European languages comparison - Body parts
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 8 มี.ค. 2023
- All (or most) European Languages compared just for fun.
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Comparison of European Languages through vocabulary.
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/ the_language_wolf - บันเทิง
In Russian foot is stopa 🦶!
Leg is noga 🦵
Same in polish
''Нога'' in Bulgarian is old-fashioned, nowadays we use ''крак.'' Also foot is ''стъпало.''
@@JustforFun132a.k.aNickjackHero окорок or окорочка is a leg of a chicken
@@SB-fw3yr ''крачé'' is small leg or leg of a table, or if you change to ''крáче'' it means a person makes a step (mostly for child and animal this form). And ''крачка'' or ''стъпка'' means ''step.''
Also ''крака'' depends how it's pronounced it can mean:
1. if A at the end is pronounced like ''A'' it means ''legs''
2. If A at the end is pronounced like ''Ъ'' means ''the leg'' but when it's not the subject.
@@JustforFun132a.k.aNickjackHero It still exists in certain Bulgarian dialects, im half Bulgarian and i remember when i was younger my family went to a trip to Pernik and i noticed some people where using the word ''Noga'' instead of ''krak''. Could've just been Serbian influence though since it was close to the Serbian border.
4:05 In russian, the eye has 2 forms - глаз and око, the first form is most often used and the second is considered obsolete. However, the word glasses (очки) originated from the second form. At the same time, the word glasses is consonant with russian глаз (eye).
Oko is a remnant from from Church Slavonic, other two known for Russians but rarelly used are perst for finger and usta for mouth.
@@fidenemini111 No. In the Old Russian language there is no word глаз, but there is a word око. The word глаз in modern Russian appeared in the 16th-17th century. From the word око in modern Russian, the words remained: очки (glasses), очевидно (obviously), очевидец (an eyewitness), воочию (with my own eyes). In addition, the word око, очи was widely used in poetry, for example in the well-known song Очи черные (Ochi Chernyie, Dark eyes).
по старорусски -око.
@@fidenemini111 "Очи черные" - в церкви не поют )))
@@5oa8in2wrпричем песня относительно новая
In Polish szyja means rather the front and sides of the body part which head is on, and the back of szyja is kark, so both terms - szyja and kark refer to the part between chest and head.
I thought the title said “European body parts” 😂
The European species is known to have some unique body parts, including a...wait for it...hand..(🙀🙀🙀)
Ouzhouren hat many partes, includiens, diao et bi.
Like the boot
*Same lul*
🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼
So impressive to see Romanian language preserving so many Latin words in a sea of slavs :) Inima is also latin, comes from anima (heart).
In opposit, so many slavic words in romanic "sea".
inima/anima as heart? lol!
@@Renuntius_BRICSfor most of the Slavic words we have a Latin synonym. And yes,inima comes from the Latin anima-life,soul,breath etc
@@Ge0rGi. I know, but alinc3491 wrote “heart” and this is not correct! Also he wrote “latin words” in slavic, and that’s not correct too!!
So You are right, that most of latin words have slavic synonyms! Slavic languages are the oldest in Europe, e.g. Vincovci culture! DNA can’t lie!
La más antigua es la lengua vasca, "euskera" es una lengua preindoeuropea muy rara misteriosa y preciosa.
@@Edu-yv3yy Es verdad, que la Euskera es también bastante vieja, pero la basa eslava existe desde hace 8-11.000 anos (en Europa!). Y más, DNA Euskera es solo maternel, paternal es igual que francesa.
Long long time ago, ancestors of Hungarians from the Urals and Siberia got lost in the middle of Europe. 😅
Aromanian language:
Hair - Péru
Neck - Gúshi/Zvércâ
Hand - Mânâ
Tooth - Dínti
Lung - Pâlmúnâ/Pâlmúni
Finger - Dzeáditu
Heart - Inimâ
Head - Cápu
Eye - Óclju
Arm - Brátsu
Leg - Cicióru
Mouth - Gúrâ
Nose - Nári
Toe - Dzeáditu njicu
Beard - Bárbâ
Foot - Pâlmútsâ/Patúnâ
Peru it's a country
@@Igorex888 very funny, I tried to laugh xd
"Peru" it's "Hair" and if we articulate it we say "Perlu"
Nari supposed to be for nostril like in Romanian ,nara'/ nostril.
@@nestingherit7012 It's from Latin.
Peruk means wig in turkish
I am amazed by those languages that are completely different from anything else. Well done Hungary, for being so in the middle of a bunch of countries and still having your very own, unique language. Truly special!
Pentru că Ungurii sunt migratori , au ajuns din zona Munților Altai în Europa . O situație similară o au , Finlanda și Estonia .
Au ajuns relativ târziu în Europa ...
They are not completely isolated. Hungary was occupied by the Ottomans for 300 years, so Hungarian is influenced by Turkish and a little bit by German and French.
The only original language that has remained in Europe and has not been influenced by any other is Basque (between Spain and France)
@@inotoni6148 Basques is tiny and never was an autonomous state. I think that's very different from Hungary. But I get your point that there were some influences.
Hungarian (as well as Finnish and Estonian) belong to Ural Family, no Indo-European.
@@alexandramardale4743 nu, uralicii sunt în Europa de atâta timp cât indo-europenii, cel puțin cei din ramura fineză.
Slovak word for neck is not only krk, but also šija and Czech use also word brada for beard depends on cut. Slovak word for foot is not noha (leg), but chodidlo.
