Climate - Chapter 4 Geography NCERT class 11
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Key notes and summary of Class 11 NCERT Chapter 4 - Climate. In this chapter we will understand:
1. Factors behind the Climate of India
2. Monsoons in India
3. Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
4. Climate change and its effects.
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Class 11th Geography is important from examination stand point. It covers all the nuances and basic concepts of India's Geographical and Physical Environment. Competitive exams like UPSC Civil Services Exam, Combined Defence Services CDS, Bank PO, RBI PO, Combined Graduate Level CGL, Central Armed Police Force CAPF, Intelligence Bureau IB have put major emphasis on Class 11th Geography. Questions appear in thoughtful, opinionated and factual manner. You can easily score, if you watch these videos without having to read the entire book full of textual data.
The Indian monsoon is influenced by several factors, including:
Ocean-land temperature gradient: The temperature difference between the land mass of South Asia and the surrounding ocean drives the formation and behavior of the monsoon winds.
Topography: The geography of South Asia, including the Himalayas and the Thar Desert, affects the distribution of the monsoon rains and the intensity of the winds.
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ): The position and movement of the ITCZ, which is a band of low pressure that circles the Earth near the equator, influences the formation and behavior of the monsoon winds.
Sea surface temperature: Changes in the sea surface temperature of the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal can affect the monsoon winds and rainfall patterns.
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO): The ENSO, which is a climate pattern characterized by changes in the sea surface temperature of the Pacific Ocean, can affect the monsoon winds and rainfall patterns in South Asia.
Climate change: Changes in the global climate, including increased greenhouse gas emissions, can alter the monsoon winds and rainfall patterns in South Asia.
These factors interact with each other and can cause variations in the timing, intensity, and distribution of the monsoon, making its prediction a complex task. A small change in one factor can have significant impacts on the monsoon and the rainfall patterns in the region.
Can you give me a detailed mechanics of the south west monsoon ?
The South West Monsoon is a seasonal wind system that brings rainfall to the Indian subcontinent and other parts of South Asia. The following is a detailed explanation of the mechanics of the South West Monsoon:
Formation of low-pressure systems: During the summer season, the sun heats the land mass of South Asia, including India, causing the air to rise and form low-pressure systems.
Trade winds: The trade winds, which blow from east to west in the tropics, are deflected towards the equator by the Coriolis effect, causing them to converge near the equator and rise.
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ): The converging trade winds form the ITCZ, which is a band of low pressure that circles the Earth near the equator and is characterized by rising air and converging trade winds.
Monsoon winds: The low-pressure system over South Asia attracts the moist air from the ocean, which is pushed towards the land by the trade winds. These winds are known as the monsoon winds and bring rainfall to the Indian subcontinent.
Rainfall: The monsoon winds pick up moisture from the ocean and bring it over the land, where it rises and cools, causing the moisture to condense and fall as rain. This process results in heavy rainfall over South Asia during the monsoon season.
Variation in intensity and distribution: The South West Monsoon is influenced by several factors, including the position and movement of the ITCZ, the temperature difference between the land and the ocean, and the topography of South Asia. These factors can cause variations in the intensity and distribution of the monsoon and the rainfall patterns in the region.
In summary, the South West Monsoon is a complex system that is driven by the interaction of several factors, including the trade winds, the low-pressure system over South Asia, and the ITCZ. The monsoon winds bring rainfall to the Indian subcontinent and play a crucial role in the region's agriculture and water resources.
Explain ENSO
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate pattern characterized by changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) of the Pacific Ocean near the equator. ENSO has significant impacts on global weather patterns and climate, including droughts, floods, and other extreme weather events.
The ENSO cycle has two phases: El Niño and La Niña.
El Niño: El Niño is a warm phase of the ENSO cycle that occurs when the SST in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean near the equator becomes significantly warmer than average. This warming leads to changes in the atmospheric circulation, which can affect weather patterns around the world. During an El Niño event, the trade winds that normally blow from east to west across the Pacific Ocean weaken, leading to a decrease in upwelling of cool water from the deeper ocean and an increase in the SST.
La Niña: La Niña is the cool phase of the ENSO cycle, which occurs when the SST in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean near the equator becomes significantly cooler than average. During a La Niña event, the trade winds become stronger, leading to an increase in upwelling of cool water from the deeper ocean and a decrease in the SST.
