on the shoulders of giants.
(Let's not forget the guy he was trying to have sex with was underage)
”the hero we needed, but not the hero we deserved”
@@SuperSampling I would argue Turing is an example of someone who himself a giant stood atop the shoulders of some other giants and men of lesser importance. His importance for Science as a whole and his impact on the world should not be understated.
@@jelledeboer9295 Yeah, well, I'm not too sure about that. Again, he contributed immensely to automated computation and cryptography. The concept of a Turing machine is still an important piece in computability proofs.
But what else did he really do? The concept of a programmable computer was long known (about 100 years!) due to Charles Babbages Analytical Engine (making Ada Lovelace the first programmer) and the first electrical computer (the Z3) was marketed in 1938 by Konrad Zuse.
Not only that, but Alonzo Church proposed a universal minimal logic system in the 1930s (the λ-calculus) that only now gets real public traction with functional programming (I know of PROLOG, Haskell and LISP, ofc, but I'm speaking of integration into mainstream languages). So one may argue, that a Turing machine is somewhat of local extrema from which we need to escape now.
Nice film, good acting, valuable reminders of Turing's genius, but the film tells an untruth. The actual heroes of solving the mystery of Enigma were Polish engineers, and they - primarily they - should be the main characters of this film.
Polish cinematography is more than welcome to produce a movie celebrating their heroism. :-)
The irony in this movie is the premise it starts off with. A detective who thinks he has uncovered a spy!.... only to find out he really was a spy, just not for the soviets and that his detective work ends up costing the war hero his life.
He may not have uncovered a Soviet spy. But, he did uncover a spy who uncovered a Soviet spy.
@@gregorymoore2877 that too
While Dr. Turing (the dude had a PhD from Princeton, and NO ONE refers to him as Dr for some reason) and his GCSC colleagues didn't single handedly win the war, they at the very least hastened its end, saved lives, and gave the Allies a much needed advantage over the Germans, as their supposedly secret submarine updates and instructions suddenly weren't that secret anymore. And then, of course, being one of the founders of modern computing. No one deserved the treatment he received simply for being gay, but Alan Turing especially did not deserve to have the government he had loyally served turn against him for that, leading to his suicide less than 10 years after the war. One day, someone will create a truly sentient AI, and I sincerely hope they name it Alan.
The man was a legend, horrible the rules against gays in the 30s40s, but it's amazing that benadict is actually related to him, a family member playing an amazing man I thin khe would be proud
So a german officer made a mistake using the same 5 letters... Like you...... using the same password en username over and over again to login to different websites.. !!! ??
I just use the same 4 letters. Is that bad? Maybe I need to watch this movie.
it's about repetition, the "heil Hitler" that they end every communication and "Wetterbericht" for weather every morning is what killed enigma.
@@kevinwaag9976 I.E. the machine worked perfectly. The problem was its users.
What is Tywin Lannister doing in WW2?
Playing a Lieutenant Commander of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.
Tywin Lannister being in this film would be entirely in keeping with its general level of historical accuracy.
hes here to pay his debt
They're all so bloody posh 😊
Yep private education does that
short war indeed lasted longer than up to that point...
It's a damn shame we didn't call computers, Turings.
Turing didn't invent computers or computer theory or computer application or computer hardware or computer software. He did invent the computing iteration which was necessary for his era.
Not trying to downplay Turing, he was a genius, but Babbage would be the earliest inventor of a mechanical computer, strictly speaking.
@@pwnmeisterage Turing invented the first automated programmable computer
@@billybob01234567 Nobody said he did not. He just said he did not invent computers. When we talk about computers we refer to the computer that Babbage invented.
I laughed my ass off at the reveal how the germans got hacked by that machine
Pure genius
my fav scenes of all time in all of movies
Turing was not treated kindly after the war. But, in a strange way, it was the very secrecy that he insisted upon that caused his persecution. Since nobody revealed the 'Bletchley Secret' in 30 years, his foundational role could not be acknowledged and he was not treated with the respect that he could have been. If he had been a pilot and been awarded the DSO, for example, the police might have been less vindictive in their actions. It is worth pointing out, however, that he was treated as too many gay men were and the hostility, prejudice and malicious cruelty have not disappeared.
