30:18 Correction: He said Tokkyo (特許 patent), not Tokyo. The entire sentence is: We made the patent open to everyone, which made the QR code so popular.
Error correction is the purest form of magic that I've ever come across in mathematics. It's like that children's trick where you take someone's birthday, add, subtract, multiply and divide it with some numbers and then guessing the original number from the result. That, but taken several steps further. It's honestly magical to me every time I think about it. P.S. I was gearing up to write a 'long video but still no full form of QR' comment but you unexpectedly blindsided me with it at the end. Well played, good sir.
2 follows 1, 3 follows 2. It's pretty simple, just keep going. Once you have the basic code for higher dimensions, you just run it out to 15. Could be 100, just keep looping. It is simple. Let the computer do the work. They like "complex" things like that. lol
@@paddor And that's why you didn't make the video. This video isn't made for people who have intrinsic and intimate understandings of higher dimensions, or at least not specifically. It's a helpful visualisation of how they actually affect the topic at hand in a way that is easier to understand for the average layman.
It’s definitely really cool stuff, but it wasn’t invented by this guy who made the QR code. The error correcting codes themselves have been around since the 1960s, he just decided how to organize the information about which level of error correction is used.
Try an experiment, find yourself an (audio) CD, a corresponding player and a black marker, ideally one that can be washed off with iso, and then start painting sectoral covers, just paint 4 or more radial lines from the centre and start expanding them. You should be able to cover almost a quarter of the area before error correction gives up.
@@dougdouglass6126 But it was implemented in a simple functional system that is now universal. It is like you are bitching about Rembrandt because he didn't invent paint.
Indonesians are also really into using QR codes. They’ve even standardized QR payments with something called QRIS (with IS standing for "Indonesia Standard"; also a pun of keris, a traditional Indonesian weapon). What’s craaaazzyy about QRIS is that it accepts payments virtually from any bank and any e-wallet. At first, each payment provider had its own QR code, but now it's just QRIS everywhere. From minimarkets to restaurants, and even street vendors/peddlers on the roadside! It’s wild!
What's really crazy is few of the south east asian countries actually made these QR payment cross border capable, As a Malaysian I can use my DuitNow QR capable banking app to pay for something in Indonesia by scanning the same QRIS QR Code
For those that are convinced that SOS is an acronym a quick Wikipedia search explains that, originally (in 1906), SOS was chosen because is easy to remember and to read. The idea that it is an acronym for "save our souls" or even "save our ship" emerged years later as a way to help in remembering it. Fun fact, this phenomenon in which a meaning is invented for a sequence of letter is called a backronym
It’s still a pity that ‘Big V’ asserts the ‘code’ was invented by Morse. It was not, he merely ‘popularised’ it 🤬 I guess I’m wasting my breath pointing out that it’s not a ‘code’, it’s a cypher. NaYa. 🤓👍
*Are you kidding me....* I just spent _two weeks_ researching how QR codes are made and implementing my own generator... and then days later you drop _this_ , revealing all of my laboriously-gained arcane knowledge to the masses in half an hour.
The good news is: The masses will not gain the knowledge you have acquired through hard work. The other news is: how much good this knowledge will do you, depends on your next step.
I learned about QR codes around the time when I was studying linear algebra, and thought they must be related to the QR algorithm and QR decomposition.
3:06 - Not only did real-time DEcoding of Morse Code come as a surprise to Morse and manufacturers, but real-time ENcoding wasn't anticipated either. There many things that nobody thought humans could do until humans were doing it. The original intent with Morse was that you'd use the codebook to translate the message's letters (and maybe some punctuation) into dots and dashes, then completely lay out the message using metal slugs (short ones for dots, long ones for dashes) in a rack or on a drum. With the message already composed, you'd step up to the wires and turn a switch that would turn on a slow-turning drum at the telegraph wires' other end. That drum was coated with paper or something similar, and a pencil (or something similar) was pointed perpendicular to the drum's circular surface, towards the drum's axis. The switch's current also rang a bell at the receiving station, to tell someone to be sure to have paper on the drum for a soon-to-be-incoming message. The pencil was held by electromagnets (or something similar) so that with current applied (miles away), the pencil would be pressed into the paper on the drum, and when the current was interrupted, the pencil would rapidly retract. Then the sender would run their rack (or drum) of dots and dashes over the contacts, which, miles away, completed the circuit around the pencil and caused it to write long and short marks (the dashes and dots), separated by empty white space, on the drum's paper. People at the receiving end would then use the code-sheet to change the drum's paper's dots and dashes back into letters. At the time of Morse code's inception, nobody knew that the process of changing letters into dots-and-dashes at the sending-station and the process of changing dots-and-dashes back into letters at the receiving-station would soon be done without cheat-sheets by people who could do it entirely in their head, FROM MEMORY of the code-sheet, and IN REAL TIME, which made sending a Morse message more like talking back and forth and less like typesetting a broadside for a printing-press.
@@chiaracoetzee Well, the paper on the drum could be turned inside-out and reused. The pencil (or ink) would of course have a finite life. The rack of short and long slugs that completed the electrical circuit miles away from the pencil would just be taken apart and reused for dost and dashes the next time a message was sent. I have surmised that the ability to read a music-score in real time (a.ka. "sight-reading") was also a surprise. The original intent with scores was that they were ways you could FIGURE OUT what music to sing, and go over it several times, a bit faster each time, to learn it, much as we expect actors in a play to have read the script in advance to have learned it. You had the score with you when performing, but it was just a memory-guide, like a teleprompter for words you have already memorized anyway. But as time wore on the human mind turned out to be capable of going straight from page to concert-hall AT TEMPO.
Also go is most commonly played on 19x19 (19x19 intersections) board. The board he uses is 26x26 (intersections) that's too big to play on. So yes, it's annoying and looks weird to me but it's not even common go board so I don't care that much.
@@DorrySkog Right, but he's just representing zeros and ones using discrete units, so in the end the result is the same as if he shifted all of the stones to a vertex.
The part in 30:18 where the translation of what Mr. Hara said was "We decided to launch it in Tokyo..." is actually「特許オープンにした」which means "made it an open patent..." So he actually said "We realized that it was the right thing to do when we made it an open patent. And as a result, it spread widely and we think that it's really good." I learn so much from your videos Derek! Thank you so much!
As a software engineer myself, I always appreciate learning about the intricacies of different encodings. I've learned how QR codes work before, but these videos add the stories to them that remind me of all the people behind these amazing technologies. This was a really cool video; thanks to everyone at Veritasium who made this (and all your amazing videos) possible!
@@taylorbrown9849 As a software engineer myself, yeah, we're always bottom of the pile when it comes to public appreciation! 😂 It's marketing's success off it works, our failure if it doesn't 😉
The Snake QR code guy is named MattKC and he has a has a TH-cam channel. I’m sad you didn’t shout him out he has a lot of really cool stuff on there. Edit: He added a shout out in an info card.
@@vaisakh_km and I remember getting the recomdation for it, youtube recomended it to me many times because it knows a lot about me. But I ignored the video becuase I thought he would simply point a link to the game, It was a tempting click and I gave a hard thought to think what the guy is tryna do and i just cannot comprehand how you play a game with a barcode. I will indeed check the video out now. TH-cam will be like bro I told you to check this out so many times! Now you realised. lol
30:18 miss translation bro （Japanese）「いわゆる特許をオープンにしたことで...」 （English）”We decided to launch it in Tokyo..." -> "Because we made the patent open for everyone to use...”
@@PuthySlayer69420 just because he speaks japanese doesn't make him a weeb. he could be but he could also have learned the language for fun or been born in japan.
I got teary eyed hearing the painter's name. He lost the love of his life and dedicated his life to solve the problem that cause him heartburn. A grieving man knows no rest.
Yes, it is upsetting. Now this is why some things should be improved. That was his goal. He succeeded. So may he rest in peace content as he has achieved what people would use for centuries to come.
I mean... to solve A problem that caused him heartburn. THE problem was that he left his wife right before she gave birth which is always a medically scary situation.
it reminded me of a similar story about a guys wife dying because of slow delivery time, but instead of inventing morse code he dug a hole through a mountain
@@typothetical here it is: Version 40 QR Code can contain up to 4296 chars. A QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response code) is a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional code) that is designed to be read by smartphones. The code consists of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a white background. The information encoded may be text, a URL, or other data. Created by Toyota subsidiary Denso Wave in 1994, the QR code is one of the most popular types of two-dimensional barcodes. The QR code was designed to allow its contents to be decoded at high speed. The technology has seen frequent use in Japan and South Korea; the United Kingdom is the seventh-largest national consumer of QR codes. Although initially used for tracking parts in vehicle manufacturing, QR codes now are used in a much broader context, including both commercial tracking applications and convenience-oriented applications aimed at mobile phone users (termed mobile tagging). QR codes may be used to display text to the user, to add a vCard contact to the user's device, to open a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or to compose an e-mail or text message. Users can generate and print their own QR codes for others to scan and use by visiting one of several paid and free QR code generating sites or apps.