The impacts of ENSO on global weather patterns and climate are complex and depend on several factors, including the location, intensity, and duration of the event. During an El Niño event, for example, the increased SST in the Pacific Ocean can lead to changes in the atmospheric circulation that can affect rainfall patterns and increase the risk of droughts in some regions and floods in others.
ENSO is one of the most important drivers of climate variability and can have significant impacts on global weather patterns and climate. Monitoring and understanding the ENSO cycle is crucial for predicting and mitigating its impacts on various regions around the world.
Is La Nina good for Indian monsoon
La Niña events have mixed effects on the Indian monsoon. In general, La Niña is associated with below-normal rainfall in the monsoon season, which can lead to drought conditions in some parts of India. This is because La Niña events are characterized by strong trade winds and increased upwelling of cool water from the deeper ocean, which can affect the atmospheric circulation and reduce the moisture content in the air.
However, the impacts of La Niña on the Indian monsoon can vary depending on the strength and duration of the event, as well as other factors such as the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the strength of the monsoon winds.
In summary, while La Niña events are generally associated with below-normal rainfall in the Indian monsoon season, the impacts can be complex and vary depending on several factors. As a result, it is difficult to make definitive statements about the relationship between La Niña and the Indian monsoon.
Voyager speaks
what does upwelling means
Upwelling refers to the rising of deep, cool, nutrient-rich ocean water to the surface. This process occurs along coastlines when winds blow parallel to the shore and push surface water away from the coast, causing deep water to rise to the surface. The deep water that rises is rich in nutrients, including nitrates, phosphates, and iron, which support the growth of phytoplankton and other marine organisms.
Upwelling is an important process in the ocean that plays a crucial role in the global climate system and the marine food web. By bringing deep, cool water to the surface, upwelling helps to regulate the Earth's temperature, and by providing nutrients to the surface, it supports the growth of phytoplankton, which are the base of the ocean food chain.
Upwelling occurs in several regions around the world, including along the western coasts of continents in the subtropics and near the equator. The intensity and duration of upwelling can be influenced by several factors, including wind patterns, ocean currents, and the topography of the coast.
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A very tough chapter u just simplfy and complete in 9 mins... Commendable 👍
Sir this is not to request you for something but just to thank you for the time and effort you're putting in as it was really helpful.. and you've made it very simple for us..🙏🙏👍
You're doing a great job. The way you explain complicated topics like ITCZ is commendable.
As a degree student, I sincerely thank u for this explaination ,I thought I couldn't make this unit for exam but u have explained it in a simple and clear way .Thank you sir
Thanks sir , With the help of your 3D learning system it really makes our learning system faster and I adapt it without any doubt. Thanks so much
This video has not covered the entire chapter... Pls cover the entire chapter
Thank You Sir As being a student of Geography I find it difficult to understand the climate therefore I take reference to the video and the way you explained the topic is splendid through this comment I also make a request to you for making videos on Geomorphology I consider this topic is to be complex....
Thank You Sir
Sir u have not discussed most if the topics... It was too fast without detailed information
Remaining topics are in ather vedeo watch it is very helpfull
@@navanathborale9505 how do we know where are other videos of this chapter I'm not being able to find please help me it's my exam soon
@@ananyapande5435 search in play list u will get all topics
@@ananyapande5435 Please refer class 9th Geography Playlist
This book is simple so read the book it's not that difficult
Thank you so much sir for making us able to understand geography easily .. 👍
Sir,
U r great.
What a communication and best thing is explanation with perfect video that's great job. So by my heart I salute you
Bro,suddenly I came across this video to understand the climate of our country.Before that i knew nothing about this,i were quite confused.But now its all clear.You have developed interest of geography inside me.Thanks for this.But can u tell me what are the other factors that we still not able to count to predict accurate weather conditions in India?
ऊँ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय नमः ऊँ श्री विष्णवे च विद्महे वासुदेवाय धीमहि तन्नो विष्णु प्रचोदयात् ऊँ हर हरि ऊँ तत् सत् ऊँ तत् सत्🙏🙏🙏
You have not completely explained the seasons and many other aspects
Yes I totally agree with you🙄
very well explained all the chapter of ncert 6 to 8 now i had clear all my doubts of geography thank you but the speed was quite fast make it a lil bit slow
Hello Sir, make videos on political science of class 11th.
