Multiple Sclerosis | Etiology, Pathophysiology, Types of MS, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 มิ.ย. 2024
- Official Ninja Nerd Website: ninjanerd.org
Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will be presenting on Multiple Sclerosis | Etiology, Pathophysiology, Types of MS, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment. This lecture will include a detailed discussion on the factors that are believed to cause MS, and how MS causes demyelination within the CNS. Next, we discuss the most common types of MS including: relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, primary progressive, and progressive relapsing. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
Table of Contents:
0:00 Lab
0:07 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Introduction
0:26 Etiology and Pathophysiology
16:00 Types of MS
20:21 Clinical Features
42:14 Diagnosis
47:56 Treatment
51:15 Prevention
53:48 Comment, Like, SUBSCRIBE!
● Shannon Johnson, Medical News Today, Cranial Nerves [digital image] 2019. www.medicalnewstoday.com/arti...
● Natural Eye Care Inc. Optic nerve affection [digital image] www.naturaleyecare.com/eye-co...
● Carol DerSakissian, MD. MS Early Signs and Common Symptoms, WebMD. Summary of symptoms of MS [digital image] 2020 www.webmd.com/multiple-sclero...
● OHSU. The immune system attacks brain and spinal cord nerve coverings (myelin) [digital image] www.ohsu.edu/brain-institute/...
● Moises Dominguez; Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia. Med Bullets. Affection of the right MLF [digital image] 2018 step2.medbullets.com/ophthalm...
● Lecturio, Affection of the right MLF [digital images] 2021 www.lecturio.com/concepts/int...
● Danial Garcia-Lorenzo, Research Gate MRI [digital image] www.researchgate.net/figure/E...
● Danial Garcia-Lorenzo, Research Gate Different types of MS [digital image] www.researchgate.net/figure/E...
● Michael John Bradshaw, Research Gate. McDonald’s Criteria [digital image] www.researchgate.net/figure/2...
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#ninjanerd #multiplesclerosis #MS
As a medical student recently diagnosed with MS, this is a double benefit for me!
Wishing u remission and strength doc
Thanks so much for watching. We wish you all the best ❤️
Get well soon dear 🙂
I am a medical student with MS too. I wish you all the best.
@@umerbinshabir9819 wishing the best for you, my dear!
Unbelievable how much effort, knowledge, love and passion you put into this video. You are inspiring. Thank you!
As a medical student, i've never found any medical content better than yours, keep it up
Medicine is so easy with ninja nerd lectures
I'm not a medical student but I have MS your video just explained the parts I understood so much that even going to MS events never did about why some of the newer DMT's target things like B & T cells. Great video ,
You have a gift of teaching. I am studying for my Certified NeuroScience exam and have been watching your videos...truly amazing!
i live with my grandmother and she has had ms for years. This has been really helpful understanding what she is going through. thank you
I am trying to get my BSN and I am thrilled that I found your channel! Your teaching method is great for me because you have a way of simplifying the science and pathophysiology behind the disease. You are a true lifesaver! Thank you!
Take all my med school tuition fee like you rightfully deserve. You make things make sense so well. Kudos to the whole team and God bless you all. ❤😊
I'm doing my MSc Clinical Neuroscience in the UK and your videos are extremely helpful and supportive. I just want to thank you a lot! Please continue the fantastic work to do
I've been researching a lot about the immune system after finding myself quite interested with the Vaccine debate and understanding the underlying processes in our body. It is shocking how complex they are and how long it has taken to develop this level of understanding of all the cell types and interactions and its quite fascinating.
My father has MS and is unfortunately in the severely disabled group with an EDSS Score ~9. I'm still in the first few minutes of this video but wanted to say I love that you are that kind of unassuming extremely intelligent person who is comfortable just being you. I also love your enthusiasm and way of presenting information! So cheers!!
man I've had MS since I was 17 (I'm 32 now) and your video taught me more than most of the informative stuff I was given when I was diagnosed. you're doing amazing things, dude. keep on being amazing!
@Penny migraines can really mess with you, but I don't think any of those are really symptoms aside from the numbness - which wouldn't ever really go away.
Thank you sooooo much for your invaluable TH-cam’s! I was diagnosed w/ MS 2/2021 at age 63. Doctors suspect I’ve had MS since at least 1987 … when I was diagnosed UCLA Jules Stein w/ pars planitis. I consulted 3 neurologists + numerous specialists (Mayo AZ, Cedars, USC + UCLA) over 3 1/2 years before diagnosis. Initial symptoms that came + went over time: bi lateral leg weakness, toe tingling that moved up the legs to waist, calf spasticity, fatigue, hand + foot tremors, difficulty speaking + eventually on hot day (88°) significant difficulty moving legs. My age + bilateral symptoms are both less common, causing delay in diagnosis. So grateful to you for helping educate about MS. If I can ever support your efforts, please know it will be my pleasure + I welcome contact.