Version 40 QR Code can contain up to 4296 chars. A QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response code) is a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional code) that is designed to be read by smartphones. The code consists of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a white background. The information encoded may be text, a URL, or other data. Created by Toyota subsidiary Denso Wave in 1994, the QR code is one of the most popular types of two-dimensional barcodes. The QR code was designed to allow its contents to be decoded at high speed. The technology has seen frequent use in Japan and South Korea; the United Kingdom is the seventh-largest national consumer of QR codes. Although initially used for tracking parts in vehicle manufacturing, QR codes now are used in a much broader context, including both commercial tracking applications and convenience-oriented applications aimed at mobile phone users (termed mobile tagging). QR codes may be used to display text to the user, to add a vCard contact to the user's device, to open a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or to compose an e-mail or text message. Users can generate and print their own QR codes for others to scan and use by visiting one of several paid and free QR code generating sites or apps.
Error at 11:05 into the video. 8 bit ASCII are not assigned a value from 1 to 256. They are assigned a value from 0 to 255 giving them 256 possible combinations. Zero is 00000000. One is 00000001. 255 is 11111111.
@@rubendriezen7177 Well, if you consider the many character sets/encodings that include ASCII as a subset, there are plenty that use 8 bits. But, by definition, these aren't ASCII: ASCII is well defined, has a clear standard (ISO/IEC 646:1991), and uses only 7 bits to encode 128 code points.
I love how you emerge from the exercise and having an interview with the inventor of QR code, you maintain that you hate QR code, while having gained insight. Might be just me, but I find it lovely to be able to appreciate the ingenuity of something without liking it 💖
More than that really! The guy who came up with the blue LED; for his encore, he also did blue laser diodes, as used in Blueray, high speed fibre comms, the lot. He announced this second invention at a conference on the topic of "why is a blue laser diode too hard to build?" by using a blue laser pointer in his presentation, not a red one. It took the audience a short while to notice, and then I imagine the conference got pretty interesting!
@@abarratt8869 That's some actual chad energy. Wish there was a video of that moment. Would love to see the crowd suddenly go whaaaat as they realize he's using a blue laser pointer.
Those are wonderful accomplishments for sure, and I admire the Japanese people for not sliding into self destructive degeneracy like we have. But the "greatest?" I'd argue that the internet is the greatest invention of the past century. Regardless of how people misuse it, it has given every human on earth instant access to the whole of recorded human knowledge. That's insane...
adding color as the inventor mentioned will essentially render them 3-dimensional, where each color represents a level, or maybe a combination of levels if enough colors are used.
@@MarcoLandin Exactly, also, we normally use 3 channels, so that would mean 24-bits per pixel in a QR Code. Going from a single bit to a 24-bit is like making a building with 24 stores, so we can say it creates 24 levels. However, i think since most colors are too similar and that would be a problem for the reader to read, they would reduce the number of color bits. In fact, it was proposed a 4 color and an 8 color version, which seems good enough...
@@MarcoLandin then we can make it 4 dimensional with the third spatial dimension, or 5 dimensional with it being an animation, or even 7 dimensional if we use individual HSV values instead of colour
@@sophiacristina I don't think we'd use a full 24-bit depth as sun fading, odd lighting conditions, and other natural deterioration and obfuscation would be very problematic.
I hate them when they’re displayed on the PS5 during a system update so you have to scan them with your phone to learn what the update is doing…instead of JUST TELLING ME WHAT THE UPDATE DOES
@@aditya.khapre to be fair, how they are used and applied accounts for most of the representation/reputation and that's fair by association. It is used more poorly than good.
@@runswithraptors Eh, that I can somewhat understand, online menus can be kinda preferrable to physical ones given they are easier to update with, for example, a dish of the day or something.
When I donate blood here in the USA, I am quizzed heavily about any extended time spent in the UK in the 80s and 90s. (Short visits seem acceptable, but more than a couple months seems to be hit the risk threshold.) Fortunately I did not spend time in the UK then, but I'm assuming they would not collect my donation if I had.
I was with him when he added the A and B to the number string... then i might as well have been hit with a bat. ive never heard the word polynomial before
Reminds me of the book Shades of Gray by Jasper Fforde, in which animals are all born with barcodes indicating their classification and people would do the bird watching equivalent of writing down the barcode of an animal they saw in the wild in their notebook and showing it to their friends
Derek went straight from the telegraph to bar codes while completely glossing over the facsimile machine (aka the fax machine), which could be thought of as a predecessor to the digital photography that lets you scan QR codes.
This was such an awesome video! Thanks making the effort to interview Mashiro Hara. Capturing a moment in history for something that has become ubiquitous within a generation. Oh and all the encoding and error-correction was fascinating as always. :)
4:58 I appreciate the reference here (For those unaware, the numbers on the barcode are 640509 040147 - exacly the same as the one on the barcode tattoo of Agent 47 of the Hitman series)
One cool thing you can do with QR codes that intend to contain proprietary data, such as an inventory tracking app, is encode the data as a parameter to a URL. The app will know to expect that URL to say “these are the codes we are looking for” but also as a way for a generic code scanner to redirect any given code to an App Store to download the correct app. Of course this introduces some privacy concerns but something like a container ID may be harmless to send.
@@squidwardfromua You'll get used to place it on the intersections very quickly. And then it feels odd to place stones inside the squares. When you start playing go and get familiar with a 19x19 board it will feel very different from a chess board. So you won't confuse it with the chess way to place stones.
Could pick up a couple words here and there possibly, or there was more likely a translator on the call and he recorded and mixed the audio separately, taking out the translator portion.
I just had an epiphany @14:25 ‼ - it's like a file format! The QR code is a physical file format! A wrapper for different information forms/types which can be passed, neatly, through the real world when encoded.
This is an amazing video. I am a Manager at a food snack company and I am going to have my entire team that deals with our barcodes watch this video to not only better understand what they are doing now with our current codes, but understand why there is a push in the industry to put information at the hands of the consumer and allow us manufacturers to communicate through out packaging. Thank you!!
Indian here. We use QR code based UPI apps to carry out our transactions about 100% of the times. I genuinely cannot remember the last time i actually carried cash (and this is not an exaggeration). Everyone uses these QR codes to pay, and you will find them everywhere, the smallest street food vendor to the biggest luxury stores. I am used to scanning the QR with my phone within a second. Doesnt matter the angle, the blur, it instantly scans and pays, and i cannot imagine being in a country where this is not as mainstream as here
Yes, why this is different from NFC or cards, is you would definitely find stores which don't accept anything but cash in many countries, but with India's QR codes, it's as easy as downloading an app to setup a QR. The apps in fact have hired people to go to each and every merchant in their assigned cities and convince them to setup their app and QR codes. It is just Direct bank-to-bank transfer without any intermediary. Mediums like Visa, MasterCard, or phone wallets charge either the customer or merchant. All you need is a bank account and a smartphone to setup your QR for free, while you need to pay merchant fee to the likes of Visa on every transaction and buy the card scanner machine. This is why small stores across countries charge extra if you pay with card.
This is such an amazing video. For those interested in more about error correction codes and how they work, 3b1b has a couple of great videos on Hamming codes (which are kind of outdated but you'd be able to relate to what you saw in this video) he also made a video on an almost impossible chessboard puzzle which also related to error correction codes and how the puzzle connects to counting the vertices of higher dimensional cubes.
Correction: Strictly speaking, ASCII is only 7 bit, not 8 bit. ASCII is 0 through 127 (128 code points in total). Numerous other character sets have extended ASCII for utilizing 8 bits and beyond. Without getting into the details, we often use UTF-8 nowadays, which is a superset of ASCII.
While i agree, the Extended ASCII is basically "the norm", and in a colloquial way, we just say "ASCII" to make it simple. ASCII as a term can encompass both extended or not when one does not elaborate.
Correct, however "ASCII" is still often the term used, even incorrectly. I think this is just because it is much easier to say "askey" than "U T F - 8" or "UNICODE". Similar to how the modern ethernet cable connector is commonly referred to as RJ45 when it is actually an 8P8C connector. Much easier to say RJ45 than 8P8C. Like "ASCII art" is still called ASCII art even though it's almost certainly residing on a webpage utilizing UTF-8. I mean... is it still technically ASCII if there aren't any characters that strictly make use of UTF-8's encoding scheme, even if UTF-8's encoding scheme is being used? If you create a .cpp file, write only backwards compatible C code, and compile it with a C++ compiler and it compiles without error, was that C or C++ code you just wrote?
I love when i watch something that feeds me knowledge constantly. This was an amazing explanation of how QR Codes work. Never thought these little codes can do so much. The engineering behind it is insane and i'm here asking myself (after seeing this video) "How does one come up with this stuff?". Unbelievable, really!!!
Edit: (kinda already a thing) At the end he mentions that he's trying to incorporate color into qr-codes. There are probably a few differnet levels to it but if they can somhow get around color calebration isuues then then we would REALLY never run out. I think the easiest way to start with this would be to use simple RGB where 0 is a 0 and 255 is a one. That way each pixel store hold 3 bits
@@marcellkovacs5452 oh wow, seems like it's been around for a while too. I'm surprised he didn't mention it. I guess it's not as widespread b/c it's easier to print black and white...