Errr, sorry to say, but this is Benedict Cumberbatch, he is a current international actor and has never published any material relating to cryptography, computing or mathematics for that matter...
The poles invented the first code breaker machine, and the big nations didn't want nothing to do with them for a while. Allan Turing took the machine to the next level mechanism. I know men of Turing's calibre, I'm married to one. They have "extraordinary minds." I've seen my other half do the absolute impossible so many times. If it wasn't for his formidable mother, my other half would have taken all that Turing was dished out at school. His mother was not a woman to be triffled with when it came to her high functioning g brilliant son 🙅♀️. She got a Jo his school, and she made sure he was raised and treated as his peers. My other half turned out
a very well adjusted likeable man, person and husband. Here's to all the Allan Turing's of this world 🍾 🥂 🎉.
It's still hard for me to understand how he cracked that Enigma code.
learn theory of computation.
Basically he didn't the polish secret service were sent a machine by mistake by the Germans as two towns one in Poland and one in Germany had similar names .. they copied It and returned it . The code settings were stolen by spies another secret . Turing and a host of colleagues were brilliant and organized faster reading machines electronic and otherwise. The main thing to know about intelligence services is they never tell the truth about anything.!
If you have an Enigma machine, you can decode a message made by an Enigma machine, but you have to have the same combination (on the dials, and the plugs on the bottom which switch two letters, breaking the pattern)
The problem was, there were 158,000,000,000,000,000,000+ possible combinations of dials and plugs. Turring's machine tried every combnation until they found the right combination. In the 1940's 158 quintillion combinations takes a long time to compute, more than the 18 hours they had.
However, finding a setting that outputs the word "Heil" and the word "Hitler" (and in this scene, the word "weather") takes a lot less time. They put in the coded message, and the machine stopped when it found a combination that resulted in those words. (Edit: or I think they put in the words and waited to get the coded message.)
Edit: I wanted to add more fun facts, and this turned into an essay
Edit: How the dials/rotors worked:
The rotor on the right of enigma spun every time a key was pressed. The 2nd spun once every time the 1st wheel had spun 26 times, and the same happens from 2 to 3.
Inside a rotor, the wires were all crisscrossed. The signal went through rotor 1, went through the crossed wires and came out a different spot on rotor 1 into rotor 2. When the signal came out rotor 3, it came backwards through rotors 3, 2, 1 again.
Marian Rejewski from Poland was the one who figured out how exactly the wires were crossed for each rotor. In the beginning, the Germans would send the encryption key twice in the message itself. ("ABCABC") Since it's the same thing twice, even if the message was encrypted ("FGHYEU"), Rejewski knew that "F" and "Y" were the same letter after 3 turns of rotor 1. He made a table for each letter for each rotor, which is how he was able to write an equation that mimicked the rotors.
Rejewski solved the rotors, so the poles built "Bomba" machines, which were like motorized Enigma machines with six slots for rotors. Turing named his machine "bombe" in honor of the "bomba" which came before.
Edit: one flaw of Enigma that made finding the combination easier was that it wouldn't encrypt a letter as itself (a "t" would not become a "t" in the code.) This meant they could pick a phrase they expected, and they knew it could only be in the encrypted message in a section where none of the letters matched.
Edit: How Turing's actual machine worked:
(The movie makes a big deal about the Germans repeating the same text in every message, but the machine was designed from the start to look for those kinds of phrases.)
The spinning things are mimicking the dials. Turing basically built 36 enigmas in one. (Each column of three drums is an enigma)
On the back of the drums are basically big plugs (made from wire brushes) with 26 connections.
