hi just want to add.. My professor said that glycerol-3 phosphate shuttle is mainly occurs in muscle, while malate aspartate shuttle is for brain and heart..
What this means, is that the NADH/NAD will essentially still be in the cytosol and not in the matrix. And so this NADH/NAD can be used again in glycolysis, and the process continues. I hope this makes sense.
Fantastic video and explanation! Came to understand the malate/aspartate shuttle and also got a brief refresh to the electron transport chain. Bravo! :)
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate and Glycerol-3-Phosphate structures are backwards, but the names are in the correct spots. Awesome video! Helped me understand it a lot better. Thank you
well if you are talking about which gets the most ATP, then yes the latter is much more better. But the thing is, not all NADH in the matrix is used for oxidative phosphorylation, there are so many other redox reaction occurring in the matrix as well. The NADH is what would be used from the malate aspartate shuttle. But the FADH is what would be used from the glycerol phosphate shuttle, so NADH from the the cytosol is exchanged for FADH in the glycerol phosphate shuttle.
nice video, one point here that i think was not mentioned is that, we want to shuttle the NADH+H to the mitochondria because if it is still present in the cytosol it will drive the reaction of pyruvate to lactate, and we would rather have the reaction stopping at pyruvate so we can use it for the TCA cycle :)
Hi! Great video. Just like to point out that there is a slight error in the chemical structure for dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glycerol-3-phosphate. It's actually opposite of each other in the video.
Awesome video, just one question... how come the amino acids aren't suspended in the Intermitochondrial space? Is it because they're immediately protonated, and will be kicked out through the more permeable Outer mitochondrial membrane? Thanks
You sir are a boss! One question, why do we need the glycerol phosphate shuttle if we have the much more efficient malate aspartate shuttle? Wouldnt it be best to just use the latter all the time.....
thanka a lot for these videos you are a great teacher ....but please I can't understand that : mitochondrion is imprmeable to NADH + H , it means it is also imprmeable to the oxidized form NAD ? because in the reaction of malate dehydrogenase there is NAD as a coenzyme ?? waiting for your reply ❤
I'm pretty sure that in the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle you switched DHAP and Glycerol 3 phosphate. Since DHAO has more hydrogens and is more reduced it only makes sense that when NADH is oxidized to NAD+, that glycerol 3 phosphate is reduced into DHAP and then the DHAP transfers the hydrogens over to FAD reducing it into FADH2. So glycerol 3 phosphate is the one that diffuses into the IMS to begin with.
When is the malate aspartate shuttle used and when is the Glycerol shuttle used? Does it depend on which type of cells? Seems disadvantageous energetically to use the glycerol shuttle.
What confused me was the arrows was going in the wrong direction between DHAP and G-ol-3-P.... ...and I confused G-ol-3-P with G-ate-3-P (from glycolysis which is at a lower energy down the line). Glycerol 3 Phosphate vs Glycerate 3 Phosphate.
So, the importance of these shuttles is to generate NADH during glycolysis, to be used in the electron transport chain to produce ATP? The malate/asparate shuttle has zero role during gluconeogenesis?
I'm not really sure but i think you have the chemical types for Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate and Glycerol-3-phospate reversed. Other than that great job! :)
I'm a little confused. You keep saying that this shuttle is how NADH gets transported from cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix, but it doesn't seem that the NADH is going anywhere. From what I see, the shuttle molecule oxidizes the NADH and then reduces an NAD+ that is already in the matrix. So the electrons are being transported, not the NADH itself. Am I understanding correctly?
+Joyce Seah during glycolysis : each glucose molucule gives 2 pyruvate molecules and 2 NADH + H .... so those 2 NADH +H are transported and used .........and so we have 4 H ions
+Sandy Adel kompl. 1: konformation changes due to reduction of ubichinon give the energy. kompl. 3 2 from ubichinon, then a bit more complicatet: ubichinon gets partly rereduced so it will actually do this twice --> 4h
you are like a ray of sunshine in this VERY DARK PLACE (biochemistry)
+veronica Acuna Hahaha so true!!
hi just want to add.. My professor said that glycerol-3 phosphate shuttle is mainly occurs in muscle, while malate aspartate shuttle is for brain and heart..
There is nothing more beautiful than this. Thank you for helping me understand it.
Best metabolism videos on the internet by far. You're the man.
You switched the structures for DHAP and Glycerol-3 Phosphate. Aside from that, the video is flawless. Good job
Best ever video. You cleared everything so well. Keep doing this great work ❤️
What this means, is that the NADH/NAD will essentially still be in the cytosol and not in the matrix.
And so this NADH/NAD can be used again in glycolysis, and the process continues. I hope this makes sense.
very helpful and great art work. keep up the videos man, this is bound to get big.
Glycerol 3 Phosphate shuttle starts at 7:00
Thank you for the great video!
You are so neat and organized! Thank you
Fantastic video, awesome use of diagram and verbal explanation, thanks!
Very helpful. Thank YOU!
Fantastic video and explanation! Came to understand the malate/aspartate shuttle and also got a brief refresh to the electron transport chain. Bravo! :)
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate and Glycerol-3-Phosphate structures are backwards, but the names are in the correct spots. Awesome video! Helped me understand it a lot better. Thank you
You teaching cleard my doubts . thanks and please upload more videos for study
Great video once again. Thank you.
well if you are talking about which gets the most ATP, then yes the latter is much more better. But the thing is, not all NADH in the matrix is used for oxidative phosphorylation, there are so many other redox reaction occurring in the matrix as well.
