I'm glad there's a community that appreciates languages and their historical family links and shares videos like this. I feel like this is such an under-rated science
In German there is the word "Hengst" for a male horse, which is related to the root of the Scandinavian words and there is the word "Ross" , a more noble/poetic word for horse that comes from the same root as horse.
fun fact: the word "bear" itself is a noa-name, as Indo-European groups from the north (typically the ancestors of the future Germanic tribes) would have to deal the most with bears and didn't want to summon such dangerous animal by using its real name, which has been kept in Romance languages for example (latin "ursus" Italian "orso").
not even Indo-European but Hungarian also lost the word for bear, we borrowed "medve" (meaning honey-eater) from a Slavic lang. Same thing happened to wolves and deers, their names mean "the tailed one" and "the horned one" (in Hungarian "farkas" and "szarvas" respectively).
Yeah, a swedish saying about trolls: "Don't speak about the trolls, or they be at and inside of of your doorstep" - If you speak about something or some one, you summon them. Like, the law of attraction or something.
7:56 honestly I think it is pretty uncommon in German to use the word "Haifisch" usually it's just "Hai". It might be the proper scientific way but the word in practice is Hai. Amazing videos!
@@tangente00 as far as I know, this redundancy is not a sign of infancy, but there are other linguistic principals active. A few examples: people in German also use longer forms with other words like Bauchnabel instead of just Nabel, Eidotter instead of just Dotter. There are many very common examples. The reason in a nutshell: When people talk to each other there are always small and big disturbances like noises, inefficient brains, just little things like your ears closing for a millisecond while yawning and stuff like that. If you make your words slightly redundant, one or the other part of the word has a higher chance to be heard and registered. That's not my theory. I read it in a book by a linguist. I just can't remember his name.
@Talpa 1987 No it has something to do with the many german languages which existed in Germany before everyone started using standard german. Until 200 years ago Germans still spoke mainly their local versions of German and only educated people used the universal German. Standard German had a really hard way to become spoken by everyone because its more archaic than the local languages and therefore complicated. Thats why German words are often so descriptive, people just wanted to prevent misunderstandings.
@@lahelia9691 I don't know your qualifications and your sources, but I know the qualifications of the linguist who gave the explanation I gave and so I will just believe what he said. That of course doesn't mean that his reason is the only reason. The thing you mentioned might as well be an additional reason.
English "palfrey" is of Norman French origin, but that word in turn came from a Frankish word related to Dutch "paard" and German "Pferd". All of these came from Latin "paraveredus", which is actually made up of a Greek prefix "para-" (side, extra), and a Gaulish word "weredos" 'horse' (it is related to the Welsh word "gorwydd", also 'horse'). So a hybrid Greek-Celtic word, used by Latin speakers, made its way into Germanic and Romance languages in northwestern Europe.
French is not germanic language because its romanic language and his brothers are italian , spanish, portugel and romanian and of course romansch in swisserland . I think author never studied this language and than doesn't know differens between that's languages .
@@erynn9968 English is a perfect example of the people who live in Britain… it’s a European language pretending it isn’t. Brexit made it obvious that the Brits don’t consider themselves European, and honestly, it’s gross.
@@L333gok how does it pretend it isn’t, could you please explain me as a linguist to a linguist? And what do you mean by European language if not geography, may I ask?
@@erynn9968 it doesn’t matter it was just a comparison. The problem is that brits think they are better than us and that’s why they left the eu. They need to reconsider leaving the eu
@@L333gok 1st, more than a half Brits didn't want it (most didn't go vote cause they were young ppl). Second - your example doesn't make sense because it assumes Brits chose unique words INTENTIONALLY - which was never true, and no language in the world works like this on a big scale. Words' etymology is well studied for English, and I don't remember a single word that was intentionally invented instead of an existing one just for the sake of difference.
Other German words for horse and squirrel would be Ross (cognate to horse) and Eichkätzchen (oak kitten). These are typically used in Austrian Standard German.
In Austria we also use Fack/Fock for pig, which comes from the Proto-Germanic term farhaz and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European pórḱos. Both terms have an English equivalent as well (pórḱos -> pork; farhaz -> farrow).
@@Delgen1951 Well, yes. The Proto-Indo-European word pórḱos evolved into the Latin word porcus, which became porc in Old French and, via Anglo-Norman, eventually became pork in English.
You could take some other English and German words and just throw -fish on the end. Walfisch, tuna fish. Probably just that pattern of (phono-semantic part) + (extra semantic clarification part) . Stahl would seem to have been an acceptable but ambiguous forerunner of Diebstahl. German has Ren but since the English only remembered one kind of Tier, their language ends up with the completely unnecessary reindeer. Tell me you love antlers without saying “I love antlers”-national motto of England, probably.
The other interpretation, I guess, is to see it as which animal has the lowest “fired arrow to edible mass” ratio in a land where an incredibly high percentage of trees are coppiced or pollarded for very specific purposes. (I mean to say that the place was lousy with bows and arrows. Fletcher, Archer, Turner, and Yeo are all surnames. Likewise botch is a very common word, given its origin in niche technical jargon.)
I believe I have read somewhere that the "Eich-" or "eek" part of the words for squirrel don't derive from the word oak, but from a root meaning "quick" or "agile".
Interesting, the german Word for oak is Eiche. So as a native german speaker eich relates too oak for me too. The seed/nut of an oak is called Eichel. My guess is Eich is related to Eichel as squirrels like to eat those. So id be sincerely interested where you have read that information out curiosity. I mean could be true what you said im no expert in old germanic languages, quite interesting to me.
The old English word for squirrel was more similar to the others. Im not 100%sure on the spelling as i don't have it in front of me but iirc it was something like aakhorn
In old English it is not actually squirrel, but 'ācweorna'. I know this because of someone else of TH-cam and although the writing isn't similar, the sound is. It should sound somewhat like eckhorn(a?). And this one also refers to the type of tree: ac or eck sound is from oak. In Dutch this would be eekhoorn, with eek regering to eik. Eik = oak. I love this connection, you get to see how words trafelled.
In German there is also "Kater" for the word for "Cat" but it's a masculine noun and it's used for cats whom gender is specified, you can still use Katze
My grandma, from Dalarna in Sweden, always called spiders "kuppjerk". Always wondered about the origin and etymology of that word.. now I've got the "kupp"-part answered for. Thanks!
That's actually really interesting you got me to look up some more stuff about dalmål (the dialect some people in Dalarna speak) and it seems to have retained quite a few old Norse words. From what I can find it seems like this could be a consequence of the area being under Norwegian control for a long time during the middle ages. So my guess is that the natives of the area tried to keep their medieval Norwegian language alive which was relatively easy since a lot of them were pretty isolated from the rest of Sweden and from Norway. Their language seems to have eventually morphed into just a Swedish dialect but with some old medieval Norwegian/Norse words still being present in some form.
@@samuelwhite1228 Yes, there's definitely allot of Norwegian words in dalmål: "fejs/fjös" which I think is barn or something similar is the same in my grandma's dalmål. Also a funny thing about dalmål is that it's such a heterogeneous dialect.. you could travel just one kilometer and alot of common words would be totally different.
@@cactusowo1835 That's Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic languages, mostly spoken in western Scotland. Scots is a Germanic language spoken predominantly in eastern Scotland, some consider it to be a dialect of English (not the same as Scottish English, which is a dialect of "true" English).