The machine could run through a combination of drums in about 20 minutes, but it also needed to solve the plugs. The plugs cross the signal when you push the key, and then they cross the signal after the scrambling is done (if the scrambled letter has a plug in it), to light up the lamp it's connected to.
(I may be wrong about the next bit.) The rotors had to go all the way around before they would turn the same letter into the same encrypted letter. So whenever they found the same pair twice before the 26th letter of the message (before the dial went all the way around), they knew they'd found where one letter was plugged into another one.
Turing's crew would make diagrams of the connections between letters. This diagram could be represented by making an electrical circuit and that's what they're plugging in when it shows the back of the machine. A loop of letters can also be a loop of cables in the back of the machine. (Which makes a loop of electricity through the rotors, which all have plugs on the back of them.) The machine stops the first time it finds a rotor combination that completes the whole circuit they've programed in.
When the machine stops, there are three extra rotors in the middle row on the right, which show the combination that passed the test. Then they'd run tests on the message with that combination to see if it would work or not. If not, they turn the machine back on and wait for the next combination.
It took about 20 minutes to put the rotors on and try every combination for three rotors.
Numberfile explains Enigma in this video: th-cam.com/video/G2_Q9FoD-oQ/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=Numberphile
Computerfile on how the decryption machine worked: th-cam.com/video/kj_7Jc1mS9k/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=Computerphile
what are tywin and dr strange doing together?
“Now, let me try and we will know for sure.”
Now that is past self confidence and well into arrogance.
"It ain't bragging if you can really do it."
He was simply stating an evidently true fact.
An engaging movie, but inaccurate in so many respects, and made Turing look unrealistically pathetic by the end of his life, maybe to reinforce the tragedy of his death. The Poles had build a simpler machine (bomba kryptologiczna) for decoding an earlier simpler version of the Enigma machine and were using it to decrypt messages for over 6 years. Finally in 1939 they shared what they were doing with the Allies, at the timeTuring began his work. So the idea that a machine could be build to decode Enigma messages was not viewed as preposterous as it was portrayed in the movie. From the Polish machine's name, the Turing machine was known as the "bombe." It was not named after Christopher Morcom, Turing's first love. The sinking of the convey hours after the first messages were decoded did not happen, but was a plot device to reinforce the consequences that some attacks were allowed to occur in order to keep the cracking of the Enigma machines secret. The physical ailments portrayed at the end were not accurate. The treatments mainly resulted in impotence and gynecomastia which he found embarrassing. But the treatments were for only one year, and had ended a year before he died. He was described by colleagues as not being depressed prior to his death, and he had made a list of tasks for the following days. While he lost his security clearance, he retained his university position as a distinguished expert in mathematics, and was not some eccentric holed up in his rooms working alone. There was no investigation to prove there was cyanide on the apple he half consumed the night before. Some argue he died from accidental inhalation from a gold plating apparatus he had in an adjacent room. Others propose the apparatus was there to provide plausible deniability of suicide for his mother who did not accept the coroner's suicide verdict. At this point we will never know.
Try putting line breaks in your comments. Was hard reading what you wrote.
What this misses is that Turing was gay, and the hate that was directed to him for being gay is what ultimately killed him. What other reaches of knowledge was lost because of society's bigotry towards this gay man?
He killed himself, as to why we don't know he did not leave a note. You are free to speculate though just saying just because you THINK you know the reason doesn't mean it's true.
The film ignored Tommy Flowers' Collossus which was as important as Turing's Bombe (and as clever). The Poles; Welchman's Metadata; Hugh Alexander and Stuart Milner-Barry's contributions; all glossed over. The film was disappointingly unfaithful to the full complexity the real team jointly addressed. Lastly ULTRA was used continously against the Enigma machines still sold widely around the world post-war, not detroyed as shown.
Not really. Collossos was only used to decrypt the Lorenz cypher which was only used by high command I.. e. Hitler et Al. Military and field communications were all Enigma machines
If the film had tried to include all that it would have been 8 hours long, and would still have omitted large parts of the story. There is no way to tell the blow-by-blow history of Bletchley Park without confusing the hell out of the audience and burying Turing's part along the way. The film told Turing's story. In that, it succeeded brilliantly.
