I am surprised Serbian girl never heard "morski pas". Sure, we would not say it like that but it is a commonly known phrase from western parts, like Slovenia or Croatia. Than again, I am old and lived in old Yugoslavia time where those mixed a lot more. There was like 80s pop song "Da mi je biti morski pas" PS, "zrak" too. If I hear it in a sentence I know it is air, but I would use "vazduh".
Doesnt have to do with age,a lot of Serbs from Croatia,Bosnia would say zrak instead of vazduh,and morski pas is known word.Think draga was not born in Serbia
@@Popikaify she might be born in Serbia and that is why maybe she don't know about 'morski pas'. Or she was not but she lives in a small community from Serbia. I think second part is less likely as her accent is good, I heard lot of like American Serbs having American accent.
Morski pas and ajkula are normal synonymous in Serbian language. Some prefer one word over another. She (Draga) was surprised when Slovenian girl said "morski pas/pes" (sea dog) as she spent her education abroad so her Serbian is not so rich I assume
1:16 but we have "zwą mnie" which is an extra old way of saying "I am.." in polish, the fact that we don't use the formula anymore doesn't mean every word is unknown, and also "nazywam się" is absolutely in use "imię" is just the "first name" - nazywam się/zwą mnie same rut
In Croatia we say: #1 meat - meso #2 map - for map you can use all 3 words karta, mapa and zemljovid, depending on your preference. Also, like in Poland and Serbia karta can mean ticket. #3 name - ime #4 strawberry - jagoda #5 ice - led #6 knife - nož #7 air - zrak #8 snow - snijeg #9 shark - morski pas
We, Serbs, also used to say morski pas for a shark. I'm an older guy and I still use that term. Back in Yugoslavia, our languages used to be unified as the same language. So, what would any Serb really know about sharks? We just used the Croatian term. They really knew what shark was. So did Montenegrines. They were always using morski pas more than ajkula. Ajkula and morski pas were sinonimous for Serbs. What really strikes me is that our young girl Draga was so surprised with that term. Apparently, they don't longer use morski pas as the sinonim for ajkula in our schools. Apparently, our own Serbian government is also trying to invent some separate Serbian language on their own. Nothing but pure nationalism. The four independent countries sharing the same language. What's wrong with that? We love Draga for being so diplomatic and kind to everyone. And we also appreciate that the World Friends were not getting involved in our shameful nationalistic fights. And you should know that Slovenian and Serbo-Croatian are not the same languages. Their grammar is so different to each others. Also the words.
It's funny that in arabic the word for 'shark' if literally translated is also 'sea dog'. I kinda want to see that genius who came up with this idea first. He must've been way too obsessed with dogs
@@GoranJovanovic-fr1ig I think that Serbian-Croatian and Slovenian grammar are not that different as you say they are very different ,words in all three languages actually have the same root the vast majority of words
Nice video. Some trivia about Polish, because I can ;) 1. "mięso" (meat) - we have "mięsień" (muscle) from it, we also use "muskuł": these types of visual muscles that bodybuilders take care of - from the Latin "musculus" - the word went into West-Germanic tribes and evolved into "mussel" {Pol. "małż"} and into German "Muschel", what we borrowed as "muszla" (shell of mollusc). Because of its shape and association with water, the "muszla" is also a word for 'toilet bowl'. 2. "mapa" (map) and "kartografia" (cartography) exist both in Polish and English. It's funny that we will all agree what "atlas" is in this context :) {we also have "atłas" (satin)} In the past foreign languages calqued a lot from A. Greek and Latin, but when French became lingua franca the practise stopped/slowed down. So we also had different names for different things, e.g. "geografia" (geografy) was called "jeografia" but also "ziemiopis" (the calque didn't take over). When Polish orthography was standardized into modern alphabet, it took us over 50 years before we established where i/j should be in Polish words (80% of orthographic reforms were always about it - if some people are not native