Useful discussion here. Some speakers are more "real world room friendly" than others, and people need to take their listening space into account. I recently returned some highly regarded speakers, not because I didn't agree with reviewers who raved about them per se, but because they didn't work well in the listening space I have.
Halleluyah. Best vid ever of explaining how stereo systems work. I've been asking myself for years now as to why whe don't have a central channel speaker in stereo music. It's what's missing IMHO. Now I know why. Thank you SO much. 🙏Amazingly helpful. 👍
I’ve seen quite a few videos and articles on speaker placement but none better than this one. Clear, straightforward, and easily understood, it’s a great practical guide to speaker and listener positioning in real rooms. And yes, I’d like to see more 😊.
I second this statement, Currently wondering if in the instance of a room with 13x11x8 (LxWxH) - with a cement wall on one long side, dry wall with double doors on the other long side......window sliding door and window panes on the short wall with dry wall and a single door for the other side across the windows. Out of all these surfaces, i'm finding the cement wall to have the best results (though far from perfect) with them facing the cement long wall. Not sure if this is my ears? or because the cement wall is acting as a decent absorber compared to the other surfaces? I also made things worst by adding bass traps and early reflections with soundblocks absorbers from GIK acoustics.
Yes, please make more. Clearly a complicated subject but I have learned a lot. And, it is easier to calculate my listening area /speaker placement relationship when I can unserstand more about how sound waves and the brain react together. Also I very much like your presentation and thoughtful answers. Thank you.
Good to hear a speaker designer's advice. Diffusion at the first reflection point is now widely recommended, if the difference in distance (direct vs reflected) is less than 6ft/1800mm (3ms). Fix the room before upgrading equipment! 🎶🤫🎶
“I find it helpful to think of reflections as mono or stereo, in the manner of Manfred Schroeder when he performed his analysis of concert hall acoustics and confirmed the importance of lateral reflections. Sidewall reflections are ‘stereo’ because they arrive at the ears from wider angles than the loudspeakers, so they increase interaural disparity (hence spaciousness). All other room first-order reflections (floor, ceiling, back wall, front wall) are ‘mono’ because they arrive at the ears at narrower angles than the loudspeakers and so reduce interaural disparity. I’m not a fan of quelling side-wall reflections as you are, but if you do it then it’s essential not to mess with the spectrum of the reflection. Simple absorbers are bad news because they are more effective at treble frequencies than lower frequencies, so the spectral disparity between direct and reflected sound is increased, as if the reflected sound came from further off-axis. Why do speakers usually sound better pointed straight down the room? Because this results in smaller disparity than if the speakers are toed-in."
Excellent video. Extreme near field is how I grew up. We used to cram all of our friends in there as well. When I was younger living in tiny homes, I would sit between the speakers on the heavily carpeted floor where I could still crawl over to the controls and stand to work the turntable between records. Now I use a supersized desktop/studio style layout with 12" mains and a pair of subs. It's very head-phonic minus the isolative disruption between the two the skull otherwise inflicts. Add some well practiced, recording dependent, EQ on the fly and I'll never go back to trying to appease an otherwise, non-existent audience. For the uninitiated, the rest of the room still sounds comparatively top notch, to what most people are used to or even care about. In other words, if your audience is tiny, forego trying to design a favorable whole room. Instead, be acoustically selfish.
Surprised and curious why this video didn’t already have 6M views? Anyways … it’s their on lookout. This video truly emphasizes that the science of acoustic engineering should go hand-in-hand for many, who profess to be audiophiles, in choosing high end hifi systems only because they can “afford?” Excellent video! Cheers! 🎼🎶
The reason you hear the boom boom of that car audio going by especially if the windows are all raised is that the SPL in the car changes with the speaker movement and so does the cars body panels. What you are actually hearing is these body panels which have effectively become a car shaped speaker drive unit annoy everyone they drive past.
I measured the distances of my speakers and the 1.5 X from the front to my listening point was 12” short, so I simply moved forward 12” and there was a clear improvement in sound quality! My system, modest though it is, sounds good, but when I redecorate the living room, it will be done with the correct distance measurements of the speakers to ear ’ole ratio 😁. Last week, I thought there was something wrong with the bass from my speakers, but when I checked the rear of them I discovered the cat had knocked the ‘power in ‘ plug loose in the back of my subwoofer 😂😂.
So glad you’ve doing these, great information. 2 Questions. 1. Does the same ratio 1:1.5 apply when using the long wall of a room? 2. Just as there’s a max distance between the speakers, is there a minimum? I’ve read lately about putting speakers closer with less toe-in.
I always see discussions with the speakers facing the long direction of the room. What if the room requires you to have the speakers on the long wall? The side walls will be far away but the space behind the listener very short. This also can produce a strong sound stage image.
Your advice is good for reducing the effects room mode especially in a very tiny room. However, the sidewall reflections will negatively affect the soundstage. It's all about finding the best compromise. If you don't have any room mode issues firing down the shorter length of the room, then I would recommend having the speakers firing down the shorter length of the room instead. 😊
@@thatchinaboi1 I am only commenting about the sound I have experienced in my room. It is 4 x 6.5 x 3 meters high. Having speakers on the short wall is magic. The opposite is very bad. No space behind the speakers and listener for me is not good.
First and most important thing is to find the low end sweet spot in your room where your listening position should be. Then comes speaker placement etc. If you sit at the bad place, nothing will fix the sound
@@joshtonkin7684 Put speaker in the corner and play familiar song. Then move lenght wise (center)in your room. Where bass is the most balanced there is your listening position
Thankyou for your insight makes a lot of sense, you have helped me overcome some problems that I had setting up my home theater system keep up the great work :)
i think the first couple of minutes sums up the room situation as in most people don't have the luxury of conditioning their listening space , so it's a non issue . it's easier to condition the listener than it is the room OR you can adopt my scientific method known as the ' Overwhelm the room Method ' . this is very simple . Buy the biggest speakers you can afford , plop them down in whatever space is available , add a high quality and powerful amp and blast away .😂
It was such a pleasant surprise to hear the 2/3 ratio between speakers and listener. I leaned that 50 years ago. And for you to address listening connected to amount of processing needed in the brain. How much more relaxing it is the less the brain has to process. One of my reasons for analog/ vinyl being superior. With digital the brain has to do some anti-aliasing, some filtering, work harder. And the only center channel I recall from back in the day was Klipsch. With their corner horns having to be in corners, you could not keep the 2/3 ratio. So the center was sonically a hole. So Paul Klipsch came up with a center channel speaker as a fill. The idea was actually considered heresy in the stereo industry. So guess what he called that speaker? The Heresy.
