Books: The Ashtadhyayi of Panini: tapthe.link/AshthPaniniBook More videos for you: Why Indian English is weird: th-cam.com/video/P4TcPyEt1fg/w-d-xo.html Ancient India's advanced science: th-cam.com/video/O4pL_mmUeVA/w-d-xo.html
Talavya sa ,dant sa,murdant sa.these are three sa teached by my grandfather. 1.Talavya sa means upper part of mouth when touched by tongue first sa is pronounced .2 dant sa means when tongue touch the teeth second sa is pronounced.3 murdant sa is pronounced when tongue is slightly turned downward and sa is pronounced.
Because duolingo doesn't teach you anything. Buy a Hindi textbook and use it. That will help more than Duolingo. Also, find a native speaker of Hindi who can talk to you in Hindi fluently, so that you can get in actual Hindi practice and perhaps learn some more "slang-y" terms and constructions which might not be in a textbook.
Indian languages are sound based languages that's why ancient indians kept the knowledge intact as it is by remembering the sound patterns. And that's why in hindu dharm recital and pronunciation of mantras are important. We are proud of our ancient culture. they were so scientific. The world knows about mathematical power of ancient indians.
This was where my Khmer language originated from Sanskrit from Northern India. Used to written on the Angkor Walls. The same sounds but more like Telugu written form.🥰🥰 I tried to make connection to where the origin of the linguistic of my Khmer alphabetic came from. Now, I am more enlightened that Sanskrit was our based mother tongue. Beautiful! 👏Thank you for making the sounds of the Sanskrit for me to hear.🙏
On my trip to Angkor I bought a T shirt with Khmer letters, when I read them aloud, the girl selling them was flabbergasted, it was brahmi also on which my mother tongue Telugu script is based
@@skarumuru Thank you for clarifying what I have been curious about and searched for the origin of my Khmer Language came from...the linguistic of its root. I knew it in my heart but just need it to be factual. Greatly Appreciate it!
Tamil has this interesting classification as well. 1) Val inam - Hard group - ka, ca, ta, tha, pa & Ra(ற) --> 1st column of Devnagari; In Devnagari each of these letters have Chathurvarga(four variations). Tamil grammar says it comes from the air that hits the throat. 2) Mel inam - Soft group - nga, nya, Na, nha(ந), ma & na(ன) --> Last column of Devnagari; These letters are called Udanpadu mei aka letters that come in conjunction with Hard group letters respectively(Similar to what you explained in maNdal). Tamil grammar says it comes from the air that hits the nose tip(top of the nose between eyes). 3) Idai Inam - Intermediate group - ya, ra(ர), la(ல), va, zha(ழ), La(ள) --> Following row after the above classification of Devnagari. Tamil grammar says they are inbetween the hard and soft. In addition, we add another group - 4) Grantha letters (to represent Vadasol/ Northern words ie., Sanskrit) --> Next row in Devnagari sha(ஷ), Sha(ஶ), sa(ஸ), ha(ஹ) and also ja(ஜ - represents 3rd and 4th varga of cha), xa(க்ஷ-ksha), ஸ்ரீ (only for shree; no shra, shraa, shri, shru , shruu, shre, shrae, shrai, shro and all) In Tamil, the chathur varga is pronounced in its natural flow mostly when soft group letter adjoins with hard group letter. Examples: Anjanaa is a+ny+cha+naa (அ ஞ் ச னா) in Tamil. cha(ச) pronounced as ja(ஜ) here. Mandalam is ma+N+ta+la+m (ம ண் ட ல ம்)in Tamil. ta(ட) pronounced as da here There is lot lot more which I can explain. But I will stop here. The systems had similarities or common origins or in someway transactional of their methods. Note - Special letters in Tamil: 1) Ra(ற) 2) na(ன) - Difference exists in writing only. Pronunced same as ந(nha). 3) zha(ழ) 4) q(ஃ) pronunced as 'hh' - Aaytham; This is rarely used. But in modern day we find it useful to represent Persian Za and Pha in muslim names by simply adding ஃ in front of ja and pa respectivly. Example: Manzil is ma+n+ஃ(q)+ji+l. Fahadh is q(ஃ)+pa+ha+th.
Because Both Sanskrit & Tamil language grammar books quote "Ainthiram", a lost Tamil linguistic Grammar (not Tamil or any language grammar. It is a linguistic book) book from which both these languages took rules to write their own grammar.
A kannada teacher was newly appointed to us in our 10th Standard (SSLC). In his first class, he asked us to write the Kannada Aksharamaale (Varnamaala) and Gunitakshara (Barakadi), And their pronunciations. 🤔This left us shocked and confused.😱 We wondered why this new teacher was making SSLC students write the syllabus of kinder Garden. We even worried whether we would pass Kannada in SSLC.😬 However, we were in for a surprise. 🤔Without us realizing it, he was reprogramming our minds to shift our focus from merely learning a subject to truly Understand and Realizing the language. In just a few months, he helped us grasp the grammar of the past nine years of study. As shocking as that first class was, our final exam results were equally astonishing, with many students scoring above 90% in Kannada.😎 He was, and still is, more than a teacher to me - A true Guru who continues to inspire me even today. I'm deeply grateful & forever indebt to him🙏. His name is C. V. RANGASHETTY.👼
I am being as a Thamizhan i can tell bravely thamizh is the first language after combined with sanskrit several indian language came in chain reaction made by your favorite parpans or ariyans in order to destroy thamizhs culture
ळ exists in Sanskrth as rightly said, but only in Vedic Sanskrth, not in spoken Sanskrth. ळ exists in all South Indian languages - Kannada, Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam & in Marathi.
ळ exists in Punjabi (ਲ਼), Marathi, Gujarati (ળ), Odiya (ଳ), Western Dailects of Hindi (Kauravi, Haryanavi, Panchali). ळ existed in Vedic Sanskrit as well as Chalit Sanskrit, extensively used in Apabhranshas. So, it is not unique to Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada.
ळ exists in Sanskrth as rightly said, but only in Vedic Sanskrth, not in spoken Sanskrth. ळ exists in all South Indian languages - Kannada, Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam & in Marathi.
@@10ssr as an odia We do have ଳ/ळ/Ịa in both of our script and vocabulary.... Even it's the most important letter in odia, and a part of our cultural identity... Like it's ଉତ୍କଳ/उत्कळ/UtkaỊa✅ ଉତ୍କଲ /उत्कल /Utkal❌ କଳିଙ୍ଗ/कळिन्ग/KaỊinga✅ କଲିଂଗ/कलिंग/Kaling❌ But morden roman/English don't have these letters... So, we r forced to write it as La instead of Ḷa
You are forgetting that the classification is based the source from where the sound originates like कण्ठ्य, दन्त्य, तालव्य, मूर्धन्य, ओष्ठ्य. Also sub classification like कठोर and कोमल. While grouping two adjacent columns you could have mentioned this difference of कठोर, कोमल.
Sorry, in a video, we have to strike a balance about what is the right level of detail, and this got skipped. I is covered in the accompanying article: futureiq.substack.com/p/the-elegance-of-the-devanagari-script -@Navin
00:33 I was taught well at home and I pronounce the sounds ङ & ञ perfectly well. However, the pronunciation of ऋ & क्ष has to be adapted according to the language spoken whether it is Marathi, Hindi, Nepali, Sindhi or Sanskrit.
The R sound of kRishna is not there in Tamil as you were telling though.. In Tamil we write Krishna as "Kirushna" (K becomes Ki because according to Tamil grammar rules first letter of any word shouldn't start with a plain consonant sound, but while saying the "i" sound won't be stretched, it would be very subtle).. infact even 'sh','h','j','s' sound doesn't naturally exist in Tamil, they were later adopted into the script as "northern" letters after influence of sanskrit..highly suggest you to do a video on Tamil sounds and grammar too, would be really interesting
'h' sound belonging is subjective. Because I have heard many dialects in central and south TN which pronounce the nga as ha like varanga as vararha.. Dialect differences but still h is not foreign to tamil. g and h are somewhat replaceable. H letter is adopted from Sanskrit but not H sound
I'm just 4 minutes into the video, but I'm loving it! I have for trying to explain these very things to people for years and years, because most of my own Indian friends have no idea why the sounds of our languages are arranged and written the way they are. When he put his hand on his voicebox, to explain unvoiced versus voiced consonants, I just knew this guy knows his stuff. This is exactly how I explain the difference. These concepts exist in other Indo-European languages too, but they are equally blind to these ideas until someone explains it to them. They explain why there's an N in coNtest, but an M in coMpound. N goes with T, and M goes with P. You see this clearly in the arrange of the Devanagari alphabet, but it is not at all obvious in the Latin script. Let me watch the rest of the video, and maybe I'll add more comments.
00:33 The "ङ" (Ng) sound is perfectly pronounce. Many North Indian people can't correctly pronounce & There is no word starting with ङ in Hindi but, In Northeast Indian languages many words & names started & mostly used the ङ (Ng) sound.