@@wtc5198 Thanks for the information! I don't have that much clue about scottish, besides that they have their gaelinc language, gaelic is in my list of languajes that I will learn and when that time comes, I'll find more things about celtic languages
@@cactusowo1835 Celtic languages are awesome, there's six of them that are still alive: Brythonic: -Welsh -Cornish -Breton Goidelic: -Irish -Manx -Scottish Gaelic
Funny, that many words may be also in Russian: bear - búryj, lion - l'ev, wolf - volk, cat - kot, owl - sová, horse - kon'/lóshad', bat - calque, literary "flying mouse", cow - koróva, eagle - or'ól, shark - akúla (close to icelandic).
The were many dialects in France back in the days. So saying that "eagle" comes from old French "aigle" is not accurate since there were two or more spellings of that word "eagle" and "aigle" (both are old French forms). Most of the time modern French retained the "ai" form over the "ea", but we have some words that kept the "ea" form as the word "eau" that comes from "aqua". "Aqua" also gave the word "aix" in French that wasn't retained for mordern standard French. Another example is "manteau" from "mantel" that could have been "mantail".
@ Hugo Bourgon. Interesting! But apart from the french word eau coming from latin agua, it occurs to me that it may also be connected to scandinavian aa/å , which sounds exactly like french eau. Did not the burgundian tribe come from sweden?!
@@simontenkate9601 No, but they are related via much more distant relations in Indo-European languages. Old English had the word Ea as well for River. They all come from the same root as Latin Aqua but k sounds in Germanic languages become Hs so Ahwa as it is in Gothic, then Ea in Old English and Á in Old Norse which became Å in Scandinavian languages. Some modern English dialects retain the word ea (pronounced as ee) just as some German dialects still have Ach for river.
An older Swedish word for bat is läderlapp (leather flap), cognate with the Icelandic word. Batman was called Läderlappen (the bat) until 1990. I remember being confused in 1989, seeing two Batman comics in the supermarket: Läderlappen och Robin ("child-friendly" Batman comics from 50s-70s) and Batman (then current "dark and gritty" Batman comics and some other DC stuff).
So interesting to see, that even some words aren't related, there might be still some similar words used as synonyms. For example horse in German - Pferd - Ross (old fashioned) - close to Horse - Hengst (=Stallion) - close to Hangistaz There are a few other words, maybe someone can relate to these? Stute (female Horse) Fohlen (foal) Wallach (gelding)
I like to think of english as the french of germanic languages, similar but very different sounding with lots of outside influences from other language groups.
@@wtc5198 The similarities with Arabic aren't coincidences. They are a result of the Islamic conquest of Iberia where Arabic was spoken alongside early Castillian Spanish and other early Spanish languages
@@wtc5198 Yes you're right. As a general rule, most Spanish words beginning with al have some Arabic origin. Take 'alfombra' for example, meaning rug or carpet. Over time the definite article 'al' from Arabic became inseperable from the noun leaving modern Castillian with 'la alfombra'.
That is why my last name, which is Lower, comes from the German Löwe, which was the last name of my great-grandparents when they immigrated to Argentina in the 20th century, but at that time the state changed it to the way it is now.
I'm also Argentine and one of the surnames of my (Swiss-)German family is Wiederkehr that means 'return', so now I want to return to Europe lol. I also have Italian family and they got literally all their surnames changed so I get you.
There is also a hypothesis that the north Germanic names for fox , refur, rav, ræv are a loanword from a Finno ugric language, perhaps the Saami language
1:50 'vargur' is a synonym of 'úlfur' in Icelandic. And 3:52 'hross' and 'hors' (the latter being archaic) are synonyms of 'hestur' and are cognates to the English word 'horse'. 3:26 in the nominative case it is 'íkorni' but in all the other cases it is 'íkorna'.
@@kilsestoffel3690 I would overall not say it is outdated but rather that it depends on the region. And in Dutch the words 'ros' and 'hors' are synonyms to 'paard'.
As Italian sometimes I don't understand spanish: Dog, Latin = canis Dog, Italian = cane Dog, Spanish = perro Fox, Latin = vulpis Fox, Italian = volpe Fox, Spanish = zorro. Lamb, Latin = Agnus Lamb, Italian = Agnello Lamb, spanish = Cordero What the hell?
Mmm in Castilian (Spanish as you call it) we can also say "can" for dog, but it's something you'd hear in a Mexican movie, I'm from Argentina and it sounds horrible for me, "perro" is much better.
The answer is that "perro" and "zorro" are most likely substrate words from the ancient Iberian language that was spoken in eastern Spain before the Roman conquest. Alternatively, they might be of Basque origin, and there are some proposed French and Germanic origins for "zorro"
Nice to see that the not mentiond secondary words of one language can be related to the primary word in an other. Like the german Hengst and Ross for horse, but also "Ferkel" (young pig) with dutch verchen, also it has an english cognate "farrow".
Where are the Frisian equivalents? Frisian is a Germanic language too. I guess it wasn't included because it's spoken by too few people and in an area no longer known as a separate country.
Kaninchen isn’t the only word for rabbit in german, in fact the other word ”Hase” is used far more frequently. Kaninchen also doesn’t mean “Rabbit” in particular, it rather refers to a domesticated Rabbit while “Hase” is normally used for a Wild hare (though many people would also call a domesticated Rabbit “Hase”
I've read a more likely origin for the Scandinavian term "rev" for fox. Fox fur was at the dawn of historical times one of the main export goods from the area, and many of the foxes had been caught by Lapps (Saami). In Saami the term for fox is "revva"...
That's a good one, and is found in Shakespeare. Apparently it fell out of use since then because it was too similar to "cunny" which meant female genitals :/
Came to say this, good to see it was already said! I would add it is only a dialect word in modern Britain but in Middle English and earlier it was more of a mainstream word.
the swedish word ‘spindel’ is close to what we call the spider’s web: ‘spindelvev’ in norwegian even though we indeed call the spider itself for ‘edderkopp’ language is a cool subject :)
Coool! Very interesting! Most interesting parts IMHO were the old English word flittermouse and shark coming from schurk. We in German also have "Schurke" with the same meaning as in Dutch (villain).
Small correction, "erne/earn" are not from Greek "ὄρνις", rather, both the English and Greek words are independent cognates of Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō ~ *h₃r̥nés, "large bird, eagle"
@@georgeadams1853 Ah ok, I checked and I can see where the confusion is, it's not very clearly written. I found: "Middle English, from Old English earn; akin to Old High German arn eagle, Greek ornis bird" "Akin to" basically means "cognate with" in etymologies, but the order it's written in here makes it sound like the English word comes from the German word, which in turn comes from the Greek word. In reality they're all just cognates of each other.
@The Language Wolf, apologies if it's already been mentioned but... with regard to rabbits, you didn't make mention of a common English word used for them: coney (or the similar Welsh cwningen).
Let's look at this word => *Frog* English => Frog German => Frosche Dutch => Kikker (Don't know its origin) West Frisian => Kikkert Afrikaans => Padda (Malay origin => Padi, but interestingly it means rice in Malay) Swedish => Groda (Sounds like kröte(toad) in German) Danish => Frø Norwegian => Frosk Faroese => Froskur Icelandic => Froskur
Interesting. 🐎 horse , in North introduced to Island, England , Ireland, by Vikings. When traveling brought horses with them in their boats, later Spain.. 🇩🇰🌅🇺🇸💙🙏
At the beginning was the word. The Language is our entrance to our understanding of the world. Or how Heidegger said: The Language is the house of being.