Russians but learn it they know what I mean ;) ) - and scientific topics took the most original forms. "Karta" comes from the Latin "charta" (a piece of paper) {yes, in the past we read "ch" also as "k" so we had e.g. "karakter", modern "charakter" (character)}, and means 'a sheet of mostly paper on which you can write smth' of smth big {it's used often in official documents, e.g. "karta rowerowa" (cycling licence), "Karta Nauczyciela" (Teacher's Charter)} when we talk about life it would mean 'page' in Eng: "zapisane na kartach życia" (written on the pages of life)}, normal part of book {Pol. "książka"}, notebook {Pol. "zeszyt" - because it's bound} is called "kartka". So the "karta" means also 'a playing card' and any plastic card that you connect with electronic system {this is what a Polish girl thought that they meant by "karta" as 'ticket' {we call it "bilet" - for buses, concerts or "mandat" when you got it as punishment}, e.g. "karta płatnicza" (payment card), also 'a tab' in internet search engine. Och, and we have a computer calques from English for "karta graficzna" (graphics card), "karta pamięci" (memory card) etc... 3. "imię" (first name) - plural "imiona", "nazwisko" (surname). We also have "miano" (title) -> "mianować" (to grant a title to smb, to appoint smb to a position). They make parts of linguistic terms, often than not are Latin calques - "nomen" (name) into English: 'noun', 'nominal': "imiesłów" (participle) {from Latin calques of "imię" {declinable by case part of speech} with properties of "słowo" {modern "czasownik" (verb)}}, "przyimek" (preposition), "zaimek" (pronoun) - instead of to declinable part of speech: noun, adj.; "przedimek" (article) - we have also "rodzajnik" (gendered article) - "rodzaj" (grammatical gender); poimek (postposition), "mianownik" 'nominative' or in maths e.g. "mianownik" (denominator), "wielomian" (polynomial). 4. "poziomka" (wild/forest strawbery) - lit. '(spreads) on the ground' and "truskawka" (garden strawberry) - from the word "trusk" {sound of breaking something; that's why this word evolved into Russian трущоба}, because when you put your feet on its stalks and leaves it loudly breaks and makes a sound. We use "jagoda" for botanic fruit called 'berry' and in everyday life {because we often have different scientific names} for 'European blueberry' {"czarna jagoda" because it was used to colour hair black, or more dark} and "borówka (amerykańska)" for 'American blueberry' {"bór" (coniferous forest), "borowik" (boletus)} 5. "lód" (ice), "lodowiec" (glacier), "epoka lodowcowa" (ice age), "gołoledź" (black ice), "kostka lodu" (ice cube) "lody" (ice cream), "lodziarnia" (ice cream shop), "lodówka" (fridge). 6. "nóż" (knife) {ó is always read as u}, "nożyczki" (scissors) 7. "powietrze" (air) - because "wiatr" (wind), "wietrzyć" 'to air, ventilate'. I find it interesting that Polish and East Slavic languages use instrumental case {at least according to ChatGP} in "to breathe the air" while Upper Slavic languages {behind mountains {when you are a Pole}, these that consider R as a semivowel} don't. The opposite of fresh air is "zaduch" (stiff air). The "duchota" is when there is hot and the air is stale. "bez tchu" (breathless), "bezdech" (apnoea), "oddech" (breath), "wdech" (inhalation, inspiration), "wydech" (exhalation, expiration), "przydech" (linguistic aspiration). I'm really courious how "zrak" became 'air' in Slovenian and Serbo-Croatian. We use "wzrok" (sight, vision), "zerkać" (to peep, peek), "spojrzeć" (to glance, look at), "przezroczysty"/"przejrzysty" (transparent, see-through), "zwierciadło" (Medieval mirror). 8. "śnieg" (snow), "śnieżynka" (snowflake), "śnieżyca" (snowstorm), "śnieżka" (snowball), "Śnieżka" (Snow White), "przebiśnieg" (snowdrop), "śniegowce" (snowboots). A 'snowman' is called "bałwan" {because in the past the word meant 'idol' as in "bałwochwalstwo" (idolatry) - isn't it simillar also in Russian with снежная баба (snowman), because "baba" also describes 'form' as in бабы прусские - these are statues of men}, it's also the name of a large foamy (white) rolled wave on the sea (billow), and used as derogatory term (blockhead), in the past it also described 'pillar of salt'. 