As a person who loves linguistics and scripts, this video is a MUST for people who have this same thirst for knowledge. When I first learnt these things, there was nobody to explain it in such a fun and intuitive way, and as you first learn the basics of linguistics, these things click in your head. More specifically, Devanagari is an alphasyllabary, the ultimate type of writing system (according to me). Thank you Dr. Navin, for bringing to light these things to more people. This stuff should be taught in schools, because it will make life for students easier instead of blindly learning.
Man, I so needed to know this. Thanks for these deep dive sessions. I can now better appreciate Indian languages, which was always so easier to write and read compared to foreign ones.
ohh man...came here after reading your tweets on Devnagari script. Saw the topics of your other videos and immediately subscribed. 😊 Topics and titles are so interesting. Keep it up. 👍
कितनी बढ़िया बात है, अपनी ही भाषा की प्रशंसा करते है, हमारी भाषा ऐसी है वैसी है, और फिर भी अंततः इसकी व्याख्या के लिए विदेशी भाषा पर निर्भर रहते है... बहुत सुंदर... हिंदी और संस्कृत बोल भी लिया करो जब इतना ही फिक्र है तो या सिर्फ दिखावा के लिए है...
क्योंकि देवनागरी लिपि के बारे में हिन्दी और मराठी लोगो को (शायद) पहले से जानकारी है। इस विडियो द्वारा हमारा प्रयास था की अंग्रेज़ी बोलनेवालों को देवनागरी लिपि की सुंदरता से परिचित कराएं। और अगर हर इन्सान सिर्फ अपनी ही भाषा बोलने का निश्चय करे तो किसी भी भाषा की वृद्धि नहीं होगी। भाषा और प्रेम दोनों बांटने से ही बढ़ते हैं। - Shrikant
In Malayalam, that child crying sound is used perfectly - nja (spelt almost like nya). Most of the sounds are there in Malayalam, retained from Sanskrit-Old Tamil.
Please shed some light on why the rows have been organised the way they are, as in, why do retroflex sounds follow palatal sounds, even though air coming out of the throat touches the roof of the mouth before touching the palat?
I'm at around the 14:00 minute mark. While I agree that the R of kRshna has changed in Gujarati, Hindi, Marathi and other languages, and it is because people were not aware of or taught how to pronounce it, there is no reason to not pronounce it accurately now. I am very curious about whether there will be an explanation for the pronunciation of V/W, because this is yet another very complex topic, especially for Indian speakers who mix up these sounds.
@@vatsalj7535 I just watched the other video, where they did briefly, discuss V/W, but I was disappointed by it. I have left a comment there with the details of why I didn't like their discussion of these sounds.
Regarding the R (ऋ) sound: What is "accurate pronunciation"? Language evolves and the right thing for us to do is to move with the times. So "ri" is the correct pronunciation in Hindi, "ru" is the correct pronunciation in Marathi, and what we talked about in the video is the correct pronunciation in Sanskrit.
@@TheFutureIQ I agree that languages evolves, and sounds change. But I disagree with writing ऋ and pronouncing it as RI or RU. I believe that our ancestors understood language and linguistics brilliantly, and took great care in devising a writing system that is phonetic. If you want to pronounce ऋ as RI or RU in Hindi/Marathi/Gujarati, then write it as RI or RU, not ऋ. Many Indian people ridicule English for its crazy writing system, which does not match the pronunciation of the language. And then, we Indians are doing the same with our language, by writing something one way, and pronouncing it as another. Aren't we then guilty of starting to create the same problem as in English? I'm not here to bash you or anything, but to make my opinion known. I adore logic, and will always stand on the side of things being logical.
Its amazing. Sanskriti language is easy on the basis of grammar but its very difficult to pronounce and find difference between one or two words but if we have teacher like this sir then its easy 😊
8:00 they arent all approximants: य and व as allophone /w/ are approximants but र is a tap/trill and ल is a lateral fricative they are all, however, liquids and that column should be named as thus :)
Sir, those fifth sounds of each varga, as we call it, if that how u call it too, is widely used in Malayalam with profound accuracy with which conveying meaning would totally fail. Also, Krishna's kr in our language is the same as in Sanskrit. We haven't replaced it. The vowel is ഋ. കൃഷ്ണ. This is the symbol when it combines with the vowel in Krishna. Vowel 'lu' has some words in Malayalam. But they're now being replaced with the consonant 'la'.
There is no native script for Sanskrit. Sanskrit was a purely oral language without any written script. Even renowned grammar books and religious epics were composed orally and memorised. When other Indian languages had written scripts, even then Sanskrit remained unwritten oral language. When eventually it was put in writing, the Brahmi script was used for many centuries. Using Devanagari script for writing Sanskrit came much later. So equating Devanagari script with Sanskrit is incorrect
I think the writer of this comment has 0% knowledge about the origin of sanskrit and how many epics were written down on bark/leaves/naturally occurring things.....
you missed how many urban hindi speakers don't exactly know the correct pronunciation of the alphabet 'फ' (pha) they always pronounce it as 'फ़' (fa) here are some hindi words that originated from sanskrit and their correct pronunciation e.g: it's phool not fool it's phir not fir it's saphalta not safalta it's phatna not fatna it's phailna not failna ps: hindi is derived from sanskrit which doesn't have any 'fa' sounding word. but urdu words like 'fauji' 'farz' 'sirf' 'fursat' and 'faltu' are pronounced different.
Hindi is derived from khadi boli. The 'fa' sound us negligible there. It's very tatbhav heavy. Sanskrit based tatram words are additions in standard Hindi along with additional sounds like 'fa' to allow speaking persian loan words in a "pure" way. And similar other things are there too.
Both are wrong. ज् + ञ = ज्ञ . There is no ग (g) ,द(d) , न (n) & य(y). Then how to write this ज् (j) + ञ (ñ) = ज्ञ (jña). So, the correct way to write abd pronunce it is jña. But since English doesn't have ñ we replace it with n. So, ज्ञ = jna. Therefore, ज्ञान = jnaan is the correct way to write and pronounce.
Tongue positions: (this chart is apt completely for Tamil language and partially for Sanskrit language because र becomes retroflex and ल becomes dental in Sanskrit which eliminates the whole ㄴ= alveolar row. Also, no ழ, ள, ற & ன letters in sanskrit) *ㅇ = ஃ । । । । ஹ *ㄱ = {க, ங}। । । । * ㅈ = {ச, ஞ}। {ய} । । ।ஜ,ஶ * ㄷ= {ட, ண}। । {ழ, ள}। ।ஷ * ㄴ= ।{ர, ல}। । {ற, ன}। * 느 = {த, ந}। । । ।ஸ * 므 = । {வ} । । । * ㅁ = {ப, ம}। । । । ㅇ= Glottal, ㄱ= Velar, ㅈ= Palatal, ㄷ= Retroflex, ㄴ= Alveolar, 느= Dental, 므= Labiodental & ㅁ= Bilabial One can clearly see that the tongue position of both the ஜ(ज) & ஞ (ञ) are ㅈ. Middle part of the tongue should touch the roof of the mouth. So, ज् + ञ = ज्ञ i.e. ஜ் + ஞ = ஜ்ஞ will also have ㅈthis tongue position only while pronouncing. ज्ञ can be written in latin alphabet as jña. So, ज्ञानम् will be jñānam or jñaanam.
Finally learnt the difference between श and ष. Thank you so much. And a word which often uses लृ is क्लृप्ती. So may be लृ is not that outdated. That apart, kudos to Navin Sir's depth of research and Shrikant's tenaciousness. 😀👌🏻
After Sanskrit, in Indian languages Kannada is most classic language, resembling to Sanskrit. It's script also most beautiful among world languages. In Kannada what pronounces that will be exactly written without any exceptions, this can not happen in few languages. Hence it is called as " QUEEN " of all languages in the world.
Kannada has the greatest number of alphabets than any Indian Languages. Any Indian word can be written and pronounced in Kannada exactly the same way it is pronounced in native Indian language.
@@sunilzizou Sanskrit does not have its own script. It uses Devanagari script. Devanagari script was used by Pali and Prakrut language in North India. English language uses Latin alphabets. Similarly, Sanskrit uses Devanagari alphabets. Sanskrit is not the mother of other Indian languages as it is being narrated.
@@gopil6740 Not kannada , it is malayalam that contains all letters from sanskrit as well as tamil . Kannada doesnt have the letter ZHA and the short U pronounciations as in tamil.
The phenomes or the pronunciation is the aspect of Sanskrit language and not script Script is a way of representing the constructs of a language. And Devanagri script is very very new compared to Brahmi, sharada or Kharosthi, in which Sanskrit was written. Even Sount Indian languages languages like Tamil, kannada, Telugu, Oriya , Tibeteanare older than Devanagri
No offense but I found some minor errors in the chart: 1. A approximent retroflex(the ट row pronounced by tugging the tongue back) is a ड़ /ɽ/ not a र /ɹ/. 2. The ह is not a fricative velar(the place where क row is pronounced) /h/ but a /x/ which here in Assam is different from a ह(হ) which is a ख़(শ). 3. It groups 2 sets of sounds(palatals and post-alveolars) in the same row but that is understandable.