As a native English speaker its no surprise that there is similarities between them all as,apart from noticing similar words between all these langauges in TV programmes and movies ,iv been to Germany and Holland and the majority speak very good English and iv read that the majority of the Scandinavians speak excellent English too,that makes me feel guilty. In my defense im Scottish so I do speak some Scots(yes its a real language) and a few words in Spanish as thats where iv been on holiday the majority of times.
Was the TV show about Nordic animals or something that’s like the only similar words? The main reason people in these countries (apart from Germans) know English well is because it’s taught in school from an early age and because no one dubs tv shows to our languages. So we won’t understand any movies or tv shows unless we learn English.
@@futurew0782 I dont remember specific shows.But the last TV/Movies I remember with words that sounded like English was "The Rain" on Netflix,a Danish show. About the dubs I appreciate that!,any foreign show I watch i always watch it in the native language with English subtitles so I can get try to get the full vibe and of course try to pick up some of the native words.I never watch a foreign language tv or movie show dubbed in English if there is the option to hear it in the original language with English subtitles.
@@muzzo23 Is the Rain worth watching? I definitely agree that watching series in the original language is better if it’s set in a non Englisch speaking country. Swedish and danish loaned lots of words from English during the last 200 years so that might affect the understanding and forn Nordic words are also similar. There are also quite a few French words in Swedish (I’ve read it’s about 30% of words).
@@futurew0782 yea i liked it,science fiction show,really interesting,if you like sci fi you'l like this.Its fascinating the way langauges are formed,when you think about how similar Spanish and Italian are for example because they evolved from Latin.
I didnt believe at first Scots was a different language from English. I do now because it has alot of Old norse or norwegian influence that English itself lost over the years. Sort of like what English may be if it didnt get alot of romance languages in it.
Dog, bat and Eagle just some of the old English words that are different from the germanic languages. If you look at them you can link Dutch, German and the Scandinavian countries in their spelling for the animals. Dog for instance, Hund in most of the northern European countries with slight variations but you can link it.
well in German at least, Dogge is a cognate of english dog, although Dogge is only a certain kind of dog in German (only used for really big dogs). Scooby Doo, for example, is a Deutsche Dogge.
8:13 In Dutch we have the word "Etterkop", which means bully, bad person, troublemaker, and especially someone who gets the blood from under your nails. So, this is very similar to the word Attercop in some English dialects.
“Wolf” across Germanic languages always makes me laugh because they literally just make the noise wolves make when they bark. Like they saw and heard wolves barking and they looked at each other and barked at each other. We too this day are still barking
As a person who studied Greek for many years, I was very surprised by the origin of 'squirrel'. And in some regions of the Netherlands a bad or annoying person is sometimes called 'etterkop' as well. Great video!
Late to the party but I've heard "adderkop" used in Dutch as well. Most notably maybe in the Dutch translation of Cornelia Funke's Inkheart (Tintenherz)
I've done similar videos on my other channel, however, I usually like to compare the words sharing the same base, in order to reflect the phonetic mutations.
It was mentioned that Germanic "Bear" is maybe from proto-Indo-European "Ghwer" (wild animal). It is interesting that in Slavic languages "Zwer" is also "wild animal"...One more intersting fact is that in east Russian language "berloha" (also "barlig" in Ukrainian) means "bear den"....
Nice to see some of these comparisons,but the are languages which should also be on there namely the Gaelic tongues, Scottish, Irish and Welsh they might even bridge a gap or two.
I think you include much too many proto Indo European roots.. it's obviously very different from the proto Germanic roots in most cases. Very different languages and you seem to assume it's always the Latins that influenced the Germans.. I have more the impression it's the other way around. Look into old Frisian more also to understand the pre Roman Chatolic imperial world better.
Finnish is part of a family called (unsurprisingly) Finnic, and includes not only Finnish, but Estonian, Karelian, Ingrian, Livonian, Votic, Ludic, and Veps, all of which are spoken in either Finland, Estonia, or the parts of Russia near the Gulf of Finland. Finnic, though, is part of a larger language family called Uralic, named for the Ural mountains in Russia, where it is believed this family originated. Besides Finnic, the Uralic family includes Samic (the Sami languages of Scandinavia), Mordvinic (the Erzya and Moksha languages of Russia), Permic (the Komi and Udmurt languages of Russia), Mari, Khanty, Mansi (all spoken in Russia too), and Hungarian, spoken in central Europe. There is also a Samoyedic branch spoken in Siberia.
The Finnic group is very distantly related to the Ugric group, the largest member of which is Hungarian. If they were descended from a common proto-language then the split must have happened several millennia ago. You can just about see some kinship in some of the numbers and some basic vocabulary Egy - Yksi Kettő - Kaksi Három - Kolme Négy - Neljä Öt - Viisi Hat - Kuusi Hét - Seitsemän Nyolc - Kahdeksan Kilenc - Yhdeksän Tíz - Kymmenen Both languages have been influenced by neighbours over the past thousand years so have drifted further apart.
This was great. Interesting:) I noticed a lot of English loan words for animals that they'd never encounter on their isle, or rarely. Edit: I say loan, I mean non-Scandinavian, or non-Germanic Maybe "foreign influences" were less for those as they were never commented on daily? Then who knows what happened in the crazy middle ages, linguistically.
Around 60% english words are from latin origin, it is a latin language with a germanic grammar. In german language around words 90% or more are from germanic roots. Dutch is not too "pure" like german but near to 90% vocabulary is too from germanic origin.
@@DefenderOfChrist_ Around 26% english vocabulary has germanic roots including anglo-saxon, old norse, danish, etc. Around 60% is from latin or norman-french. The rest are from greek and other languages.
@@simontenkate9601 Wrong!! German is nearly the same as old high German, whereas Dutch lost almost all of the grammar and strongly simplified. It also has much higher influence from French and English than German. Also Dutch is the successor to Old Dutch and not OHG.
Good vid and music. I feel bad for those who think English is a Latin language. That's demonstrably false. I have a book about how English would be if the Normans lost in 1066. Its very interesting. There is a song I like called "As flittermice as Satan's spys" by the Norwegian band Darkthrone,whose lyrics were written(in English) by a man who called himself Varg. I'm all for replacing bat with flittermouse,ha ha.
@@fetigepomes4551 if u know what transformers is there is a autobot named Hound, they call him Hound because he transformers into a military vehicle and he's also trigger happy and has the ability to create holograms
Im Danish and always found Edderkop to be are really weird word. But kop/cup meaning round makes sense and edder/adder meaning poisen it is actually not that stupid. Round poison thing.
I'm glad there's a community that appreciates languages and their historical family links and shares videos like this. I feel like this is such an under-rated science
i agree
In German there is the word "Hengst" for a male horse, which is related to the root of the Scandinavian words and there is the word "Ross" , a more noble/poetic word for horse that comes from the same root as horse.
The same as the Scandinavian word hingst which also means stallion.
The word "Hengest" also exists in old English, and means the same thing.
It's the same in Dutch. Female horse is a merrie, like English mare. Nightmare is nachtmerrie.
And we also have the old word ros.