The NADH is what would be used from the malate aspartate shuttle. But the FADH is what would be used from the glycerol phosphate shuttle, so NADH from the the cytosol is exchanged for FADH in the glycerol phosphate shuttle.
This is amazing! Thankyou!
Awesome video! Really helped me with my biochem class
plzzz make videos on purine and pyrimidine metabolisms and the purine salvage pathway.. keep the good work going !
really solid stuff
Thank you!
Another great video!
this was very helpful, thanks
Great!! Thank you so much
You are life/ grade saver, Thank you
Thank you so mcuh! This is awesome!!
Really awesome
That was so good!
very helpful. thank you so much
😍😍 oooh ...fantastic work.....really nothing after that ....you are the best ...
Thanks! This helped out tremendously. Keep up the videos!
great job !
nice video, one point here that i think was not mentioned is that, we want to shuttle the NADH+H to the mitochondria because if it is still present in the cytosol it will drive the reaction of pyruvate to lactate, and we would rather have the reaction stopping at pyruvate so we can use it for the TCA cycle :)
These videos are brilliant..wish I had them at University..
all hail armando.. youre a god
thank you!!!
good question, Im not sure...I reckon it is an antiporter.
Thank you! :)
NZ vet student here who would pay to have that diagram in all of its glory, haha. Nice work and thank you for the clear explanations!
thank you very much😆
Hi! Great video. Just like to point out that there is a slight error in the chemical structure for dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glycerol-3-phosphate. It's actually opposite of each other in the video.
Awesome video, just one question... how come the amino acids aren't suspended in the Intermitochondrial space? Is it because they're immediately protonated, and will be kicked out through the more permeable Outer mitochondrial membrane? Thanks
You sir are a boss! One question, why do we need the glycerol phosphate shuttle if we have the much more efficient malate aspartate shuttle? Wouldnt it be best to just use the latter all the time.....
Let me just say you are awesome!
you are awesome. thank you :)
WOW! you should become a T.A for biochem or should do research. This is very good!
you are awesome, thank you for your clear and concise explanations. Why am I paying 40 grand a year when i can just use your videos lol
MY HERO !!!!!
Very helpful for cell biology :)
how ur pro. more people need to watch you
You are my hero :D
thanka a lot for these videos you are a great teacher ....but please I can't understand that : mitochondrion is imprmeable to NADH + H , it means it is also imprmeable to the oxidized form NAD ? because in the reaction of malate dehydrogenase there is NAD as a coenzyme ?? waiting for your reply ❤
I'm pretty sure that in the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle you switched DHAP and Glycerol 3 phosphate. Since DHAO has more hydrogens and is more reduced it only makes sense that when NADH is oxidized to NAD+, that glycerol 3 phosphate is reduced into DHAP and then the DHAP transfers the hydrogens over to FAD reducing it into FADH2. So glycerol 3 phosphate is the one that diffuses into the IMS to begin with.
You Sir are GOD!
You saved my grade, you are awesome, like patrickJMT for math but you're like the biochem version lollll
When is the malate aspartate shuttle used and when is the Glycerol shuttle used? Does it depend on which type of cells? Seems disadvantageous energetically to use the glycerol shuttle.
What confused me was the arrows was going in the wrong direction between DHAP and G-ol-3-P....
...and I confused G-ol-3-P with G-ate-3-P (from glycolysis which is at a lower energy down the line). Glycerol 3 Phosphate vs Glycerate 3 Phosphate.
So, the importance of these shuttles is to generate NADH during glycolysis, to be used in the electron transport chain to produce ATP? The malate/asparate shuttle has zero role during gluconeogenesis?
I'm not really sure but i think you have the chemical types for Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate and Glycerol-3-phospate reversed.
Other than that great job! :)
does transaminase require ATP? Thank you!
is the malate/alpha-ketogluterate transporter an antiporter or something?
I'm a little confused. You keep saying that this shuttle is how NADH gets transported from cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix, but it doesn't seem that the NADH is going anywhere. From what I see, the shuttle molecule oxidizes the NADH and then reduces an NAD+ that is already in the matrix. So the electrons are being transported, not the NADH itself. Am I understanding correctly?
yes it is an antiporter
that might be very difficult this paper size is bigger than A0, there is no scanning machine around. sorry bro :(
diagram pic please
thanks thanks thanks
could same body tell how NADH and FADH are going insaid mitokondriii pleas ?
whach the video again. through the shuttles
why does the Glycerol 3 phosphate(making 36 ATPS) shuttle even exist if Malate-Aspartate (38 ATPs) is more efficient???????
hi sorry can anyone explain to me why 4 H ions are being pumped out from complex 1 and 3?
+Joyce Seah
during glycolysis : each glucose molucule gives 2 pyruvate molecules and 2 NADH + H .... so those 2 NADH +H are transported and used .........and so we have 4 H ions
+Sandy Adel kompl. 1: konformation changes due to reduction of ubichinon give the energy.
kompl. 3 2 from ubichinon, then a bit more complicatet: ubichinon gets partly rereduced so it will actually do this twice --> 4h
you my nigga dogg
.🦁
alpha keto glutamate, no such animal.
I hope for your sake Kaplan pays you for using your videos as they make money.
Thank you!
Thank you!