Nothing IS wrong with him. YOU, FOUND something wrong in him. I, FOUND the whole episode valuable as well as enjoyable. Why does seeking knowledge have to always be SERIOUS?
If someone irritates you, it is only your own response that is irritating you. Therefore, when anyone seems to be provoking you, remember that it is only your judgment of the incident that provokes you. - Epictetus
you can read devnagri script mostly everywhere in india . Devnagari means:The Devanagari script, composed of 47 primary characters including 14 vowels and 33 consonants, is the fourth most widely adopted writing system in the world, being used for over 120 languages. example: Apabhramsha, Awadhi, Bhili, Bhojpuri, Bodo, Braj, Chhattisgarhi, Dogri, Gujarati, Garhwali Haryanvi, Hindi, Hindustani, Kashmiri, Konkani,Kumaoni, Magahi, Maithili, Marathi, Marwari, Mundari, Newari, Nepali, Pāḷi, Pahari, Prakrit, Rajasthani, Sadri, Sanskrit, Santali, Saraiki, Sherpa, Sindhi, Surjapuri, and many more.
In sanskirt varnamala we have alpa prana mahaprana and anunasika. Means less stressed more stressed and nasal tone. That is how the phonetics works folks
Sanskrit itself derived from TAMIL only sir. Samaskritham means MODIFIED LANGUAGE. The 2 or 3 tamil words shrinken and included as one word . Devanagari is not .its DEVAN KEER or KEERI.
The speaker has taken deva nagari as an example. The same letters of 5 by 5 matrix, is used in many other scripts, like Bangla, Odiya, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Gujarati, Gurumukhi
Vanakam! Do you have some idea about Tamil language which is oldest in India. older than sanskrit. tell me, why pm Modi uses verses from Thirukkural here and there? Moreover, he says " yaathum oore Yaavarum Kelir' in his UN speech. Why? But he is not allocating sufficient fund for promotion of Tamil language across the world? Any idea about Sithars from Tamil? thanks a lot.
If you learn Linguistics you will understand there is no single oldest language or single root for all languages . There are nearly 7000 languages in the world which are classified in to 147 language families depending on different roots they have. Eg - The root of Sino tibetan language family is proto sino tibetan language , root of indo aryan language family is vedic sanskrit and so on. ❤
That's a long history where each language takes some elements of older languages (e.g. Devanagari evolved from Nagari which evolved from Brahmi which evolved from Aramaic which evolved from Proto-Sinaitic which evolved from Egyptian hieroglyphs -@Navin
Do the gaps in the "periodic" table of the alphabet correspond to letters that are probably lost to us? I'd like to see a video talking about those gaps!
Thanks for the video. Pls look up Velar, Palatal, Retroflex, Dental and Bilabial for the official names of the five rows. Pls do differentiate between language and script. Also, this classification is not unique to Devnagari, but is common to many Neo-Brahmic languages. There is a better way to distinguish between Unvoiced and Voiced stops. First, say the sibilants "sssss" and "zzzzz"...they both sound very similar. But now, close your ears using your index finger, and say both these sibilants again, and see the difference between them. It is really striking.
Why tamilian and Dravidian shouting in comment section...they not say anything about you language...they just respresenting and talking about there own language
If something is explained in beautiful and interesting way we can make someone believe anything . Thats how I feel when I watch this video. Your justification that Sanskrit is monther of all launguage is great. If it is such a great language may I know why it isn't spoken, except very few groups......
@@sainadh7These two are letters not alphabets of Tamil. An alphabet ( वर्ण माला) of a script is made up of letters (अक्षर). English alphabet written in the Roman script has 26 letters like a, b, c....
How I found this? What a lucky day. Wish I can meet this teacher. Why why why were we not taught all this way. I am going to share this with 1000 people.
Tamil and Sanskrit.... Do not say it's only Sanskrit... Only Indian who claim it's Sanskrit but if you go outside they say it's both Tamil And Sanskrit.
Vanakam! Do you have some idea about Tamil language which is oldest in India. older than sanskrit. tell me, why pm Modi uses verses from Thirukkural here and there? Moreover, he says " yaathum oore Yaavarum Kelir' in his UN speech. Why? But he is not allocating sufficient fund for promotion of Tamil language across the world? Any idea about Sithars from Tamil? thanks a lot.
@@studypurpose7804 no where it's proved tamizh as oldest. Both samskrtam and tamizh are good enough to be oldest. Also, as per many scientists, both of them aren't the oldest.
Nice jock tamil and sanskrit are not oldest language these are civilized languages and there is no any very oldest scriptures of tamil and sanskrit 😂 north Indians says Asok's scriptures are related to sanskrit but in Prakrit and some pali and pali was the language of nalanda and vikramshila. Pali was rich language but it is not exist pali is mother of sanskrit and tamil that's why I am telling you because of their script 😂 jai Bharat
Sanskrit is root for all North Indian and some south indian language Except Tamil.... You should understand Tamil is also greatest language like Sanskrit
@@shivmohan99681 he mentioned root for all languages in thumbnail.. so our duty to clarify except Tamil... Because most of the north Indian even they r educatted they believe Sanskrit is mother for all languages in India including Tamil...
This is a very interesting observation! Thank you for pointing it out! For प and ष to be written with such "similar changes" in multiple scripts is indeed a very curious thing! - Shrikant
Vanakam! Do you have some idea about Tamil language which is oldest in India. older than sanskrit. tell me, why pm Modi uses verses from Thirukkural here and there? Moreover, he says " yaathum oore Yaavarum Kelir' in his UN speech. Why? But he is not allocating sufficient fund for promotion of Tamil language across the world? Any idea about Sithars from Tamil? thanks a lot.
@@studypurpose7804 తమిళ్, తెలుగు, మలయాళం, కన్నడ, బిహారీ, ఒడిస్సీ, రాజస్థానీ, బెంగాలీ,,, అన్నీ కూడా సంస్కృతం నుండే వొచ్చాయి. తమిళ్ బ్రిటీష్ కుక్కలు నేర్పలేదు.ఇక్కడిదే
No language is pure. And Tamil comes later than Sanskrit. Otherwise tamil would be mother of all Dravidian languages like how Sanskrit is. But Tamil is a sister language
@@sunilzizou What proof do you need. Tamil in it's earliest form is around 300 BC. When it diverged from proto Dravidian language. So other Dravidian languages too must have diverged around the same time. So nearly all old Dravidian languages share approximately the same timeline. Sanskrit meanwhile is at the start of the Vedic age which is around 2500 BC when the right Veda was first composed. But since it mentions Kabul and swat in Afghanistan and northern Pakistan which is now considered a foreign land, it's history is probably much older. And it's the mother of all Aryan languages. Don't bring the script into the discussion as the word brahmi (mother of all Indic scripts) is also most probably of Sanskrit origin
@@monishbeck3859 first of all you should know before the vedic period india had people example indus valley civilization, it has a script which is similar to the script found in TN in the recent archeological survey. Please check that out. Also at one point in history before the Aryans came, Tamizh was the language spoken in all of india. (READ Dr. BR AMBEDKAR speeches and writings). The sanskrit word Dravida is coming from the prakrit word Damila which is the word used for the Tamils. We should not be having this debate coz, it's now well established that Tamizh is older than sanskrit. Even PM Modi proclaimed it publicly last year.
Navin Kabra's videos are brilliant and insightful. This fascinating episode explores the sophisticated structure of the Sanskrit alphabet, its periodic table-like organization, and its systematic approach to sound production. A must-watch for language and science enthusiasts!💡
If you want to really know the different way to pronounce श स ष get to know Andhra Telugu person at e least 50+ years age and listen to him make the three sounds one after another , it’s not me but Gandhi was the first to notice and talk about this
Wonderful. I just realized that if we follow this, the फ़ in फ़ारसी can be added as a Fricative in the last row (starting with प) because it’s different from the Aspirated फ (which is an aspirated plosive) and is generated by putting the lower lip to the upper teeth (labio-dental fricative). Maybe we should add it to the बाराखडी! One small nit to pick at 19:29 - the spelling of grammar in the graphics needs to be corrected.
The fricative sounds do exist in Sanskrit even though there aren't separate fricative consonants. When a visarga is followed by प् or फ्, the visarga is pronounced as फ़ (labio-dental fricative). When a visarga is followed by क् or ख् , the visarga is pronounced as ख़ (velar fricative).
@@sialo1 During recitation of mantras if you encounter प् or फ् after a visarga like this: रामः पश्यति You should pronounce it as रामफ़् पश्यति This is called as जिह्वामूलीयः If you encounter क् or ख् after a visarga like this: बालकः खेलति You should pronounce it as बालकख़् खेलति This is called as उपध्मानीयः Even though फ़ and ख़ don't exist in Sanskrit, I have used the them only for representation.