9. "rekin" (shark) Most of the big and often dangerous for humans sharks are called "żarłacz" {"żreć" (to devour)}. When comes to animals (that I can think about now) with description "morski" (sea) + different existing animal are: - "świnka morska" (guinea pig) {a little sea pig} - copy from German "Meerschweinchen", we also borrowed from "Meerschwein" our "morświn" 'porpoise' - where they use it to mean 'from far away', - "konik morski" (sea horse) {a little sea horse} - when comes to sciense or TV programs it's called "pławikonik" {"pławić" (to submerge)} because e.g. "pławikonik europejki" sounds 10000% better in Polish than "morski konik europejski" ;) - "lew morski" (sea lion) {a sea lion} - they are also called "uchatka" {"ucho" (ear)} Before anyone starts to laugh, you should know that English has "sea cucumber" {Pol. "strzykwa"} and German has "Seehund" (harbour seal) {a sea dog - where they changed "seal" into "sea"; Pol. "foka (zwyczajna)"} Thank you for my Polish lesson. See you again :)
@@alexliusik6896 You are right, that when you know English a lot of Polish words start to become more obvious - e.g. Latin "scissor" ('the one that cuts', e.g. tailor) became "scyzoryk" (pocketknife) ;)
'Bałwan' is similar to russian 'болван' (bolvan) which does come from idolatry as a pagan figure statue but nowadays is just a curse word (smth like dumb)
Also the word "lód" (with a slightly different declension pattern, than that for the meaning of "ice'') can be used as a singular for "lody" (ice cream), i.e. "a portion of ice cream for a single person" and in the colloquial language it means something much less appropriate ;). This slang meaning is the one in the expression "zrobić _komuś_ loda". This meaning probably appeared because the process of eating ice cream reminds one of this... well... you know.
"Indo European" huh? You're speaking about the term for the artificial language originaly named "Indo-Germanic" completely invented by German linguists to support theories about Germanic supremacy and Arian legacy? That term? Which, only when other Western non-German experts raised their voice, term changed into "Indo-European" so other Western nations have their part in origins of all europeans? The term for language (and people) which existence is only theory and actualy never proven, but simply accepted by Western "experts" because was so convenient and than imposed to other "barbaric" nations of the Europe and the rest of the world in extent. Read more about origins and consequences of that theory, analize it and I'm sure that you will see that it is a complete propagandic nonsense. Fun fact: "Indo-European" theory asume that Sanskrit is the oldest "Indo-European" language and Slavic languages are the youngest, but yet for numbers from 11 to 19, Sanskrit use completely Slavic logic and words in building the terms for those numbers. Terms for those numbers are made by merging 3 different words into one. Those 3 words are words for unit, the word for "over/above/on" and the word for 10. Coincidence? Well it cant be, since even if early speakers of Sanskrit coincidenticaly used the same logic (unit+word for over/above/on+word for 10), second word of those 3 (word for over/above/on), in Sanskrit isn't even close to the Slavic word "NA" but yet it is there in every Sanskrit term for numbers from 11 to 19. They litteraly have completed Slavic version for those numbers. On the other hand Germanic languages follow completely different logic to make words for those numbers. So how "Indo-Europen" theory explain that?
In 1979, Metak released their first album, U Tetrapaku (In Tetrapak). Their hit single, "Da Mi Je Biti Morski Pas" ("Wish I Were A Shark") was one of the biggest Yugoslavian hits of all time and was later covered by the Split heavy metal band Osmi Putnik.
I'm polish I was gonna say u are wrong but I checked and you are actually right, jagoda is a scientific term for berry in polish but in everyday speech we call blueberry ' jagoda ' and word 'berry' isn't really used in polish.
@@prawybizon8126 As a Polish speaker, I am glad that in normal Polish in everyday speech even potato has normal "scientific" name: "ziemniak". Because using the word "bulwa" (tuber) as "ziemniak" (potato) would be the same linguistic nonsense as using the word "jagoda" (berry) as "borówka" (blueberry:)
@@prawybizon8126 Winorośle mają jagody w gronach. Wielkość jagód jest ważną cechą danej odmiany winorośli, podobnie jak jej plenność, kolor, pora dojrzewania etc.