And your lectures are really comprises the all information which we students need. So, thank you for that ✌▫
Hello
sir please complete this ncert series its really helpful
It's really help alot to be master in geography ..interesting too..and my kind request that plzzz upload all the geographic topics which are in ncert book...thanks alot sir..🙏🙏🙏
Bestest explanation sir❤️🤗 thank you ❤️ very very much keep it up😍
Nice sir .........your way to tecah is very simple and good........
Sir you are god of geography...keep it ..soon your channel will have 1M subscribers
Nicely explained with diagrams. Really helped me to understand concepts of climate.
Thankyou Amit.
Largest chepter finished in smallest video. Sir
your videos are crisp and interesting despite being short.
very useful for all competitive exams.thank you so much sir
Wonderful series👍
Sir, can u plz make videos on monthly current affairs of geography and if possible other upsc subjects too...
Sir thank you for this wonderfull video..its very helpful😀
keep doing this great work of sharing your fantastic knowledge to us..thatnku soo much
Very simple way thanks sir 🙏
Sir, what a concept... thank you so much
Incomplete chapter...
Each sec contains major information . WORTH WATCHING.
Thanks, sir for being focus on important and difficult part....Please make more videos.
its best.......
for one day before exam
It is quite beneficial
Best teacher! Luv u sir
Mind Blowing
No Words to describe your experise
Very well explanation.
you are REALLY amazing. I got my concepts cleared now very succinctly.
thank u for the video sir..and please slow down teaching so that we can better understand...
Thank u for this wonderful video sir. 😊
sir rate of speech is very high. awesome lecture.
bow down to you sir.
I finished book in 5 hrs.
Sir please explain in detail the indian physical environment .you are covering all the topics in haste . This book is very important for all competitive papers
I understand more well than mrunal for upsc.. May be I am not capturing hindi in his channel.. But this is a great help thankyou
you made all the topics easy
good and thanks for this. I hope u do this for all the subjects and lessons for 9,10,11,12 etc.. as we are helpful by them to face the board exams
Amit excellent, and they really help full can you upload 8th 9th 10th geography videos if possible thanks.
This was helpful however did not cover all the topics from the book.
4 years later
Mansvini I guess you’re 21
Yes. I need more informative.
@@thesni3240 i guess you, an idiot..
Sir please cover the whole topic from this chapter this is a important chapter
thank you so much sir ...has been really helpful to me for revisions
+Raj Lakshmi - thanks! :)
Amit Sengupta k
sir you have covered it very fast unlike other one
Sir thank u very much for this video.
I hope that u can upload video of his ncert class 11 too ty....
sir your aim is really accomplished .thank you very much
Good job sir...try to cover ncert for some other subjects especially history..it will be useful
Hi🥰
this video helps me a lot...
Amit Sengupta Sir.. you are amazing.. you are the role model for others.. how to explain and how to use technology to make presentation beautiful.. keep it up.. you are amazing.. God bless
The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure zone located at the equator where trade winds converge
God bless you sir 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙂
this video is not for beginer and under graduted students ..but it's very helpfull for upsc aspirant like me.
Thank you soo much for explaining in such a well manner, sir
Sir you are an amazing teacher....Really!!! Thank you so much for providing so informative videos in a very much creative way for free to all the students. This is really an appreciating effort ❤️
very nice videos sir. plz make some videos related to the topics of upsc. thnku.
the wait is over! thank you ji please upload more videos & at faster pace if possible thank you for your service :)
thank you..really helpful!!
Tysm sir..Yu teach really well!!
Thanx tomorrow is my test thankyou very much😊😊😊😊
U r great teacher 🔥💥
Thank you sir . This video is very helpful for revision purpose
Thank you so much sir ❣️🙏❣️
The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) plays a significant role in the formation and behavior of the South West Monsoon. The ITCZ is a band of low pressure that circles the Earth near the equator and is characterized by converging trade winds and rising air.
During the summer season, the sun heats the land mass of South Asia, including India, causing the air to rise and form low-pressure systems. This low-pressure system attracts the moist air from the ocean, which is pushed towards the land by the trade winds, creating the South West Monsoon. The ITCZ moves northward and southward with the changing seasons and affects the intensity and distribution of the South West Monsoon.