It's good that you have such a diagnosis at 33
Ninja nerd, this has explained so much to me. Easier to follow than my lectures, as I'm more of a visual learner. I just may get to write something worth marking now. Thank you.
I’m in the hospital and just diagnosed with MS. She was such a fun and thoroughly informative explanation. It answered all my questions so far and was so easy to follow. Thanks so much!
Unbelievable how much effort, knowledge, love and passion you put into this video.Thank you
I have a research paper that I am working on regarding this and I am so grateful for this video, not only did it save me some reading time but you made the process of understanding this disease very manageable and fun!!!
This was life changing information. My sister was diagnosed with MS last week. Can’t wait to share when she is ready.
It always amazes me how I can learn more from you for free than I can in my doctorate. You are great! Thank you!
i actually don't know how I would pass my physio master without you! It baffles me how amazing your brain is; how on earth do you remember so much detail about so much stuff!
Probably one of the most interesting ninja nerd videos I've seen so far, I understood everything once and from the start, thank you Zach💜💜
Awesome breakdown. As a 55 Y/O just diagnosed you really simplify enough even I get it. I thank you.
Best doctor ever. You're beyond my achievement. We need really MENINGITIS LECTURE
What a gift!! you are inspiringly educational, with gratitude!
Zack, your are just perfect! The medical world is blessed.
When you mentioned that macrophages can reach neurons through the brain blood barrier at 11:48, that made me remember that sometimes spirochetes can invade and remain inside macrophages. Excellent lecture!
Thank you so much for this detailed video. I’m a patient with a “mystery disease” with specialists that all want to pass the buck and none of them are coordinating so I’m binging youtube videos hoping for an aha moment. I’m already diagnosed with several things, but none of them fully explain my debilitating symptoms. I was an OR nurse working in Robotics and Informatics and having the time of my life. At 32 I got a virus and all hell broke loose. I’ve been looking for answers for 6 years and haven’t been able to work. I would have diagnosed myself by now, but it’s affecting my memory and executive functioning so I can’t keep it together long enough to see it clearly. My husband has since left me and I’m waiting on disability, but I should have been diagnosed and on proper treatment years ago. I’m appalled by the state of our the medical system. I appreciate doctors like you that care so much and take the time to explain in detail because that’s what helps make a diagnosis for patients with complicated profiles. I wish to God I could find doctors that dont just run a CBC and say you’re normal because the labs say so and if you ask for more they say it’s all anxiety. 🙄 I got lucky with one great cardiologist that they nicknamed “the brain”….he’s very much like you. He discovered I had several conditions under the umbrella of Dysautanomia and sent me to a Dysautanomia clinic where I found another doctor who is loads more helpful than most, but has no time to explore additional diagnosis because there are so few Dysautanomia clinics and now they’re overloaded by covid longhaulers. Will you please please please add a video on Dysautanomia and coexisting conditions like EDS and mast cell disorders to your neuro playlist? It’s incredibly life altering as it is, and despite these not even being that rare, doctors are not recognizing them. Last time I checked, it takes an average of 7 years for diagnosis! There are so few Dysautanomia clinics that many of us have to cross several state borders to get help. I’m lucky to be in Washington where we have 2, but they’re so backed up that I can only get 2 appointments a year and med management is a nightmare. Despite my official diagnosis, most doctors look at me like I’m crazy when they see my symptoms list. Our patient support groups have thousands of posts from women being told they’re “just anxious” and need therapy and a life. Its so cruel. We need more awareness and I’m sure any of the organizations such as Dysautonomia International would pay you to do a video just for the awareness it would bring. One other video request I have is possibly something you don’t do on your channel, but the Autistic community desperately needs the attention of medical students and doctors. The mortality rate in this group is terrible. There are so many barriers for this group to even reach a physician, but even when they do, they struggle to communicate and are misunderstood. Many die very young and there is a very high suicide rate. Alexithymia (which is common even in the general population) makes it really difficult to feel, understand and explain what is happening in the body so a physician needs to assist these patients with extra questions and prompts. It’s important to raise awareness because health problems are rampant in the autistic community due to lifelong trauma and being prone to certain conditions. It would be wonderful if you could add a video about consults and how to treat certain patient populations. I’ve recently been diagnosed with Autism myself and realized that it has been a contributor to my delayed diagnosis. Hopefully you can help these two patient groups out 🙏🏻
ive never seen ur channel before looking this up and finding this video but i gotta say this is one of the best videos in regards to medical science biology and chemistry that i have ever seen in my life and thats saying a lot because im an absolute nerd for understanding things on a nuanced level
ur insane dude keep it up
I was diagnosed with MS one year ago. Cannot wait to watch.