The polish Bomba was the first Enigma machine which of course gave the ground work for later machines. But, and here's the but. What Turling did was far more complicated as the germans added more wheels right up to the end of the war.
Also they couldn't include everything int he film as it would have been hours longer.
Fun fact. Some of the work done by Turling and the team are still clasiified to this day!
Alan Turing shouldn’t have just been pardoned after his death he should have also received a Knighthood (even though dead)!
Too many cuts
So go buy the dvd.
Marian Rejewski
....and for that great achievement, Great Britain castrated one of the greatest war heroes of all time. They should all be collectively ashamed.
Did you make that up by yourself just now? He did not undergo what's called "chemical castration" because of his war-time achievements. He agreed to undergo hormonal physical changes designed to reduce libido by his own free will. Nobody forced him to do it. I am not from Great Britain but I think it's a bit silly saying they should all be collectively ashamed because somebody went through chemical castration by their own free will.
@@zjeeeSince the alternative was to go to jail his action in agreeing to chemical castration was hardly "volunteering".
A brilliant mind his treatment by the establishment was shameful.
Now imagine if hitler and Churchill had a pint.
Litre
Chamberlain tried the nice guy appeasement approach. "Peace in our time", how did that work out? True evil must be confronted with strengthh.
@@fredbecker607 And who decides who is the true evil? Hitler did the right thing, based on your words.
Not to mention that at the core of this war is democracy and incompetence.
I am Slovak, hence only I get to talk about the betrayal the west has shown. In my eyes, and in the eyes of my nation, You were the traitors who should be struck down right after Hitler.
@@fredbecker607 Yep, as Churchill said "you cannot negotiate with a tiger when your head is in its mouth!"
Yes the most difficult decision was to determine who (which ships, which towns or cities) would live and which would die. As I understand it Churchill cried when he made the decision to allow for the bombing of Coventry. One token fighter was permitted,. The people of Coventry apparently did not forgive nor forget which contributed to Churchill being voted out of office in the months after the European surrender. Eventually he was forgiven, but probably not forgotten. Turing on the other hand was neither forgiven and was all but forgotten until this motion picture was released and he was given a honourable pardon by the British Govt - 50 or more years too late.
Queer brilliant male shortens WWII, Britain says thanks with chemical castration. I seriously have a love/hate relationship with that damnable island.
Most countries in the 1930s and 1940s made homosexuality a crime. In the UK it was legalised in 1967 but in the USA it was illegal until 2003.
It was morally wrong but only by today's standards not by the standards of the day.
The law is the law and to suggest exceptions should be made is the path to tyranny.
@@1chish no, it was wrong then too, just not enough people were saying so.
@@soupsoup6813 You make the classic mistake of confusing morality with legality which are not the same thing by a country mile.
As it happens (and this is important) the moral beliefs of the time ('30s, '40s and '50s) was that homosexuality was simply wrong in moral, religious, social and legal terms. I am 75 and was raised when that was the situation. The outcries came in the '60s and why the law was changed in 1967.
You project a current morality and legality on to a very different society with very different beliefs. They were no more wrong THEN than you and me are right NOW. Beliefs change.
@@1chish Not atall, you had already specifically said "it was morally wrong but only by today's standards", this is what I was responding too. It was morally wrong then too. Even if the majority didn't think so. In the same way that there are things we think are ok today, people in the future will know better and rightly judge us for.
@@soupsoup6813 You just argued against yourself by suggesting we may well be wrong today because of changed opinions in the future. THAT is my point: If we believe it is right by our standards today then we cannot be faulted by future generations who may well have better information or simply hold different opinions. That is very different from saying morals and opinions must never change and I was not arguing that. My point is that they MUST change and do.