@Glenn Curry I'm afraid you have a fundamental misunderstanding of how digital audio works. The brain doesn't have to work harder using a digital audio signal. Everything is converted back to analog at the final stage. Any modern home theatre receiver is capable of rendering a center channel with a physical center speaker. I will typically set my receiver into Dolby Pro Logic mode when playing back a stereo album. Depending on the way an album is mixed for stereo, having material that has a heavy middle presence can be a bit annoying or at the very least, audibly boring. Pure mono content benefits by having two speakers involved instead of one. (Of course, prior to the invention of stereophonic sound, everyone listened to music with only one speaker.) What digital audio has provided the listener with is the ability to hear music in 5 or 7.1 surround sound. Along with the added channels is the ability to clearly set the soundstage and bring out the clarity and dynamics of all instruments in the recordings. You haven't truly heard albums like Pink Floyd's "Dark Side of the Moon" until you've heard it in surround sound. The stereo version is comparatively dull and lifeless.
@@n.miller907 I guess my degree in electronics, having been a member of the Audio Engineering Society.. a Rep for products like Marantz, AR, AT, Sony, ... when digital was first being developed. Living in Nashville and selling to studios, Opryland, ... meeting and discussing digital with Thomas Stockham (Soundstream), Sony, JVC and Philips engineers ... came in 2nd place for position as National Service Manager for Studer/ Revox ...ran a regional Kenwood repair center, ... fix and design my own amps, ... explains my "fundamental misunderstanding of how digital audio works." There was actually a study done (by Absolute Sound I believe) when digital was first coming out that showed a higher level of anxiety based on galvanic skin response while listening to digital than analog. Yes all kinds of digital processing magic can invent sounds not on the recording to impress. I use a 4.1 soundbar system for multimedia. But when I want to hear a musical performance I don't want to invent sounds. I want to hear what was actually there originally as accurately as possible. But then I have a very highly resolving analog stereo system. Not a dull and lifeless one.
Excellent video. Just one topic left to cover I'd say... the bass response. The high end was covered in this video with the toe in solution. What about the bass, which I think is the most difficult part of any room setup. Thank you in advance
What if I have my room dedicated only for audio and video, acoustically. I have absorption from the walls. So I think I shouldn't sepárate the speakers too much from the walls. What do you think? I think it sounds better 30cm from the walls.
What a great presentation!!!👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻 I am happy that your channel found me. I am in process of setting up my entertainment room that has dimensions: 11’x17’x9.5’. TV and the LCR speakers would be located in the middle of the 17’ wall. I intuitively decided to place front speakers of my surround system separated apart and tilt toward me sitting in the center of 17’ wall at the distance of 10’ from the center speaker and TV. When presenter was ready to name the maximum distance between front Ł and R speakers, the moderator interrupted him, which made me a little upset; I was getting educated, but now I am missing this valuable information. I am planing to place this 2 bookshelf speakers at the distance of 15’ one from the other under the ceiling 6” from the wall and tilted towards the center of the couch at the opposite wall. Could you please finish your thoughts and provide us with the missing information you did not have the opportunity to convey to us. Thank you!!! PS I subscribed to your channel to learn more, because I watched many videos on TH-cam, but non made a presentation as precise and clear as you did. Thank you from all of us!!!
Seems that a lot of concern about direct sound is moot as any live listening experience will have some direct and more reflected sound. Ain't this what we want in a home system?? As close to the live experience as possible?? I'm also not a fan of the "sweet spot" logic. The sound should be well dispersed throughout the listening room. That includes toeing in/out speakers. Good systems will have a wide dispersion pattern without the need of toeing (or tilting). Stereo imaging (with better speakers) should be perceived off axis almost as good as on axis. I agree that too close placement will lose the imaging ability but the "hole in the middle" concept is real and can be a problem. A larger problem for speaker placement would be, I think, the the existence of standing waves and room nodes which has to do with wavelengths and room dimensions. That can be a nightmare for good sound. Really informative, interesting and practical advice here, very lucid. Still though, don't be afraid to try different speaker setups. Where the music sounds best might not be a feasible speaker location, my wife will attest to that.
we want more direct sound because whatever is on that recording we are listening to is getting lost with the room acoustics in our room. IT's not only reflected sound blurring the music, but it's also modal pressures causing problems.. The whole idea is being able to hear as much of that original recording as we can without being harmed by the acoustics of our room, speaker placement, listening position and the problems that arise from those being done incorrectly or not at all. Here's a picture of about the most optimal room, the problem is, most people can't afford the room. :-) www.acousticfields.com/state-of-the-art-acoustics/. In that room, all of the low frequency, mid/high frequency absorption is built into the walls, so it doesn't look like it's there. The diffusion is obviously the only thing that you really see.
@@Oneness100, well said. That's why I prefer to do most listening thru headphones. You get everything on the recordings without interference by room acoustics (ie; standing waves and nodes) and no hassle with speaker placement. Besides, not everyone can have an "anechoic chamber" for a listening room. My headphone choices are my Koss Pro4X and AKG K-40's. Guess I'm old school.
@@martyjewell5683 I've been in rooms that were properly treated. Unfortunately, few people get to have that experience. I don't like headphones because I don't want something over my ears, especially for long periods of time.
@@Oneness100, I too have been in "sound rooms" and it's an eye opening experience. I tend to agree about the comfort status of headphones. I remember the Koss triple A's were like c-clamps on my head. The AKG K-40's are very light (a few ounces) and are extremely comfortable for hours of wear. Considering their price of $18 and age, almost 39 years old they have better than adequate sound and are handy while the wife is working from home and I can't "blast" the hifi. As you say, few people get to have treated listening rooms and must make due with homes and apartments "as is".
@@martyjewell5683 I used to have the Koss HV-1A's, the Sennheiser HD-414's, and the 424's. And then much later I bought a pair of the HD-280 Pros. I remember the old Koss that were big and heavy. I never liked those to wear.. I recently bought a pair of the Apple AirPod Pros and I was actually surprised at their sound quality and they fit pretty well too.
