What is UV Disinfection and How Does it Work?

Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:14 Bacteria Growth
00:30 UV System Installation Overview
01:32 Inside The UV System
01:50 The UV Disinfection Process
03:14 UV Disinfection Of Water Flow
03:20 Installation Site Overview
03:29 Outro
Disinfecting water with UV systems is a very straightforward, yet extremely efficient method to ensure disinfected water.
As seen on the image above, the water flows through the piping system and through the UV chamber. In this chamber, the water is exposed to ultraviolet light, that is emitted from the UV lamps. The UV light from the lamps has a specific wavelength in the UV-C spectrum (around 254nm), that enables microorganism inactivation if exposed with the right intensity.
In technical terms, when the water comes into contact with UV light, the chemical bonds are broken down, which changes the DNA structure. It is this change in the DNA structure that disables the pathogens’ ability to perform vital cellular functions, including reproducing or causing infection.
As the video shows, bacteria such as E. coli reproduce extremely rapidly. This is where the UV lamps come into action to damage the DNA or RNA of the microorganisms, which disrupts their ability to function and replicate.
Dependent on the efficiency of the lamps and the microorganism to be inactivated - the contaminated water that has gone into the system will come out disinfected. This is why it is essential to make sure that the right UV system is selected for the specific water to be treated. In other words - If the UV system is too small for the task, it will not be able to inactivate the microorganisms, as the rays emitted from the lamps will not be powerful enough.
As a notable advantage, the disinfected water coming out of the reactor will have no altering of taste, odor, or color of the water. This means that both the physical and chemical properties of the water remain identical both before and after the treatment.
While there are averages for the different water treatment applications such as drinking water facilities, it is always considered to be best practice to test and measure the water before selecting the UV system to make sure the targeted microorganisms are inactivated.
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