It was NOT 'morally wrong' by the standards of the day. I agree, and stated, that by today's standards we would not accept that but that is today and not then. I do not understand why people cannot just say 'times were different' or 'I disagree with what they did' but rather seek to vilify and condemn our forefathers in very judgmental terms.
Should we extend that condemnation of their 'morality' and vilify the way our forefathers bombed German cities because the Germans were bombing them? Maybe we should apologise to the Germans for defeating their beloved Nazis? See where your 'morality' argument leads?
Such a bloody shame what the British Government did to him eventually (1952). Short version, condemned to Chemical Castration due to being gay, he suffered from Depression as a result, and killed himself by eating a poisoned apple. PS: Coincidence, not why Apple has an Apple logo.
Let's not mention that he agreed voluntarily to undergo hormonal physical changes designed to reduce libido. He was not sentenced to do so, he did so by his own free will. Also we do not know why he killed himself as he did not leave any notes. You can always speculate but that doesn't mean you are correct. Not saying he was treated well but let's not make things up shall we.
He didn't brake the code it was a Polish guy🤔
Imitation game is a british propaganda movie that omits polish contribution in breaking the enigma code.
Bragging about how britain hounded a war hero into committing suicide?
Brilliant deduction.......
The film uses typical creative writing to alter what happened into a thriller/suspense style. l understand that's a requirement, since the reality isn't exactly gripping, just methodical and difficult to convey in a short time. The idea though that basic information wasn't being communicated between sections of Bletchley Park and that the breakthrough resulted because a conversation just happened to get struck up and in which absolutely basic information was shared.......that's going too far and it does a disservice to the memory of the people who worked there. It makes a mockery of what they did.
A great debt is owed Alan Turing for the lives he saved WWII and the disgusting mistreatment he indured after the war.
it must have been a terrible burden knowing you had intel that could save allied lives and be unable to share it because you needed to be able to save it for when it mattered most
But what about all the foreign people people that played a major roll in this episode of the war. Once again we pretend it was just us Brits.
Seems like he was a coward who didn't want to follow it up.
It's like Brits have tradition to reward evil and punish good. Alan Turing was a hero but they gifted him to option of chemical castration just because he was gay, Winston Churchill policies deliberately caused Great Bengal Famine in India when Indian troops were fighting by British side.
The Bengal famine was largely caused by extreme weather and the response of the local (indigenous) governments who refused to acknowledge the problem and ask for help.
Alan Turing was a great scientist, but he had an entire team of women that have been ignored through history. His sexual preference was not public until many years after the war and should have no bearing on his accomplishments during the war. Besides the British were already in possession of Enigma and its code books.
Quite ironic that the only thing that brought down the german enigma was "Heil Hitler" used in every transition.
Thinks to Hitler we now have AI.
Enigma saved 14 million lives for those 2 years that it shortened the war and the battles we won because of it. It was broken in May 1941, Germany surrendered in July 1945. So how many millions a year after we broke it were sacrificed to keep it secret? 20 million?
I think it had to be kept secret so the germans wouldn't know their code was cracked. If they knew their code was cracked, then they would stop using it.
Yeah obviously if they had found out that we had cracked it all they would have to do was change the heil hitler bit and then it would take years to crack it again
There are many ways that Germany could have altered the encryption scheme, at very, very little cost, that would have 'blinded' the codebreakers for months. They did, apparently, on one occasion, and no German messages were deciphered for over a year (if I remember it rightly).
As Cumberbatch said in the movie: If German military 'smelled' that their encryption was being broken, Germany would, within hours, make changes that would make decryption monumentally more difficult...
So, the real question is: "How many millions per year, year after year, WOULD have died if the secret had been revealed?"
Most need not have died if Britain merely 'surrendered' to Hitler and his cronies. Does this sound like a preferable alternative to you????
I'm glad I wasn't born to be involved in any of it, but I do understand and respect those who kept the end goal in mind and made heartbreaking decisions.
Triage is never pretty...
Maybe It could be even more ...