It’s also called “ross” in Faroese. It’s used maybe 50/50 together with the word “hestur”. :)
fun fact: the word "bear" itself is a noa-name, as Indo-European groups from the north (typically the ancestors of the future Germanic tribes) would have to deal the most with bears and didn't want to summon such dangerous animal by using its real name, which has been kept in Romance languages for example (latin "ursus" Italian "orso").
Interesting! I wonder what the original word for bear in Germanic languages was. “Urs” in Romanian.
I didn't know that! Fun! In Portuguese it's Urso
not even Indo-European but Hungarian also lost the word for bear, we borrowed "medve" (meaning honey-eater) from a Slavic lang.
Same thing happened to wolves and deers, their names mean "the tailed one" and "the horned one" (in Hungarian "farkas" and "szarvas" respectively).
Same thing with Slavic languages. The new name literally means honey eater
Yeah, a swedish saying about trolls:
"Don't speak about the trolls, or they be at and inside of of your doorstep"
- If you speak about something or some one, you summon them. Like, the law of attraction or something.
7:56 honestly I think it is pretty uncommon in German to use the word "Haifisch" usually it's just "Hai". It might be the proper scientific way but the word in practice is Hai. Amazing videos!
@@tangente00 as far as I know, this redundancy is not a sign of infancy, but there are other linguistic principals active. A few examples: people in German also use longer forms with other words like Bauchnabel instead of just Nabel, Eidotter instead of just Dotter. There are many very common examples.
The reason in a nutshell:
When people talk to each other there are always small and big disturbances like noises, inefficient brains, just little things like your ears closing for a millisecond while yawning and stuff like that. If you make your words slightly redundant, one or the other part of the word has a higher chance to be heard and registered.
That's not my theory. I read it in a book by a linguist. I just can't remember his name.
@Talpa 1987 No it has something to do with the many german languages which existed in Germany before everyone started using standard german. Until 200 years ago Germans still spoke mainly their local versions of German and only educated people used the universal German. Standard German had a really hard way to become spoken by everyone because its more archaic than the local languages and therefore complicated. Thats why German words are often so descriptive, people just wanted to prevent misunderstandings.
@@lahelia9691 I don't know your qualifications and your sources, but I know the qualifications of the linguist who gave the explanation I gave and so I will just believe what he said.
That of course doesn't mean that his reason is the only reason. The thing you mentioned might as well be an additional reason.
@@Speireata4 sure but tbh it doesn't sound plausible to me, it makes no sense.
There is probably another reason for that.
@Moe5Tavern So damn right! Vollkommen richtig. I thought the same. Normally no one says "Haifisch", just "Hai".
English "palfrey" is of Norman French origin, but that word in turn came from a Frankish word related to Dutch "paard" and German "Pferd". All of these came from Latin "paraveredus", which is actually made up of a Greek prefix "para-" (side, extra), and a Gaulish word "weredos" 'horse' (it is related to the Welsh word "gorwydd", also 'horse'). So a hybrid Greek-Celtic word, used by Latin speakers, made its way into Germanic and Romance languages in northwestern Europe.
Amazing, thank you 👍
@@jeanlucmascoli2903 My pleasure!
@@aaronmarks9366 : I also read this description you made long time ago.
So germanics language are fake?
?
Pls more episodes like this with Roman languages as well. I absolutely need them❤️ I love the work you're doing
I am already working on the next one :)
@@TheLanguageWolf I truly hope it will come out as soon as possible
Scottish isn´t Germanic
@@diesesphil But Scots is.
@@TheLanguageWolf Can you do Slavic languages ?
In german it is more common to say just "Hai" instead of "Haifisch" (Hai+fish).
Love how all Germanic Languages share the same word for hound then there's English that randomly made another word "dog" lol..
Dog... Old French "Dogue" (example Bouledogue = Bulldog) ?
German has "Dogge" which is specific type of dog. Apparently called "Great Dane" in English.
In Swedish dog means died 🤷
@@felixschneidenbach2422 oder grosse dane
French is not germanic language because its romanic language and his brothers are italian , spanish, portugel and romanian and of course romansch in swisserland . I think author never studied this language and than doesn't know differens between that's languages .
Other Germanic languages: why can’t you just be normal?
English: *screams*
English is not much different if you follow the other abnormalities, not only your beloved English.
@@erynn9968 English is a perfect example of the people who live in Britain… it’s a European language pretending it isn’t. Brexit made it obvious that the Brits don’t consider themselves European, and honestly, it’s gross.
@@L333gok how does it pretend it isn’t, could you please explain me as a linguist to a linguist? And what do you mean by European language if not geography, may I ask?
@@erynn9968 it doesn’t matter it was just a comparison. The problem is that brits think they are better than us and that’s why they left the eu. They need to reconsider leaving the eu
@@L333gok 1st, more than a half Brits didn't want it (most didn't go vote cause they were young ppl). Second - your example doesn't make sense because it assumes Brits chose unique words INTENTIONALLY - which was never true, and no language in the world works like this on a big scale. Words' etymology is well studied for English, and I don't remember a single word that was intentionally invented instead of an existing one just for the sake of difference.
Other German words for horse and squirrel would be Ross (cognate to horse) and Eichkätzchen (oak kitten). These are typically used in Austrian Standard German.
In Austria we also use Fack/Fock for pig, which comes from the Proto-Germanic term farhaz and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European pórḱos. Both terms have an English equivalent as well (pórḱos -> pork; farhaz -> farrow).
Ros is also used in Dutch. And Hengst for a male horse and Merrie for a female horse.
@@TheBluverde I thought that Pork came from Norman French, while pig and boar and swine were English.
@@Delgen1951
Well, yes. The Proto-Indo-European word pórḱos evolved into the Latin word porcus, which became porc in Old French and, via Anglo-Norman, eventually became pork in English.
@@TheBluverde : In Württemberg there had been formerly in every village a ,Farrenstall' , but a Farra is in our dialect a breeding bull.
Nice video. One remark: the normal Dutch word for eagle is 'arend'. 'Adelaar' is used for such a bird as depicted on coats of arms.
Thanks for the remark, I did not notice that unfortunately
Well, that's maybe so in the Netherlands, but in Belgium arend and adelaar are synonymes, with the latter and older form.
I think both Adelaar and Arend are correct in Dutch, although Arend is more common. Arend seems cognate with Örn.
@@tammo100 @Sven Bras The original comment was right.
Also, Arend is way more closely related to the variations of Orn, basically being the same with a D on the end
It is true that you can say Haifisch in German, but most people just say Hai.
You could take some other English and German words and just throw -fish on the end. Walfisch, tuna fish. Probably just that pattern of (phono-semantic part) + (extra semantic clarification part) . Stahl would seem to have been an acceptable but ambiguous forerunner of Diebstahl. German has Ren but since the English only remembered one kind of Tier, their language ends up with the completely unnecessary reindeer.
Tell me you love antlers without saying “I love antlers”-national motto of England, probably.
The other interpretation, I guess, is to see it as which animal has the lowest “fired arrow to edible mass” ratio in a land where an incredibly high percentage of trees are coppiced or pollarded for very specific purposes.
(I mean to say that the place was lousy with bows and arrows. Fletcher, Archer, Turner, and Yeo are all surnames. Likewise botch is a very common word, given its origin in niche technical jargon.)