But how about live performances, when you are listening to real voice in the room singing, the sound is reflecting the walls the same way as per your drawing when sound is coming from speakers. Hence that means - to simulate real performance you need sound with reflections, and if you will eliminate reflections you will get different experience from Live performance??? Unless the room where performance was happening was treated...
Excellent discussion! I've long considered the room to be the most important component in the system, so this will give me some definite ideas of things to try to manipulate the environment. Would like to know, is there value in having highly non-reflective barriers around the back and sides of the speakers?
Hi, I followed these guidelines by I'm no expert, if I briefly explain could you please advise. I'm using Cyrus 781's on Atacama HMS 1's. There is a bedroom, the left speaker has the sidewall and back wall, the right speaker only has the back wall to bounce the sound as to the right is the doorway. I put them 1.8 metres apart. Distance to the listener will be 2.8 metres. I'm sure they could be better, but they do sound better now. Any additional advice will be much appreciated! Thank you.
If you only have a pair of speakers, where would you place them in a room approx. 25' x 30' where people will be sitting against the walls on all sides?
owning the 5's the 7's and 30's I can assure you they take time to 'bun in and open up ' - my favorite rig is a Benchmark DAC1 with a NAC source and/or Mac - a Cray Haflet HA75 with Telefunken EC88's from Kenny at Upscale Audio and a Creek Destiny 2 with some power conditioning .... Ab Fab - cray Holographics for Everything But the Girl - Alice in Chains Unplugged - Karen Carpenter .......
My listening room is in my bedroom so there is very little room to move anything. The bed in the middle of the room does a good job soaking up reflections.
Speaker placement. You ask 10 different, so say, experts, you’ll likely get 10 opposing opinions. This video quotes a ratio of 1 To 1.5 whilst I’ve also heard quoted 1 to .83 and 1 to 1. Other commonly used figures are the one third rule and the 1 fifth to 4 fifths rule. Audiophiles talk of replicating the live performance in their own listening environment. This video talks of a wall of sound, a tangible soundstage. That doesn’t exist in a live performance, except perhaps in an intimate Jaz lounge. Imagine, if you will, a rock band. Centre stage is the vocalist. To his right the lead guitarist. To the vocalists left, the rhythm guitarist. Behind the vocalist, the keyboard player. In the far right corner the drummer. In the far left corner the bass player. A saxophonist stands to the right of the bass player. A good production team can do a reasonable job of capturing this soundstage and the instrumentalists placement, in the recording by altering the time difference between the right and left speaker. But, at the live performance each musician is individually miked to speakers on stage, at the rear of the hall, along the side walls and even in the ceiling. This destroys that wall of sound. What you hear in your listening environment will not accurately replicate what the concert goer witnessed. I once heard a TH-cam reviewer, reviewing a pair of speakers. He said he could clearly hear the female vocalist swaying from side to side. No, he couldn’t. She was singing into a Mike connected to static speakers. What he probably heard was the production team adjusting the right, left faders. Once you accept the fact that what you are hearing from your hifi at home, is fake, an illusion cleverly created by that recording team, then you will have a better understanding of what to expect from your home system. Personally. My hifi has to fight for it’s right to be in our family 17 by 19 feet lounge. The front baffle of my speakers is 35 inches from the wall behind them. My listening position is 35 inches from the wall behind me. The distance between the centre of the left and right tweeter is 102 inches. The distance from my listening position to the central point between the speakers is 132 inches. Which gives a ratio of 1 to 1.29 almost fits the one fifth to four fifths rule, but that is by chance, not design. It’s not ideal. It’s a combination of my version of good audio physics and my wife’s concept of pleasing aesthetics. With major compromises on both sides. Anyways, it works, I do sit back with n aged, single malt and enjoy well reproduced music. Yes, in a perfect world, it could doubtless be tweaked to sound a lot better, but that perfect world doesn’t exist. Most of all, enjoy the music.
Trying to position my speakers I ended up rotating the triangle in the room. That means, no speaker-wall-distance is the same and the line connecting the speakers is not parallel to the back wall.
My Wife insists that I hide my Mordaunt Short Avant 906 3 way floor mounted speakers behind the TV, which is on a low open backed credenza shelf drawer set in one corner, and at the end of the couch in the other. So I got a flat screen TV blocking the right channel and a bloody 3 seater couch blocking the left! the tweeter is above the couch but the TV is in the way of the whole right hand speaker. What can I do to improve sound quality? And don't say get rid of the Wife!
I put my speakers on the floor close to the wall and I get good base and high since the focus of energy is all in the front, sounds more solid (or whole). In my observation unless it’s a big and high powered speakers the best spot is on the floor close to the wall.
Speakers sound better away from all walls (less muddiness) I have front ported speakers which means if needed they could be placed nearer to the front wall but after experimenting not only do my stereo speakers sound better away from the front wall, they also sound better placed further apart! Mind you it was only after I placed an acoustic panel to accommodate the first reflection coming from my left stereo speaker that it all truly came together! 🥳 If interested one can view/hear within this 3-minute short video... th-cam.com/video/xvdqI5qZa6g/w-d-xo.html
Excellent video, very informative. I'm in the process of rediscovering sounds, realy beautiful speakers, will be investing in the not so distant future. A question have you a centre speaker in the future pipeline?
When you toe in the speakers, you have a reflective wall(s) and based on your ratio of 1:1.5, where should the speaker's drivers pass? I was told that from direct line of site, they should pass over each shoulder but then others have said that they should meet just in front of you? What do you suggest?
The thing to do is experiment. Which configuration results in the most pleasing result? Unless your speakers are given to terminal beaming, a slight difference shouldn't matter much. But the proof is in the pudding, as they say.
What effect does phase have on all this? I have a feeling that W1 and W2 sounds, having been reflected once, will be in phase with each other but out of phase with the sounds going direct from speaker to listener. Does that help the listener's brain to weed out the unwanted, reflected sounds or make it even harder for him to perceive the various "solid" locations in the stereo image?
The reflected sound waves have to be out of phase with the same wave taking the shorter direct path to the listeners ear but this surely in effect appears as an echo and while it indicates the limitations of the listening room in the case of a replayed live recording it also conveys the parameters or boundary walls of the original recording space so really messy. If you just want an accurate reproduction of studio recorded material listen with headphones, if you want to recreate the excitement of a live performance or recreate an imagined live event then load the room up with some fairly hefty drivers and appreciate the effort or lack of taken by the recording engineer.