This is such an awesome video! I never knew so much about barcodes and their origin, and now I understand how they work and why. I work at a grocery store and deal with barcodes all day long, hundreds of times a day. Every time I stock a product, I check the UPC (universal product code, or barcode) to make sure I am putting the right product in the right spot. Usually I only check the last 2 digits, which is usually sufficient enough as long as you are in the right section and are fairly sure it goes where you are putting it. For example, when stocking different flavors of the same product. Also, I was always told not to enter the last digit of a barcode when ringing up an item, or entering it into the computer system, but never knew why! Now I have an all new respect for something I had no idea was so intricate and well designed!
A few years ago, I was obsessed with writing a sudoku generator. I wanted to be able to print a set of solvable puzzles, but I also wanted the user to be able to scan them into a smartphone to use with one of the existing sudoku apps. I wrote a small QR code generator in Go (the language I used for the generator). With that, I could print each puzzle and next to it, a QR code.
1. At 28:44 - I just love (a) the bare feet and (b) the fact that the grid is lined up with the parquet floor. 2. At 8:41 - the cows were "culled" not "called" (as per captions)
Trivia nitpick: The distress code is not SOS. SOS would be ".../_ _ _/..." However, the distress code is "... _ _ _ ..." -- that is, there are no pauses between sections! This is usually represented by placing an overbar above the letters, to indicate that the operator should not insert pauses.
@@thesinghzingkid SOS is treated as a SINGLE LETTER, not a word. I used slashes here because multiple spaces in a row don't work reliably in TH-cam comments -- I know that's not the traditional way of writing it, but I assumed people could get the point in context of everything else I wrote.
When they started talking about the 177 QR code I had a feeling he was going to be mentioned. Watched the video when it came out, this is a crazy cannon.
1, I have always loved QR codes. I even practiced how to read them. 2, One of my favorite games ever is an extremely underrated, philosophically-driven story, puzzle game called The Talos Principle. That game uses QR codes as messages on walls for AI to speak to each other. It's an amazing game. I highly recommend it for everyone who enjoys puzzle games. It is similar to Portal 2 and other great puzzle games.
The Talos Principle is one of the best games ever. Playing through the 2nd one now. If you liked TTP, I can't recommend Outer Wilds enough. Don't google it, every little bit of information is a major spoiler. You'll have to trust a random stranger on this one
@@TomisaMaker The Talos Principle is a first-person puzzle game developed by Croteam and published by Devolver Digital, released in December 2014. The game masterfully combines intricate puzzle mechanics with a deep, philosophical narrative that delves into themes of consciousness, existence, and what it means to be human. In the game, you awaken as a sentient android in a mysterious world filled with ancient ruins and advanced technology. Guided by a voice known as Elohim, you're tasked with solving a series of increasingly complex puzzles to prove your worth. As you explore, you'll encounter terminals that reveal fragments of the world's backstory, prompting you to question the reality of your existence and the nature of free will. What's great about The Talos Principle is its seamless blend of challenging gameplay and thought-provoking storytelling. The puzzles are engaging and well-designed, offering a satisfying sense of accomplishment without feeling repetitive. The game encourages players to reflect on profound philosophical questions, making it an underrated gem that leaves a lasting impression long after completion. This game very deeply touched my psyche in a way that few or no other games have. It very strongly resonated with my worldview: there's no obvious god around us, but we're able to explore the universe, create meaning from an absurd universe, and create solutions to problems from life. Perhaps there's a way to transcend it everything: to become greater than a god we can imagine. Even without free will: we and the whole univerae can change for the better. Plus, now there's a second Talos Principle and more DLC and story for the game's universe. There will likely be a third Talos Principle: the writers are already writing the third game. Tldr: The Talos Principle 1 is a philosophical puzzle game about what it means to be a person and if people have free will. It's an amazing and underrated game.
Didn't think of TTP while watching the video, but you're right! What I love most about the implementation of QR codes in TTP1 is the ability to leave pre-composed QR code messages (possibly containing puzzle hints) for your Steam friends, or even your future self once you start a new game. Also, fun fact: if you switch the game to a different language, the QR codes also switch to that language. Meaning, if you try languages that contain lots of non-ASCII letters, such as CJK languages, the QR codes suddenly become a lot denser.
The amount of work you have put into this video is crazy!!! So much info and research, plus you used animations to explain things further. Amazing work Veritasium! I am interested to see more videos of yours
6:58 - Rather than having one formula for a step in the calculations comes out to zero and a different formula for when it comes out to 1 through 9 (it's the remainder of dividing a positive integer by 10 so the only possible results are 0 through 9) you COULD use the SAME formula for all 10 cases, no special exceptions, by saying the check-digit is (0-r) mod 10 where "r" is that remainder. Where "r" is zero, this last calculation is zero. When "r" is 4, this last calculation gives us 6. It's all the same as the Narrator's scheme, but you feed all 10 possible outcomes into the same calculation instead of make zero into a special exception-to-the-rule. If it's an Excel formula then the lack of a special case removes an IF from it.
i found out you can use a QR code generated by gopro software, hidden from general users, that can unlock secret settings and push the limits of the gopro camera
A growing trope in science fiction media is the "cheat QR code", wearing some pattern that is hardcoded in AI systems to treat the person wearing it differently. I mean you can wear a paper bag on your head too to beat most recognition systems but that's something else.
I still hate QR codes... Companies complicate things so much with them. Sometimes, they can be useful, but often, they're just an unnecessary extra step that makes things tedious for no reason.
Agreed, all they have done in my eyes is dramatically increase the modern worlds dependency on our distraction machines (phones) and forced people who don't want to engage with this crap to jump through hoops. In the age of digital enslavement we are even more tied to the whims of corporate scumbags.
Incredible video! Love how you present such thorough information on something we use everyday but might not ever think about. Stimulating for all our creativity! And I really appreciate the balance of complexity without over-simplifying it. Some of the best content on TH-cam right now!
That was a really super episode ... so well researched, presented and demonstrated (yes your GO Board QR Code worked!). I loved that you took the story all the way from Morse Code through to Bar Codes and onto QR codes. Really high quality content 👍
9:39 If I had a nicked for how many times a Japenese man with their first name being "Masahiro" wound up creating a revolutionary invention I'd have two nickels, which isn't a lot but it's weird it happened twice.
Why? Is it equally weird that two 19th century English dudes called Charles revolutionised the way we look at the world? Or that two Russian called Nikolay received a Nobel price (one for physics and one for chemistry) within 10 years of each other? Common names are common. Darwin and Babbage, Semenov and Basov if you were wondering
The best thing about Ve is the fact that they always take a simple, every day topic or concept... and discuss and it explain it in such a fascinating and amazing way that you can't help wanting to tell everyone about the random facts you just learned.
When I did make a quest for a friend, I made a simple 3x3 sliding tile puzzle with 1 piece missing. I then placed the QR code on the other side of the sliding tiles so that you can only read it after you've correctly assembled the picture. I made sure that the single missing tile would not mess up the QR code, but sadly the cuts did mess the code in a much more substantial way. You'd either have to extremely precisely cut the pieces with a machine of sorts to have the tiny cuts that snap perfectly once they fit, or just giveaway the code once the puzzle is solved manually which sadly defeats the point
Morse was absolutely amazing, even for trying. Many people would say "Why bother finding a solution that WOULD have helped us? My love is already dead." Morse HAD to care about other people as much as himself to be able to say "...but no, others shouldn't also have to feel this needless grief beyond grief."
I do hate how many places use exclusively QR code though. I want a website shown to me via text, a QR code with no website text under it is annoying. I don't want to have to pull out my phone to scan every code, give me a website to visit.
@@oldhelldog5460 By typing it in when I get home, or going to it on my phone in a protected context, or just seeing what they're showing like a YT video vs a website vs a payment link, etc.
@@oldhelldog5460 a computer or literally any other device that accesses the internet lmao. But also, you can use the internet on a phone without ever interacting with a QR code, just open the internet browser and type words. That's how the internet works, QR codes as the only option just make using the internet far more annoying. I've probably used a QR code a total of less than 100 times in my life, only when they're the only option. Sadly those annoying little things are becoming the only option in a lot of places, much like no headphone jack on phones or less USB ports on laptops.
@@Lerkero this should be the standard, because then people could actually see what website they're trying to access without scanning the thing. They wouldn't even need to scan it at all and could just type it themselves.
9:50 I dont think the "Masahiro speaking Japanese" caption in subtitles is necessary, and on small devices it even blocks the actual captions in the video. Other than that, really nice video.
Agreed, I'd much prefer if the captions included the actual translation instead of just the "speaking foreign language" trope that is an accessibility nightmare. Kept having to turn the captions off every time Masahiro spoke just to be able to read the in-video translation because the unnecessary caption kept blocking it.