@@polyhistorphilomath : In german it is also Rentier ( but french spoken it means a totally different thing!)
I believe I have read somewhere that the "Eich-" or "eek" part of the words for squirrel don't derive from the word oak, but from a root meaning "quick" or "agile".
Interesting, the german Word for oak is Eiche. So as a native german speaker eich relates too oak for me too. The seed/nut of an oak is called Eichel. My guess is Eich is related to Eichel as squirrels like to eat those. So id be sincerely interested where you have read that information out curiosity. I mean could be true what you said im no expert in old germanic languages, quite interesting to me.
The old English word for squirrel was more similar to the others. Im not 100%sure on the spelling as i don't have it in front of me but iirc it was something like aakhorn
@@toddwebb7521 Is that where the word "acorn" comes from? It's pronounced the same as Dutch "eekhoorn".
In old English it is not actually squirrel, but 'ācweorna'. I know this because of someone else of TH-cam and although the writing isn't similar, the sound is. It should sound somewhat like eckhorn(a?). And this one also refers to the type of tree: ac or eck sound is from oak. In Dutch this would be eekhoorn, with eek regering to eik. Eik = oak. I love this connection, you get to see how words trafelled.
In German there is also "Kater" for the word for "Cat" but it's a masculine noun and it's used for cats whom gender is specified, you can still use Katze
It's also the Dutch word for a male cat.
@@Elaud Interesting
@@Elaud Also the Dutch word for a hangover, lol.
@@gertvanderstraaten6352 in German too
@@ladypurple3851 origin of Kater as hangover in german was Katarrh (catarrh in english). Students and their excuses.
My grandma, from Dalarna in Sweden, always called spiders "kuppjerk". Always wondered about the origin and etymology of that word.. now I've got the "kupp"-part answered for. Thanks!
That's actually really interesting you got me to look up some more stuff about dalmål (the dialect some people in Dalarna speak) and it seems to have retained quite a few old Norse words. From what I can find it seems like this could be a consequence of the area being under Norwegian control for a long time during the middle ages. So my guess is that the natives of the area tried to keep their medieval Norwegian language alive which was relatively easy since a lot of them were pretty isolated from the rest of Sweden and from Norway. Their language seems to have eventually morphed into just a Swedish dialect but with some old medieval Norwegian/Norse words still being present in some form.
@@samuelwhite1228 Yes, there's definitely allot of Norwegian words in dalmål: "fejs/fjös" which I think is barn or something similar is the same in my grandma's dalmål. Also a funny thing about dalmål is that it's such a heterogeneous dialect.. you could travel just one kilometer and alot of common words would be totally different.
My grandparents in western Norway say "vevkjerring"
Very interesting. Here are the Faroese words:
Bear = bjørn
Lion = ljón/leyva/løva
Dog = hundur
Cat = ketta (køttur also exists)
Wolf = úlvur
Fox = revur
Rabbit = kanin
Squirrrel = íkorni
Owl = ugla/úla
Bat = flogmús (flight + mouse)
Horse = hestur (ross also exists, and hors is a poetic term)
Cow = kúgv
Spider = eiturkoppur
Eagle = ørn
Shark = hávur
Swedish:
Bear = Björn
Lion = Lejon
Dog = Hund
Cat = Katt
Wolf = Varg
Fox = Räv
Rabbit = Kanin
Squirrel = Ekorre
Owl = Uggla
Bat = Fladdermus
Horse = Häst
Cow = Ko/ Kviga
Spider = Spindel
Eagle = Örn
Shark = Haj
How different is your language from any of the other Scandinavian languages? Is it its own language or more of a dialect?
@@geerenmo It's definitely its own language with its own dialects. Speakers of other Nordic languages do not understand us without prior exposure.
Danish:
Bear = Bjørn
Lion = Løve
Dog = Hund
Cat = Kat
Wolf = Ulv
Fox = Ræv
Rabbit = Kanin
Squirrel = Egern
Owl = Ugle
Bat = Flagermus
Horse = Hest
Cow = Ko
Spider = edderkop
Eagle = ørn
Shark = Haj
@@weepingscorpion8739 Thank you for the knowledge.
The word Coney can still be used in English as the Germanic root for rabbit. Very rare to hear it these days, but it's still there
Coniglio in italian
You should've included non-national languages since they're languages too: Low German, Frisian, and, depending on your views, Scots!
Frisian would have been the cherry on top, too bad it's not present in the video
Wasn't scotts gaelic?
@@cactusowo1835 That's Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic languages, mostly spoken in western Scotland. Scots is a Germanic language spoken predominantly in eastern Scotland, some consider it to be a dialect of English (not the same as Scottish English, which is a dialect of "true" English).
@@wtc5198 Thanks for the information! I don't have that much clue about scottish, besides that they have their gaelinc language, gaelic is in my list of languajes that I will learn and when that time comes, I'll find more things about celtic languages
@@cactusowo1835 Celtic languages are awesome, there's six of them that are still alive:
Brythonic:
-Welsh
-Cornish
-Breton
Goidelic:
-Irish
-Manx
-Scottish Gaelic
Funny, that many words may be also in Russian: bear - búryj, lion - l'ev, wolf - volk, cat - kot, owl - sová, horse - kon'/lóshad', bat - calque, literary "flying mouse", cow - koróva, eagle - or'ól, shark - akúla (close to icelandic).
The were many dialects in France back in the days. So saying that "eagle" comes from old French "aigle" is not accurate since there were two or more spellings of that word "eagle" and "aigle" (both are old French forms). Most of the time modern French retained the "ai" form over the "ea", but we have some words that kept the "ea" form as the word "eau" that comes from "aqua". "Aqua" also gave the word "aix" in French that wasn't retained for mordern standard French. Another example is "manteau" from "mantel" that could have been "mantail".
@ Hugo Bourgon. Interesting! But apart from the french word eau coming from latin agua, it occurs to me that it may also be connected to scandinavian aa/å , which sounds exactly like french eau.
Did not the burgundian tribe come from sweden?!
There also lion who is wrote same( but not the prononciations)
@@simontenkate9601 No, but they are related via much more distant relations in Indo-European languages. Old English had the word Ea as well for River. They all come from the same root as Latin Aqua but k sounds in Germanic languages become Hs so Ahwa as it is in Gothic, then Ea in Old English and Á in Old Norse which became Å in Scandinavian languages. Some modern English dialects retain the word ea (pronounced as ee) just as some German dialects still have Ach for river.
@@hoathanatos6179 quite interesting, thank you.
About ee for river: in frisian this als exists.
Also
An older Swedish word for bat is läderlapp (leather flap), cognate with the Icelandic word. Batman was called Läderlappen (the bat) until 1990. I remember being confused in 1989, seeing two Batman comics in the supermarket: Läderlappen och Robin ("child-friendly" Batman comics from 50s-70s) and Batman (then current "dark and gritty" Batman comics and some other DC stuff).
I just found your channel and omg it’s the greatest channel of all time for lovers of etymology
Thank you for your words!
So interesting to see, that even some words aren't related, there might be still some similar words used as synonyms.
For example horse in German
- Pferd
- Ross (old fashioned) - close to Horse
- Hengst (=Stallion) - close to Hangistaz
There are a few other words, maybe someone can relate to these?
Stute (female Horse)
Fohlen (foal)
Wallach (gelding)
In Dutch we use hengst for male horses and instead of fohlen, we use veulen. Veulen is a baby horse. I think the speach should be near identical.