Cure yourself with the paternal pheromone (source from any man's face). Just be sure to handle it with care, plenty of ventilation and wear a respirator collecting the pheromone (tare, rub his face with chewing gum, weigh, record about 10mg/dose and as tolerated.)
@@TogetherinParis bro?
As a neurologist, I love this discussion and his entire content. He kills it, better than I could do.
hello sir.
My name is axel, 24 years old from Algeria. im 2018 i went to dentist to fix my teeth then went home after probably a week i started feeling numbness in my hand, troubles speaking, and diplopia. the the symptomes relieved without any meds, after almost 8 months i started having symptoms like lost in balance, troubles speaking clearly, diplopia again, and lost in taste and smell. i went to many doctors and they requested an MRI on my brain and spinal chord. the MRIs showed that i have demyelinating lesions on both spinal chord and CNS, been through a spinal tab and the IGg index was positive awell, and in the serology test i ve found that i have been infected of with HBV and the viral load was extremely high 9.42 log. i started taking the antivirals, and continued my diagnosis for the brain infection, been through a second spinal tab for HBV serology of Celebro spinal fluid and the results were positive after a year if research i have been diagnosed with MS and stared taking interferons which i couldnt handle. stopped it under doc's supervision and now am back on it since theres no alternative and no much meds here in Algeria
now i have two questions if u may
- can the hbv cross the bbb ?
- did the hbv trigger my brain dymelination?
i ve been searching lately and i found this article about ADEM, and started wondering whether i might mistakenly diagnosed.
i would really pleased if answer, am so lost and cant find answers to my case.
thank you so much.
My father who is currently 89 years old was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis when he was 68, ever since he has although been living a peaceful life and it hasn't really impacted him, although he has eye vision loss and has hurt himself a couple of times due to his lack of vision, i took him to his local doctor and the doctor said he was going to be fully blind by the time he turned 70, but I'm glad he could still see after all these years, he does wear glasses though.
You are passionate and ispiring. An entire generation of med students can't thank you enough.
I was waiting for this..thank you so much ninja nerd💜
22 pages in our textbook simplified in a 54 min lecture. Thank you so much, Zach and the whole Ninja Nerds Staff. 😊
Right On! Amazing Prof Zach... I am also impressed with his knowledge and verbal ability to simplify complicated things. Did he just eat the textbook or what? :)
Which textbook are u following?
22 pages woah 😨
at least you all have this chapter, in our curriculum we don't have this essential lesson, not even little mention of multiple sclerosis in any form.
Thank you so much for this video. I was recently diagnosed and didn’t understand a bit of it so it shows how talented and passionate you are to keep my attention! I just kept thinking of all the memes with the confused faces, that was me! All I heard was “a really crappy perfect storm in the body that makes no sense.”
First video I've ever seen from you and I am just blown away so clear and concise thank you this is amazing
Thank you so so much. I had my first MS relapse 12 years ago, but thanks to you, I know more about my condition than I ever did before in one single beautiful video.
And did you experience any other relapse after that?
@@RahulRaj-up5ql no I haven't at all.
The best teacher, the best video, the learning revolution!
Yeeeesssss - I love y'all and I had scoured your channel for this topic in the past. I'm so excited it's up now!
Thank you! I have recently been diagnosed with MS and have been struggling with understanding my disease and why my body doesn’t work the same in more. I’m very fortunate that I have a mild case, listening to you answered many of the questions I kept asking myself. Thank you for helping me feel better about not understanding why things have changed for me.
Thank you, as a patient who is in the process of being diagnosed with MS. I understood about half, but geeked out on the rest! Appreciate you educating future doctors to understand sweat and this condition!
You are an amazing teacher. Thank you so much Ninja Nerd. Love and much respect!
Awesome lectures and great professor , I love the way you teach. I even introduced ninja nerd to my patients 🥰🥰🥰
You’re the GOAT of teaching of medicine and all other specialties. ❤
Simplified and comprehensive!
Every time I watch a new video,I get fascinated by how genius your explanation is, thank you so much
This is beautiful ,thank you very much Doc
I just thanked god that you had covered this topic. As a final year med student, so much grateful. Thank you 😊
thank you for this video, I love how enthusiastic you are when you were teaching! It was really helpful ^__^
wow. Simply WOW. Stunned and so grateful for you.
You guys are absolute legends! Thank you!!
You are such a good teacher, i hope you teach somewhere, bc the way you explain things, the knowledge and the effort is amazing.
Awesome lecture, thanks!
Amazing work! You kill it..... every time!
Awesome lecture, thank you so much!
Wow... that's a heck of an explanation. It feels so good to get to understand something. Thank you so much :D
I'm going to make a statement : )
I think you should get a Nobel prize for your work! and I'm absolutely serious.
The effect you have is tremendous - Currently almost 2 million people follow you.
But more so, a lot of them are doctors, researches etc - and each of them effect hundreds/thousands of people lives.