Czech also uses the word “šíje” for neck but it’s the back side of the neck, whereas the front side of the neck would be “hrdlo”.
“Brada” in Czech means chin, and in archaic Czech it could mean a beard. We still use the term “bradka” for the goatee trim.
Also in Czech the word “noha” could be applied for both the leg and the foot, but where the distinction matters the word “chodidlo” is used for the foot. Normal people will causally use “noha” for foot, but a general practicioner would use “chodidlo”.
@@JTM1809n Poland we use word 'kark' to describe back part of the neck 😂
Also 'chodidlo' sounds quite funny cause chodzić means 'walking' in Polish
@@GrzegorzKent Chodidlo also sounds very funny in Russian (like some kind of slang that kids nowadays made up) 😂
@@GrzegorzKent And that is a reason why chodidlo. ... "Chodidlo" is a part of body which allows us to "chodit".
Krk isn't šija! In front X rear part. The same in German Hals X Nacken.
Hungarians really from an other galaxy! 😅❤
literally they are form very far from europe, I think Siberia
MAG-yar=ENKI 🌌🌞! Indo-europa=S-ENKI! 😭🌍 Mind-ENKI...@@gooddude1445
Albanian too 🇦🇱
In Romanian for "heart" we also have "cord" but is more scientific word.
For "leg" we say "picior". "Gamba" is the part of the leg from knee to foot.
Picior - also derived from Latin "pedunculus"
Pisior in Polish... -d*ck 🤣
@@Chris-ki2dx we have a say in Romanian that the d*ck is the 3rd leg 🤣
О ноге: противопоставление слов "нога" и "стопа" относительно: слово "стопа" у нас тоже используется (опорная, нижняя часть ноги). Есть и соответствие англ. слову "leg": "ляжка" (отсюда "лягаться" -- бить ногами)).
Ну а "сердце" и его романские, германские и греческий родичи явно формы одного корня.
The word "foot" is "stopa" in Russian or "stupnya" and not "noga".
And the old word for "eye" in Russian was "oko".
Ochi also mean Glaza
@@TakerAMD right.Oko is singular and ochi is plural.
@@violinistarusa Where to get the word ,,glaz'' if af all Slavic languages have ,,Oko''?
@@pawezielinski2781 where English got the word glasses and why is it glasses?
I'm old Russian we also have the word Oko and you know it well, zipso
How angry russians... You don't have, you just like to use old Ukrainian words trying to steal their history.
Among the Western and Southern Slavs, many words have Old Slavonic roots, while the Eastern Slavs partially departed from Old Slavonic.
Nevertheless, the Slavs have much more in common than different. We must love each other. Hugs to all from Belarus, friends.
Ещё заметил, что у южных и западных славян доминирует неполногласие, пока у восточных полногласие(например: 3:45 голова, глава)
@@ivan_577 так то в русском также было. Просто в русском языке было ооооооочень много языковых реформ в разное время. И око, пёрст, уста вполне употребляемые аналоги слов глаз, палец и рот. Вот оно богатство русского языка
Slavs you mean people speaking slavic language I hope... On the other hand, why should I love some eastern nations, only because their languages have same origin as mine?
@@AntaurySan you don't have to. We do, because to some of us it just means brotherhood.
@@user-wy1yw2br9i Yeah, we all can even feel the brotherhood of South slavs and now the brotherhood of Eastern Slavs...
I want to state that in Slavic languages we have similar words but sometimes use them in different context, for ex. "Hair" in Bosnian (Serbian, Croatian as well) is "kosa" , but we use the word "vlas" like you find in other Slavic languages just in deifferent meaning, also word "vrat" (neck in English), we have the word "šija" as well , like in nortern Slavic languages.
Also the word "toe" we say palac in Bsonian, and not "prst" (which is "finger")
It's similar in Germanic languages, especially the names of the facial parts in English vs. the other ones.
Perst is also a finger in Russian, palec just being a more modern word for it. The same goes for oko/glaz, usta/rot. However foot is given an incorrect name in Russian in this video - it translates stopa while noga is the entire length of a leg including stopa.
Fascinating! Great vid! On learning that the Norse for beard is "Skegg" I looked up the coastal resort of Skegness and it's named after "The bearded one"!
'Nose' is interesting, because it remained in maybe all Indo-European languages kind of similar (also in Sanskrit with 'Nasa') ...
Respect for the work, but I have my doubts if you fully research everything. Clearly beard in Hungarian and Turkish are almost identical: Szakáll = Sakal
Kyrgyz words ( Kyrgyzstan , central Asia)
Hair - Chach
Eye - Köz
Hand - Kol
Heart - Jürök
Tooth - Tish
Finger - Barmak
Head - Bash
Nose - murun
Toe - Ayak barmagi
Beard - Sakal
Foot - Ayak
Sakal is origin word from central Asia
Yes , Hungarians is asian
Happy to see you back! Nice video. Hope to see more soon!
It's interesting how In Bulgarian lung and liver literally translate to "white fraction" and "black fraction".
its similar in turkish. We call lung "Akciğer - White liver" and liver "Karaciğer- black liver"
3:10 Romanian inima (heart) comes from Latin, too (anima = soul).
Why is Turkey included in this, they're not European 💀
Kyrgyz words ( Kyrgyzstan , central Asia)
Hair - Chach
Eye - Köz
Hand - Kol
Heart - Jürök
Tooth - Tish
Finger - Barmak
Head - Bash
Nose - murun
Toe - Ayak barmagi
Beard - Sakal
Foot - Ayak
in Polish it's more common to use both "ręka" for arm and hand but we do have a seperate word for hand which is "dłoń"
Cambodian is like that.
in Serbian language " ruka"- English "hand", Serbian "rame", ... English "shoulder",... Serbian "dlan",..English"palm".