In my experience , if we have a live band in our room , the room will interfere with the output of the band , so what we hear will be inclusive of all reflection . If you have even been to a live gig and you are anything like me , the front row is the last place you want to be . Speaker placement has no rules . My art stiletto 6 speakers want to be as far apart as they can be regardless of room and distance to the listening seat , my ls3/5a can be near field or far away , close together or far apart and are consistent in performance . Toe in has an effect with both speakers but less so with the ls3/5a . I do appreciate these videos but they are also worthless unless they are targeted at a specific speaker .
Your explanation and visual drawing aids are very concise and easily understood. May I submit a suggestion,, Many of us have a room/area that isn't a rectangle but of an open floor plan. One area flows into another if you will. Could you explain possible solutions for that?
Rear reflections will emphasize bass at the listening position if it is very close to the back wall. That could be a good or a bad thing depending on the frequency response.
In terms of high and mid frequencies, the timing between the reflected sound and the direct sound is far apart enough to not affect the listening window frequency response.
The ideal listening positions will always land at: 32.8%, 39.6%, 45.8% based on the room modes of the 1st to 7th harmonic nulls. For smaller length rooms your listening position will be ideally land at 45.8%. Listening positions for medium length rooms will be 39.6% and listening positions for longer rooms will land at 32.8%. Mathematically at 32.8%, 39.6%, 45.8% will always be your ideal listing positions between room modes.
@@56ctconger Sure. It's based on Room Modes: 1st Harmonic Null = 50% 2nd Harmonic Null = 25%, 75% 3rd Harmonic Null = 16.7%, 50%, 83.3% 4th Harmonic Null = 12.5%, 37.5%, 62.5%, 87.5% 5th Harmonic Null = 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90% 6th Harmonic Null = 8.3%, 25%, 41.7%, 58.3%, 75%, 91.7% 7th Harmonic Null = 7.1%, 21.4%, 35.7%, 50%, 64.3%, 78.6%, 92.9% In a smaller length room, the listening position will fall in between the 1st (50%) null and 6th (41.7%) null at (50+41.7/2 = 45.8%). In a medium-length room, the listening position will fall in between the 4th (37.5%) null and 6th (41.7%) null at (37.5+41.7/2 = 39.6%). In a larger length room, the listening position will fall in between the 5th (30%) null and the 7th (35.7%) null at (30+35.7/2 = 32.8%). You want your listening position to land in between a null and not right on a null.
One of the most effective ways of recreating an imaginary sound field is to hide the speakers behind an acoustically transparent curtain as the visual lock on where sound is emerging from is very powerful.
Totally commiserate! … wish I learned more of the science in acoustic engineering before I was emotionally hooked by marketing charlatans early in my own journey. But eventually came to my own realization that focusing merely on the “high end gears” without the science can be totally foolish and lead to confusion why we can’t get the optimum quality we have unwittingly paid for (as other too came to realize) … read my lips … it’s the room and speaker placement you … Truly an audiophile’s continuous journey that one never truly arrives “if” the science is neglected. Cheers! 🙏
The distance between the speakers and the distance from each speaker to the listener should be equal. Period. 1-to-1. An equilateral triangle. This never changes by room. And the room dictates placement of ideal listening positioning, as determined by nodes/standing bass waves. This is not a subjective thing. There are several other false/incorrect statements made here, but I won’t let myself sound like a troll, and parse them out, but suffice to say there are further untrue declarations made. But a 1:1.5 ratio, distance between speakers to distance from each speaker to listener? Absolutely false. I say this based on science, not subjective perception or preference, nor some alternate theory. This is established, measured acoustic science. The distance between speakers, and the distance between speakers and listener, to the sweet spot, should ALWAYS be equal, forming an equilateral triangle, without exception. Period. And the location of the listener should be the spot on what is typically a perpendicular pathway bisecting the front wall where the bass response is the most balanced and natural. Again, period. How far the listener’s position is from the from the front wall should be based on this. And, although practically try, for the most part, bass frequencies transmitted from studio speakers, whether two-way or three-way, or a subwoofer(s), are not the same in the way you depicted in this video. It is more subtle, but in no way “the same” in those circled areas.
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This for me, is the best explanation on the internet. Finally, something that makes it simple to understand.
The very best analysis of this subject I have heard ever!
Well done, thank You!
Useful discussion here. Some speakers are more "real world room friendly" than others, and people need to take their listening space into account. I recently returned some highly regarded speakers, not because I didn't agree with reviewers who raved about them per se, but because they didn't work well in the listening space I have.
Halleluyah. Best vid ever of explaining how stereo systems work. I've been asking myself for years now as to why whe don't have a central channel speaker in stereo music. It's what's missing IMHO. Now I know why. Thank you SO much. 🙏Amazingly helpful. 👍
I’ve seen quite a few videos and articles on speaker placement but none better than this one. Clear, straightforward, and easily understood, it’s a great practical guide to speaker and listener positioning in real rooms. And yes, I’d like to see more 😊.
I second this statement, Currently wondering if in the instance of a room with 13x11x8 (LxWxH) - with a cement wall on one long side, dry wall with double doors on the other long side......window sliding door and window panes on the short wall with dry wall and a single door for the other side across the windows.
Out of all these surfaces, i'm finding the cement wall to have the best results (though far from perfect) with them facing the cement long wall.
Not sure if this is my ears? or because the cement wall is acting as a decent absorber compared to the other surfaces?
I also made things worst by adding bass traps and early reflections with soundblocks absorbers from GIK acoustics.
Yes, please make more. Clearly a complicated subject but I have learned a lot. And, it is easier to calculate my listening area /speaker placement relationship when I can unserstand more about how sound waves and the brain react together. Also I very much like your presentation and thoughtful answers. Thank you.
Best video about this subject ever. If it woulded been a 1hr or 2hr video i would watch the entire thing happily. So sad it was only 20mins thou.
This was highly useful and nice!! Please offer more of these subjects. Tks
Good to hear a speaker designer's advice.
Diffusion at the first reflection point is now widely recommended, if the difference in distance (direct vs reflected) is less than 6ft/1800mm (3ms).
Fix the room before upgrading equipment!
🎶🤫🎶
Intelligent, educational and well explained. This, for me was priceless. Thank you.
“I find it helpful to think of reflections as mono or stereo, in the manner of Manfred Schroeder when he performed his analysis of concert hall acoustics and confirmed the importance of lateral reflections.