@@TheFutureIQ Due to difficulty in usage and alternative pronunciations for the existing words using common sounds. Also, to begin with there were very few words with those sounds. Vowel La sounds
@@TheFutureIQbecause they weren't actually existing sounds in pure telugu or native telugu words, they been used for using sanskrit words eventually ppl come down to telugu and Sanskrit common sounds, there were other sounds that has no use in daily
Tamil sweetest(Amuthu) language in the world Tamil is the first language that appeared in the world and is the mother of the world languages. Tamil It means the nectar itself There is no other language in the world that can be spoken in written form except Tamil.
@@Ādi_Varāh his comment is an overstatement don't take him seriously but there's no such thing as oldest language in India. It's funny when people argue whether sanskrit or Tamil is older. Language always evolves with time .
@@ChannaJayawardhana-h1o அம் அம்மம் முலைப்பால் தாய்ப்பால் இதுவே அமுது மழை நீர் உயிர்களுக்கு அமுது. அமுது ---அமிர்து மெல்ல--மெது--ம்ருது Mother breastfeeds This is the elixir Rain water is elixir for life. Am am Ammam mother milk Am am amuthu Amudu---Amirtu Mella methu= soft Methu --mrthu Tamil words were slightly changed to Sanskrit. Kanchipuram Tamil Nadu Birthplace of Sanskrit. Jewish Brahmins who lived 3000 years ago also spoke Tamil.
A couple of points. ऌ can be similar to the "le" pronunciation in "table" and similar words by native speakers of English. ॡ is the longer version (deergha) version. Similary ॠ is the deergha of ऋ.
Books:
The Ashtadhyayi of Panini: tapthe.link/AshthPaniniBook
More videos for you:
Why Indian English is weird: th-cam.com/video/P4TcPyEt1fg/w-d-xo.html
Ancient India's advanced science: th-cam.com/video/O4pL_mmUeVA/w-d-xo.html
Sir, ek request, ek baar Tamil language and script and it's antiquity par ek content banaayenge please?
Talavya sa ,dant sa,murdant sa.these are three sa teached by my grandfather. 1.Talavya sa means upper part of mouth when touched by tongue first sa is pronounced .2 dant sa means when tongue touch the teeth second sa is pronounced.3 murdant sa is pronounced when tongue is slightly turned downward and sa is pronounced.
My mother tongue is Sindhi
And I really love my mother tongue
But if you will ask me, Hindi is the best langaage, theee besttt
@@vickeykooper2674 Why Tamil ? you need to look for Odia
एकस्याः भाषायाः विषये नाटकं मा रचयतु! एक लिपि, देवनागरी लिपि की बात करें! देशः स्वयमेव प्रतिदिनं बद्धः भविष्यति! एकं राष्ट्रं, एकं लिपिं प्रचारितव्यम्।
Aha! I’m a Kiwi struggling to learn Hindi remotely and I’ve just learned more in this 20 minutes than after more than a year of Duolingo.
Thank you! I hope you make good progress. -@Navin
@Zemaj I'm Kiwi based in Wellington
Because duolingo doesn't teach you anything. Buy a Hindi textbook and use it. That will help more than Duolingo. Also, find a native speaker of Hindi who can talk to you in Hindi fluently, so that you can get in actual Hindi practice and perhaps learn some more "slang-y" terms and constructions which might not be in a textbook.
@@TheFutureIQGrammar*
Indian languages are sound based languages that's why ancient indians kept the knowledge intact as it is by remembering the sound patterns. And that's why in hindu dharm recital and pronunciation of mantras are important. We are proud of our ancient culture. they were so scientific. The world knows about mathematical power of ancient indians.
A great feeling to go through your views!
@@kn_jpr9729 Yes, Indian languages have a phonetic alphabet.
@@kn_jpr9729 That’s why even Hindus don’t speak this ‘excellent’ language!
Sanskrit is like Hinduism- what you get is not what you see.
@sathiahalya3003 Yes, every alphabet has a unique sound or pronunciation. But same is not in many other languages.
This was where my Khmer language originated from Sanskrit from Northern India. Used to written on the Angkor Walls. The same sounds but more like Telugu written form.🥰🥰 I tried to make connection to where the origin of the linguistic of my Khmer alphabetic came from. Now, I am more enlightened that Sanskrit was our based mother tongue. Beautiful! 👏Thank you for making the sounds of the Sanskrit for me to hear.🙏
Yeah khemer chaddi from shadipur depot.
good to hear that. love to cambodia from india
On my trip to Angkor I bought a T shirt with Khmer letters, when I read them aloud, the girl selling them was flabbergasted, it was brahmi also on which my mother tongue Telugu script is based
@@skarumuru
Thank you for clarifying what I have been curious about and searched for the origin of my Khmer Language came from...the linguistic of its root. I knew it in my heart but just need it to be factual. Greatly Appreciate it!
It was Tamizh in vattu azhutu
Tamil has this interesting classification as well.
1) Val inam - Hard group - ka, ca, ta, tha, pa & Ra(ற) --> 1st column of Devnagari; In Devnagari each of these letters have Chathurvarga(four variations). Tamil grammar says it comes from the air that hits the throat.
2) Mel inam - Soft group - nga, nya, Na, nha(ந), ma & na(ன) --> Last column of Devnagari; These letters are called Udanpadu mei aka letters that come in conjunction with Hard group letters respectively(Similar to what you explained in maNdal). Tamil grammar says it comes from the air that hits the nose tip(top of the nose between eyes).
3) Idai Inam - Intermediate group - ya, ra(ர), la(ல), va, zha(ழ), La(ள) --> Following row after the above classification of Devnagari. Tamil grammar says they are inbetween the hard and soft.
In addition, we add another group -
4) Grantha letters (to represent Vadasol/ Northern words ie., Sanskrit) --> Next row in Devnagari
sha(ஷ), Sha(ஶ), sa(ஸ), ha(ஹ) and also ja(ஜ - represents 3rd and 4th varga of cha), xa(க்ஷ-ksha), ஸ்ரீ (only for shree; no shra, shraa, shri, shru , shruu, shre, shrae, shrai, shro and all)
In Tamil, the chathur varga is pronounced in its natural flow mostly when soft group letter adjoins with hard group letter.
Examples:
Anjanaa is a+ny+cha+naa (அ ஞ் ச னா) in Tamil. cha(ச) pronounced as ja(ஜ) here.
Mandalam is ma+N+ta+la+m (ம ண் ட ல ம்)in Tamil. ta(ட) pronounced as da here
There is lot lot more which I can explain. But I will stop here.
The systems had similarities or common origins or in someway transactional of their methods.
Note -
Special letters in Tamil:
1) Ra(ற)
2) na(ன) - Difference exists in writing only. Pronunced same as ந(nha).
3) zha(ழ)
4) q(ஃ) pronunced as 'hh' - Aaytham; This is rarely used. But in modern day we find it useful to represent Persian Za and Pha in muslim names by simply adding ஃ in front of ja and pa respectivly.
Example: Manzil is ma+n+ஃ(q)+ji+l. Fahadh is q(ஃ)+pa+ha+th.
The same thing was taught to us in Hindi classes.
Ka, kha, ga,gha Na comes from throat.
Cha, kcha, ja, jha, comes from teeth movements
🙏🏽you have blessings of Vac Devi🙏🏽
Excellent information
Awesome, thank you for the detailed explanation!
Because Both Sanskrit & Tamil language grammar books quote "Ainthiram", a lost Tamil linguistic Grammar (not Tamil or any language grammar. It is a linguistic book) book from which both these languages took rules to write their own grammar.
A kannada teacher was newly appointed to us in our 10th Standard (SSLC). In his first class, he asked us to write the Kannada Aksharamaale (Varnamaala) and Gunitakshara (Barakadi), And their pronunciations. 🤔This left us shocked and confused.😱 We wondered why this new teacher was making SSLC students write the syllabus of kinder Garden. We even worried whether we would pass Kannada in SSLC.😬
However, we were in for a surprise. 🤔Without us realizing it, he was reprogramming our minds to shift our focus from merely learning a subject to truly Understand and Realizing the language. In just a few months, he helped us grasp the grammar of the past nine years of study. As shocking as that first class was, our final exam results were equally astonishing, with many students scoring above 90% in Kannada.😎
He was, and still is, more than a teacher to me - A true Guru who continues to inspire me even today. I'm deeply grateful & forever indebt to him🙏. His name is C. V. RANGASHETTY.👼
Love it! A good teacher is so rare to find!