Bombe decoding process is able eliminate wrong gues steps, this ability alows you to find new unknown hard wireing of the enigma ...
easier and faster way to do this is to use paper type decoding process
or even more sofisticated super fast relay machines ...
But its questionable to risk break enemy`s trust of his coding system and communication frazeology even subsequently ...
Everyone take a step back. Think for a moment.
Lets say that Alan Turing acted (immediately) on that first piece of intelligence and sank ALL the U-Boats and saved the convoy, saved all 500 British lives, saved his friend's brother's life. Okay so the Germans know the British have cracked Enigma when (and only when) they can't get in touch with those submarines. They are all dead.
Well, okay, so do the Germans stop broadcasting? No. NFW.
Remember, there were thousands, THOUSANDS of those Enigma machines out there in the world, one in every submarine, one in every Panzer tank, one in every German transport, one at every German airbase. Thousands. They British probably had 10 or more, didn't matter. What mattered was the CODE that Turing broke with Christopher/the computer. With the computer he could get the new day's CODE and key it into their one Enigma machine and know everything with that one broadcast.
But to scrap it all (because the British have cracked Enigma) is to throw away ALL the Enigma machines in the field. And why? BECAUSE THOSE MACHINES HAVE A SEQUENCE THAT IS NOT RANDOM WHICH IS PREICATED ON THOSE 4 WHEELS/DIALS THAT ARE SET EACH DAY WITH THE NEW CODE. They send out a new sequence but Christopher cracks it each day and they change the 4 wheels with whatever Christopher tells them. In order for the Germans to defeat Christopher (what Turing created) the Germans need to create thousands and thousands of new Enigma machines with 4 new wheels/dials with a new set of code "conversions" based on those 4 dials. And get those machines out into the field. AND they have to hope that Turing can't defeat THOSE machines (which of course, he could.)
NFW was that going to happen.
Of course the Germans knew they cracked the code. Of course their team acted on every piece of intelligence. Its just that the Germans needed to start sending ridiculously false intelligence to keep M15 and M16 on their heels and nor pursue everything. Germany was not going to go out and replace 10,000 Enigma machines out in the world.
Finnish radio intelligence break Ruskies code but Ruskies never broke Finns code never
Only someone who knows nothing about Turing would say this is a good scene.
the story is good but it is missing a very large piece ...... IT HAD NO FAIL SAFE POSITION ..... an elevator stays on the floor it fails at....does it not!
so if you send a sub to a location it doesnt need to be and it arrives somebody broke your programming....no!
Please elaborate, your comment’s meaning is obscure.
@@fredbloggs5902 you dont know what a fail safe is??
this topic is probably the most famous in enigma history.
@@willieboy8798 what are you saying?
yes, we know what a fail safe is, what does it have to do with enigma?
@@Mmmm1ch43l it appears not!
that is how they broke the damn code....
the enigma didnt have one, a fail safe. you could send incorrect codes and nobody was watching .... that is how they found out all the correct codes,...they ended in heil hitler....
i love how people show thier ignorance and dont mind doing it....
what does fail safe have to do with the enigma.... basic stupidity!
@@willieboy8798 lol, shut up
what do you mean by "the enigma allowed you to send incorrect codes"?
I promise you, the reply to your comments will become more sensible once your comments start making sense in the first place
fbi broke enigma in WW3
If he didn't commit suicide at such a young age, our computing progress would have been much faster thus better software and computers by now. This reminds me of how the accidental burning of the library of Alexandria due to religion had set us back scientifically probably hundreds of years.
..... It's hard to say he committed suicide when the British government was forcing him to take drugs because he was gay. He overdosed on those drugs. Even if he did suicide it was because of the actions of the British government.
@@Mgl1206 he died from cyanide, not neutering drugs.
@@fredbloggs5902 An accidental posioning of cyanide though.
@@okbutthenagain.9402 That seems to be the most likely scenario, but there are people who claim it was suicide (with no evidence).