@@prawybizon8126 Więc większość Polaków powiedziałaby Jagoda na blueberry i borówka na co? More like American bigger blueberries? N.p borówka amerykańska
@@piernicolacasucci7546 Lepiej jednak trzymać się normalnych nazw "naukowych", bo tak potocznie, to zjedzenie jagód pokrzyku, czyli potocznej wilczej jagody nie byłoby tak miłe i zdrowe jak zjedzenie jagód borówki czy jagód truskawki, albo i owoców pomidora czy ogórka, które też są jagodami :)
With the berry thing : All berries in Polish used to br called jagody or leśne jagody but at some poijt we started to differentiate and now we have maliny (rasberry) , jeżyny (blackberry) truskawki (strawberry), poziomki (tiny berry). Officially bluberry i Polish is in fsct jagoda but some regions also say borówki. In my part (north) we say jagody for the small one with red inside and the bogger ones with more white inside we call borówki amerykańskie. With the word map we do in fact say mapa for the image but a person drawing and studying maps is a kartogrsfer and the name for the subject is kartogrsfia (someone who studies maps). Also in Polish you can introduce youself both ways: Nazywam się Ania or Mam na imię Ania. And rekin is asapted dorm French requin. We actually have a lot of borrowings from French : makijaż, garaż, garmaż, żyrandol etc ż is like french J
Here's a good way to describe differences between Slavic languages: Serbian is a lot like Russian but with less vowels("r" sound acts as semi-vowel),random stress pattern and generally less exception to the established rules...(Also I've heard many Russians comparing reading Serbian to reading Bible due to Serbian having many words that are archaic in Russian) Polish is even more at odds with vowels than Serbian and they love to shovel consonants together so no other mortal person could pronounce the words of Polish language. Also there is no rules,only exceptions...
Russians actually do not understand Serbian and entire grammar is different. Serbian might use some archaic Slavic words but in the same time Serbian is full of loan words from Turkish, German, Arab, Hungarian, French, Italian, English, Greek... For Serbians Russian language sounds as soft as soft something can be. Serbian is highly phonetic and clear in pronunciation with consonant clusters, while Russian often break down consonant clusters with unclear vowel making it sound as mumbling in eternal softeness
@@colinafobe2152 Entire grammar is different??? I speak both languages and I can say that Russian and Serbian have the same grammar patterns (cases, imperfective/perfective verbs, reflective verbs...) The only differences are verbs of motion (simplier system in Serbian) and cases of numerals (no cases in Serbian).
@@djordje4293 for Slavic languages grammars are different. Russian does not have or they do not use auxiliary verb 'I am' for example. They do not use vocative case etc
@@djordje4293 not really minor specially omitting "to be". also omitting "I have" with "in me". other Slavic languages have these, including vocative. Moreover Serbian is much more flexible with word order in sentence, Serbian formal language is much less in use in everyday conversation unlike "set by rules" formal everyday Russian. In Serbian there are numerous dialects, endless local accents, rich with phrases, quotes. Maybe Serbian sounds archaic to Russians but dont tell me that Russian does not sound and does not seems when it is written archaic to Serbs. That is probably how all Slavic languages sound one to another
Polish word for friend is actually very similar to Serbian word, "prijatelj". Russian must be the oddest out of all Slavic languages but ironically due to numbers and history many Slavs are more or less familiar with that language
@@colinafobe2152 In Polish is used also word "druh", which formally means "scout leader", but non-formally is used also as synonym for "przyjaciel" (friend). So "druh" as friend in Polish is not very strange, even if "druh" in Polish is used as "druh with H" in Czech & Slovak style (instead "drug with G" in Polish style :)
In Serbian and Croatian can be Ajkula ili Morski Pas too as in Slovenian . Draga is young and she not lived in EX Yugoslavia . In Serbia we rarelly used Morski Pas so she not heard it seems :) )):) )) There is even very popular old song "da mi je biti morski pas, samo jedan dan!" :)
In Romania we say (i know we arent a slavic country but still with a little bit of slavic influences on our language) 1: meat - carne 2: map - harta 3: name - nume 4: strawberry - căpșune 5: ice - gheață 6: knife - cuțit 7: air - aer but we say in romanian "duh" which is similar to serbian "vazduh" but in romanian it means soul (the soul which left the body for example) so we use it only in terms of religious context 8: snow - zăpada 9: shark - rechin (similar to polish)
Knowing 2 of 3 Slavic langages, especially if every of them from one of 3. Slavic groups (Western, Easterm, Southern) help very much to understand them All! :)
The weirdest thing for me as Czech about east slavic languages is how they always skip AM and IS, like instead of "I am hungry" they say "I hungry" which sounds ridiculous, it's like they are 3 years old and they don't know grammar yet. 😀
@@francek3892 as a compensatory thing - in East Slavic languages one cannot skip personal pronouns in such cases (well, mostly). Having the direct object is easier than considering the verb endings, at least, for language learners.