@@gavinriley5232 Or learning English but still struggling to understand spoken language, i needed subtitles for a while too. Or can't play loud audio where they are and don't have ear phones
As a retail worker, it's annoying when the manufacturers put the QR code next to the barcode. The barcode scanner often scans the QR code instead of the barcode, making us losing money.
The scanners that I’ve worked with usually have a configuration option to enable / disable different barcode formats. Mention this to your IT department if you haven’t already - they may be able to disable 2D barcodes and save some headache.
24:24 Derek: Set each coefficient to be a variable, set the polynomial equal to zero and solve for x=1. Then repeat for x=2 and, if the results are different, you know no error occurred. Me: OK, I'm with you so far. Derek: Do this for all the coefficients and, where the error occurred, the two results are the same. Me: Huh, that's really neat. Derek: ...and they're both equal to the original value. Me: What the hell, that's sorcery. Mathematical dark magic. Get back, numerical Satan!
Ok so i finaly got it, its because when you change each coefficient to a variable individually. When the coeficient u get is not the error, you are working out a solution that is different for both, as thr polynomial is wrong in one of the positions (the number being a 6 in this case) when you set the 6 as a variable the rest kf the polynomial is correct allowing you tk work out the initial value, which by default should be equal coeficient at both x = 1 and x = 2 given the last 2 digets. I hope that helped
Hi Veritasium, i was looking for a history of quantum physics video and i surprisingly couldnt find one on youtube. Youre the best person i could think of that i would want to hear explain the history of quantum physics, so heres my suggestion! I've always wondered about the thought processes of the people that paved the way of quantum physics were, and how they reacted to discovering this completely new and undiscovered field in physics similar to your complex numbers video. Hope you have a great day :)
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No, we need a QR code for that
Fire video! very interesting like always.
Love this!! 💗
how you make informative video like I am watching a movie
aight
God I love when I’m watching a TH-cam video about the history of something and they bring on THE guy that did THE thing
Suji Nakamura in the blue led video lol
@@arvt_ yoooo, it's Suji Nakamura! from the hit invention Suji Nakamura's Blue LED!!!! 🗣🗣🗣
@@arvt_ yeah.. he literally changed LED screens forever, or can say single handedly made color screen possible.
What a time to be alive
japanese be goated in making stuff
30:18 Correction: He said Tokkyo (特許 patent), not Tokyo.
The entire sentence is: We made the patent open to everyone, which made the QR code so popular.
TY, that makes so much more sence
We made Tokyo open to everyone
This should be higher up in the comments
+
This should be pin'ed
I stopped watching for 2 minutes and we went from error correction to 5 dimensional hyper cubes
😂😂
Technology moves prett y f a s t
same bro like what 😭😭
Yeah I got totally lost there too
Fr my head started ache.
Error correction is the purest form of magic that I've ever come across in mathematics. It's like that children's trick where you take someone's birthday, add, subtract, multiply and divide it with some numbers and then guessing the original number from the result. That, but taken several steps further. It's honestly magical to me every time I think about it.
P.S. I was gearing up to write a 'long video but still no full form of QR' comment but you unexpectedly blindsided me with it at the end. Well played, good sir.
agree with you.
I want to learn more about error corrections
I love it too. Error correction in any form always happens to be done in a genius way.
optical discs like DVD or Bluray also has redundancy now these days, making storage on blurays (25GB - 128GB) slightly worth it still
Number theory and cryptography is the branch of mathematics you seek. We did this stuff in college.
Veritasium: Here is how damaged codes work. It's pretty simple
Also Veritasium: Here's a 15 dimensional cube to explain this.
Narrator: "It was not simple."
2 follows 1, 3 follows 2. It's pretty simple, just keep going. Once you have the basic code for higher dimensions, you just run it out to 15. Could be 100, just keep looping. It is simple. Let the computer do the work. They like "complex" things like that. lol
The number of dimensions literally doesn’t matter in linear algebra. I wouldn’t even have bothered with an animation.
There are conceptually simple, just very hard to represent in 2D space.
@@paddor And that's why you didn't make the video. This video isn't made for people who have intrinsic and intimate understandings of higher dimensions, or at least not specifically. It's a helpful visualisation of how they actually affect the topic at hand in a way that is easier to understand for the average layman.
Darn! I knew QR codes were clever, but the error correction is mind boggling.
It’s definitely really cool stuff, but it wasn’t invented by this guy who made the QR code. The error correcting codes themselves have been around since the 1960s, he just decided how to organize the information about which level of error correction is used.
Try an experiment, find yourself an (audio) CD, a corresponding player and a black marker, ideally one that can be washed off with iso, and then start painting sectoral covers, just paint 4 or more radial lines from the centre and start expanding them. You should be able to cover almost a quarter of the area before error correction gives up.
@@dougdouglass6126 But it was implemented in a simple functional system that is now universal. It is like you are bitching about Rembrandt because he didn't invent paint.
Didn't expect to see you here. Your channel is a must watch too.
Each person stands on the shoulders of the person who came before them.
You missed the opportunity to post the link to this video as a QR code on your community page
Edit: He did it let’s goooooooo
😂
He actually did it after seeing this comment
Can still do it!
scan the QR at @13:04
@@antifreeze44 try this one 25:20
Indonesians are also really into using QR codes. They’ve even standardized QR payments with something called QRIS (with IS standing for "Indonesia Standard"; also a pun of keris, a traditional Indonesian weapon). What’s craaaazzyy about QRIS is that it accepts payments virtually from any bank and any e-wallet. At first, each payment provider had its own QR code, but now it's just QRIS everywhere. From minimarkets to restaurants, and even street vendors/peddlers on the roadside! It’s wild!
In India it's been there for half a decade
The Philippines also has QRPH as their standard bank ongoing QR code
What's really crazy is few of the south east asian countries actually made these QR payment cross border capable, As a Malaysian I can use my DuitNow QR capable banking app to pay for something in Indonesia by scanning the same QRIS QR Code
Indonesia best country, I love Indonesia. I am from Jatim
For those that are convinced that SOS is an acronym a quick Wikipedia search explains that, originally (in 1906), SOS was chosen because is easy to remember and to read. The idea that it is an acronym for "save our souls" or even "save our ship" emerged years later as a way to help in remembering it.
Fun fact, this phenomenon in which a meaning is invented for a sequence of letter is called a backronym
cool, I never noticed that 505 is easy to read.
@@paulgoogol2652in Morse code it is
And the term backronym is an example of a portmanteau :)
bazinga!
It’s still a pity that ‘Big V’ asserts the ‘code’ was invented by Morse. It was not, he merely ‘popularised’ it 🤬
I guess I’m wasting my breath pointing out that it’s not a ‘code’, it’s a cypher. NaYa. 🤓👍
2:00 “…Breese Morse…” what a strange na… OH HE’S THAT ONE
I was like "What a tragic origin to Morse Code" when I saw the last name.
But if you meet a friendly horse
Will you communicate by
mo-o-o-o-orse?
mo-o-o-o-orse?
mo-o-o-o-orse?
@@ivanborsuk1110 how will you speak to that
ho-o-o-o-orse
ho-o-o-o-orse
ho-o-o-o-orse
that's a throwback
BAHA WHILE I WAS WATCHING THIS COMMENT SHOWED UP I WAS LIKE “wha- OH” when he said the last name by itself
The creator of the Morse Code language
*Are you kidding me....* I just spent _two weeks_ researching how QR codes are made and implementing my own generator... and then days later you drop _this_ , revealing all of my laboriously-gained arcane knowledge to the masses in half an hour.
That's silly, why reinvent the wheel? There are good libraries already.
The good news is: The masses will not gain the knowledge you have acquired through hard work.
The other news is: how much good this knowledge will do you, depends on your next step.
Atleast you revealed your idea to us. Feel free to share us the github link anytime you want.🙏
@@mica_55 Because you didn’t buy a Go chessboard
just use a library
34:13 "They're called quick response because they react quickly."
The man is thrilled with his work :D
:D
when I first used QR codes I thought the QR stand for "Quick Read" but Quick Response is much more viable
I learned about QR codes around the time when I was studying linear algebra, and thought they must be related to the QR algorithm and QR decomposition.
It has the same vibe as Tony Hoare naming his sorting algorithm "Quick Sort" because man it is quick
3:06 - Not only did real-time DEcoding of Morse Code come as a surprise to Morse and manufacturers, but real-time ENcoding wasn't anticipated either. There many things that nobody thought humans could do until humans were doing it. The original intent with Morse was that you'd use the codebook to translate the message's letters (and maybe some punctuation) into dots and dashes, then completely lay out the message using metal slugs (short ones for dots, long ones for dashes) in a rack or on a drum. With the message already composed, you'd step up to the wires and turn a switch that would turn on a slow-turning drum at the telegraph wires' other end.
That drum was coated with paper or something similar, and a pencil (or something similar) was pointed perpendicular to the drum's circular surface, towards the drum's axis. The switch's current also rang a bell at the receiving station, to tell someone to be sure to have paper on the drum for a soon-to-be-incoming message. The pencil was held by electromagnets (or something similar) so that with current applied (miles away), the pencil would be pressed into the paper on the drum, and when the current was interrupted, the pencil would rapidly retract.