Amazing breakdown! Looking forward to more.
Would have been fun to see Faroese as well in there. :)
I like to think of english as the french of germanic languages, similar but very different sounding with lots of outside influences from other language groups.
Has French been influenced that much? I know that Spanish has tons of similarities to Arabic for example, and also quite some to Dutch
@@NanoGalactic42 those are just coincidences. French has a Celtic substrate
@@wtc5198 The similarities with Arabic aren't coincidences. They are a result of the Islamic conquest of Iberia where Arabic was spoken alongside early Castillian Spanish and other early Spanish languages
@@oliverbrown9415 Yeah some could've been due to mutual influence
@@wtc5198 Yes you're right. As a general rule, most Spanish words beginning with al have some Arabic origin. Take 'alfombra' for example, meaning rug or carpet. Over time the definite article 'al' from Arabic became inseperable from the noun leaving modern Castillian with 'la alfombra'.
That is why my last name, which is Lower, comes from the German Löwe, which was the last name of my great-grandparents when they immigrated to Argentina in the 20th century, but at that time the state changed it to the way it is now.
Hmmmm.... German immigrants to Argentina in the 20th century you say?
@@wtr3059 of course, but obviously i mean prussia... especially my grandparents came in 1889
@@sadowlower 1889 is the 19th century man, 20th century is from between 1900-1999. Hence why I said hmmm
I'm also Argentine and one of the surnames of my (Swiss-)German family is Wiederkehr that means 'return', so now I want to return to Europe lol. I also have Italian family and they got literally all their surnames changed so I get you.
@@sadowlower Btw I was just making a joke, please don't take it personally
There is also a hypothesis that the north Germanic names for fox , refur, rav, ræv are a loanword from a Finno ugric language, perhaps the Saami language
I doubt it
your videos are entertaining and very well researched, you deserve more subscribers
1:50 'vargur' is a synonym of 'úlfur' in Icelandic. And 3:52 'hross' and 'hors' (the latter being archaic) are synonyms of 'hestur' and are cognates to the English word 'horse'. 3:26 in the nominative case it is 'íkorni' but in all the other cases it is 'íkorna'.
In German, the horse is also called "Ross", maybe a bit outdated. And a male horse is a "Hengst"
@@kilsestoffel3690 I would overall not say it is outdated but rather that it depends on the region. And in Dutch the words 'ros' and 'hors' are synonyms to 'paard'.
Vargur er samt notaður allt öðruvísi en úlfur
"Ulv" is the common word in Norwegian - but many still would say "Varg". An even older name was "gråbein" (greylegs).
Don't forget that female horse or a mare is called hryssa and meri in icelandic
Love this, learning so much. Thank you and greetings from The Netherlands
As Italian sometimes I don't understand spanish:
Dog, Latin = canis
Dog, Italian = cane
Dog, Spanish = perro
Fox, Latin = vulpis
Fox, Italian = volpe
Fox, Spanish = zorro.
Lamb, Latin = Agnus
Lamb, Italian = Agnello
Lamb, spanish = Cordero
What the hell?
volpe and zorro, I can't decide which one sounds better, just wonderful
Perro is NOT related to celtic, germanic, latin and much less slavic.
Mmm in Castilian (Spanish as you call it) we can also say "can" for dog, but it's something you'd hear in a Mexican movie, I'm from Argentina and it sounds horrible for me, "perro" is much better.
The answer is that "perro" and "zorro" are most likely substrate words from the ancient Iberian language that was spoken in eastern Spain before the Roman conquest. Alternatively, they might be of Basque origin, and there are some proposed French and Germanic origins for "zorro"
@@TheLanguageWolf Great name: Zorro Volpe. Sounds like an artist that makes wierd paintings in his own blood.
English: hello, I am Owl, who are you?
Danish: I am Ugle
im not sure if this is a weird request but next time you do a germanic languages vid you should include afrikaans keep it up you just earned a sub
Afrikaans is much more closely related to another language here than other languages they left out, Low German and Frisian
@@wtc5198 yes, but it’s much more spoken
@@mateoproductions2741 Low German is still much more spoken than Icelandic
We literally have the word "Adel" for "nobility" in German but it never came to my mind that "Adler" could have something to do with that.
"We have a job to do."
It's a game reference if you don't get it, I'm sorry.
I wish Friesland is a country. But you didn't put it there. The helmet was moving maybe.
Nice to find out the word Attercop in some English dialects. We have the word 'Etterkop' with the same meaning (Dutch)
3:33 Refer to Squirrel as Oakhorn, got it
5:03 Bat is now Fluttermouse.
Nice to see that the not mentiond secondary words of one language can be related to the primary word in an other.
Like the german Hengst and Ross for horse, but also "Ferkel" (young pig) with dutch verchen, also it has an english cognate "farrow".
Where are the Frisian equivalents? Frisian is a Germanic language too. I guess it wasn't included because it's spoken by too few people and in an area no longer known as a separate country.
Regarding the word for bear: Brown was used instead of its actual name (which died out), since people believed mentioning a bear would summon it.
Kaninchen isn’t the only word for rabbit in german, in fact the other word ”Hase” is used far more frequently.
Kaninchen also doesn’t mean “Rabbit” in particular, it rather refers to a domesticated Rabbit while “Hase” is normally used for a Wild hare (though many people would also call a domesticated Rabbit “Hase”
In swedish we use Kanin for domesticated and Hare for wild.
English-not one to go bald-also has Hare
The rabbits are in Germany called Kaninchen ( official word), Hase or Stallhase ( stable hare) are popular but scientific incorrect.
@TheWeeaboo in german Hase 🐇 und Kaninchen 🐰
hase is haas in dutch
What movie are you watching?
Me: I'm watching Flittermouse Man.
I've read a more likely origin for the Scandinavian term "rev" for fox. Fox fur was at the dawn of historical times one of the main export goods from the area, and many of the foxes had been caught by Lapps (Saami). In Saami the term for fox is "revva"...
In Kurdish we say Rovî
@@mroldnewbie and Kurdish is an Indo-European language, is it not?
@@jandamskier6510 it is
Some places in Norway we also use the word "kongro" for a spider.
Maybe you could include Frisian in this as well, since it's a Germanic language
"Coney" is a dialect word for rabbit in English, which matches the other Germanic languages.
That's a good one, and is found in Shakespeare. Apparently it fell out of use since then because it was too similar to "cunny" which meant female genitals :/
Came to say this, good to see it was already said! I would add it is only a dialect word in modern Britain but in Middle English and earlier it was more of a mainstream word.
I believe coney, was also the term used for rabbit fur, until animal furs went out of favour. With the o pronounced long to avoid offence!
In a version of Hamlet put on by rabbits the title character would be afforded at least one much richer pun.
...and I have heard it used by country people once or twice (in the south-east of England).
For shark in German, you'd normally say "Hai" instead of "Haifisch"
There is a reason the ducth are so good at english, their language is the cloests to english of all the germanics.
Frisian
In Spanish we say "Conejo", in Dutch they say "Konijn"
the swedish word ‘spindel’ is close to what we call the spider’s web: ‘spindelvev’ in norwegian even though we indeed call the spider itself for ‘edderkopp’
language is a cool subject :)
English is like that displaced child in the family that want to distance themselves
Or the geek at schoool who formed a tech company worth billions.