Sidewall reflections are ‘stereo’ because they arrive at the ears from wider angles than the loudspeakers, so they increase interaural disparity (hence spaciousness). All other room first-order reflections (floor, ceiling, back wall, front wall) are ‘mono’ because they arrive at the ears at narrower angles than the loudspeakers and so reduce interaural disparity.
I’m not a fan of quelling side-wall reflections as you are, but if you do it then it’s essential not to mess with the spectrum of the reflection. Simple absorbers are bad news because they are more effective at treble frequencies than lower frequencies, so the spectral disparity between direct and reflected sound is increased, as if the reflected sound came from further off-axis. Why do speakers usually sound better pointed straight down the room? Because this results in smaller disparity than if the speakers are toed-in."
This is really helpful, thanks for taking the time to record and post
Excellent video.
Extreme near field is how I grew up. We used to cram all of our friends in there as well. When I was younger living in tiny homes, I would sit between the speakers on the heavily carpeted floor where I could still crawl over to the controls and stand to work the turntable between records.
Now I use a supersized desktop/studio style layout with 12" mains and a pair of subs. It's very head-phonic minus the isolative disruption between the two the skull otherwise inflicts. Add some well practiced, recording dependent, EQ on the fly and I'll never go back to trying to appease an otherwise, non-existent audience. For the uninitiated, the rest of the room still sounds comparatively top notch, to what most people are used to or even care about. In other words, if your audience is tiny, forego trying to design a favorable whole room. Instead, be acoustically selfish.
Have my Harbeth speakers firing square on .No toe in.Sounds amazing.
Surprised and curious why this video didn’t already have 6M views? Anyways … it’s their on lookout. This video truly emphasizes that the science of acoustic engineering should go hand-in-hand for many, who profess to be audiophiles, in choosing high end hifi systems only because they can “afford?” Excellent video! Cheers! 🎼🎶
The reason you hear the boom boom of that car audio going by especially if the windows are all raised is that the SPL in the car changes with the speaker movement and so does the cars body panels. What you are actually hearing is these body panels which have effectively become a car shaped speaker drive unit annoy everyone they drive past.
Lol, exciting information man! Thank youx
Very good talk. Very easy to understand the points he is trying to teach
I measured the distances of my speakers and the 1.5 X from the front to my listening point was 12” short, so I simply moved forward 12” and there was a clear improvement in sound quality! My system, modest though it is, sounds good, but when I redecorate the living room, it will be done with the correct distance measurements of the speakers to ear ’ole ratio 😁. Last week, I thought there was something wrong with the bass from my speakers, but when I checked the rear of them I discovered the cat had knocked the ‘power in ‘ plug loose in the back of my subwoofer 😂😂.
This is a very useful information and it is easy to follow and understand thanks so much.
Just got my P3's..
This vid confirms what I experienced in a near field listening experience.
Thank you!
Cheers,
TS
Impressive and well done presentation. Good questions too. Thanks!
So glad you’ve doing these, great information. 2 Questions.
1. Does the same ratio 1:1.5 apply when using the long wall of a room?
2. Just as there’s a max distance between the speakers, is there a minimum? I’ve read lately about putting speakers closer with less toe-in.
I always see discussions with the speakers facing the long direction of the room. What if the room requires you to have the speakers on the long wall? The side walls will be far away but the space behind the listener very short. This also can produce a strong sound stage image.
th-cam.com/video/a4fHlipaJXw/w-d-xo.html
@@MrZyrenda Thanks - I have found that closer side walls and longer listening position to be the best for music but movies are more forgiving.
@@skipgordon5382 As an experienced audio engineer, I have found that advice to be bullshit.
Your advice is good for reducing the effects room mode especially in a very tiny room. However, the sidewall reflections will negatively affect the soundstage. It's all about finding the best compromise. If you don't have any room mode issues firing down the shorter length of the room, then I would recommend having the speakers firing down the shorter length of the room instead. 😊
@@thatchinaboi1 I am only commenting about the sound I have experienced in my room. It is 4 x 6.5 x 3 meters high. Having speakers on the short wall is magic. The opposite is very bad. No space behind the speakers and listener for me is not good.
First and most important thing is to find the low end sweet spot in your room where your listening position should be. Then comes speaker placement etc. If you sit at the bad place, nothing will fix the sound
how do u find this??
@@joshtonkin7684 Put speaker in the corner and play familiar song. Then move lenght wise (center)in your room. Where bass is the most balanced there is your listening position
The John Madden of speakers great work
And you didn't do any more of this videos. Such a shame. It was great, I could listen to A.S for hours.
Hi there, thank you for the comment. We will be planning more videos like this in the near-future. Watch this space!
Thankyou for your insight makes a lot of sense, you have helped me overcome some problems that I had setting up my home theater system keep up the great work :)
Very informative and helpful. Appreciate your time and effort. Thank you!
i think the first couple of minutes sums up the room situation as in most people don't have the luxury of conditioning their listening space , so it's a non issue .
it's easier to condition the listener than it is the room
OR you can adopt my scientific method known as the ' Overwhelm the room Method ' .
this is very simple . Buy the biggest speakers you can afford , plop them down in whatever space is available , add a high quality and powerful amp and blast away .😂
It was such a pleasant surprise to hear the 2/3 ratio between speakers and listener. I leaned that 50 years ago. And for you to address listening connected to amount of processing needed in the brain. How much more relaxing it is the less the brain has to process. One of my reasons for analog/ vinyl being superior. With digital the brain has to do some anti-aliasing, some filtering, work harder. And the only center channel I recall from back in the day was Klipsch. With their corner horns having to be in corners, you could not keep the 2/3 ratio. So the center was sonically a hole. So Paul Klipsch came up with a center channel speaker as a fill. The idea was actually considered heresy in the stereo industry. So guess what he called that speaker? The Heresy.
@Glenn Curry I'm afraid you have a fundamental misunderstanding of how digital audio works. The brain doesn't have to work harder using a digital audio signal. Everything is converted back to analog at the final stage.
Any modern home theatre receiver is capable of rendering a center channel with a physical center speaker. I will typically set my receiver into Dolby Pro Logic mode when playing back a stereo album.
Depending on the way an album is mixed for stereo, having material that has a heavy middle presence can be a bit annoying or at the very least, audibly boring. Pure mono content benefits by having two speakers involved instead of one. (Of course, prior to the invention of stereophonic sound, everyone listened to music with only one speaker.)