Then the sender would run their rack (or drum) of dots and dashes over the contacts, which, miles away, completed the circuit around the pencil and caused it to write long and short marks (the dashes and dots), separated by empty white space, on the drum's paper. People at the receiving end would then use the code-sheet to change the drum's paper's dots and dashes back into letters.
At the time of Morse code's inception, nobody knew that the process of changing letters into dots-and-dashes at the sending-station and the process of changing dots-and-dashes back into letters at the receiving-station would soon be done without cheat-sheets by people who could do it entirely in their head, FROM MEMORY of the code-sheet, and IN REAL TIME, which made sending a Morse message more like talking back and forth and less like typesetting a broadside for a printing-press.
Wow. That's a lot of extra engineering work just for the people who used it to throw it all away.
@@chiaracoetzee Well, the paper on the drum could be turned inside-out and reused. The pencil (or ink) would of course have a finite life. The rack of short and long slugs that completed the electrical circuit miles away from the pencil would just be taken apart and reused for dost and dashes the next time a message was sent. I have surmised that the ability to read a music-score in real time (a.ka. "sight-reading") was also a surprise. The original intent with scores was that they were ways you could FIGURE OUT what music to sing, and go over it several times, a bit faster each time, to learn it, much as we expect actors in a play to have read the script in advance to have learned it. You had the score with you when performing, but it was just a memory-guide, like a teleprompter for words you have already memorized anyway. But as time wore on the human mind turned out to be capable of going straight from page to concert-hall AT TEMPO.
Please go back to your primary school books and learn how to use PARAGRAPHS. They are free to use.
And then you have Dola from Laputa Castle in the Sky - who can understand and decypher it in real time
@@WolfxTV but Pilcrow's are annoying to type out everytime, so no
10:15 "In Go, you basically place stones at the intersections of lines"
12:40 Derek: mmh yes squares
Lmfao it would be annoying though to do it at thte intersection
That annoyed me so much
I wished I wasn't as annoyed with the placement of the go stones inside the squares instead of on the line's crossings.
Also go is most commonly played on 19x19 (19x19 intersections) board. The board he uses is 26x26 (intersections) that's too big to play on. So yes, it's annoying and looks weird to me but it's not even common go board so I don't care that much.
@@DorrySkog Right, but he's just representing zeros and ones using discrete units, so in the end the result is the same as if he shifted all of the stones to a vertex.
The part in 30:18 where the translation of what Mr. Hara said was "We decided to launch it in Tokyo..." is actually「特許オープンにした」which means "made it an open patent..." So he actually said "We realized that it was the right thing to do when we made it an open patent. And as a result, it spread widely and we think that it's really good."
I learn so much from your videos Derek! Thank you so much!
That makes more sense contextually. Thanks!
Ok yeah, I thought that sentence needed some error correction! Made no sense.
As a software engineer myself, I always appreciate learning about the intricacies of different encodings. I've learned how QR codes work before, but these videos add the stories to them that remind me of all the people behind these amazing technologies. This was a really cool video; thanks to everyone at Veritasium who made this (and all your amazing videos) possible!
The bots are getting more real
Bro that's my comment; these bots are stealing all my likes! ;-;
@@taylorbrown9849
As a software engineer myself, yeah, we're always bottom of the pile when it comes to public appreciation! 😂
It's marketing's success off it works, our failure if it doesn't 😉
@@taylorbrown9849
And my replies get deleted.
I wrote something funny, also a software engineer.
Your comment has been stolen multiple times but
@@taylorbrown9849 you cant buy sh!t with likes anyways
The Snake QR code guy is named MattKC and he has a has a TH-cam channel. I’m sad you didn’t shout him out he has a lot of really cool stuff on there.
Edit: He added a shout out in an info card.
Yeah, the lego island guy makes really cool content!
yes, i remeber watching it
I remember watching his videos
@@vaisakh_km and I remember getting the recomdation for it, youtube recomended it to me many times because it knows a lot about me. But I ignored the video becuase I thought he would simply point a link to the game, It was a tempting click and I gave a hard thought to think what the guy is tryna do and i just cannot comprehand how you play a game with a barcode. I will indeed check the video out now. TH-cam will be like bro I told you to check this out so many times! Now you realised. lol
he did in the desription
30:18 miss translation bro
（Japanese）「いわゆる特許をオープンにしたことで...」
（English）”We decided to launch it in Tokyo..." -> "Because we made the patent open for everyone to use...”
Weeb
@@PuthySlayer69420 Japanese =/= anime
@@PuthySlayer69420 just because he speaks japanese doesn't make him a weeb. he could be but he could also have learned the language for fun or been born in japan.
@@jasperkuijstermans171I mean considering their yt username is written in Japanese I wouldn’t be surprised if they just spoke it
@@PuthySlayer69420 you proved the *quality* of the 'murica education system
username checks out btw
I got teary eyed hearing the painter's name. He lost the love of his life and dedicated his life to solve the problem that cause him heartburn. A grieving man knows no rest.
Yes, it is upsetting. Now this is why some things should be improved. That was his goal. He succeeded. So may he rest in peace content as he has achieved what people would use for centuries to come.
yeah the story was sad
I mean... to solve A problem that caused him heartburn. THE problem was that he left his wife right before she gave birth which is always a medically scary situation.
Me too, but also when Masahiro Hara said he wants to make qr codes transmit images like X Rays...that's a noble cause.
it reminded me of a similar story about a guys wife dying because of slow delivery time, but instead of inventing morse code he dug a hole through a mountain
Can't believe Veritasium really got John Q.R. Code for an interview
0:20 : “QR codes are a language for machines, and I am a human. But I was wrong”
Finally Derek admits his true nature.
This was hilarious 😂
12:05 I just scanned the QR code out of curiosity LOL
Version 1: I'm the OG
Version 2: I'm a bog-standard QR code
The giant version 3 one works too, but theres no way im pasting that all here
@@typothetical here it is: Version 40 QR Code can contain up to 4296 chars.
A QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response code) is a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional code) that is designed to be read by smartphones. The code consists of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a white background. The information encoded may be text, a URL, or other data.
Created by Toyota subsidiary Denso Wave in 1994, the QR code is one of the most popular types of two-dimensional barcodes. The QR code was designed to allow its contents to be decoded at high speed.
The technology has seen frequent use in Japan and South Korea; the United Kingdom is the seventh-largest national consumer of QR codes.
Although initially used for tracking parts in vehicle manufacturing, QR codes now are used in a much broader context, including both commercial tracking applications and convenience-oriented applications aimed at mobile phone users (termed mobile tagging). QR codes may be used to display text to the user, to add a vCard contact to the user's device, to open a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or to compose an e-mail or text message. Users can generate and print their own QR codes for others to scan and use by visiting one of several paid and free QR code generating sites or apps.
Well, that's the sad part. If you do it out of curiosity, some time you will get infected by some malware.
@@sykoteddy Eh, depends on if your phone opens all links that you scan…
Version 40 QR Code can contain up to 4296 chars.
A QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response code) is a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional code) that is designed to be read by smartphones. The code consists of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a white background. The information encoded may be text, a URL, or other data.
Created by Toyota subsidiary Denso Wave in 1994, the QR code is one of the most popular types of two-dimensional barcodes. The QR code was designed to allow its contents to be decoded at high speed.
The technology has seen frequent use in Japan and South Korea; the United Kingdom is the seventh-largest national consumer of QR codes.
Although initially used for tracking parts in vehicle manufacturing, QR codes now are used in a much broader context, including both commercial tracking applications and convenience-oriented applications aimed at mobile phone users (termed mobile tagging). QR codes may be used to display text to the user, to add a vCard contact to the user's device, to open a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or to compose an e-mail or text message. Users can generate and print their own QR codes for others to scan and use by visiting one of several paid and free QR code generating sites or apps.
Error at 11:05 into the video. 8 bit ASCII are not assigned a value from 1 to 256. They are assigned a value from 0 to 255 giving them 256 possible combinations. Zero is 00000000. One is 00000001. 255 is 11111111.
nurd
@@randomtuberhandle Doesn't conventional ascii only use 7 bits? Is there a version that uses 8?
@@rubendriezen7177 Well, if you consider the many character sets/encodings that include ASCII as a subset, there are plenty that use 8 bits. But, by definition, these aren't ASCII: ASCII is well defined, has a clear standard (ISO/IEC 646:1991), and uses only 7 bits to encode 128 code points.
I mean rebasing it doesn't make a difference if consistent but of course 8 bit binaries are capable of representing 0 to 255 in unsigned form.
Index shmindex 😉
I love how you emerge from the exercise and having an interview with the inventor of QR code, you maintain that you hate QR code, while having gained insight. Might be just me, but I find it lovely to be able to appreciate the ingenuity of something without liking it 💖
So 2 Japanese engineers gave birth to 2 greatest inventions in the 20th century: QR codes and white LEDs
More than that really! The guy who came up with the blue LED; for his encore, he also did blue laser diodes, as used in Blueray, high speed fibre comms, the lot.