In Russian there is also such a word, and very similar
Длань/Dłań (If use the Polish alphabet for transcription)
Good point. I have a problem with "arm", "shoulder" - in Polish should it be translated into one word - "ramię"? Well, I have an idea -"shoulder"en = pl "bark".
@@drazantodoric6040 "palm" en - pl "dłoń" or poetic "kiść" ręki/ of a hand
"Kiść" is also like "bunch" of grapes. There is also "garść", but more like 'measure of the volumen - "handful". Although we have also "nadgarstek"- "wrist", which would indicate, that "garść" is like a synonyme to "palm" as well. Complicated.
Why is the Breton Celtic language not shown in France?
And indigenous languages in the European part of Russia? Finno-Ugric, Turkic, Kalmyk (Mongolian), Caucasian and Ossetian (Iranian).
The word pierst is also in Russian, it is an archaic designation of a finger.
And oko; usta.
And the word heart in Slavic, Romance and Germanic languages should be marked with the same color, because it is an Indo-European word of the same root.
KARDia - HEART - SERDce.
Kyrgyz words ( Kyrgyzstan , central Asia)
Hair - Chach
Eye - Köz
Hand - Kol
Heart - Jürök
Tooth - Tish
Finger - Barmak
Head - Bash
Nose - murun
Toe - Ayak barmagi
Beard - Sakal
Foot - Ayak
For several examples, you wrote that the Slavs have different words, but we actually use all those words. For example for hair, Serbs use "kosa" and "vlasi" and for neck we use "vrat" and "šija".
А в русском "kosa" это название причёски.
Yep. Also in Russian we have “stopa” or “stupnya” for feet.
@@user-mv2pr6fl8x For mushrooms, we use "pečurke" or "gljive" ; for years, we use "godine" or "leta"...
The same with "neck" in Polish, my friend. "Szyja" means front neck, "kark", similar to Czech and Slovak "krk" means back of the neck :)
@@isoeteslacustris In Czech we also use both words krk and šíje. Well, we say krk more often, but everyone understands what šíje means.
Maybe a short explanation of how the shown words were selected would be useful. I mean, for instance you used "testa" for the Italian for "head", but a synonim quite frequently used in central-southern Italy is "capo" which is much closer to the Iberian and Rumanian equivalents.
Capo это и есть истинное производное от индоевропейского голова
Capo non lo usa nessuno eccetto in certe specifiche regioni. Testa è molto più comune a livello nazionale.
@@Goldenskies__ Beh, stiamo parlando di svariate regioni, per svariati milioni di parlanti. Nonché di espressioni tipo "a capo chino" e altre in cui "testa" non lo userebbe nessuno. E in ogni caso, la mia osservazione non intendeva dire che "capo" fosse piú comune di "testa": intendevo che se uno prende un termine che significa "testa" in una lingua, uno arbitrariamente in un'altra lingua e cosí via, le somiglianze risultano falsate. Chiunque in Italia capisce termini che assomigliano a "capo" in altre lingue
@@nicolanobili2113 La prima cosa che mi viene in mente quando sento capo è "boss" non testa, ma trovo il tuo commento Interessante. Non avevo idea "capo" fosse usato così tanto. In che regioni? Centro Italia? La mia ignoranza su quelle specifiche regioni potrebbe essere il motivo per cui non ho mai sentito usare "capo" invece di testa. So che nuca e capo sono sinonimi di "testa" ovviamente.
@@Goldenskies__"Nuca" è sinonimo di "testa"? Questa mi giunge nuova. La nuca è la parte posteriore della testa, quella che viene chiamata volgarmente "coppino", non l'intera testa. Per quanto riguarda "capo", stando al dizionario Treccani è comunemente usato col significato di "testa" in Toscana, mentre nelle altre regioni è usato meno spesso, ma è presente. Io non vivo in Toscana, di solito sento "testa", ma ogni tanto lo uso e lo sento, e in espressioni come "a capo (s)coperto" non mi verrebbe mai di usare "testa".
Pretty nice. Good indication of which words were original to the proto-IndoEuropean language when most of the map turns the same color, and how languages then splintered.
As expected, most words are either latin, slavic or germanic. Interesting how the words eye, nose and beard differ from this pattern and are almost the same across the continent.
Sakha (Yakut) is very close to Turkish, although Yakutia is closer to Alaska, than to Europe.
Супруга находясь в Ростове-на-Дону вполне понимала общий смысл разговора местных турок месхитинцев между собою (особенно числительные говорит похожи) :)
P. S. Ураанхай Саха!!!
Привет Республике из столицы Южного Федерального Округа 🤝
Турки просто заблудились и дошли до Греции из Монголии, родина тюркских народов это примерно территория современных Казахстана-Монголии.
In fact word "perst" (finger) can also be used and understood in all those countries where you show "palec", but in these languages it`s an arhaic word. Same with "glaz" (eye) and "oko" - russian song "ochi chernyje" translates as "dark eyes" so words like "oko" and "ochi" are still in use but mostly in poetry. Same with word "usta" in russian - can still be used in poetry or when you say words of love to your woman.