Please give my best to Mr. Rangashetty! 🙏
- Shrikant
I am Maharashtrian And I am in love with my Marathi ❤❤
वो लोग लिपि की बात कर रहे हैं भाषा की नहीं। सभी भारतीय भाषाएं समृद्ध है।
@@ashutoshrawal3130 he tumhala sangayachi garaj nahiye
Odia ❤ from Odisha , 👍👍👍
I am being as a Thamizhan i can tell bravely thamizh is the first language after combined with sanskrit several indian language came in chain reaction made by your favorite parpans or ariyans in order to destroy thamizhs culture
ळ exists in Sanskrth as rightly said, but only in Vedic Sanskrth, not in spoken Sanskrth.
ळ exists in all South Indian languages - Kannada, Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam & in Marathi.
ळ also exist in all western dialects of Hindi like Khariboli, Himanchali, Garhwai, Jaunsari, Haryanvi, Bangru, Mewari, Marwari, Mewati, and many more.
@@jonasdavies1806 but they don't use it
But it’s difficult to pronounce this vyanjan.
ळ exists in Punjabi (ਲ਼), Marathi, Gujarati (ળ), Odiya (ଳ), Western Dailects of Hindi (Kauravi, Haryanavi, Panchali). ळ existed in Vedic Sanskrit as well as Chalit Sanskrit, extensively used in Apabhranshas. So, it is not unique to Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada.
@@meonmaau7452! Yes we use it. All these Dailects use the sound. Infact ळ is used more extensively than ल in spoken form.
ळ exists in Sanskrit - अग्निमीळे पुरोहितं being the beginning of the first rk of the Rg Veda
Their inferiority complex about Marathi language that stoped them in discussing that sound and letter. Gujrati, Rajasthani also use ळ sound
ळ exists in Sanskrth as rightly said, but only in Vedic Sanskrth, not in spoken Sanskrth.
ळ exists in all South Indian languages - Kannada, Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam & in Marathi.
@@10ssr except Hindi and North East language, almost all of India uses ळ
@@10ssr as an odia
We do have ଳ/ळ/Ịa in both of our script and vocabulary....
Even it's the most important letter in odia, and a part of our cultural identity...
Like it's ଉତ୍କଳ/उत्कळ/UtkaỊa✅
ଉତ୍କଲ /उत्कल /Utkal❌
କଳିଙ୍ଗ/कळिन्ग/KaỊinga✅
କଲିଂଗ/कलिंग/Kaling❌
But morden roman/English don't have these letters... So, we r forced to write it as La instead of Ḷa
@@10ssr is that the same as Gujarati ળ
You are forgetting that the classification is based the source from where the sound originates like कण्ठ्य, दन्त्य, तालव्य, मूर्धन्य, ओष्ठ्य. Also sub classification like कठोर and कोमल. While grouping two adjacent columns you could have mentioned this difference of कठोर, कोमल.
Sorry, in a video, we have to strike a balance about what is the right level of detail, and this got skipped. I is covered in the accompanying article: futureiq.substack.com/p/the-elegance-of-the-devanagari-script
-@Navin
00:33 I was taught well at home and I pronounce the sounds ङ & ञ perfectly well. However, the pronunciation of ऋ & क्ष has to be adapted according to the language spoken whether it is Marathi, Hindi, Nepali, Sindhi or Sanskrit.
The R sound of kRishna is not there in Tamil as you were telling though.. In Tamil we write Krishna as "Kirushna" (K becomes Ki because according to Tamil grammar rules first letter of any word shouldn't start with a plain consonant sound, but while saying the "i" sound won't be stretched, it would be very subtle).. infact even 'sh','h','j','s' sound doesn't naturally exist in Tamil, they were later adopted into the script as "northern" letters after influence of sanskrit..highly suggest you to do a video on Tamil sounds and grammar too, would be really interesting
Actually name ‘Northern Letters' for ஷ,ஸ,ஜ,ஹ letters is also a later adoption, they were originally called ‘Granthaksharam’
'h' sound belonging is subjective. Because I have heard many dialects in central and south TN which pronounce the nga as ha like varanga as vararha.. Dialect differences but still h is not foreign to tamil. g and h are somewhat replaceable. H letter is adopted from Sanskrit but not H sound
@@Ādi_Varāh no they were called vadasol
vak suddhi is really important. lots of love from NEPAL.
I'm just 4 minutes into the video, but I'm loving it! I have for trying to explain these very things to people for years and years, because most of my own Indian friends have no idea why the sounds of our languages are arranged and written the way they are. When he put his hand on his voicebox, to explain unvoiced versus voiced consonants, I just knew this guy knows his stuff. This is exactly how I explain the difference. These concepts exist in other Indo-European languages too, but they are equally blind to these ideas until someone explains it to them. They explain why there's an N in coNtest, but an M in coMpound. N goes with T, and M goes with P. You see this clearly in the arrange of the Devanagari alphabet, but it is not at all obvious in the Latin script. Let me watch the rest of the video, and maybe I'll add more comments.
Perfect. Thanks. Carry on.
Thank you so much for the Super Thanks! We appreciate your support very much! ♥️
- Team FIQ
00:33 The "ङ" (Ng) sound is perfectly pronounce. Many North Indian people can't correctly pronounce & There is no word starting with ङ in Hindi but, In Northeast Indian languages many words & names started & mostly used the ङ (Ng) sound.
As a person who loves linguistics and scripts, this video is a MUST for people who have this same thirst for knowledge. When I first learnt these things, there was nobody to explain it in such a fun and intuitive way, and as you first learn the basics of linguistics, these things click in your head. More specifically, Devanagari is an alphasyllabary, the ultimate type of writing system (according to me). Thank you Dr. Navin, for bringing to light these things to more people. This stuff should be taught in schools, because it will make life for students easier instead of blindly learning.
Thank you for such amazingly kind words, I'll make sure Navin sees this! :)
- Shrikant
This is to be remembered
विद्या विनायेन शोभते।
Pride, arrogance, ego does not behove a knowledgeable person.
Red shirt man realising now 😂
We got to know this in class V when Sanskrit was taught as subject.
Not everyone have Sanskrit as a subject. Don't be this ignorant
@@RachaelWill Also not everyone has good sanskrit teachers even if its taught, just like me
I thought its a basic thing anyone can figure out, without anyone specifically saying
Excellent Sir!!!!
Whatta scientific way, esp the sha sound.
Thank you
Brilliant information.
Naveen, how did you loose your thumb?
I am so glad I am not the only one thats lived life confused about the two sha's. Thank you for this beautiful explanation ❤
Regards from South Africa
Brilliant, this has really explained beautifully thanks
Such videos should be used our teachers so that our children will love to learn the language
Man, I so needed to know this. Thanks for these deep dive sessions. I can now better appreciate Indian languages, which was always so easier to write and read compared to foreign ones.
Yupp, English spellings are nightmares and French spellings are even bigger nightmares.
Thankfully I learnt through marathi medium, blessed with best marathi teachers who tought us these things in school only
ohh man...came here after reading your tweets on Devnagari script. Saw the topics of your other videos and immediately subscribed. 😊 Topics and titles are so interesting. Keep it up. 👍
Thank you!
Awesome. Thank you so much. Will share it with all my Samskrit students
The Maheshwara Sutra in Samskrit shows all these rules in just a few verses.
कितनी बढ़िया बात है, अपनी ही भाषा की प्रशंसा करते है, हमारी भाषा ऐसी है वैसी है, और फिर भी अंततः इसकी व्याख्या के लिए विदेशी भाषा पर निर्भर रहते है... बहुत सुंदर... हिंदी और संस्कृत बोल भी लिया करो जब इतना ही फिक्र है तो या सिर्फ दिखावा के लिए है...
क्योंकि देवनागरी लिपि के बारे में हिन्दी और मराठी लोगो को (शायद) पहले से जानकारी है। इस विडियो द्वारा हमारा प्रयास था की अंग्रेज़ी बोलनेवालों को देवनागरी लिपि की सुंदरता से परिचित कराएं।
और अगर हर इन्सान सिर्फ अपनी ही भाषा बोलने का निश्चय करे तो किसी भी भाषा की वृद्धि नहीं होगी। भाषा और प्रेम दोनों बांटने से ही बढ़ते हैं।
- Shrikant
@@TheFutureIQ माफ करें... मुझे आपके लक्ष्य का अनुमान नहीं था... मैं अपने शब्दों को वापस लेता हू... आपका कार्य अति सराहनीय है... आप इसे जारी रखें...
Very well explained. I'm happy to have found this informative channel.
Navin Kabra Ji & Shrikant Joshi Ji, thank you for this Video ❤👍
One of the most informative videos on Hindi to me. So very thankful this exists.
In Malayalam, that child crying sound is used perfectly - nja (spelt almost like nya). Most of the sounds are there in Malayalam, retained from Sanskrit-Old Tamil.
മലയാളി ഡാ
एकस्याः भाषायाः विषये नाटकं मा रचयतु! एक लिपि, देवनागरी लिपि की बात करें! देशः स्वयमेव प्रतिदिनं बद्धः भविष्यति! एकं राष्ट्रं, एकं लिपिं प्रचारितव्यम्।
@@parvinsanchetifuck No, we don't need a one language model. If that happens this country will break
@@parvinsanchetiSome Cow belt ppl are jealous of South Indian Languages .