In Polish we can skip personal prenouns because verb form indicate the person: "zrobilem" - I did, "zrobiles" - you did, "zrobil" - he did, "zrobila" - she did, "zrobilo" - it did. Same for plural...
Indeed. As a Polish/West Slavic speaker it DOES sound weird. You also fogot to mention how they (East Slavs) also avoid using the verb "to have" mieć/mít from Proto Slavic *jьměti, which is how they denote possession also sounds strange.
For the rule : Our u and ó used to mean very different sounds , so ó is a softer , shorter sound but at the moment rhe difference is not very noticeable more traditional in writing.
13:09 The Russian language borrowed a lot of words from Polish. A long time ago, the Russian language was very poor in vocabulary and a large part of this language is based on Polish. There is a book that has almost 300 pages in which there are borrowings from Polish in Russian. It seems to me that most Slavic languages borrow a lot from Polish (by the way, the most similar to the interslavic language, maybe Ukrainian is more similar) due to the fact that Poland was the largest Slavic country that was close to Western culture. At the time when Poland was a great power (~1400-1700) even in France at the courts Polish was taught because it was fashionable
@AkiRa22084 that does not mean that they did not change/influence/get influenced in different ways. If all were static and already in the past 'fixed' then you had no different Slavic, Germanic or Romance languages in the first place (actually even not that but just Indo-European ones - and one could even go further back playing the same game). Also German and other language influenced Polish and other Slavic languages just like you also have Polish words in German (for instance the Polish 'Ogórek' which led to the German 'Gurke' and had also an impact on all other Slavic languages with variations of that).
@@AkiRa22084 yes, there used to be one universal Proto-Slavic language used among most Slavic tribes, there are also many borrowings from Italian, in Persian there are also many words similar to Slavic and there are really many such examples. However, the Slavic languages began to separate when the first Slavic states were created, such as Poland (Polish Kingdom), Kievan Rus (now Ukraine/Russia), Kingdom of Great Moravia (Czech Republic). As I wrote earlier, the closest to Proto-Slavic is Polish and Ukrainian, if you mixed these two languages, the language that is most similar to Proto-Slavic would be created.
It’s a very silly fairy tale. We have many poets, writers in Russia, of course they used protoslavic words and modern words. But you believe that Poland is the world centre of the civilisation. Just common protoslavic words similar to Sanskrit even 😂😢😮 The fact
Czech: 1. Meat - maso 2. Map - mapa (karta is in czech card) 3. Name - jméno 4. Strawberry - jahoda (blueberry is borůvka) 5. Ice - led (lid from ukrainian is in czech something like mass of people) 6. Knife - nůž (leg is noha) 7. Air - vzduch (zrak is sight and also we have another word for air similar to polish - povětří) 8. Snow - sníh (polish snow sounds like snail in czech - šnek) 9. Shark - žralok
Карта - это слово заимствованное из германских языков (а у них то-ли из латыни, то-ли из греческого), а не славянское. *А английский - это германский язык.