In the case of the South West Monsoon, the ITCZ is positioned over the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal during the monsoon season, allowing the monsoon winds to pick up moisture and bring rainfall to the Indian subcontinent. The ITCZ's location and movement play a crucial role in the timing, intensity, and distribution of the South West Monsoon, and any changes in the ITCZ's position can have a significant impact on the monsoon and the rainfall patterns in the region.
Hello Sir
The latest version in the textbook of this chapter talks even more in depth about the concepts. Can you please teach and update the playlist? It would be really helpful if you have a look into it.
Thank you
Ap itna sai pdhate ho pura chapter explain krte bina chhode to jada better hota
Ok
very nice initiative.Thnaks a lot
Watched till end, Thank You
Thumbs up for you 👍
very good video sir!! plz can u tell me the definition of ITCZ to write in the exams...
+Yashasva moond - so watch this video along with "high pressure low pressure" video and you will understand ITCZ. If you still have any doubt, let me know!
Just pause the video at 6:00,u will know the definition of ITCZ.
Inter tropical convergence zone
Sir please give full chapter 7 , I can't find its second part. I would be grateful if you do that. Thanks.
Monish Manglani plz quit study😠😠
Sir really helpful of urs videos....thank u so much.....hope u will make further videos....
Very good presentation but I guess India receives SOUTH WEST (Winter) Monsoons and NOT South East (Winter) Monsoons because of the presence of Himalayas... Do correct me if I am wrong. Thanks for the video.
So India receives two monsoon wind:- 1) South west monsoon wind, and 2) North east monsoon wind. 1st one is the regular monsoon season for us which comes after summer i.e July - Sept.
2nd one is the winter monsoon which comes in the month of Dec - Feb. You must have heard in the news about the Chennai floods in Dec last year. That was due to NE monsoon.
Request you to please make such videos for class 11 NCERT Part 1 of Geography
Thanks sir you are a boon for us, I will tell all my friends about your channel.
Good and brief explanation. plz check your microphone plz
Sir, Himalayas protect India from cold winds of the arctic region, but you are saying that, during N-E monsoon climate become cooler as result of cold winds from the arctic region, these 2 statements are contradictory, could u plz clarify?
Yes I too thought the same doubt...
Plss refer chp 4 of 9th class by sir in that sir said that some of the winds frm artic region get to cross the Himalayas and they cause winter monsoon.......plss listen it once and if i m worng then plss infrom me.........
Srinu Yellapu this reversal of wind happens due to change/shifting of pressure belt as land mass has higher pressure in winters and air moves from land to sea!!! While crossing Bay of Bengal these winds get moisture and precipitate over Tamil Nadu area...
Actually The Correct Reason Is That In Winters And Summers The ITCZ Also Moves Towards South And North Respectively. This Is Due To The Fact That Sun Comes Closer To The Tropic Of Capricorn In Winters And Tropic Of Cancer In Summer. This Shifting Gives Rise To Shifting Of ITCZ Resulting In Northwest And Southeast Monson.
thank you soo much sir it hepled me a lot .... u can explain the topics in same video instead of creating another video and can be slow while u explain
pls upload for world geography,the other book too,thanks.
So much satisfied with your way of teaching❣️
awesome vedio and explanation....thankyou sir
Is not included for the evolution of peninsular Rivers?
Thank you so much sir you are doing a great job💓
awesome voice and wonderful video
Thanks sir.. superb as always
Thank you so much sir......your videos really helped me a lot..
thanks for providing me information amit sir
Amazing sir ,but u not covered full series in this chapter
As usual u r superb.....
Itcz explanation is mind blowing
Best explanation 👍🏻
Sir if you don't mind please cover all the concepts in the book.... It'll be helpful for everyone....
Hai sir.. Your videos are very helpful.. Can you plz share ncert history videos.
Thank u sir very well explained👍
Amit Sir, in case of incoming monsoon, I understood that air moves from high pressure to low pressure. But why is there high pressure in the Indian ocean?
+ABOLI DHAWANKAR Always remember air moves from HP to LP. LP is associated with warm temperature and HP is associated with low temperature. Now try to understand its because of sun rays land and water gets heated up. And movement of earth around the sun and in its own axis causes the sun rays to shift to northern and southern hemisphere.
Thank you.
+ABOLI DHAWANKAR :)
Lectures are awesome. Please remove the 'bee' sound from the background.
The lectures wouwould be better understood if you use map to teach the chapters
For eg- the topic that explains the river indus in the third chapter of book India geography