In Serbian,"палац"/"palac" means "thumb"
@@Weeboslav no shit sherlock
@@Weeboslav Do you not have some similiar to the "kciuk" in Polish? We have not a special word the foot fingers, except for the big one - "paluch". And for the palmy ones we have: "kciuk, wskazujący, środkowy, serdeczny, mały.
*Fun fact: kosa means hair in Balkan Slavic languages and in Russian it means “braid”, which is connected with hair (volosy in Russian). The word kosa also has a second meaning in Russian - scythe.*
Также власы это южнославянский корень для волос - восточнославянский корень
in serbo-croatian, kosa also has this second meaning, so it can also mean scythe
Kasta in Hindi, Bangla too. Also something similar in Armenian.
same in ukrainian
Косарь косил, косу носил. Коси, коса, пока роса. Роса долой - косарь домой
The word beard in Hungarian and Turkish is the same root. But you gave them different color
Kyrgyz words ( Kyrgyzstan , central Asia)
Hair - Chach
Eye - Köz
Hand - Kol
Heart - Jürök
Tooth - Tish
Finger - Barmak
Head - Bash
Nose - murun
Toe - Ayak barmagi
Beard - Sakal
Foot - Ayak
Sakal is origin word from central Asia
@@remmyzazata6449 It's a Turkic word
@@furkancamur2527 turkic languages came from Altai ( in old days this land called Kyrgyz Enesey land )
@@furkancamur2527 in central Asia people speak in pure turkic languages than in Turkey. Turkish language and people are mixed with Arabs , Greeks and Persian
Highlighting the biggest differences with my Sardinian:
Finger&Toe - Poddighe (from the latin "pollex", thumb, yet we use it for every finger)
Leg - Anca (from Vulgar Latin "hanca" (hip); for us "camba" means tree branch)
Also unrelated but small mistake for the Italian heart, it's spelled "cuore".
Thanks for the video!
In my sardinian instead the neck is tzugu and many of the words end with i instead of e (pei, cori, ecc...). But the biggest dofference is the eye: ogu
in Slavic, the word Leg - ( legat' - horse kick, ляжка [ˈlʲaʂkə] -thigh) ancient Indian. rējatē "jumps, shakes"
I think that so called Latin POLLEX is a complete BOGUS etymology.
In fact the Sardinian Poddighe is an aglutination of two LATIN words, namely
PODUS+DIGIT = FOOT FINGER aka TOES.
From latin PODUS = FOOT comes also the latin PODIUM and also the Romanian POD = BRIDGE and also Romanian PODEA = FLOORING/DECKING
POD = LEG like also in latin words STABILO+PODUS, OCTO+PODUS, MIRIA+PODUS and CEPHALO+PODUS...all of them refering to animals/being with LEGS!
@@destiaptah2197 Hmmmm.... Interesting. in Slavic languages there is a word PODOSHVA which means "sole" or foundation from which the word POCHVA "soil" comes. in etymological dictionaries it is written that the word is not borrowed. The word is derived from POD "below" SHYT(like shit) "sewing" (shoes)
@@zergiusnibirman3946 PODOSHVA looks more like a bit distorted version of the aglutination coming from:
PODUS + VA which in latin translates as THE FOOT GOES = another word for WALKING/ GOING...but people, at that time, did not used CARS and a HORSE was not for every body, so they used to walk on the SOIL...like we still naturally do!
PODUS = LEG also is a composed word, coming from
PO = Indo European prefix for INFORCEMENT/ ENERGY like in the words POTERE/ POTENT = POWER
+
DUS/DUCERE = TO CARRY in Latin, like in the words CON+DUS, PRO+DUS, RE+DUS, IN+DUS , DE+DUS , A+DUS or SE+DUS
aka
CONDUCT, PRODUCT, REDUCT, INDUCT, DEDUCT, ADUCT, SEDUCT...or VIA+DUCT = VIADUCT
The other Latin word for FOOT aka PEDICULUS comes from the aglutination of:
PE/PER = ON
DI = OF/ FROM / TO aka DI+RECTION
CULUS = which comes not from CULLO = ASS in Italian, but from Latin COLUS/ COLO = PLACE ON SOIL aka LOCATION on SOIL
COLO like in the words MIRA+COLO = MIRACLE, PERI+COLO = DANGER, OBSTA+COLO = OBSTACLE, ARTI+COLO = ARTICLE, VEHI+COLO = VEHICLE ...and PEDICOLO = PEDICULUS = FOOT
or like in the Romanian words:
COLO, ACOLO = THERE...place indication
or DINCOLO = OVERTHERE
Foot in Russsian is "stopa". And those prst, usta, oko exist too but would sound antique or church-like. And Russian pyad' is "foot" too. It is an ancient measure of length.
это старорусские слова.
Никто в России не говорит око , хватит людей путать
@@user-bv7su2gk3b Око за око! "Очи черные".
""Piędź" in Polish is also archaic. And the modern "stopa" is foot. We have "prst" no more, but "usta" and oko" are doing well.
Correction to “toe” in Czech: it should be “palec u nohy”, not “prst u nohy”.
In Czech, prst means a finger (strictly on a hand), whereas palec means both a thumb as well as a toe. The “u nohy” is added for distinction.
Also a foot in Czech is “chodidlo”, whereas “noha” is the word for the entire leg.
In russian you could use palec (палец) and perst (перст) interchangably, while perst is considered rather old fashioned.
Chodidlo! ❤️😂
*laughs in polish*
@@askarufus7939 Why? Would you appreciate if foreigners laughed at Polish words.