Oneupone a time Malayali was tamizh people ...... sanskrit mixed will come Malayalam language 😢😢
Aware and knowledgeable man! Thank-you for this video and making me aware of the proper pronunciation of my own language. आपका बहुत आभार ❤
Perfection always starts as imperfection
So sanskrit is not mother of all languages but a result of perfection of phonetic and written language.
@@orangesite7625 no it's not mother all of languages so shut it
@@sunilzizou bro r u blind?
@@orangesite7625 don't be Naive buddy, sanskrit influence is the because of the religion otherwise we have better languages
@@sunilzizouu Dumb or what? Even apart religious beleif sanskrit has most defined grammar in the world
@@NormieRajmaChawal until you know grammar of other languages, just lookup tamizh for example, sanskrit is way inferior to tamizh
Didn't sancrit have an order to it so the linguists just made a approximate default place and manner of articulation chart?
Wonderful podcast!
Please shed some light on why the rows have been organised the way they are, as in, why do retroflex sounds follow palatal sounds, even though air coming out of the throat touches the roof of the mouth before touching the palat?
I'm at around the 14:00 minute mark. While I agree that the R of kRshna has changed in Gujarati, Hindi, Marathi and other languages, and it is because people were not aware of or taught how to pronounce it, there is no reason to not pronounce it accurately now. I am very curious about whether there will be an explanation for the pronunciation of V/W, because this is yet another very complex topic, especially for Indian speakers who mix up these sounds.
Watch their last video, the one before this
@@vatsalj7535 I just watched the other video, where they did briefly, discuss V/W, but I was disappointed by it. I have left a comment there with the details of why I didn't like their discussion of these sounds.
Regarding the R (ऋ) sound: What is "accurate pronunciation"? Language evolves and the right thing for us to do is to move with the times. So "ri" is the correct pronunciation in Hindi, "ru" is the correct pronunciation in Marathi, and what we talked about in the video is the correct pronunciation in Sanskrit.
@@TheFutureIQ I agree that languages evolves, and sounds change. But I disagree with writing ऋ and pronouncing it as RI or RU. I believe that our ancestors understood language and linguistics brilliantly, and took great care in devising a writing system that is phonetic. If you want to pronounce ऋ as RI or RU in Hindi/Marathi/Gujarati, then write it as RI or RU, not ऋ. Many Indian people ridicule English for its crazy writing system, which does not match the pronunciation of the language. And then, we Indians are doing the same with our language, by writing something one way, and pronouncing it as another. Aren't we then guilty of starting to create the same problem as in English? I'm not here to bash you or anything, but to make my opinion known. I adore logic, and will always stand on the side of things being logical.
Its amazing. Sanskriti language is easy on the basis of grammar but its very difficult to pronounce and find difference between one or two words but if we have teacher like this sir then its easy 😊
Surprisingly informative!
8:00
they arent all approximants: य and व as allophone /w/ are approximants but र is a tap/trill and ल is a lateral fricative
they are all, however, liquids and that column should be named as thus :)
Thanks for the correction. You are right (we copied from Wikipedia which has this approximation)! -@Navin
Very informative.
Let's keep learning .
Did I missed ए,ऐ,ओ,औ..
A + e is ey ai and a + u is o. ,ow
Those are a little too complicated so we skipped them 🙁
9:36
I somehow got this difference from Thamizh . Where च, स, श has a same letter ।
ஓம் நம சிவாய
Sir your video is really amazing. Wish teachers taught this way
Such great explanation of the Hindi sounds. Thanks 🙏
Informative as well as entertaining also...
Excellent 👌
Thank you
-navin
Sir, those fifth sounds of each varga, as we call it, if that how u call it too, is widely used in Malayalam with profound accuracy with which conveying meaning would totally fail. Also, Krishna's kr in our language is the same as in Sanskrit. We haven't replaced it. The vowel is ഋ. കൃഷ്ണ. This is the symbol when it combines with the vowel in Krishna. Vowel 'lu' has some words in Malayalam. But they're now being replaced with the consonant 'la'.
There is no native script for Sanskrit. Sanskrit was a purely oral language without any written script. Even renowned grammar books and religious epics were composed orally and memorised. When other Indian languages had written scripts, even then Sanskrit remained unwritten oral language. When eventually it was put in writing, the Brahmi script was used for many centuries. Using Devanagari script for writing Sanskrit came much later. So equating Devanagari script with Sanskrit is incorrect
Hmm
But devanagri is the most beautiful script I've seen. Each letter is so unique.
@@TKInternational76Have you seen Kannada and Indonesian?
Probably the writer of comment is having very less knowledge about Sanskrit.
I think the writer of this comment has 0% knowledge about the origin of sanskrit and how many epics were written down on bark/leaves/naturally occurring things.....
😊
When it comes to pronouncing ' ऋ ' one can say , it lies between ' र ' and ' रु'.
Knowledge without Pride/glory feeling is the only problem in our country. I found this from these two guys talk.
I believe pride is never good.
Nationalism and pride dumbfies you
So if someone has a name including all letters of the same row (excluding matra) must ve some significance or these things ve to be taken care of.
I simply love your content!
Would you please give a video on most difficult Indian languages?
Sorry, unfortunately, we have no expertise in that area -@Navin
you missed how many urban hindi speakers don't exactly know the correct pronunciation of the alphabet 'फ' (pha) they always pronounce it as 'फ़' (fa)
here are some hindi words that originated from sanskrit and their correct pronunciation
e.g: it's phool not fool
it's phir not fir
it's saphalta not safalta
it's phatna not fatna
it's phailna not failna
ps: hindi is derived from sanskrit which doesn't have any 'fa' sounding word. but urdu words like 'fauji' 'farz' 'sirf' 'fursat' and 'faltu' are pronounced different.
In Telugu also same as this
Hindi is derived from khadi boli. The 'fa' sound us negligible there. It's very tatbhav heavy. Sanskrit based tatram words are additions in standard Hindi along with additional sounds like 'fa' to allow speaking persian loan words in a "pure" way. And similar other things are there too.
That would be a fricative of the प row
Actually Vedic Sanskrit had the f sound. It was called upadhmaniya. Look it up
@@shahanshahpolonium upadhmaniya literally means "aspirate" like the aspirate of क is ख, ग is घ, च is छ, ज is झ, ट is ठ and so on
What is correct ज्ञ =dnya( मराठी )
Or ज्ञ = gya (हिंदी )
gya with nasal sound is correct since it is combination of two letters - third and fifth nasal letter of cha line.
Both are wrong.
ज् + ञ = ज्ञ . There is no ग (g) ,द(d) , न (n) & य(y).
Then how to write this ज् (j) + ञ (ñ) = ज्ञ (jña).
So, the correct way to write abd pronunce it is jña. But since English doesn't have ñ we replace it with n.
So, ज्ञ = jna.
Therefore, ज्ञान = jnaan is the correct way to write and pronounce.
Tongue positions:
(this chart is apt completely for Tamil language and partially for Sanskrit language because र becomes retroflex and ल becomes dental in Sanskrit which eliminates the whole ㄴ= alveolar row. Also, no ழ, ள, ற & ன letters in sanskrit)
*ㅇ = ஃ । । । । ஹ
*ㄱ = {க, ங}। । । ।
* ㅈ = {ச, ஞ}। {ய} । । ।ஜ,ஶ
* ㄷ= {ட, ண}। । {ழ, ள}। ।ஷ
* ㄴ= ।{ர, ல}। । {ற, ன}।
* 느 = {த, ந}। । । ।ஸ
* 므 = । {வ} । । ।
* ㅁ = {ப, ம}। । । ।
ㅇ= Glottal, ㄱ= Velar, ㅈ= Palatal, ㄷ= Retroflex,
ㄴ= Alveolar, 느= Dental, 므= Labiodental &
ㅁ= Bilabial
One can clearly see that the tongue position of both the ஜ(ज) & ஞ (ञ) are ㅈ. Middle part of the tongue should touch the roof of the mouth.
So, ज् + ञ = ज्ञ i.e. ஜ் + ஞ = ஜ்ஞ will also have ㅈthis tongue position only while pronouncing.
ज्ञ can be written in latin alphabet as jña.
So, ज्ञानम् will be jñānam or jñaanam.
dnya is correct for Marathi.
gya is correct for Hindi.
jnya is correct for Sanskrit.
They are different languages.
may be njaa correct too
Finally learnt the difference between श and ष. Thank you so much. And a word which often uses लृ is क्लृप्ती. So may be लृ is not that outdated. That apart, kudos to Navin Sir's depth of research and Shrikant's tenaciousness. 😀👌🏻
Studied these concepts in 8th-9th standard Assamese grammar. Letters are written differently but concepts are quite the same.