He announced this second invention at a conference on the topic of "why is a blue laser diode too hard to build?" by using a blue laser pointer in his presentation, not a red one. It took the audience a short while to notice, and then I imagine the conference got pretty interesting!
@@abarratt8869 That's some actual chad energy. Wish there was a video of that moment. Would love to see the crowd suddenly go whaaaat as they realize he's using a blue laser pointer.
Using technologies invented by white American engineers.
Those are wonderful accomplishments for sure, and I admire the Japanese people for not sliding into self destructive degeneracy like we have.
But the "greatest?" I'd argue that the internet is the greatest invention of the past century. Regardless of how people misuse it, it has given every human on earth instant access to the whole of recorded human knowledge. That's insane...
@@abarratt8869 any extra context on this? i might be able to find a video for QPoily
Its all fun and games until you get rickrolled by a veritasium video
Exactly LOL :))
😭😭got me good
He missed the opportunity to troll us.
Yeah, that's my issue with QR codes. Until you read them with an app you don't know what data it holds, and then it could be already too late.
@@SanderEvers as i know many apps now show you the link before following the link
Increasing storage by adding a dimension... So the next step is 3d codes. View them in slices, and boom, the QR GIF is born!
adding color as the inventor mentioned will essentially render them 3-dimensional, where each color represents a level, or maybe a combination of levels if enough colors are used.
@@MarcoLandin Exactly, also, we normally use 3 channels, so that would mean 24-bits per pixel in a QR Code.
Going from a single bit to a 24-bit is like making a building with 24 stores, so we can say it creates 24 levels.
However, i think since most colors are too similar and that would be a problem for the reader to read, they would reduce the number of color bits. In fact, it was proposed a 4 color and an 8 color version, which seems good enough...
There is research being done where they use lazer and crystals for 3d data storage, could be done that way
@@MarcoLandin then we can make it 4 dimensional with the third spatial dimension, or 5 dimensional with it being an animation, or even 7 dimensional if we use individual HSV values instead of colour
@@sophiacristina I don't think we'd use a full 24-bit depth as sun fading, odd lighting conditions, and other natural deterioration and obfuscation would be very problematic.
0:22 '...and I am human. But I was wrong... or is it?'
*inserts Vsauce noises
The QD Code at 13:07 didnt disappoint
😂
It was an RA code
25:20 check out this one. 😂
Ha!
Watching the whole video again to find all Easter eggs 😩
P.S.: the game
0:22
"...and I am a human."
"But I was wrong."
It sounds so funny when taken out of context🤣
He approved what he is aliem
Or a robot
I hate them when they’re displayed on the PS5 during a system update so you have to scan them with your phone to learn what the update is doing…instead of JUST TELLING ME WHAT THE UPDATE DOES
Hate sony for that, not qr codes
@@aditya.khapre to be fair, how they are used and applied accounts for most of the representation/reputation and that's fair by association. It is used more poorly than good.
@@wombat4583like restaurants that use QR codes instead of menus 😂
But I'll be the link it takes you too also has ads on the page.... and thats why they do it...
@@runswithraptors Eh, that I can somewhat understand, online menus can be kinda preferrable to physical ones given they are easier to update with, for example, a dish of the day or something.
A company in Norway called Piql fits 2MB of data into a QR code. They use it for super secure, long-term (2000 year) data storage. Pretty insane!
Piql, like pickled cucumber? Must be the coolest company name I’ve ever seen in a long time; they pickle data hahah😂
@@egoub That is truly pleasing! 😆
8:19 Funfact: Up until 2022, if you were someone who was in the UK between 1980 and 1996, you were not allowed to donate blood in Australia.
It’s 2024 and I still can’t donate blood in Singapore because I grew up in the UK during those years 😢
Still not allowed to donate in Singapore.
When I donate blood here in the USA, I am quizzed heavily about any extended time spent in the UK in the 80s and 90s. (Short visits seem acceptable, but more than a couple months seems to be hit the risk threshold.) Fortunately I did not spend time in the UK then, but I'm assuming they would not collect my donation if I had.
Why tho...
why
22:28 Ok I will definitely treat those six numbers as Coefficients of a degree-five polynomial. Wait.... I have no idea what that is
Don't worry, your computer is the one that needs to treat those six numbers as coefficients of a degree-five polynomial, not you.
I was with him when he added the A and B to the number string... then i might as well have been hit with a bat. ive never heard the word polynomial before
@SuperLifeStream Seriously!!! I'm fairly decent at math .... or so I thought until I heard that word. Personally, I think he made it up 😂
@@SuperLifestream Have you never taken any math algebra or higher? That's one of the basic concepts used in EVERY subject starting in algebra.
@andrewreyes4624 have you not taken algebra?
29:26 They should have been able to just scan the cows 😉
"cows now genetically engineered to have QR codes on the sides" sounds about right xD
😮
Lol was thinking the same, they'll probably have unique patterns as well. :)
Reminds me of the book Shades of Gray by Jasper Fforde, in which animals are all born with barcodes indicating their classification and people would do the bird watching equivalent of writing down the barcode of an animal they saw in the wild in their notebook and showing it to their friends
Works better with zebras.
Derek went straight from the telegraph to bar codes while completely glossing over the facsimile machine (aka the fax machine), which could be thought of as a predecessor to the digital photography that lets you scan QR codes.
13:55 he's placing WHAT?
Red stones
💀
Bro think he's in Minecraft
Oh mine guy in chat
bro placedredstone, but didnt power it
The amount of quality videos we’ve been getting recently is insane
I know right! I cant believe they are not stopping, so great and so unbalievable!
yeah, hope they wont burn out
From where?
@@dfmayesDeez nuts
This was such an awesome video! Thanks making the effort to interview Mashiro Hara. Capturing a moment in history for something that has become ubiquitous within a generation. Oh and all the encoding and error-correction was fascinating as always. :)
4:58 I appreciate the reference here
(For those unaware, the numbers on the barcode are 640509 040147 - exacly the same as the one on the barcode tattoo of Agent 47 of the Hitman series)
One cool thing you can do with QR codes that intend to contain proprietary data, such as an inventory tracking app, is encode the data as a parameter to a URL. The app will know to expect that URL to say “these are the codes we are looking for” but also as a way for a generic code scanner to redirect any given code to an App Store to download the correct app. Of course this introduces some privacy concerns but something like a container ID may be harmless to send.
The fact the go pieces are being placed in the spaces is driving me insane.
I noticed that too. I get why he did it that way (25x25 spaces instead of 26x26 intersections), but yeah, that looked wrong
I've never played go so it looks much more satisfying than placing on crossings
I played chess
@@squidwardfromua same
@@squidwardfromua You'll get used to place it on the intersections very quickly. And then it feels odd to place stones inside the squares. When you start playing go and get familiar with a 19x19 board it will feel very different from a chess board. So you won't confuse it with the chess way to place stones.
I actually stopped the video with a “did he…? Yes, he did. I bet someone commented on it…”
10:07 bro is nodding like he understands japanese
Could pick up a couple words here and there possibly, or there was more likely a translator on the call and he recorded and mixed the audio separately, taking out the translator portion.
😂😂😂
the guy wasnt even talking lmao, he was nodding at nothing
@@我係女同性戀 He's almost certainly nodding as the translator speaks the English response.
you can literally see him nodding to the translator at 30:32...
I just had an epiphany @14:25 ‼ - it's like a file format! The QR code is a physical file format! A wrapper for different information forms/types which can be passed, neatly, through the real world when encoded.
1000 years later, when they discover the qr codes painted on glass, I wonder how long will it take for them to understand it's not abstract art...
MattKC, the guy behind the snake-on-a-QR-code, is a beast! :D
i hate how he said "a programmer" instead of saying mattkc
@@Emayeahyeah, kinda disappointed by that. they atleast did reference it in the description tho
I would never have expected to see his work on this channel, shame there was no real shoutout :(
The lego island guy?
@@JohnSmith-qn3ob
Thats the guy
Amazing how simplified you explained ReedSolomon encoding-decoding without going in Galois field and finite field algebra! Beautiful.
This is an amazing video. I am a Manager at a food snack company and I am going to have my entire team that deals with our barcodes watch this video to not only better understand what they are doing now with our current codes, but understand why there is a push in the industry to put information at the hands of the consumer and allow us manufacturers to communicate through out packaging. Thank you!!
Indian here. We use QR code based UPI apps to carry out our transactions about 100% of the times. I genuinely cannot remember the last time i actually carried cash (and this is not an exaggeration). Everyone uses these QR codes to pay, and you will find them everywhere, the smallest street food vendor to the biggest luxury stores. I am used to scanning the QR with my phone within a second. Doesnt matter the angle, the blur, it instantly scans and pays, and i cannot imagine being in a country where this is not as mainstream as here
I don't use cash or use a phone app; I use card payments with cash as a backup.