@@JTM1809 Yes, absolutely! As long as they find them adorable as I do find the chodidlo! Or anyways, do whatever you please! Czechs and Slovaks are especially welcomed!
@@JTM1809 In Polish, words with a suffix, ,,Idło/adło'', sound very funny, Poles make vulgar and bawdy remakes with this suffix, for example: ,,jebadło'', It is a mocking, but not in the dictionary, definition of vibrator or dildo 🙂
Love the background music!
I had to mute it because it made me sad. I'm sad enough as it is.
The word you used to translate leg is, in fact, the word for calf (gambă).
In Romanian, we only have one word for both leg and foot, and that is "picior".
Given 99% of your comments are people either complaining about or offering alternatives to your word choice, just want to say I love these videos and they're brilliantly done, especially the music selections
You did a good job with Venetan👏👏
What variant did you use?
Heart: romance, germanic, slavic and greek have the same origin "ker(d)"
good video.
People should be aware that in many cases there are alternative words (sometimes of rare use, sometimes older ones etc.) as well which often show common roots. For instance: 'Neck' means in German 'Hals' but you can also use 'Nacken' (which shows the common roots with 'Neck'). I also want always scream if unaware youtuber translate 'Dog' to 'Hund' without recognizing that 'Hound' also exist in English. Similar the situation for the other West Germanic languages: u often have alternatives if you seek for it which are fitting to English or vice versa . In some cases like 'Hand' there are also alternative latin based words in use: for instance the 'man' like in doing things 'manually' or 'manual' etc.
Or "Haupt" is the cognate of "head"
@@nightwish1000 So the Hauptman is the Headman then. How interesting
In Dutch "Ne(c)k" is the back, and hals the front, both are common as they have different meaning. There is also Strot, but that is more akin to English Throat, but a bit archaic and referring more specifically to voice and windpipe.. Dutch also has Kop/Hoofd (Kopf/Haupt) , Mond/Muil (Mund/Maul) etc. and been/poot (leg/paw, beinen/Pfote) distinctions. People and horses have hoofden, mond and benen, others have kop, muil and poten. Calling people with the animal designation ("halts Maul!" or "kop dicht" in Dutch) is supposed to be derogatory, but usually less offensive than it would have been a century ago.
@@MalikMalikin-lb6tk There are more figurative uses for head in many languages, including English. Think like the English expression "head of the family'. In Dutch Opperhoofd (upper or supreme head) is a tribal leader, what in English people would call a "chief".
@@marcovtjev the German would be the Oberhaupt. Although, now that I think of it, I didn't realize that all of these words had head in them. You just use them without thinking and the head part is sort of not part of the meaning anymore. Überhaupt would then be over head. Quite interesting indeed. I wonder how these came to be.
Turks, Hungarians, Albanians, Welsh, Celts and Basques are from another planet... :)
Kyrgyz words ( Kyrgyzstan , central Asia)
Hair - Chach
Eye - Köz
Hand - Kol
Heart - Jürök
Tooth - Tish
Finger - Barmak
Head - Bash
Nose - murun
Toe - Ayak barmagi
Beard - Sakal
Foot - Ayak
well turkic language is also spoken in different countries in middle ASIA…… so not really UNIQUE. , like the others that u have mention above
greetings from Republic of Kosovo 🇦🇱🇦🇱🇽🇰🇽🇰❤️❤️
@@beratmaliqi5445 what?? Turkic languages origin from Altay Siberia , north Asia. Only central Asia, Russia Siberia and Turkey speak in turkic languages but Turkish language from Turkey are not pure turkic language, they are mixed with Greeks and Arabs words
@@remmyzazata6449
yes just read RIGHT my comments.
the Turkic family is NOT unique …..
ALBANIAN, GREEK, HUNGARIAN, BASQUE are unique European Languages
@@beratmaliqi5445 yes I know that Turkish language not unique. You just wrote that in turkic language speak in middle Asia ?🤨 . In middle East Asia live Arabs and they are speak in Arabic. Maybe you want say central Asia but not middle Asia
Wow, been learning Slovak for 17 years almost and this is the first time I've seen the word paža. Also, looking through the comments I see the word chodidlo. Personally, I've been using ruka for hand and arm aswell as noha for leg and foot and I don't remember being correct once. Like, when I've heard phrases like "daj mi svoju ruku" (give me your hand) or "prst na nohe" (digit on the foot = toe), I've just never thought twice about it. I guess "daj mi svoju pažu" and "prst na chodidle" work but just aren't used? Anyway, today I had a real TIL moment. :)
Now, for Faroese, a synonym for munnur is muður. It follows the exact same inflection pattern as munnur except for nominative singular. This is because in Old Norse, munnr would have been subjected to the -nnr > -ðr soundchange which also happened in *mannr > maðr. It's funny that Western Frisian uses mûle, because in Faroese, múli refers to an animal's mouth.
For nose, I think Icelandic should've had a different colour. Nef is cognate with Faroese nev and Danish næb and these two words mean beak or bill on a bird. And yes, after checking, Icelandic nef and Faroese nøs have different etymologies. Icelandic does have nös but it now means nostril.
Foot in Faroese is fótur with the ó instead of o. *fotur doesn't exist. But I am impressed. A video where the only real error about Faroese is a missing accent in one word? That's well done. Kudos.
"Prst" is on the hand, "palec" is on your foot! Yes, in Bratislava dialekt they use prst na nohe :-)
@@Renuntius_BRICS Really? I thought palec meant thumb? So there's difference with that too between standard Slovak and the dialects?