After Sanskrit, in Indian languages Kannada is most classic language, resembling to Sanskrit. It's script also most beautiful among world languages. In Kannada what pronounces that will be exactly written without any exceptions, this can not happen in few languages. Hence it is called as " QUEEN " of all languages in the world.
Telugus also can make this claim !
@@subbaraokarnam5195 both kannada and telgu have sanskrit influence so it's obvious
Kannada has the greatest number of alphabets than any Indian Languages. Any Indian word can be written and pronounced in Kannada exactly the same way it is pronounced in native Indian language.
@@sunilzizou Sanskrit does not have its own script. It uses Devanagari script. Devanagari script was used by Pali and Prakrut language in North India. English language uses Latin alphabets. Similarly, Sanskrit uses Devanagari alphabets. Sanskrit is not the mother of other Indian languages as it is being narrated.
@@gopil6740 Not kannada , it is malayalam that contains all letters from sanskrit as well as tamil .
Kannada doesnt have the letter ZHA and the short U pronounciations as in tamil.
The phenomes or the pronunciation is the aspect of Sanskrit language and not script
Script is a way of representing the constructs of a language. And Devanagri script is very very new compared to Brahmi, sharada or Kharosthi, in which Sanskrit was written. Even Sount Indian languages languages like Tamil, kannada, Telugu, Oriya , Tibeteanare older than Devanagri
Bija aksharas also develop our subtle system, all chakras in the body
No offense but I found some minor errors in the chart:
1. A approximent retroflex(the ट row pronounced by tugging the tongue back) is a ड़ /ɽ/ not a र /ɹ/.
2. The ह is not a fricative velar(the place where क row is pronounced) /h/ but a /x/ which here in Assam is different from a ह(হ) which is a ख़(শ).
3. It groups 2 sets of sounds(palatals and post-alveolars) in the same row but that is understandable.
Whats wrong with the red shirt guy, can't you be serious for couple of minutes
You are right, he's annoying.
😂😂😂
Nothing IS wrong with him. YOU, FOUND something wrong in him. I, FOUND the whole episode valuable as well as enjoyable. Why does seeking knowledge have to always be SERIOUS?
If someone irritates you, it is only your own response that is irritating you. Therefore, when anyone seems to be provoking you, remember that it is only your judgment of the incident that provokes you. -
Epictetus
you can read devnagri script mostly everywhere in india . Devnagari means:The Devanagari script, composed of 47 primary characters including 14 vowels and 33 consonants, is the fourth most widely adopted writing system in the world, being used for over 120 languages.
example: Apabhramsha, Awadhi, Bhili, Bhojpuri, Bodo, Braj, Chhattisgarhi, Dogri, Gujarati, Garhwali Haryanvi, Hindi, Hindustani, Kashmiri, Konkani,Kumaoni, Magahi, Maithili, Marathi, Marwari, Mundari, Newari, Nepali, Pāḷi, Pahari, Prakrit, Rajasthani, Sadri, Sanskrit, Santali, Saraiki, Sherpa, Sindhi, Surjapuri, and many more.
In sanskirt varnamala we have alpa prana mahaprana and anunasika. Means less stressed more stressed and nasal tone. That is how the phonetics works folks
मराठी ✅ जय महाराष्ट्र 🚩
Enjoyed this video a lot.
Maybe you can throw light on "Sanskrit is written and Prakrit is spoken." Or it maybe the other way round.
Sanskrit itself derived from TAMIL only sir. Samaskritham means MODIFIED LANGUAGE. The 2 or 3 tamil words shrinken and included as one word . Devanagari is not .its DEVAN KEER or KEERI.
The speaker has taken deva nagari as an example. The same letters of 5 by 5 matrix, is used in many other scripts, like Bangla, Odiya, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Gujarati, Gurumukhi
Language is always oral ,the script and grammar comes later and changes overtime.
Vanakam!
Do you have some idea about Tamil language which is oldest in India. older than sanskrit.
tell me, why pm Modi uses verses from Thirukkural here and there?
Moreover, he says " yaathum oore Yaavarum Kelir' in his UN speech.
Why? But he is not allocating sufficient fund for promotion of Tamil language across the world?
Any idea about Sithars from Tamil?
thanks a lot.
@@studypurpose7804no where it's mentioned tamizh as oldest.
Neither samskrtam nor tamizh are oldest.
@@chandanamondal5771
Just type the below in youtube and see the video.
"Surprise ! Narendra Modi on Tamil | Oldest Language| Older than Sanskrit"
@@chandanamondal5771but definitely tamil is older than Sanskrit
I’m from Tamilnadu. So proud to say this as my mother tongue is oldest language in the world and mother of all the languages 😊
No it's Telugu
@@HD-ms3zu what Telugu ? 😂
🤡🤡🤡
If you learn Linguistics you will understand there is no single oldest language or single root for all languages . There are nearly 7000 languages in the world which are classified in to 147 language families depending on different roots they have. Eg - The root of Sino tibetan language family is proto sino tibetan language , root of indo aryan language family is vedic sanskrit and so on. ❤
Well the Indian sub Continent drifted from Africa ! @PurkaitSujay-hj2kw
My question is how these sounds are translated into visual forms? Phonetics to Graphics ? I mean
That's a long history where each language takes some elements of older languages (e.g. Devanagari evolved from Nagari which evolved from Brahmi which evolved from Aramaic which evolved from Proto-Sinaitic which evolved from Egyptian hieroglyphs -@Navin
Do the gaps in the "periodic" table of the alphabet correspond to letters that are probably lost to us? I'd like to see a video talking about those gaps!
Rather no such letter can phonetically exist in those gaps
I think Odia Language is more nearer to Sanskrit ...
एकस्याः भाषायाः विषये नाटकं मा रचयतु! एक लिपि, देवनागरी लिपि की बात करें! देशः स्वयमेव प्रतिदिनं बद्धः भविष्यति! एकं राष्ट्रं, एकं लिपिं प्रचारितव्यम्।
@@velu1671 stop it.
DNA analysis is already proving aryan migration as wrong.
It's an Eastern Indian language? I speak it. But we say Nin not niontu, jauchhan not jauchhanti. We say jol_ not Pani and Krisno not krusno.
Languages derived from Magadhi Prakrit are more close to Sanskrit in thir grammar like Bhojpuri, Bengali, Assamese, Odia, etc.
Nearest to Sanscrit is Malayalam❤
For a perfect script why does it not have the sound F and Z
Thanks for the video. Pls look up Velar, Palatal, Retroflex, Dental and Bilabial for the official names of the five rows. Pls do differentiate between language and script. Also, this classification is not unique to Devnagari, but is common to many Neo-Brahmic languages.
There is a better way to distinguish between Unvoiced and Voiced stops. First, say the sibilants "sssss" and "zzzzz"...they both sound very similar. But now, close your ears using your index finger, and say both these sibilants again, and see the difference between them. It is really striking.
Kannada is also scientifically perfect language ❤.
Most scientific language
bro i am kannadiga myself, No language on this Earth is Scientific not even English which runs the whole of Science and Technology
Sanskrit is the besis for kannadakke kooda
Kannada is unique rich
I agree...but many people still don't know that Kannada language exists and it matches 99.9 % with Sanskrit .
This is just so lovely.Never seen this despiting studying Hondi for more than a decade.
Why tamilian and Dravidian shouting in comment section...they not say anything about you language...they just respresenting and talking about there own language
Because they mentioned sanskrit is the mother of all languages in the video title. Is not that misleading?
@@bhuvaneshwaranm7290no it's not
It is
mother of all languages is tamil...
@@bhuvaneshwaranm7290yes it’s misleading💀
If something is explained in beautiful and interesting way we can make someone believe anything . Thats how I feel when I watch this video. Your justification that Sanskrit is monther of all launguage is great. If it is such a great language may I know why it isn't spoken, except very few groups......
😂😅😊
We have that also here in Javanese language. Such as like NGHA,PYA,KHA,GHA,BHA,MHA,THA etc.
Tami has a phonetic alphabet.
Each alphabet is distinguishable.
Tamil and Devanagari are both not up to mark, Devanagari is better, others are better.
One has to distinguish between letter and alphabet.
But does Tamil have different alphabet for cha and SA and ja ?
@@sainadh7These two are letters not alphabets of Tamil. An alphabet ( वर्ण माला) of a script is made up of letters (अक्षर). English alphabet written in the Roman script has 26 letters like a, b, c....
@@rajendersharma1334 yes that's right. But I was expecting an answer to my question.
How I found this? What a lucky day. Wish I can meet this teacher. Why why why were we not taught all this way. I am going to share this with 1000 people.
Imagine how lucky I consider myself to be able to learn about such diverse topics from Navin every single week! :)
- Shrikant
the sounds at the end come naturally when the "na/ma" sound is added before the chaturvyanjanas.
Tamil and Sanskrit.... Do not say it's only Sanskrit... Only Indian who claim it's Sanskrit but if you go outside they say it's both Tamil And Sanskrit.
Vanakam!