Это забавно, кстати. Я общалась с француженкой по-английски, и вместо map она говорила card - так как по-французски будет carte, что созвучно. И русскоязычные по той же причине периодически пытаются вместо map сказать card =) Так что мы друг друга хорошо понимали))
You're right. Polish has many nouns borrowed from other languages - German, French, English, Russian, Hungarian, and evenTurkish. The old loanwords have been adapted to Polish pronunciation when newest ones are very ofren written in original form.
Technically, neither Chinese, but Mandarin and Cantonese. But Alex probably means Hindi here, because Bollywood films were very popular in Russia, which is where Russians learned most about Indian culture back in time. I can't say about all the films, but the most popular ones, which were often shown on TV, were in Hindi - that's why you often hear "Indian language" in Russian, meaning Hindi. So even now we know that there are other languages there we may say so just out of habit, no disrespect.
Similarity of Serbian and other Slavic languages with: Montenegrin 98%, Bosnian 97%, Croatian 95%, Macedonian 80%, Bulgarian 70%, Slovenian 60%, Slovak and Ukrainian 50%, Czech and Russian 40%, Belarusian and Polish 30 %, Lusatian-Serbian (Лужицкий сербский) 20%
@tienshinhan2524 I would politely disagree here. Beside the cyrillic and a couple of words that are being taken from Ottomans or Russians, Serbian language is "quite easy to understand" for Slovenians. Vice versa not so much (so I've heard).
@@ortros1 No. You talk that because you understand & probably also speak Serbian, just like older generation of Slovenes that lived in SFRY. Serbian & Slovene are partially similar & Serbian does not derive from Slovene & vice versa. Cyrillic does not play any role here. We don't have couple of Turkish words but many of them.
@tienshinhan2524 who was Vuk Karadzic? Otherwise you might be right (I did notice that some younger Slovenian population have problems understanding "Serbo-Croatian" language). And about Ottomans: yeah. It's probably like with Slovenian language and words that are "borrowed" from Germanic language.
@@ortros1 You probably know who Vuk was. I am not for him & not even against him. Younger Slovenes understand, but not even close like older Slovenes, because Yugoslavia don't exist anymore. (although "Serbo-Croatian" has big influence in Slovenia). Well we have both, more Turkish, of course while you have more German ones.
I am surprised Serbian girl never heard "morski pas". Sure, we would not say it like that but it is a commonly known phrase from western parts, like Slovenia or Croatia. Than again, I am old and lived in old Yugoslavia time where those mixed a lot more. There was like 80s pop song "Da mi je biti morski pas"
PS, "zrak" too. If I hear it in a sentence I know it is air, but I would use "vazduh".
Slovene took that word from Croatian/Serbo-Croatian.
Also, in Croatian, Serbian "zrak", as "the beam", iz "zraka".
As a Serb I agree
Doesnt have to do with age,a lot of Serbs from Croatia,Bosnia would say zrak instead of vazduh,and morski pas is known word.Think draga was not born in Serbia
@@Popikaify she might be born in Serbia and that is why maybe she don't know about 'morski pas'. Or she was not but she lives in a small community from Serbia. I think second part is less likely as her accent is good, I heard lot of like American Serbs having American accent.
Morski pas and ajkula are normal synonymous in Serbian language. Some prefer one word over another. She (Draga) was surprised when Slovenian girl said "morski pas/pes" (sea dog) as she spent her education abroad so her Serbian is not so rich I assume
1:16 but we have "zwą mnie" which is an extra old way of saying "I am.." in polish, the fact that we don't use the formula anymore doesn't mean every word is unknown, and also "nazywam się" is absolutely in use "imię" is just the "first name" - nazywam się/zwą mnie same rut
chyba u ciebie w domu typie
@@avarar4439 co... nie mówisz "nazywam się"? xDDDDD wszystko gra tam u cb?
None of those girls seems well read, their vocabulary is not very rich.
@@valentintapata2268 Nah the polish girl was fine
Happy New Year to you, Alex, glad you're still here.
In Croatia we say:
#1 meat - meso
#2 map - for map you can use all 3 words karta, mapa and zemljovid, depending on your preference. Also, like in Poland and Serbia karta can mean ticket.