@@weepingscorpion8739 e.g. in Eastslovakia are all “palec/palce” only! Thumb is the big one on Your hand, i.e. “palec”. On your feet there are “palec/palce”. Prsty na nohách is real funny/dialect West.
“Paža” is used if You do exercises. “Chodidlo” is the lowest part touching the ground. Lol, “ruka, noha, prst” are good enough ;-)
Many of South Slvaic words are in East Slavic languages too, but with a slightly different meaning. For example balcan Kosa (hair) is a plait in Russian
В русском есть тоже слово око,только оно является устаревшим архаизм,современное слово глаз чаще употребляется,также ошибка foot-stopa,leg-noga
Да и перст никуда не делся ещё пока
There is a little mistake:
In Polish: ręka = arm, dłoń = hand
Lung is płuco not pluco
dłoń to "palm"
This not correct:
- hand is used as a general expression, and therefore ręka is correct
- arm is ramię
- palm is dłoń
Old russian for hand is dlan`
Would be nice to see the Breton words as well.
There are a lot of other smaller languages all over Europe that he didn't include. It would've been a lot of work doing them all, and he would've also needed a bigger map to show the words.
Hell, it would be even nicer to see loads of local languages in Russia be represented as well. Most of them have a 100 times more speakers than your local Breton.
Pozdrawiam wszystkich Słowian!😉
Tá tuź, brate!
@@tecnein Pozdravi iz Slovenije!🌞
Привет из России)
What is the song at 2:28 called its beautiful?
neck in swedish is nacke, hals is throat. and im 80% sure that its the same in the other nordic/germanic languages 0:35
Standard German uses three words of different origin:
- der Hals (neck)
- das Genick (the upper neck)
- die Kehle (throat, related to Romance descendants of Latin gula)
@@Valerio_the_wandering_sprite ok maby not Germanic languages
Hungarian neck (nyak) and hair (haj) is of german origin, indifferent, what the ugro-finnish language theory says.
In Dutch hals and nek are the same thing, you can use both words.
@@Valerio_the_wandering_sprite
the most relevant are Nacken (back of neck) and Hals (neck generally)
What the name of beautiful music do you use in this video?
Thanks for adding Sicilian as well❤️💛
Heart in Romanian still latin in origin but of different source... from lat. Anima => inima.
0:39 У нас в Беларуси шею называют карком. 4:02 В России также помимо глаза используют и око. 5:32 В русском Уст также иногда используют.
Уста и око - это архаизмы, больше не использующиеся в повседневной речи, фразеологизмы не в счет (око за око), это устойчивые выражения, когда в других славянских языках - это повседневные слова до сих пор
@@user-cf5tn2dc3d В выражениях используется. Я тоже знаю, что не часто это используют, но время от времени люди этими словами пользуются.
@@user-cf5tn2dc3dну по крайней мере пока что очки, а не наглазники))
@@akademikiosif мы говорим про конкретно слово «око-глаз», не затрагивая другие, ибо другие развивались по другому, от того «очки» и сохранились
@@user-cf5tn2dc3dесли они временно ушли в тень,не значит что они не могут вернуться
Very pleasent background music
In Albanian the word 'qime' is for 'thread of hair', and the word for hair is 'flok' both deriving from Vulgar Latin, the phrase 'shputë' does not mean toe instead it means (or better saying the actual meaning or to what the word is addressed is) palm of the hand, or sole of the foot the word for toe in Albanian is not a single word rather words describing the location of the fingers which is 'gishtat e këmbëve' meaning the fingers of the foot, and the word 'këmbë' is for the leg, as for the foot you use the above-mistaken word 'shputë' or you can use the word (which is very rare, and rarely used or almost not used at all and the majority of Albanians don't know this word) rrëzë but the word is more used describing a base, foot (of a tree, hill, mountain), riverbank, edge of a forest, or you can use the word putër but the word is meant to describe the animal paws and not addressing the human foot..!
In Italian we say “cuore” for “heart”, not “coure”
Got to love Basque having a different etymology from everyone else 😀
3:04 I think I remember germanic and romance words for "heart" being all cognates as well, just like "tooth".
Head too. Cognate with Spanish cabeza (and cabo, caudillo...)
The hair in hungarian is "haj" or If it's not on your head, then that would be "szőr".
Heart in Italian is cuore not coure, but anyways good video :)
In Czechia and Slovakia "krk" but in Polish also "szyja" can be "kark".
For neck it doesn't work like that in Slavic languages:
- szyja (polish) is used for neck as a whole
- kark is used only for the rear part of neck between head and back
Serbian " vrat" ,... English "neck"
Serbian "šija" ,... English "rear/back part of neck"...
So, in Serbian "šija" word is used only for the back part of the neck.
But word "šija" is not so common in use because it is old expression for word "vrat".
SERBIAN: prednji deo VRATA je GRLO (GUŠA).
English: the front of the neck is throat.
In the case of Beard, I am quite sure Hungarian "szakáll" and Turkish "sakal" are related.
Yup they are. It comes from proto turkic language
Hungarian szakáll and Turkish sakal both come from ancient turkic sakal, why are they colored differently?
Also it would be nice to include some minority languages in Russia too to get a better picture since Irish and Occitan and Sardinian are also marked.
You are not supposed to see similarities between languages put into entirely different language goups. And that is official😀
Some of the 'similar' words for body parts in Hungarian and Finnish,Estonian etc. are just so artificial, except for 'kéz'.