I know academies committees have an "old school" way of thinking and there isn't a category for what you do.
But our world has changed so much and maybe there should be - and you Sir are effecting millions of live world wide!
wow very clear explanation! I'm still in HS but this vid makes medical school level stuff understandable to me
Thank you for your lecture professor
Thank you for this video! I am not a medical student however just an RN and this video is outstanding. I am one year into my dx and you do a fantastic job on explaining the disease process.
"Just" an RN? Don't undervalue yourself! - TG
Hi, I was diagnosed with MS this August, at only 16 years. I've been trying so hard to find out more about what's happening inside my body, especially as I would like to pursue medicine. This video was absolutely INCREDIBLE - thank you so much for the detailed explanations!!
Hey, I hope you are doing fine. If you don't mind can i ask you what were your symptoms before diagnosis and what tests you went through to confirm that you have ms.
Highly appreciated 🙏 🙌 ......sharing your amazing knowledge 🙌
I appreciate you Pr. ZACH MURPHY for every single one of your videos. Professor! Could you make a playlist all about Testosterone replacement therapy and explain what happens while being on/off TRT and all the benefits and dangers at cellular level to the body. And in fact how to best start a PCT after a certain time of Testosterone injection use.
Excellent, detailed, clear, and complete presentation that is understandable by a non-medical student, like myself. thanks! so much important detail above most sources people go to first, like wikipedia.
Thank you for creating this and sharing it
Ninja Nerd, thank you for this video. I was diagnosed with highly-active disease (HAD) RRMS in Oct. of 2019 and this far and away the best video I have ever seen on MS. I do not have a medical background, but I have read extensively since my diagnosis. This is the most approachable video I have seen and I have already sent it to my MS specialist for her to share with her patients.
From one nerd to another, if you haven’t heard/read about autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) for MS, I encourage you to do so. It is fascinating and I believe this is the closest thing to a cure that we have. Thanks again for the video!
Thanks so much for the additional information for us to look into. We wish you the absolute best and have a great rest of your weekend!
your teachings are so passionate, I love your classes, Thank You.
thank you Zach, its really nice to learn with you !! you make it so easy !! thank you
Excellent as always Zach 👌
I could watch you all day
thank you ninja professor zach
I'm so great full for your mere existence, you have saved so many of my exams ❤️
Thanks for your teaching
Thank you so much guys for this effort 💕💕💛
Very informative and helpful
God bless you ❤️
I was diagnosed with Lupus thirty years ago. Yet now I also have MS at 64. I have been diagnosed only recently, yet I had early symptoms in my forties. However I experienced terrible nerve pain in my left leg in January 1st this year and now three months later I have severe foot drop and spasticity.
Thank you so much for explaining this to me. It is making it easier for me to understand why I am the way I am
I love your videos! They are very helpful. Thank you on that!
Love your lectures! I like how you make very complex things sound fun, especially in this analogy with toast and jam "macrophage is like MMMMMMM I'MA ENGULF YOU"
Thanks for the vids man! Really helping me out with my Neuro course as an MS2. Would love to hear you talk about Brain Tumors if you got the time! Cheers.
absolute and only love for this channel
Como estudiante de MD solo puedo decir GRACIAS POR EXISTIR!
Thank you for these interesting information
thank you very much man, this was very helpful
Thankyou Dr Zach!
Thanks Prof God bless you
First video of yours i see and im speechless i LOVE THIS!
Welcome to the Ninja Nerd community!
I love you Zach thank you for these videos
Okayyyy so i did commented few hours ago and had to come back to say this…so at 1st I started studying my professors slides and it was just confusing and I wasn’t understanding so I decided to watch a TH-cam video 1st then go back to the lectures so i saw ur this video well i have heard alot about ur channel but i never watched a complete video just because i find it long and i feel I don’t have that much time well today I decided to watch and it was AMAZING! I understood to the point that it surprised me well why I’m back is because i went back to my professors slide and i was BLOWN-AWAY!!!! Like i was saying wat will be in the next slide because of how much i picked from this video…YOU ARE AMAZING and thank you soo much for helping alots of us….well now I’m rooted subscriber because this will always be my 1st stop before my professors THANK YOU AGAIN and i wish u and the entire team Goodluck☺️☺️❤️❤️❤️
Very informative for a non-medical student and a 48yr old suffering from symptoms, somewhat unexplained. Thanks
Please do a video on Lupus!!! If there is anything I can do on my end to make this happen let me know!
Thanks for everything
Thank you for this great review!
Thank you for sharing this information.
Thank u so much, amazing class!
As physician I'd have like to have ela teacher like you. For real!
Thank you SOOOO much!
You are the best! Thank you!
Thank you for this!!
Your awesome! I will be watching all your videos. Thanks!
can't thank enough u are a lifesaver❤️