Coool! Very interesting! Most interesting parts IMHO were the old English word flittermouse and shark coming from schurk. We in German also have "Schurke" with the same meaning as in Dutch (villain).
The Dutch schurk seems to be a loanword from the German Schurke (from a Dutch etymology site).
Flittermouseman doesn't sound as cool.
@@skolex3121 Ok, that's true. :'D
Thank the algorithm for bringing this to my feed. Wholesome fun and educational rolled into one video
Everybody gangsta untill Icelandic Hörfrungur came
The icelandic word for squirrel is Íkorni. “Íkorna” is used in accusative, dative and genitive cases.
A Lot of these words come from French : lion, cat, eagle, squirrel, around 30%.
Lions have never lived in France.
@@waragque yep but lion is a French word …
In Latin it’s Leo, in Spanish it’s léon, leone in Italian.
Bear in almost most of the IE languages is derived from the word "ours" and in Persian we call it "Xers - Khers"
We Germans don't say haifisch. We say Hai..
English also has "erne", eagle or sea-eagle, from Old English "earn", ultimately from Greek "ὄρνις" (ornis), bird.
Small correction, "erne/earn" are not from Greek "ὄρνις", rather, both the English and Greek words are independent cognates of Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō ~ *h₃r̥nés, "large bird, eagle"
@@aaronmarks9366 You might want to pass your comment along to the editors of Merriam-Webster's dictionaries (my source).
@@georgeadams1853 Ah ok, I checked and I can see where the confusion is, it's not very clearly written. I found:
"Middle English, from Old English earn; akin to Old High German arn eagle, Greek ornis bird"
"Akin to" basically means "cognate with" in etymologies, but the order it's written in here makes it sound like the English word comes from the German word, which in turn comes from the Greek word. In reality they're all just cognates of each other.
@The Language Wolf, apologies if it's already been mentioned but... with regard to rabbits, you didn't make mention of a common English word used for them: coney (or the similar Welsh cwningen).
Let's look at this word => *Frog*
English => Frog
German => Frosche
Dutch => Kikker (Don't know its origin)
West Frisian => Kikkert
Afrikaans => Padda (Malay origin => Padi, but interestingly it means rice in Malay)
Swedish => Groda (Sounds like kröte(toad) in German)
Danish => Frø
Norwegian => Frosk
Faroese => Froskur
Icelandic => Froskur
isn't padda of Dutch origin? (Pad = Toad in Dutch)
Wij hebben ook kikvors .
Interesting. 🐎 horse , in North introduced to Island, England , Ireland, by Vikings. When traveling brought horses with them in their boats, later Spain.. 🇩🇰🌅🇺🇸💙🙏
5:35 The Icelandic word Hestur does not come from Middle Norwegain, it comes from Old Norse directly.
At the beginning was the word.
The Language is our entrance to our understanding of the world.
Or how Heidegger said:
The Language is the house of being.
In Colognian = German dialect, for example: Löv, Hungk/Hongk, Katz, Wulf, Kning, Eechhörnche, Ühl, Fleddermuus.
As a native English speaker its no surprise that there is similarities between them all as,apart from noticing similar words between all these langauges in TV programmes and movies ,iv been to Germany and Holland and the majority speak very good English and iv read that the majority of the Scandinavians speak excellent English too,that makes me feel guilty. In my defense im Scottish so I do speak some Scots(yes its a real language) and a few words in Spanish as thats where iv been on holiday the majority of times.
Was the TV show about Nordic animals or something that’s like the only similar words? The main reason people in these countries (apart from Germans) know English well is because it’s taught in school from an early age and because no one dubs tv shows to our languages. So we won’t understand any movies or tv shows unless we learn English.
@@futurew0782 I dont remember specific shows.But the last TV/Movies I remember with words that sounded like English was "The Rain" on Netflix,a Danish show. About the dubs I appreciate that!,any foreign show I watch i always watch it in the native language with English subtitles so I can get try to get the full vibe and of course try to pick up some of the native words.I never watch a foreign language tv or movie show dubbed in English if there is the option to hear it in the original language with English subtitles.
@@muzzo23 Is the Rain worth watching? I definitely agree that watching series in the original language is better if it’s set in a non Englisch speaking country. Swedish and danish loaned lots of words from English during the last 200 years so that might affect the understanding and forn Nordic words are also similar. There are also quite a few French words in Swedish (I’ve read it’s about 30% of words).
@@futurew0782 yea i liked it,science fiction show,really interesting,if you like sci fi you'l like this.Its fascinating the way langauges are formed,when you think about how similar Spanish and Italian are for example because they evolved from Latin.
I didnt believe at first Scots was a different language from English. I do now because it has alot of Old norse or norwegian influence that English itself lost over the years.
Sort of like what English may be if it didnt get alot of romance languages in it.
Dog, bat and Eagle just some of the old English words that are different from the germanic languages. If you look at them you can link Dutch, German and the Scandinavian countries in their spelling for the animals. Dog for instance, Hund in most of the northern European countries with slight variations but you can link it.
well in German at least, Dogge is a cognate of english dog, although Dogge is only a certain kind of dog in German (only used for really big dogs). Scooby Doo, for example, is a Deutsche Dogge.
Norwegian and Danish have "varg" too, and Icelandic also has "vargur".
Are those words similar to English warg?
@@muhammadakmal9693 Warg?
@@dan74695 yeah I read that in English textbook in my country here
Danish don’t have varg
Scandinavian: Kanin, Icelandic: Kanína, German: Kaninchen, English: Rabbit
Does anyone know what the name of all the music used in this video is??? It givens off the perfect medieval/fantasy vibe. It’s very good!!
In order, The First Law Of Motion (Johanes Bornlof) , The Goths (Bonnie Grace), Where the Thistle Grows (Bonnie Grace)
@@samarkand1585 thank you 🙏
@@stringb3042 a pleasure. Had to boot up Shazam on the phone and play the musics on my computer to find them
8:13 In Dutch we have the word "Etterkop", which means bully, bad person, troublemaker, and especially someone who gets the blood from under your nails. So, this is very similar to the word Attercop in some English dialects.
The dog-name "Conny" suddenly makes a whole lot of sense!
Will you make a similar video but with Slavic languages?
Only Eastern Slavic or Southern Slavic as well? 🤔
@@fabianfuchs1402 All branches. Western, eastern and southern.
“Wolf” across Germanic languages always makes me laugh because they literally just make the noise wolves make when they bark. Like they saw and heard wolves barking and they looked at each other and barked at each other. We too this day are still barking
In german it is right that you say "Haifisch" but actually everyone says "Hai"
Is there a German word for shark that's something like "Seehund" or "Hundfisch"? Thought I heard someone use those at some point
@@aaronmarks9366 Seehung is an entirely different animal. It's a seal
@@umchen1192 Ah ok, that makes sense. "Seadog" is an old word for seal in English too
@@umchen1192Seehund*
@@Optimist-Nolan1 korrekt. Ich hab erstmal 5 min gebraucht um wieder den gesamten Kommentarbereich zu abstrahieren
Interesting that Björn is a normal first name in Germany, but means bear in Scandinavia
Bjørn is a normal name in scandinavia aswell. Skål
I like how Norway and Denmark says love in their language for lion 😂🦁🇩🇰🇳🇴
It’s Løve
@@DefenderOfChrist_ ik
@TheWeeaboo oh ok
@TheWeeaboo no it is not, i am native norwegian
Ø is pronounced as "u" in the word "turn"
Thumbnail be like
Everyone else: Uggla ugla ugle boogla-
Britain: Owl.