Mind you, the English 'leg' and 'láb' (Hu), 'neck' and 'nyak', 'hair' and 'haj' are pretty close but it is impossible because they are not approved. Oh, well...
Anyhow, I enjoyed the show.🙂
Yes, szakáll and sakal are cognates.
@@miklosdavid7627 Hungarian neck (nyak), hair (haj) and Ház (house) are of german origin, indifferent, what the ugro-finnish language theory says.
th-cam.com/video/Er1--vdE6KY/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/video/H2xbKlFypc0/w-d-xo.html
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Kyrgyz words
Hair - Chach
Eye - Köz
Hand - Kol
Heart - Jürök
Tooth - Tish
Finger - Barmak
Head - Bash
Nose - murun
Toe - Ayak barmagi
Beard - Sakal
Foot - Ayak
Neck isn't necessarily Hals in the Scandinavian languages. Nakke (allowing for variant spellings) is also a word for it, although used more about the "back ofg the neck", but can be used for the whole neck too.
Same in German, das Genick (the area of the atlas/upper neck).
En français aussi : "nuque".
@@lafamilleerre7733 Same root of Italian "nuca" (from Arabic), though they're false cognates.
Nakke means the back of both the head and the neck.
Hungarian neck (nyak) and hair (haj) is of german origin, indifferent, what the ugro-finnian language theory says.
In Spanish hair is pelo (👍🏻) but also cabello (ka'beyo).
In russian foot also means stopa if we are talking about bottom leg part were we are puting on it a sock and a shoe.
Even though Hungarian looks like a black sheep on these maps our vocabulary also has similarities to a lot of languages (i.e. Turkish and German) because of historical reasons.
1:20 Hungarian is related to Finnish. Hungarian "kéz" looks like Finnish "käsi", which means "hand".
As both are part of the Uralic family the two are related indeed but not so closely as both belong to different sub branches within the same language family.
@@DatBowlingGuy
However, you oversimplify the question in a dilettantish way. I think you have never seriously dealt with the Hungarian language and etymology. You're just trying to be smart.
yes, both arrived from Syberia
@@equilibrum999
Grover S. Krantz (1931-2002), a world-renowned American anthropologist and professor at Washington State University, recognizes in his work "The Geographical Development of European Languages" that Hungarians, who have been treated as Europe's stepchildren until now, are the founders of Europe's culture. According to him, the u.n. "Indo-European languages" developed very late in Europe. That is why 30% of their vocabulary is not of "Indo-European" origin, and there are no "Indo-European" river names on the early maps of Europe.
We are more interested in the following sentence: "...so the Greek language was formed in its current location in 6500 BC, and the Celtic language in Ireland in 3500 BC. The antiquity of the Hungarian language in the Carpathian Basin is similarly surprising; I find that its origins lead to the Mesolithic, preceding the Stone Age."
Furthermore: "At least on one important point, the theory of people's migration is the opposite of the previous theorem. It is generally believed that the Hungarians of the Urals lived in the 9th century. century, they moved into the Carpathian basin from an eastern area. I find that all groups speaking the Uralic language spread from Hungary, in a much earlier age, in the opposite direction."
Grover S. Krantz, The Geographical Formation of European Languages. (Ősi Örökségünk Alapítvány, Budapest, 2000) Original title and publisher of the work: Geographical Development of European Languages Peter Lang Publishing Inc. New York 1988. Translated by: Imre Kálmán
Hungarian neck (nyak) and hair (haj) is of german origin, indifferent, what the ugro-finnish language theory says.
A nice video but one step further would be somehow adding the pronunciation of each word. Many times the pronunciation reveals a relationship between words the written form hides.
And then many times the Sami word should have had the same coloring as its Finnish counterpart as they clearly stem from the same word (sometimes it was only revealed through pronunciation - a native speaker of Finnish here).
Ever notice how all Celtic languages drift to the west? West of France "Brittany" West of Ireland "Gaeltacht" and west of Scotland. Also west of England "Cornish" and Wales of course is west of England.
A lot of Celtic archaeological finds are found in Hungary. Gold items too.
There is a little mistake. In latvian heart is Sirds, not Širds. Without Sh.
And leg is Kāja, not Kāju. Kāju is in genitive.
German Hals or Nacken = English Neck
German Kopf or Haupt = English head
German Bein = English leg or bone, I think bone was the original meaning of Bein
Same in Danish: Nakke, hoved, ben
Swedish: hals/nacken, huvud, ben
Scots in order: fax/hair, craig, haun/luif, tuith, buffs, fingir, hert, heid, ei, airm, laig/shank, mou, neb, tae, berde, fuit (pron: fit)
Spanish also has "cabello" for hair, which is the hair on a human head.
Italian for heart is misspelled; it's "cuore."
I feel like these videos lack some nuance, I personally only speak Dutch, English and German, so I can only commend on those, some of the words stated are not the only words to exist in a language. For Neck Dutch is shown as Nek and German as Hals, but you could also use both those words in either language, one is just more common. Same with Head, Dutch is shown as Hoofd and German as Kopf, but in Dutch you could also say Kop and in German you could say Haupt, though that word doesn't quite mean head anymore, it means like "main-part'
This is an excellent way to understand language families, and how there are only really three major languages in Europe; Germanic, Slavic, and Romance. And sometimes, as with ‘nose’, you are seeing the common Indo-European root language at work.
yu forgeted Uralik linguajes, Turkish ande Bask.