We use NFC to do all those same things, either the chip in the bank card or phone pay app
The actual thing is it's totally free and instantaneous peer to peer transactions
@@googleboughtmee.
Yes, why this is different from NFC or cards, is you would definitely find stores which don't accept anything but cash in many countries, but with India's QR codes, it's as easy as downloading an app to setup a QR. The apps in fact have hired people to go to each and every merchant in their assigned cities and convince them to setup their app and QR codes. It is just Direct bank-to-bank transfer without any intermediary. Mediums like Visa, MasterCard, or phone wallets charge either the customer or merchant. All you need is a bank account and a smartphone to setup your QR for free, while you need to pay merchant fee to the likes of Visa on every transaction and buy the card scanner machine. This is why small stores across countries charge extra if you pay with card.
This is such an amazing video. For those interested in more about error correction codes and how they work, 3b1b has a couple of great videos on Hamming codes (which are kind of outdated but you'd be able to relate to what you saw in this video) he also made a video on an almost impossible chessboard puzzle which also related to error correction codes and how the puzzle connects to counting the vertices of higher dimensional cubes.
Me: "QR codes? Ick..."
Derek: "Back in 1825..."
Also me: "Go onnnnn..."
22:48 you lost me bro
Deadahh said to myself at this time “no idea wtf this dude talkin bout anymore” and clicked off the video but saw this just in time before leaving 😂 🙌
Same here 😂
lmao exactly at this point I was “wtf is this dude”
21:20 and the headache started 😂... Computers are awesome.
Hahahaha my brain turn upside down
Correction: Strictly speaking, ASCII is only 7 bit, not 8 bit. ASCII is 0 through 127 (128 code points in total). Numerous other character sets have extended ASCII for utilizing 8 bits and beyond. Without getting into the details, we often use UTF-8 nowadays, which is a superset of ASCII.
While i agree, the Extended ASCII is basically "the norm", and in a colloquial way, we just say "ASCII" to make it simple.
ASCII as a term can encompass both extended or not when one does not elaborate.
Correct, however "ASCII" is still often the term used, even incorrectly. I think this is just because it is much easier to say "askey" than "U T F - 8" or "UNICODE".
Similar to how the modern ethernet cable connector is commonly referred to as RJ45 when it is actually an 8P8C connector. Much easier to say RJ45 than 8P8C.
Like "ASCII art" is still called ASCII art even though it's almost certainly residing on a webpage utilizing UTF-8. I mean... is it still technically ASCII if there aren't any characters that strictly make use of UTF-8's encoding scheme, even if UTF-8's encoding scheme is being used?
If you create a .cpp file, write only backwards compatible C code, and compile it with a C++ compiler and it compiles without error, was that C or C++ code you just wrote?
@@Tyler-z8r Damn dude, awesome. Your response was more pedantic than the OP and that is saying something.
☝️🤓
Sounds like another idea for a video. ASCII, UTF, code points, BOMs, character sets, punycode, etc.
NO WAY I just got rickrolled 13:15
Nice spot!
Wouldn't that be RicQRolled
Nice. I knew it had to be in there somewhere.
Man ... I would never guess 😂
Man, didn't notice that. Thanks for informing us
I love when i watch something that feeds me knowledge constantly. This was an amazing explanation of how QR Codes work. Never thought these little codes can do so much. The engineering behind it is insane and i'm here asking myself (after seeing this video) "How does one come up with this stuff?". Unbelievable, really!!!
I cant scan any qr codes without the risk of getting rickrolled.
try 13:00
you can memorise what a rickroll looks like before scanning. then you can show off your scary premonition
Edit: (kinda already a thing)
At the end he mentions that he's trying to incorporate color into qr-codes. There are probably a few differnet levels to it but if they can somhow get around color calebration isuues then then we would REALLY never run out.
I think the easiest way to start with this would be to use simple RGB where 0 is a 0 and 255 is a one. That way each pixel store hold 3 bits
Coloured 2D barcode is already a thing: High Capacity Color Barcode (HCCB)
@@marcellkovacs5452 oh wow, seems like it's been around for a while too. I'm surprised he didn't mention it.
I guess it's not as widespread b/c it's easier to print black and white...
Black White and RGB would be 5 probably easily distinguishable different values
10:22
"Can you remind me what game are we playing?"
"Idk, just continue to put stones on the board. Don't ask unnecessary questions"
He got the idea from a go board, but never actually played the game I guess XD
This is such an awesome video! I never knew so much about barcodes and their origin, and now I understand how they work and why. I work at a grocery store and deal with barcodes all day long, hundreds of times a day. Every time I stock a product, I check the UPC (universal product code, or barcode) to make sure I am putting the right product in the right spot. Usually I only check the last 2 digits, which is usually sufficient enough as long as you are in the right section and are fairly sure it goes where you are putting it. For example, when stocking different flavors of the same product. Also, I was always told not to enter the last digit of a barcode when ringing up an item, or entering it into the computer system, but never knew why! Now I have an all new respect for something I had no idea was so intricate and well designed!
What does S.O.S stand for... Nothing. My life has been a lie
116k subscribers and not verified mark and 0 likes
*Nothing's cmf phone are cool*
It stands for "save our souls". Saying it stands for "nothing" is revisionist history.
It does mean Save our Souls.😊
@@AlanBarker souls and not bodies because SOB was already taken?
A few years ago, I was obsessed with writing a sudoku generator. I wanted to be able to print a set of solvable puzzles, but I also wanted the user to be able to scan them into a smartphone to use with one of the existing sudoku apps. I wrote a small QR code generator in Go (the language I used for the generator). With that, I could print each puzzle and next to it, a QR code.
1. At 28:44 - I just love (a) the bare feet and (b) the fact that the grid is lined up with the parquet floor.
2. At 8:41 - the cows were "culled" not "called" (as per captions)
thanks! Fixed the captions. Feet are still bare.
yeah that's some clever ruse to advertise the channel on wikifeet, I guess :D
12:23 I love that you mentioned MattKC in the video, I remember watching that video years ago myself, was very fun to see someone like you mention it
Trivia nitpick: The distress code is not SOS. SOS would be ".../_ _ _/..." However, the distress code is "... _ _ _ ..." -- that is, there are no pauses between sections! This is usually represented by placing an overbar above the letters, to indicate that the operator should not insert pauses.
SAVE OUR SOULS
@@Sindrijothat's a backronym
SOS is one word. you seperate words with bars not letters
@@thesinghzingkid So it's sos.
Like in, "Dang, Melissa, I think we're completely sossed again. I guess hiking just isn't for us."
@@thesinghzingkid SOS is treated as a SINGLE LETTER, not a word. I used slashes here because multiple spaces in a row don't work reliably in TH-cam comments -- I know that's not the traditional way of writing it, but I assumed people could get the point in context of everything else I wrote.
12:20 "one programmer" sad MattKC noises.
yeah I was like "MattKC mentioned!"
Bro the fact his work was mentioned is wild! Still such an amazing vid of his!
yeah 😢
When they started talking about the 177 QR code I had a feeling he was going to be mentioned. Watched the video when it came out, this is a crazy cannon.
yee
1, I have always loved QR codes. I even practiced how to read them. 2, One of my favorite games ever is an extremely underrated, philosophically-driven story, puzzle game called The Talos Principle. That game uses QR codes as messages on walls for AI to speak to each other. It's an amazing game. I highly recommend it for everyone who enjoys puzzle games. It is similar to Portal 2 and other great puzzle games.
Tell us more.
The Talos Principle is one of the best games ever. Playing through the 2nd one now.
If you liked TTP, I can't recommend Outer Wilds enough. Don't google it, every little bit of information is a major spoiler. You'll have to trust a random stranger on this one
@@TomisaMaker
The Talos Principle is a first-person puzzle game developed by Croteam and published by Devolver Digital, released in December 2014. The game masterfully combines intricate puzzle mechanics with a deep, philosophical narrative that delves into themes of consciousness, existence, and what it means to be human.
In the game, you awaken as a sentient android in a mysterious world filled with ancient ruins and advanced technology. Guided by a voice known as Elohim, you're tasked with solving a series of increasingly complex puzzles to prove your worth. As you explore, you'll encounter terminals that reveal fragments of the world's backstory, prompting you to question the reality of your existence and the nature of free will.
What's great about The Talos Principle is its seamless blend of challenging gameplay and thought-provoking storytelling. The puzzles are engaging and well-designed, offering a satisfying sense of accomplishment without feeling repetitive. The game encourages players to reflect on profound philosophical questions, making it an underrated gem that leaves a lasting impression long after completion.
This game very deeply touched my psyche in a way that few or no other games have. It very strongly resonated with my worldview: there's no obvious god around us, but we're able to explore the universe, create meaning from an absurd universe, and create solutions to problems from life. Perhaps there's a way to transcend it everything: to become greater than a god we can imagine. Even without free will: we and the whole univerae can change for the better.
Plus, now there's a second Talos Principle and more DLC and story for the game's universe. There will likely be a third Talos Principle: the writers are already writing the third game.