What digital audio has provided the listener with is the ability to hear music in 5 or 7.1 surround sound. Along with the added channels is the ability to clearly set the soundstage and bring out the clarity and dynamics of all instruments in the recordings. You haven't truly heard albums like Pink Floyd's "Dark Side of the Moon" until you've heard it in surround sound. The stereo version is comparatively dull and lifeless.
@@n.miller907 I guess my degree in electronics, having been a member of the Audio Engineering Society.. a Rep for products like Marantz, AR, AT, Sony, ... when digital was first being developed. Living in Nashville and selling to studios, Opryland, ... meeting and discussing digital with Thomas Stockham (Soundstream), Sony, JVC and Philips engineers ... came in 2nd place for position as National Service Manager for Studer/ Revox ...ran a regional Kenwood repair center, ... fix and design my own amps, ... explains my "fundamental misunderstanding of how digital audio works."
There was actually a study done (by Absolute Sound I believe) when digital was first coming out that showed a higher level of anxiety based on galvanic skin response while listening to digital than analog.
Yes all kinds of digital processing magic can invent sounds not on the recording to impress. I use a 4.1 soundbar system for multimedia. But when I want to hear a musical performance I don't want to invent sounds. I want to hear what was actually there originally as accurately as possible. But then I have a very highly resolving analog stereo system. Not a dull and lifeless one.
Hi I am from India.
It's great information about the room size and speaker position.
Please guide about the sound power 725w in 175sq feet room.
Excellent video. Just one topic left to cover I'd say... the bass response. The high end was covered in this video with the toe in solution. What about the bass, which I think is the most difficult part of any room setup.
Thank you in advance
Hi A B
Thank you for commenting.
We can schedule the topic of bass for a future video :)
What if I have my room dedicated only for audio and video, acoustically. I have absorption from the walls. So I think I shouldn't sepárate the speakers too much from the walls.
What do you think? I think it sounds better 30cm from the walls.
What a great presentation!!!👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻
I am happy that your channel found me.
I am in process of setting up my entertainment room that has dimensions: 11’x17’x9.5’.
TV and the LCR speakers would be located in the middle of the 17’ wall.
I intuitively decided to place front speakers of my surround system separated apart and tilt toward me sitting in the center of 17’ wall at the distance of 10’ from the center speaker and TV.
When presenter was ready to name the maximum distance between front Ł and R speakers, the moderator interrupted him, which made me a little upset; I was getting educated, but now I am missing this valuable information.
I am planing to place this 2 bookshelf speakers at the distance of 15’ one from the other under the ceiling 6” from the wall and tilted towards the center of the couch at the opposite wall.
Could you please finish your thoughts and provide us with the missing information you did not have the opportunity to convey to us.
Thank you!!!
PS I subscribed to your channel to learn more, because I watched many videos on TH-cam, but non made a presentation as precise and clear as you did.
Thank you from all of us!!!
Seems that a lot of concern about direct sound is moot as any live listening experience will have some direct and more reflected sound. Ain't this what we want in a home system?? As close to the live experience as possible?? I'm also not a fan of the "sweet spot" logic. The sound should be well dispersed throughout the listening room. That includes toeing in/out speakers. Good systems will have a wide dispersion pattern without the need of toeing (or tilting). Stereo imaging (with better speakers) should be perceived off axis almost as good as on axis. I agree that too close placement will lose the imaging ability but the "hole in the middle" concept is real and can be a problem.
A larger problem for speaker placement would be, I think, the the existence of standing waves and room nodes which has to do with wavelengths and room dimensions. That can be a nightmare for good sound. Really informative, interesting and practical advice here, very lucid. Still though, don't be afraid to try different speaker setups. Where the music sounds best might not be a feasible speaker location, my wife will attest to that.
we want more direct sound because whatever is on that recording we are listening to is getting lost with the room acoustics in our room. IT's not only reflected sound blurring the music, but it's also modal pressures causing problems..
The whole idea is being able to hear as much of that original recording as we can without being harmed by the acoustics of our room, speaker placement, listening position and the problems that arise from those being done incorrectly or not at all.
Here's a picture of about the most optimal room, the problem is, most people can't afford the room. :-)
www.acousticfields.com/state-of-the-art-acoustics/. In that room, all of the low frequency, mid/high frequency absorption is built into the walls, so it doesn't look like it's there. The diffusion is obviously the only thing that you really see.
@@Oneness100, well said. That's why I prefer to do most listening thru headphones. You get everything on the recordings without interference by room acoustics (ie; standing waves and nodes) and no hassle with speaker placement. Besides, not everyone can have an "anechoic chamber" for a listening room. My headphone choices are my Koss Pro4X and AKG K-40's. Guess I'm old school.
@@martyjewell5683 I've been in rooms that were properly treated. Unfortunately, few people get to have that experience.
I don't like headphones because I don't want something over my ears, especially for long periods of time.
@@Oneness100, I too have been in "sound rooms" and it's an eye opening experience. I tend to agree about the comfort status of headphones. I remember the Koss triple A's were like c-clamps on my head. The AKG K-40's are very light (a few ounces) and are extremely comfortable for hours of wear. Considering their price of $18 and age, almost 39 years old they have better than adequate sound and are handy while the wife is working from home and I can't "blast" the hifi.
As you say, few people get to have treated listening rooms and must make due with homes and apartments "as is".
@@martyjewell5683 I used to have the Koss HV-1A's, the Sennheiser HD-414's, and the 424's. And then much later I bought a pair of the HD-280 Pros. I remember the old Koss that were big and heavy. I never liked those to wear..
I recently bought a pair of the Apple AirPod Pros and I was actually surprised at their sound quality and they fit pretty well too.
Really good stuff from a clear master...
But how about live performances, when you are listening to real voice in the room singing, the sound is reflecting the walls the same way as per your drawing when sound is coming from speakers. Hence that means - to simulate real performance you need sound with reflections, and if you will eliminate reflections you will get different experience from Live performance??? Unless the room where performance was happening was treated...
What a brilliant video
Excellent discussion!
I've long considered the room to be the most important component in the system, so this will give me some definite ideas of things to try to manipulate the environment.
Would like to know, is there value in having highly non-reflective barriers around the back and sides of the speakers?
Very interesting and informative. Thank you! 🎵
So....pretty much every room ruins the sound, just that some rooms are worse than others?