Netherlands: Uil.
Germany: Eule.
As a person who studied Greek for many years, I was very surprised by the origin of 'squirrel'. And in some regions of the Netherlands a bad or annoying person is sometimes called 'etterkop' as well. Great video!
Late to the party but I've heard "adderkop" used in Dutch as well. Most notably maybe in the Dutch translation of Cornelia Funke's Inkheart (Tintenherz)
Eagle could also be "arend" in Dutch
Interesting thanks
In Albanian language
Bear - Ari'u
Leon - luan
Wolf - ulk ,ujk
Cat - mace
Fox - dhelpra
Streitkolben?
These are the kurdish words for animals that are close to germanic languages
Kitik ( cat )
Werg ( wolf )
Ruvî/rêvî ( fox )
Hesp / astor ( horse )
6:10 we also have another word for cow or more cow livestock in norwegian called kyr
Same in English with kine, Middle English ky, plural of cu (cow). Shame this video didn't include kine/kyr.
@@alexmckee4683 Yes but i think its used more in norwegian but idk
@@banananusthegoat 1 ku, 2 kyr. 2 høns, 1 høne.
Norwegian has "hå" for "shark" as well.
Germanic Differences Dialects Speaks Written Alphabetical Letters Texters Northern Baltic Lowlander European Countries (Norske 🇳🇴) Norwegian 🇳🇴 ( Svenska 🇸🇪) @(Sumoi 🇫🇮)Finland🇫🇮 (Isk🇮🇸) Iceland 🇮🇸 (Danske🇩🇰) Denmark 🇩🇰 (Alansk🇦🇽)Aland🇦🇽 (Hollander 🇳🇱) Netherlands 🇳🇱 (Foyorask🇫🇴) Faroe 🇫🇴 (Gronsk🇬🇱) Greenland 🇬🇱
You mean Suomi not Sumoi I assume.
I've done similar videos on my other channel, however, I usually like to compare the words sharing the same base, in order to reflect the phonetic mutations.
Those words are called cognates
@@wtc5198 I know but not everyone does. Comparing "banana" in different languages is boring as hell, imo.
Vielen Dank für die Arbeit erst drauf gestossen . Sehr schöne wie die wortverwandheit doch ist
Muy interesante!
It was mentioned that Germanic "Bear" is maybe from proto-Indo-European "Ghwer" (wild animal). It is interesting that in Slavic languages "Zwer" is also "wild animal"...One more intersting fact is that in east Russian language "berloha" (also "barlig" in Ukrainian) means "bear den"....
In german you can also call a pig ,Sau' ( sow in english). Large Dogs like Mastiffs are in german called Dogge.
Nice to see some of these comparisons,but the are languages which should also be on there namely the Gaelic tongues, Scottish, Irish and Welsh they might even bridge a gap or two.
I think you include much too many proto Indo European roots.. it's obviously very different from the proto Germanic roots in most cases. Very different languages and you seem to assume it's always the Latins that influenced the Germans.. I have more the impression it's the other way around. Look into old Frisian more also to understand the pre Roman Chatolic imperial world better.
Proto- Germanic comes from Indo-European. This video is simply following the roots back in time.
@@alisonhall5976 one would expect more similarities then no? Like with Southern or Eastern European languages..
@TheWeeaboo most words changed the meaning a bit
I have tried to research and it is still not clear to me what is the origin of the Finnish language. Someone knows?
Finnish is part of a family called (unsurprisingly) Finnic, and includes not only Finnish, but Estonian, Karelian, Ingrian, Livonian, Votic, Ludic, and Veps, all of which are spoken in either Finland, Estonia, or the parts of Russia near the Gulf of Finland.
Finnic, though, is part of a larger language family called Uralic, named for the Ural mountains in Russia, where it is believed this family originated. Besides Finnic, the Uralic family includes Samic (the Sami languages of Scandinavia), Mordvinic (the Erzya and Moksha languages of Russia), Permic (the Komi and Udmurt languages of Russia), Mari, Khanty, Mansi (all spoken in Russia too), and Hungarian, spoken in central Europe. There is also a Samoyedic branch spoken in Siberia.
The Finnic group is very distantly related to the Ugric group, the largest member of which is Hungarian. If they were descended from a common proto-language then the split must have happened several millennia ago. You can just about see some kinship in some of the numbers and some basic vocabulary
Egy - Yksi
Kettő - Kaksi
Három - Kolme
Négy - Neljä
Öt - Viisi
Hat - Kuusi
Hét - Seitsemän
Nyolc - Kahdeksan
Kilenc - Yhdeksän
Tíz - Kymmenen
Both languages have been influenced by neighbours over the past thousand years so have drifted further apart.
This was great. Interesting:)
I noticed a lot of English loan words for animals that they'd never encounter on their isle, or rarely. Edit: I say loan, I mean non-Scandinavian, or non-Germanic
Maybe "foreign influences" were less for those as they were never commented on daily? Then who knows what happened in the crazy middle ages, linguistically.
@@doommonger7784 Yeah for sure. Normandy itself being influenced from the lowlands and Northern Germanic peoples, of course
@@doommonger7784 What bears lived in the British Isles?
Around 60% english words are from latin origin, it is a latin language with a germanic grammar.
In german language around words 90% or more are from germanic roots.
Dutch is not too "pure" like german but near to 90% vocabulary is too from germanic origin.
Alot of English is from Danish
@@DefenderOfChrist_
Around 26% english vocabulary has germanic roots including anglo-saxon, old norse, danish, etc.
Around 60% is from latin or norman-french.
The rest are from greek and other languages.
Overall vocabulary does not determine language family. English sits firmly in the West Germanic family.
Dutch is closer to Old High German/Althochdeutsch than German is to Althochdeutsch.
@@simontenkate9601 Wrong!! German is nearly the same as old high German, whereas Dutch lost almost all of the grammar and strongly simplified. It also has much higher influence from French and English than German. Also Dutch is the successor to Old Dutch and not OHG.
I love how for wolf the west Germanic languages use the same word and the north Germanic languages use the same word
Good vid and music. I feel bad for those who think English is a Latin language. That's demonstrably false. I have a book about how English would be if the Normans lost in 1066. Its very interesting. There is a song I like called "As flittermice as Satan's spys" by the Norwegian band Darkthrone,whose lyrics were written(in English) by a man who called himself Varg. I'm all for replacing bat with flittermouse,ha ha.
The germanic words in english are the most mighty and beautiful
Hound is my absolute favourite
@@fetigepomes4551 if u know what transformers is there is a autobot named Hound, they call him Hound because he transformers into a military vehicle and he's also trigger happy and has the ability to create holograms
Im Danish and always found Edderkop to be are really weird word. But kop/cup meaning round makes sense and edder/adder meaning poisen it is actually not that stupid. Round poison thing.
And the only venomous snake we have is called Hugorm literally meaning striking Wurm. People back then where good at namin animals lol.
The latter part of attercop still persists in English in the name of a spider's web which is normally called a cobweb - i.e. woven by a cob.
@@egbront1506 Oh yeah that is true. I never thought about it before. Makes sense.