Tldr: The Talos Principle 1 is a philosophical puzzle game about what it means to be a person and if people have free will. It's an amazing and underrated game.
Didn't think of TTP while watching the video, but you're right! What I love most about the implementation of QR codes in TTP1 is the ability to leave pre-composed QR code messages (possibly containing puzzle hints) for your Steam friends, or even your future self once you start a new game. Also, fun fact: if you switch the game to a different language, the QR codes also switch to that language. Meaning, if you try languages that contain lots of non-ASCII letters, such as CJK languages, the QR codes suddenly become a lot denser.
3:17 this message in morse code translates to "WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT" which was the first ever message transmitted via morse code
As a student studying engineering this video made me realise that there are very smart people in this world. And this is overwhelming.
11:50 This board is 26×26, as stones are placed on intersections, not on squares. The largest standard go board is only 19×19.
The amount of work you have put into this video is crazy!!! So much info and research, plus you used animations to explain things further. Amazing work Veritasium! I am interested to see more videos of yours
6:58 - Rather than having one formula for a step in the calculations comes out to zero and a different formula for when it comes out to 1 through 9 (it's the remainder of dividing a positive integer by 10 so the only possible results are 0 through 9) you COULD use the SAME formula for all 10 cases, no special exceptions, by saying the check-digit is (0-r) mod 10 where "r" is that remainder. Where "r" is zero, this last calculation is zero. When "r" is 4, this last calculation gives us 6. It's all the same as the Narrator's scheme, but you feed all 10 possible outcomes into the same calculation instead of make zero into a special exception-to-the-rule. If it's an Excel formula then the lack of a special case removes an IF from it.
i found out you can use a QR code generated by gopro software, hidden from general users, that can unlock secret settings and push the limits of the gopro camera
A growing trope in science fiction media is the "cheat QR code", wearing some pattern that is hardcoded in AI systems to treat the person wearing it differently.
I mean you can wear a paper bag on your head too to beat most recognition systems but that's something else.
woah, hmm.
I still hate QR codes...
Companies complicate things so much with them. Sometimes, they can be useful, but often, they're just an unnecessary extra step that makes things tedious for no reason.
You're seeing them where it's convenient as a consumer then, as a user they come in massively handy
gotta save the 1 cent on paper for a real manual so we can be redirected to your shitty website
Agreed, all they have done in my eyes is dramatically increase the modern worlds dependency on our distraction machines (phones) and forced people who don't want to engage with this crap to jump through hoops. In the age of digital enslavement we are even more tied to the whims of corporate scumbags.
> I still hate QR codes...
Well, the problem is within you, not with the QR codes.
Incredible video! Love how you present such thorough information on something we use everyday but might not ever think about. Stimulating for all our creativity! And I really appreciate the balance of complexity without over-simplifying it. Some of the best content on TH-cam right now!
My smooth brain began to slowly implode from 18:16 onwards
yeah dude too much math
Once you realize 'dimensions' just means 'how many numbers in a list of numbers' a lot of 'high dimensional' things become much easier to understand.
25:19 thirty seven is everywhere!
37!
37!
Dirty semen!
Sorry for that 🏃♂️🏃♂️🏃♂️
This editing and production is epic. Shoutout to whoever did it 👊🏼🙏🏼🚨🗣️
That was a really super episode ... so well researched, presented and demonstrated (yes your GO Board QR Code worked!). I loved that you took the story all the way from Morse Code through to Bar Codes and onto QR codes. Really high quality content 👍
22:50 "But for simplicity...."
Yeah, this is all so simple 😂😂
6:20 "That should be more than enough"
Network engineers: hey, I've seen this one, it's a classic!
Yet, here we are still using IPv4 because NAT🤷♀️
Lol
9:39 If I had a nicked for how many times a Japenese man with their first name being "Masahiro" wound up creating a revolutionary invention I'd have two nickels, which isn't a lot but it's weird it happened twice.
Why? Is it equally weird that two 19th century English dudes called Charles revolutionised the way we look at the world? Or that two Russian called Nikolay received a Nobel price (one for physics and one for chemistry) within 10 years of each other? Common names are common.
Darwin and Babbage, Semenov and Basov if you were wondering
The best thing about Ve is the fact that they always take a simple, every day topic or concept... and discuss and it explain it in such a fascinating and amazing way that you can't help wanting to tell everyone about the random facts you just learned.
I scanned every qr code in the video to see if it was a rick roll .... you're not safe
13:07
@@gotkillflo6143 Oh my goodness it really is a rickroll! Lol
Btw, ASCII only encoded character codes up to 127, not 256 as mentioned (at 11:13). Only required 7 bits, not 8.
22:40 - Ah yes, words and numbers. I've heard of those.
When I did make a quest for a friend, I made a simple 3x3 sliding tile puzzle with 1 piece missing. I then placed the QR code on the other side of the sliding tiles so that you can only read it after you've correctly assembled the picture. I made sure that the single missing tile would not mess up the QR code, but sadly the cuts did mess the code in a much more substantial way. You'd either have to extremely precisely cut the pieces with a machine of sorts to have the tiny cuts that snap perfectly once they fit, or just giveaway the code once the puzzle is solved manually which sadly defeats the point
Veritasium is the type of channel that you have already clicked on before you read the title
21:05 That escalated quickly
love how the youtube video id is "webcow"
Morse was absolutely amazing, even for trying. Many people would say "Why bother finding a solution that WOULD have helped us? My love is already dead."
Morse HAD to care about other people as much as himself to be able to say "...but no, others shouldn't also have to feel this needless grief beyond grief."
I do hate how many places use exclusively QR code though. I want a website shown to me via text, a QR code with no website text under it is annoying. I don't want to have to pull out my phone to scan every code, give me a website to visit.
How do you visit a website without phone?. Our world is now mobile first
@@oldhelldog5460 By typing it in when I get home, or going to it on my phone in a protected context, or just seeing what they're showing like a YT video vs a website vs a payment link, etc.
A web address with QR code would be nice to have. Not all QR code links do that
@@oldhelldog5460 a computer or literally any other device that accesses the internet lmao. But also, you can use the internet on a phone without ever interacting with a QR code, just open the internet browser and type words. That's how the internet works, QR codes as the only option just make using the internet far more annoying. I've probably used a QR code a total of less than 100 times in my life, only when they're the only option. Sadly those annoying little things are becoming the only option in a lot of places, much like no headphone jack on phones or less USB ports on laptops.
@@Lerkero this should be the standard, because then people could actually see what website they're trying to access without scanning the thing. They wouldn't even need to scan it at all and could just type it themselves.
This editing is awesome !!!! Big respect to the editors.
22:23 …aaaand you lost me
Exact same issue
This is probably the clearest video on QR codes, including the rather complicated Reed-Solomon math. Brilliant!
9:50 I dont think the "Masahiro speaking Japanese" caption in subtitles is necessary, and on small devices it even blocks the actual captions in the video.
Other than that, really nice video.
Agreed, I'd much prefer if the captions included the actual translation instead of just the "speaking foreign language" trope that is an accessibility nightmare. Kept having to turn the captions off every time Masahiro spoke just to be able to read the in-video translation because the unnecessary caption kept blocking it.
Why would you use captions?? It's English and the Japanese has captions in the video
@@Timmyfox Why do you use captions?? Veritasium speaks proper English
@@budgetarms
Perhaps they have some auditory disability, be it an audio processing issue or difficulty hearing.
@@gavinriley5232 Or learning English but still struggling to understand spoken language, i needed subtitles for a while too. Or can't play loud audio where they are and don't have ear phones
As a retail worker, it's annoying when the manufacturers put the QR code next to the barcode. The barcode scanner often scans the QR code instead of the barcode, making us losing money.
The scanners that I’ve worked with usually have a configuration option to enable / disable different barcode formats. Mention this to your IT department if you haven’t already - they may be able to disable 2D barcodes and save some headache.
24:24
Derek: Set each coefficient to be a variable, set the polynomial equal to zero and solve for x=1. Then repeat for x=2 and, if the results are different, you know no error occurred.
Me: OK, I'm with you so far.
Derek: Do this for all the coefficients and, where the error occurred, the two results are the same.
Me: Huh, that's really neat.
Derek: ...and they're both equal to the original value.
Me: What the hell, that's sorcery. Mathematical dark magic. Get back, numerical Satan!
Ok so i finaly got it, its because when you change each coefficient to a variable individually. When the coeficient u get is not the error, you are working out a solution that is different for both, as thr polynomial is wrong in one of the positions (the number being a 6 in this case) when you set the 6 as a variable the rest kf the polynomial is correct allowing you tk work out the initial value, which by default should be equal coeficient at both x = 1 and x = 2 given the last 2 digets.
I hope that helped
Hi Veritasium, i was looking for a history of quantum physics video and i surprisingly couldnt find one on youtube. Youre the best person i could think of that i would want to hear explain the history of quantum physics, so heres my suggestion! I've always wondered about the thought processes of the people that paved the way of quantum physics were, and how they reacted to discovering this completely new and undiscovered field in physics similar to your complex numbers video. Hope you have a great day :)