Hi, I followed these guidelines by I'm no expert, if I briefly explain could you please advise. I'm using Cyrus 781's on Atacama HMS 1's. There is a bedroom, the left speaker has the sidewall and back wall, the right speaker only has the back wall to bounce the sound as to the right is the doorway. I put them 1.8 metres apart. Distance to the listener will be 2.8 metres. I'm sure they could be better, but they do sound better now. Any additional advice will be much appreciated! Thank you.
If you only have a pair of speakers, where would you place them in a room approx. 25' x 30' where people will be sitting against the walls on all sides?
but...what about if you need to setup on the LONG wall?
Buy a new house
Thanks. Please post more.
owning the 5's the 7's and 30's I can assure you they take time to 'bun in and open up ' - my favorite rig is a Benchmark DAC1 with a NAC source and/or Mac - a Cray Haflet HA75 with Telefunken EC88's from Kenny at Upscale Audio and a Creek Destiny 2 with some power conditioning .... Ab Fab - cray Holographics for Everything But the Girl - Alice in Chains Unplugged - Karen Carpenter .......
When reading or watching information on speaker positioning they always do it with the room the same way around.
what if one side of the room is open? for instance, no wall along the Left side
Excellent explanation , , but I have an alcove I can not avoid
Very informative. Thanks
My listening room is in my bedroom so there is very little room to move anything. The bed in the middle of the room does a good job soaking up reflections.
Speaker placement. You ask 10 different, so say, experts, you’ll likely get 10 opposing opinions. This video quotes a ratio of 1 To 1.5 whilst I’ve also heard quoted 1 to .83 and 1 to 1. Other commonly used figures are the one third rule and the 1 fifth to 4 fifths rule.
Audiophiles talk of replicating the live performance in their own listening environment. This video talks of a wall of sound, a tangible soundstage. That doesn’t exist in a live performance, except perhaps in an intimate Jaz lounge.
Imagine, if you will, a rock band. Centre stage is the vocalist. To his right the lead guitarist. To the vocalists left, the rhythm guitarist. Behind the vocalist, the keyboard player. In the far right corner the drummer. In the far left corner the bass player. A saxophonist stands to the right of the bass player. A good production team can do a reasonable job of capturing this soundstage and the instrumentalists placement, in the recording by altering the time difference between the right and left speaker. But, at the live performance each musician is individually miked to speakers on stage, at the rear of the hall, along the side walls and even in the ceiling. This destroys that wall of sound. What you hear in your listening environment will not accurately replicate what the concert goer witnessed.
I once heard a TH-cam reviewer, reviewing a pair of speakers. He said he could clearly hear the female vocalist swaying from side to side. No, he couldn’t. She was singing into a Mike connected to static speakers. What he probably heard was the production team adjusting the right, left faders.
Once you accept the fact that what you are hearing from your hifi at home, is fake, an illusion cleverly created by that recording team, then you will have a better understanding of what to expect from your home system.
Personally. My hifi has to fight for it’s right to be in our family 17 by 19 feet lounge. The front baffle of my speakers is 35 inches from the wall behind them. My listening position is 35 inches from the wall behind me. The distance between the centre of the left and right tweeter is 102 inches. The distance from my listening position to the central point between the speakers is 132 inches. Which gives a ratio of 1 to 1.29 almost fits the one fifth to four fifths rule, but that is by chance, not design. It’s not ideal. It’s a combination of my version of good audio physics and my wife’s concept of pleasing aesthetics. With major compromises on both sides. Anyways, it works, I do sit back with n aged, single malt and enjoy well reproduced music. Yes, in a perfect world, it could doubtless be tweaked to sound a lot better, but that perfect world doesn’t exist.
Most of all, enjoy the music.
Trying to position my speakers I ended up rotating the triangle in the room. That means, no speaker-wall-distance is the same and the line connecting the speakers is not parallel to the back wall.
My Wife insists that I hide my Mordaunt Short Avant 906 3 way floor mounted speakers behind the TV, which is on a low open backed credenza shelf drawer set in one corner, and at the end of the couch in the other. So I got a flat screen TV blocking the right channel and a bloody 3 seater couch blocking the left! the tweeter is above the couch but the TV is in the way of the whole right hand speaker. What can I do to improve sound quality? And don't say get rid of the Wife!
Get rid of the couch and T.V.
Keep the wife
Brilliant. Thank you.
I put my speakers on the floor close to the wall and I get good base and high since the focus of energy is all in the front, sounds more solid (or whole). In my observation unless it’s a big and high powered speakers the best spot is on the floor close to the wall.
Very interesting video. One question: what about placing speakers as close as possible to the front wall, could it be a good solution or not? Thanks.
Speakers sound better away from all walls (less muddiness) I have front ported speakers which means if needed they could be placed nearer to the front wall but after experimenting not only do my stereo speakers sound better away from the front wall, they also sound better placed further apart! Mind you it was only after I placed an acoustic panel to accommodate the first reflection coming from my left stereo speaker that it all truly came together! 🥳
If interested one can view/hear within this 3-minute short video...
th-cam.com/video/xvdqI5qZa6g/w-d-xo.html
Excellent video, very informative. I'm in the process of rediscovering sounds, realy beautiful speakers, will be investing in the not so distant future. A question have you a centre speaker in the future pipeline?
When you toe in the speakers, you have a reflective wall(s) and based on your ratio of 1:1.5, where should the speaker's drivers pass? I was told that from direct line of site, they should pass over each shoulder but then others have said that they should meet just in front of you? What do you suggest?
The thing to do is experiment. Which configuration results in the most pleasing result? Unless your speakers are given to terminal beaming, a slight difference shouldn't matter much. But the proof is in the pudding, as they say.
Trial and error , story of my life Lol
Great stuff!
this is just gold
What about speaker distance from front wall?!
Well done guys
if Alan Shaw thinks a center speaker is essential, why doesn't Harbeth still have one?
What effect does phase have on all this? I have a feeling that W1 and W2 sounds, having been reflected once, will be in phase with each other but out of phase with the sounds going direct from speaker to listener. Does that help the listener's brain to weed out the unwanted, reflected sounds or make it even harder for him to perceive the various "solid" locations in the stereo image?
The reflected sound waves have to be out of phase with the same wave taking the shorter direct path to the listeners ear but this surely in effect appears as an echo and while it indicates the limitations of the listening room in the case of a replayed live recording it also conveys the parameters or boundary walls of the original recording space so really messy.