@@juandiegovalverde1982 Euskara (Basque) is not a language family, but an isolate, so there is no correlation to see there. As for Turkish, Türkiye is not part of Europe, so is it not a European language.
@@iVenge Iste Trace bi in Europ.
@@juandiegovalverde1982 hrvatska?
@@iVenge not yu onderstande Ai?
3:03 In Turkish, yürek is correct but most people use kalp rather than yürek, as heart is no longer the primary meaning of it, rather meaning something like will.
Head is in german usually Kopf, but Haupt also exists. Headquarters /Hauptquartier. Beheading: Enthaupten or Köpfen.
Стопа и око есть в русском языке, и вполне употребляемы.
Уста тоже
А также есть вариант слова стопа - ступня, используется чаще, а нога это только вся нога, в этом и заключается ошибка автора, который вместо ступня поставил слово нога, если я сам не ошибаюсь
Уста, коса, длань тоже.
I knew you were gonna use “Kokë” as a translation for “Head”. It is a loanword. The Albanian word for it would be “Krye” which is used mostly by Northern Albanians. We from the South say “Kokë”.
well Krye or Kryt is the northern Gheg dialect spoken in North Albania and Republic of Kosovo.
i actually use both Kryë and Koka 😂😂
@@beratmaliqi5445 yeah. I am from the South. We only use Kokë when we refer to the “Head”. When we say something as: “Shko deri në krye” or something like that we do use it.
Krye e perdor dhe jugu ,Krie , esht toskerishtja pastaj gegnishtja..
@@ylliriaalbania326 Krie përdoret vetëm nga Gjirokastritët. Asnjë në Jug nuk përdor “i” në vend të “y” përveç Gjirokastritëve. Jetoj në Gjirokastër dhe e di si flasin.
@@valley6824 Edhe arbereshet dhe arvanitet ..Te thash esht toskerishtja pastaj gegnishtja .
How tf welsh people come to “GWDDF” for the “neck”? It’s just look like a pressing-riot for the keyboard
2:52 there is a word "perst" in Russian, that means finger or palets. But this word is rarely used
В русском есть перстень.
As a Dane I would have said Neck = Nakke and Throat = Hals, though I might be mistaken.
As a german I agree. Neck = Nacken and Throat = Hals
Throat = strube.
Hungarian neck (nyak) and hair (haj) is of german origin, indifferent, what the ugro-finnish language theory says.
Toe in Estonian is varvas but i will understand if sami man says juolgesuormba, because it sounds like jalasõrm - foot finger.
How about (Northern) Sami numbers? Do you find them similar, too?
1 - okta
2 - guokte
3 - golbma
4 - njeallje
5 - vihtta
6 - guhtta
7 - čieža
8 - gávcci
9 - ovcci
10 - logi
3'14" there's a mistake in the spelling of "heart "in Italian: it is "cuore", not "coure".
Thank you for using Yürek instead of Kalp!
Also Baş instead of Kafa
Foot in hungarian is lábfej, not láb. Láb is equal to leg. But anyways, good video!
from 6250 years ago, klabbi= foot. But only dialect/funny meaning.
5:02 alguien sabe por qué en español y portugués decimos pierna y el resto de idiomas romances dicen "chamba" o "gamba"
Não sei porque outros as usam,mas a palavra Perna é Latina....Acabei de ver em meu Dicionário Latino-Portugues e ,definitivamente se refere ao que conhecemos.
Em Portugues e Galego,é Perna e não Pierna
in Bulgarian врат “vrat” and шия “shiya” mean the same thing - neck. In Bulgarian this is an example of saying the same thing with different words and we have the saying “Not vrat but shiya” which means exactly this.
I just remembered that there is also a 3rd word for “neck” in Bulgarian - гуша (gusha) but it’s hardly used anymore.
WOW, who would have thought that we have so much words for the same thing in Bulgarian.
The same saying and the same words exist in Serbian. Even the illness you get if you have low level of Iodine is called gušavost
In Sinhala language from the other side of the world
Hair- kes/Kesha
Neck- Gela
Hand- Hasthe/Atha
Tooth- Datha/Dantha
Lungs- Penahalu
Finger- Angili
Heart- Harde/Hadawatha
Head- Oluva/Hisa
Eyes- Aes
Mouth- Mukaya
Nose- Nasaya/Nahaya
Beard- Reula
Feet- Pada
Other word for hair in Finnish is tukka
Fun fact: In romanian whe say "picior" at leg and "gamba" at shank.
Spreche 5 Sprachen.. In slawischen Bereich ist es sogar noch ähnlicher als hier gezeigt. Manchmal ist einfach ein wort auch möglich, aber das weniger gebräuchliche.
The colors are sometimes wrong. For example, German "Fuß" and Italian "piede" (foot) clearly have very different roots, but are both colored red
Actually you're wrong, they're cognates, the unvoiced p, t, k, in IE (and Romance & Greek) become f, d, h, in German (f, th, h in English) per Grimm's Law
@@apmoy70 You're right, my apologies
There are two ways of saying 'toe' in French: one is Doigt de pied (literally something like feet finger), the other is orteil (similar to Occitan Artelh)
In Spanish 'artejo' means 'knuckle'.
4:20 Actually we have "Oko" in Russian. But it's not that used.
и уста
@@an0nycatи перст
@@akademikiosifнаПЕРСТок(чник) даже используется!
There is a mistake in neck for Poland. Szyja can be used interchangeably with Kark.(Czech KrK). Another mistake is for hand. In Czech and Slovak it can be ruka as well.
2:28 What's the title of this song?