The camp commander was a prick, pity in the final scenes of the movie that Turing wasnt able to say to the commander.........'Well actually, we broke enigma many months ago, but you were never told, as you were considered a security risk.'
The movie has virtually nothing to do with what actually happened. shame really.
wow, best scenes and no scene about his chemical castration. This youtube channel truely is biased towards good story telling and movie scenes.
Unsurprisingly insanely inaccurate. Hollywood ruins history yet again
And conservatives destroyed him
He killed himself and did not leave a note but yeah let's pretend to make cheap political points.
@@zjeee You're delusional.
AKA an Atheist saves the world.
Again....................
The soldiers on the ground won the war and "saved the world" Turing and his team's actions probably made the war shorter though.
Propaganda tastes so good.
All the comments castigating the British government for his treatment need to bear in mind that his proclivities remained considered to be a security risk (vulnerable to blackmail) until they were no longer Illegal (1967).
Ah so thats why its cool to chemically castrate people? I know moral relativity exists but are you really arguing against the condemnation of his treatment?
Nope. While he certainly had knowledge that was classified the Government never did anything to Turling. It was Manchester police who wanted to make an example out of him.
@@Thetruepianoman No need to condemn his treatment, he chose it by his own free will. He was never forced to do it. I do agree that it's a cruel treatment to be forced to do but when somebody decides to do it out of their own free will then who am I to judge...?
@@zjeee 'never forced'? He had to choose between spending two years in prison or taking chemically castrated pills. He didn't have aother option
Or they could have made it legal and then there would be nothing to blackmail.
as a german, i dont know how to feel about this
Hello, I saw your comment and create the account just for answered you so I hope you will see it. I'm russian and maybe you know that my and your country's was a huge enemies in WW2. But today we all got a different and better realationship and I just want you to know that your place of birth doesn't make you someone you don't want to be. I met both Germans and Japanese who talked about the horrors of the war and tried to apologize to me and other Russian people. But I think it's wrong. The war itself is disgusting and terrible, and it doesn’t matter who participated in it and “on which side”. We are all people and we must be humane and remember that life is the most valuable thing we have. I hope you watch this movie (it's my favorite) and you, like many others, will be hooked by the fact how much people had to do to end the war, and how much they actually did together. If the Poles hadn't stolen Enigma, if the British hadn't deciphered it, if the Soviets hadn't used their military power to counterattack according to the British, if the Germans hadn't started resisting the regime, who knows where we would all be now. I sincerely wish you to feel good and realize that we are in a better world and that your country and your nation has apologized enough for what happened.
They did that guy so wrong.
Yeah breaking...And it had nothing to do with fully working replica of Enigma, received from Poland in 1939 and manual how to use it...
Having the machine probably helped, but the act of decryption remained a problem.
Our entire banking system and internet currently rely on a cryptography that is easily performed and transparent in operation while being allegedly unbreakable.
@@fredbloggs5902 Poles have broken the Enigma code. And they did it without any machines. After that they made working replica of Enigma. English people made a some kind of computer to work much faster. When Germans add extra ring to Enigma, Turing went to Polish matematician to ask what to do with it.
teneas shut up rtard that's utter trash. The Poles broke the first iteration but couldn't deal with the plug board settings. They met with the Allies and shared their knowledge and helped Turing etc break Enigma dial and plug board settings
@@teneas7443 the Poles couldn’t decipher fast enough to be of any practical use, but you’re welcome to cling to your delusions if they bring you comfort.
@@fredbloggs5902 How's that a delusion? The enigma code was broken by Poles. The british bombe machines used to crack german codes utilised mathematical principles given to britain by Poles.
Wonderful film. Almost all of it is a lie. The Bomba (computer) was first invented by the Poles and brought to Bletchley Park. Turing helped on the British version but was not its inventor or the chief proponent working against the Admiralty. Turing spent most of the war in the US helping the US with computers. MI6 did not use "maths" to figure out which messages to use. That was up to the higher officials and they had their own calculus. The Red agent on the team, Cairncross, was not on the team, was not unearthed as a spy until the 1970s, and was never doubled.