If you just want an accurate reproduction of studio recorded material listen with headphones, if you want to recreate the excitement of a live performance or recreate an imagined live event then load the room up with some fairly hefty drivers and appreciate the effort or lack of taken by the recording engineer.
In my experience , if we have a live band in our room , the room will interfere with the output of the band , so what we hear will be inclusive of all reflection . If you have even been to a live gig and you are anything like me , the front row is the last place you want to be . Speaker placement has no rules . My art stiletto 6 speakers want to be as far apart as they can be regardless of room and distance to the listening seat , my ls3/5a can be near field or far away , close together or far apart and are consistent in performance . Toe in has an effect with both speakers but less so with the ls3/5a . I do appreciate these videos but they are also worthless unless they are targeted at a specific speaker .
Muy útil. Gracias!!!
Anyone know where to find the recording he refers to “what is a good recorded soundtrack” ?
No idea
I find Diana Krall Wallflower and Dire Straits first release both well done. Pink Floyd's Wish You Were Here fits the bill as well.
Your explanation and visual drawing aids are very concise and easily understood.
May I submit a suggestion,, Many of us have a room/area that isn't a rectangle but of an open floor plan. One area flows into another if you will. Could you explain possible solutions for that?
what about the reflection off the rear wall? I've seen lots of rooms where people are sitting right up against the rear wall.
It's not usually an issue due to distance. 😊
Rear reflections will emphasize bass at the listening position if it is very close to the back wall. That could be a good or a bad thing depending on the frequency response.
In terms of high and mid frequencies, the timing between the reflected sound and the direct sound is far apart enough to not affect the listening window frequency response.
Really helpful, thanks!
1:1.6 is golden ratio.. what a coincidence,
Nice work!
Thank you. It is truly appreciated.
I think if anyone at home cares anywhere this much about the one seat this works for they should definitely just buy headphones
The ideal listening positions will always land at: 32.8%, 39.6%, 45.8% based on the room modes of the 1st to 7th harmonic nulls. For smaller length rooms your listening position will be ideally land at 45.8%. Listening positions for medium length rooms will be 39.6% and listening positions for longer rooms will land at 32.8%. Mathematically at 32.8%, 39.6%, 45.8% will always be your ideal listing positions between room modes.
Can you elaborate how you came up with these numbers?
@@56ctconger Sure. It's based on Room Modes:
1st Harmonic Null = 50%
2nd Harmonic Null = 25%, 75%
3rd Harmonic Null = 16.7%, 50%, 83.3%
4th Harmonic Null = 12.5%, 37.5%, 62.5%, 87.5%
5th Harmonic Null = 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%
6th Harmonic Null = 8.3%, 25%, 41.7%, 58.3%, 75%, 91.7%
7th Harmonic Null = 7.1%, 21.4%, 35.7%, 50%, 64.3%, 78.6%, 92.9%
In a smaller length room, the listening position will fall in between the 1st (50%) null and 6th (41.7%) null at (50+41.7/2 = 45.8%). In a medium-length room, the listening position will fall in between the 4th (37.5%) null and 6th (41.7%) null at (37.5+41.7/2 = 39.6%). In a larger length room, the listening position will fall in between the 5th (30%) null and the 7th (35.7%) null at (30+35.7/2 = 32.8%). You want your listening position to land in between a null and not right on a null.
thank you
Most excellent
Toe in gives better details
Nice vid.
Which only goes to show that there is no rule of thumb. This gentleman's "one to one and a half" ratio is radically different from Jim Smith's "83%" .
makes a vid about sound and has sound so low you cant hear it
One of the most effective ways of recreating an imaginary sound field is to hide the speakers behind an acoustically transparent curtain as the visual lock on where sound is emerging from is very powerful.
I have 26 x12 x16 room . What size speaker should i use ?
Two speaker, mono - worth exploring.
He forgot the height of the speaker stand
This guy sounds just like "Sctanley" with a "c" from Couples Retreat.
He sounds just like Peter serafinowicz
I've got a nightmare of a livingroom. It's L shaped with left speaker 3ft from wall, right speaker is 14ft to door. Then wide open plus 9ft ceilings.
Same i live in a high rise . Such a PITA to set up monitors properly
Totally commiserate! … wish I learned more of the science in acoustic engineering before I was emotionally hooked by marketing charlatans early in my own journey. But eventually came to my own realization that focusing merely on the “high end gears” without the science can be totally foolish and lead to confusion why we can’t get the optimum quality we have unwittingly paid for (as other too came to realize) … read my lips … it’s the room and speaker placement you … Truly an audiophile’s continuous journey that one never truly arrives “if” the science is neglected. Cheers! 🙏
Buy a screen to box it off.
Exvelent 🎉
I MOVED MY SPEAKERS 3 FEET FROM THE BACK WALL AND THEN I MOVED THEM RIGHT UP AGAINST THE WALL AND IN BOTH CASES NICLELBACK STILL SUCKS !!
The distance between the speakers and the distance from each speaker to the listener should be equal. Period. 1-to-1. An equilateral triangle. This never changes by room. And the room dictates placement of ideal listening positioning, as determined by nodes/standing bass waves. This is not a subjective thing. There are several other false/incorrect statements made here, but I won’t let myself sound like a troll, and parse them out, but suffice to say there are further untrue declarations made. But a 1:1.5 ratio, distance between speakers to distance from each speaker to listener? Absolutely false. I say this based on science, not subjective perception or preference, nor some alternate theory. This is established, measured acoustic science. The distance between speakers, and the distance between speakers and listener, to the sweet spot, should ALWAYS be equal, forming an equilateral triangle, without exception. Period. And the location of the listener should be the spot on what is typically a perpendicular pathway bisecting the front wall where the bass response is the most balanced and natural. Again, period. How far the listener’s position is from the from the front wall should be based on this. And, although practically try, for the most part, bass frequencies transmitted from studio speakers, whether two-way or three-way, or a subwoofer(s), are not the same in the way you depicted in this video. It is more subtle, but in no way “the same” in those circled areas.
Point
Your absolute statements of using “Period.” dilutes the credibility of your argument. Because you are not arguing, only stating your own “facts.”
You sound like Stephen Merchant
#reflectedsoundsmatter
This may be true, but you'd need the ears of a bat in order for it to be significant or to be worth fretting over.
Dosen't Elon Musk what to put electrodes in our brains 🧠.
bad audio
I just say when you guys learn how to build a proper speaker perhaps you can give advice!