Do you have some idea about Tamil language which is oldest in India. older than sanskrit.
tell me, why pm Modi uses verses from Thirukkural here and there?
Moreover, he says " yaathum oore Yaavarum Kelir' in his UN speech.
Why? But he is not allocating sufficient fund for promotion of Tamil language across the world?
Any idea about Sithars from Tamil?
thanks a lot.
@@studypurpose7804 no where it's proved tamizh as oldest.
Both samskrtam and tamizh are good enough to be oldest.
Also, as per many scientists, both of them aren't the oldest.
@@chandanamondal5771
Just type the below in youtube and see the video.
"Surprise ! Narendra Modi on Tamil | Oldest Language| Older than Sanskrit"
Nice jock tamil and sanskrit are not oldest language these are civilized languages and there is no any very oldest scriptures of tamil and sanskrit 😂 north Indians says Asok's scriptures are related to sanskrit but in Prakrit and some pali and pali was the language of nalanda and vikramshila. Pali was rich language but it is not exist pali is mother of sanskrit and tamil that's why I am telling you because of their script 😂 jai Bharat
@@Bhartiye-f4v why pm Modi says tamil older than Sanskrit, and Tamil has vast literature ?
Sanskrit is root for all North Indian and some south indian language Except Tamil.... You should understand Tamil is also greatest language like Sanskrit
did he said anything about tamil?
@@shivmohan99681 he mentioned root for all languages in thumbnail.. so our duty to clarify except Tamil... Because most of the north Indian even they r educatted they believe Sanskrit is mother for all languages in India including Tamil...
Take the letters प and ष As we add a cut to प we get ष
It is so in Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and Deva nagari. Possibly, in other Indian scripts also.
This is a very interesting observation! Thank you for pointing it out! For प and ष to be written with such "similar changes" in multiple scripts is indeed a very curious thing!
- Shrikant
Sanskrit should be made compulsory in Schools across India
@youdontknow-gz3nh
Why not in south?
Vanakam!
Do you have some idea about Tamil language which is oldest in India. older than sanskrit.
tell me, why pm Modi uses verses from Thirukkural here and there?
Moreover, he says " yaathum oore Yaavarum Kelir' in his UN speech.
Why? But he is not allocating sufficient fund for promotion of Tamil language across the world?
Any idea about Sithars from Tamil?
thanks a lot.
@@studypurpose7804
తమిళ్, తెలుగు, మలయాళం, కన్నడ, బిహారీ, ఒడిస్సీ, రాజస్థానీ, బెంగాలీ,,,
అన్నీ కూడా సంస్కృతం నుండే వొచ్చాయి.
తమిళ్ బ్రిటీష్ కుక్కలు నేర్పలేదు.ఇక్కడిదే
@@studypurpose7804don't lie..
@@pkchethan3245 why pm modi says tamil is older than sanskrit , and tamil has vast literatures infront of school children in new delhi ??
There is nothing perfect than to have a social media platform that makes the perfection of other things possible!
Indian languages👽
Tamil language with a purity 🔥😼🔥
No language is pure.
And Tamil comes later than Sanskrit.
Otherwise tamil would be mother of all Dravidian languages like how Sanskrit is.
But Tamil is a sister language
@@monishbeck3859 If you think Thamizh has no purity, that is your mentality on Thamizh & THAMIZHAR
@@monishbeck3859bullshit. Do you have any proof what you claim?
@@sunilzizou What proof do you need.
Tamil in it's earliest form is around 300 BC. When it diverged from proto Dravidian language. So other Dravidian languages too must have diverged around the same time. So nearly all old Dravidian languages share approximately the same timeline.
Sanskrit meanwhile is at the start of the Vedic age which is around 2500 BC when the right Veda was first composed. But since it mentions Kabul and swat in Afghanistan and northern Pakistan which is now considered a foreign land, it's history is probably much older.
And it's the mother of all Aryan languages.
Don't bring the script into the discussion as the word brahmi (mother of all Indic scripts) is also most probably of Sanskrit origin
@@monishbeck3859 first of all you should know before the vedic period india had people example indus valley civilization, it has a script which is similar to the script found in TN in the recent archeological survey. Please check that out. Also at one point in history before the Aryans came, Tamizh was the language spoken in all of india. (READ Dr. BR AMBEDKAR speeches and writings). The sanskrit word Dravida is coming from the prakrit word Damila which is the word used for the Tamils. We should not be having this debate coz, it's now well established that Tamizh is older than sanskrit. Even PM Modi proclaimed it publicly last year.
I was taught this 40 years ago. Don't blame teachers if you didn't pay attention in the class. It was there in vyakaran book.
Tamil is the oldest living language....mother of indigenous Dravidian language family
Come out of the Well 😂
Navin Kabra's videos are brilliant and insightful. This fascinating episode explores the sophisticated structure of the Sanskrit alphabet, its periodic table-like organization, and its systematic approach to sound production. A must-watch for language and science enthusiasts!💡
Thanks for the kind words!
-navin
My school teacher said using sh has to be instinctive and habit.
If you want to really know the different way to pronounce श स ष get to know Andhra Telugu person at e least 50+ years age and listen to him make the three sounds one after another , it’s not me but Gandhi was the first to notice and talk about this
7:41 wrong. Approximants the tongue touches but only slightly and not blocking the air flow.
Plz make some more videos like this
I'm making sure that my children's hindi teachers get to see this podcast
Wonderful. I just realized that if we follow this, the फ़ in फ़ारसी can be added as a Fricative in the last row (starting with प) because it’s different from the Aspirated फ (which is an aspirated plosive) and is generated by putting the lower lip to the upper teeth (labio-dental fricative). Maybe we should add it to the बाराखडी!
One small nit to pick at 19:29 - the spelling of grammar in the graphics needs to be corrected.
The fricative sounds do exist in Sanskrit even though there aren't separate fricative consonants.
When a visarga is followed by प् or फ्, the visarga is pronounced as फ़ (labio-dental fricative).
When a visarga is followed by क् or ख् , the visarga is pronounced as ख़ (velar fricative).
@@Eternal_Servant_Of_Vaiṣṇavas I’m not sure I understand - examples please?
@@sialo1 During recitation of mantras if you encounter प् or फ् after a visarga like this:
रामः पश्यति
You should pronounce it as रामफ़् पश्यति
This is called as जिह्वामूलीयः
If you encounter क् or ख् after a visarga like this:
बालकः खेलति
You should pronounce it as बालकख़् खेलति
This is called as उपध्मानीयः
Even though फ़ and ख़ don't exist in Sanskrit, I have used the them only for representation.
@@Eternal_Servant_Of_Vaiṣṇavas Wow wonderful. You truly taught me something new.
@@sialo1 Glad that I could share from my little knowledge.
Ta tha da dha na row vowels were found in Telugu until last century.
Oh... Any idea why they went away?
@@TheFutureIQ Due to difficulty in usage and alternative pronunciations for the existing words using common sounds. Also, to begin with there were very few words with those sounds. Vowel La sounds
@@TheFutureIQbecause they weren't actually existing sounds in pure telugu or native telugu words, they been used for using sanskrit words eventually ppl come down to telugu and Sanskrit common sounds, there were other sounds that has no use in daily
@@invisible9299 But as a concept I have studied them in my Telugu classes in school. Long ago.
@@krishnaats7141 many sounds and words from different languages are now part of standard or modern telugu to cover all aspects irrespective of orgin
Still you have not complete knowledge of Devanagari language. Do you know from where all these CHARACTERS taken from If know reply.
Tamil sweetest(Amuthu) language in the world
Tamil is the first language that appeared in the world and is the mother of the world languages.
Tamil
It means the nectar itself
There is no other language in the world that can be spoken in written form except Tamil.
Yes there is evidence that Australopithecus spoke Tamizh.
@@Ādi_Varāh his comment is an overstatement don't take him seriously but there's no such thing as oldest language in India.
It's funny when people argue whether sanskrit or Tamil is older.
Language always evolves with time .
Isn't AMUTHU derived from sanskrit AMURTHA...?
Tamil first Lang of world...😂...joke....😂😂😂
@@ChannaJayawardhana-h1o அம் அம்மம் முலைப்பால் தாய்ப்பால்
இதுவே அமுது
மழை நீர் உயிர்களுக்கு அமுது.
அமுது ---அமிர்து
மெல்ல--மெது--ம்ருது
Mother breastfeeds
This is the elixir
Rain water is elixir for life.
Am am Ammam mother milk
Am am amuthu
Amudu---Amirtu
Mella methu= soft
Methu --mrthu
Tamil words were slightly changed to Sanskrit.
Kanchipuram Tamil Nadu Birthplace of Sanskrit.
Jewish Brahmins who lived 3000 years ago also spoke Tamil.
A couple of points. ऌ can be similar to the "le" pronunciation in "table" and similar words by native speakers of English. ॡ is the longer version (deergha) version. Similary ॠ is the deergha of ऋ.