Transcription and Translation - Protein Synthesis From DNA - Biology
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 6 มิ.ย. 2024
- This biology video tutorial provides a basic introduction into transcription and translation which explains protein synthesis starting from DNA. Transcription is the process where DNA is used to create mRNA. RNA polymerase constructs DNA using the template strand or antisense strand. The other strand is called the noncoding strand or nontemplate strand. pre-mRNA is actually created first through 3 processes - initiation, elongation, and termination. After which, pre-mRNA undergoes RNA splicing where the introns are removed and the exons remain. mRNA now leaves the nucleus and enters the cytosol where it finds a ribosome which is the site where proteins are made. The nucleotide sequence found in mRNA is broken into sets of 3 forming codons which matches the anticodons found in tRNA. The transfer RNA molecule brings the amino acids needed to make the growing polypeptide chain forming a protein. The ribosome has three sites - The E site or exit site, the P site or peptidyl site, and the A site or amino acyl site where most tRNA molecules enter.
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Gene editing in plain sight
0:44 The Ribsome
1:00 *Transcription* (Transcribe)
1. Initiation-
1:42 2. Elongation-
3:03 3. Termination-
3:55 Introns
Exons
RNA Splicing
6:12 *Translation* (Translate)
6:53 mRNA *Codons* and tRNA *Anticodons*
7:26 1. Initiation
8:26 2. Elongation (joining amino acids into a polypeptide chain, entering the A and out the E)
9:30 3. Termination
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