The Bomba was not a computer. It was a mechanical device that replicated the functions of 36 Enigma machines running in paralle. Each Enigma had 3 cypher wheels, hence the 3x36 = 108 rotating drums you see on the Bomba. The idea was to achieve a partial decrypt manually and the to use the result to wire up the Bomba with the suspected settings for that day. It would then rapidly attempt every combination until it found one that worked.
@@claratrevlyn5304 Quite true. And yet the movie not only presents it as a computer, but Turing's invention alone.
Turing only spent the winter of 1942/43 in the US where he was a consultant for the US developers of the American bombes, which were designed for decrypting 4-rotor Enigma traffic. Four rotor traffic was primarily decoded in the US and not Bletchley Park. From 1943 onward Turing was back in Britain working on a machine called Delilah for recognition and encrypting (and the reverse) of voice traffic.
This movie was terrible... it made it look like four people cracked the code ... it was thousands of people, literally thousands. Touring did play a huge role, and he was treated badly, but this movie was crap!
Gues what he did not break the code code vas broken long ago by Polish matimatitians but aded weriables meyd imposible to red the maseges i time with the divices THEY ptoduced but simpli THEY wuld need much more THEY were able to get so all the data and divices were pased to allies and what he did with IT was begin the era of comuting that alowed to speed up the proces so this movie as meny more is spiting boolshiet im tired of constantly be forced to fight for the thue history of Polish nation that was eresed twisted and perwerted by comunists after 1945...
what
Anyone speak Enigma that can translate this?
When i speak THEY i ment Polish Matematicians Marian Rejewski Henryk Zygalski Jerzy Różycki
Look them up you gona lern somthing
@@prezes2272 I know about them. I'm just fucking with you.
Yes, but later Germans realized this and ADDED another rotor to the enigma making it unbrekable again. Learn entire story before commenting.
It’s unbelievable how effective the German military was. Even with the countless advantages the Allies had, including breaking their top secret communications code, millions upon millions had to die to defeat them.
And for decades breaking the code was a dirty little secret to preserve the illusion of heroic brilliance on the part of Allied generals.
Without the code, who knows?
That's an odd take on it all.
On the contrary, it’s unbelievable how incompetent the German military was at using cypher technology. If their operators hadn't made elementary mistakes, often by ignoring operating instructions, breaking the enigma would have been far more difficult.
@@claratrevlyn5304 Not just incompetent in cypher technology, but in other avenues too - Agent Zigzag, Eddie Chapman, was trained as a spy by the Germans and parachuted into England on a mission with a significant amount of fake UK pounds. The fakes were good ones, but they had wrapped them in German bank wrappers.....
Christ was on his shoulder
Why would he be. America was not even a country when Christ walked the earth.
@@SophiaAphrodite what does america have to do with chirst being on his shoulder?
@@SophiaAphrodite oh well that would make since it’s set in Britain
What does it mean christ was on his shoulder? I'm an atheist
@@scotsman544 Americans really can't speak a single sentence without mentioning ''America''.
horrible movie.. It didn't explain how he approached engima, didn't explain what his machine does, or how his machine solved it. It did take a giant break in the middle to explore is homo-sexuality.
Girls point and laugh at you, don't they tiny.....
CRAPPY MOVIE
No it isn't , its brilliant .. W.M.
You gotta be joking , this movie is brilliant , absolutely brilliant .. W.M.
maybe but the story in this movie is what allows u to write that comment here !!
ah,,so you don't want real heroes you want to see gun toting hollywood cop heroes and a bit of drama ,,well why watch this sureley you can get on netflix with some popcorn and fantasise your screen heroes ..then leave us to watch REAL heroes.
@@wesmartin9392 Are you British? They always say, "Brilliant." I thought the movie was brilliant. In football, what we Yanks call "soccer," the announcers use the expression, "a little bit" as in "That was a little bit of a light touch."