#3 name - ime
#4 strawberry - jagoda
#5 ice - led
#6 knife - nož
#7 air - zrak
#8 snow - snijeg
#9 shark - morski pas
Wow, that’s pretty close)
Aha morski pas ili ajkula!
We, Serbs, also used to say morski pas for a shark. I'm an older guy and I still use that term. Back in Yugoslavia, our languages used to be unified as the same language. So, what would any Serb really know about sharks? We just used the Croatian term. They really knew what shark was. So did Montenegrines. They were always using morski pas more than ajkula. Ajkula and morski pas were sinonimous for Serbs. What really strikes me is that our young girl Draga was so surprised with that term. Apparently, they don't longer use morski pas as the sinonim for ajkula in our schools. Apparently, our own Serbian government is also trying to invent some separate Serbian language on their own. Nothing but pure nationalism. The four independent countries sharing the same language. What's wrong with that? We love Draga for being so diplomatic and kind to everyone. And we also appreciate that the World Friends were not getting involved in our shameful nationalistic fights. And you should know that Slovenian and Serbo-Croatian are not the same languages. Their grammar is so different to each others. Also the words.
It's funny that in arabic the word for 'shark' if literally translated is also 'sea dog'. I kinda want to see that genius who came up with this idea first. He must've been way too obsessed with dogs
@@GoranJovanovic-fr1ig I think that Serbian-Croatian and Slovenian grammar are not that different as you say they are very different ,words in all three languages actually have the same root the vast majority of words
Nice video.
Some trivia about Polish, because I can ;)
1. "mięso" (meat) - we have "mięsień" (muscle) from it, we also use "muskuł": these types of visual muscles that bodybuilders take care of - from the Latin "musculus" - the word went into West-Germanic tribes and evolved into "mussel" {Pol. "małż"} and into German "Muschel", what we borrowed as "muszla" (shell of mollusc). Because of its shape and association with water, the "muszla" is also a word for 'toilet bowl'.
2. "mapa" (map) and "kartografia" (cartography) exist both in Polish and English. It's funny that we will all agree what "atlas" is in this context :) {we also have "atłas" (satin)} In the past foreign languages calqued a lot from A. Greek and Latin, but when French became lingua franca the practise stopped/slowed down. So we also had different names for different things, e.g. "geografia" (geografy) was called "jeografia" but also "ziemiopis" (the calque didn't take over). When Polish orthography was standardized into modern alphabet, it took us over 50 years before we established where i/j should be in Polish words (80% of orthographic reforms were always about it - if some people are not native Russians but learn it they know what I mean ;) ) - and scientific topics took the most original forms.
"Karta" comes from the Latin "charta" (a piece of paper) {yes, in the past we read "ch" also as "k" so we had e.g. "karakter", modern "charakter" (character)}, and means 'a sheet of mostly paper on which you can write smth' of smth big {it's used often in official documents, e.g. "karta rowerowa" (cycling licence), "Karta Nauczyciela" (Teacher's Charter)} when we talk about life it would mean 'page' in Eng: "zapisane na kartach życia" (written on the pages of life)}, normal part of book {Pol. "książka"}, notebook {Pol. "zeszyt" - because it's bound} is called "kartka". So the "karta" means also 'a playing card' and any plastic card that you connect with electronic system {this is what a Polish girl thought that they meant by "karta" as 'ticket' {we call it "bilet" - for buses, concerts or "mandat" when you got it as punishment}, e.g. "karta płatnicza" (payment card), also 'a tab' in internet search engine. Och, and we have a computer calques from English for "karta graficzna" (graphics card), "karta pamięci" (memory card) etc...
3. "imię" (first name) - plural "imiona", "nazwisko" (surname). We also have "miano" (title) -> "mianować" (to grant a title to smb, to appoint smb to a position).
They make parts of linguistic terms, often than not are Latin calques - "nomen" (name) into English: 'noun', 'nominal': "imiesłów" (participle) {from Latin calques of "imię" {declinable by case part of speech} with properties of "słowo" {modern "czasownik" (verb)}}, "przyimek" (preposition), "zaimek" (pronoun) - instead of to declinable part of speech: noun, adj.; "przedimek" (article) - we have also "rodzajnik" (gendered article) - "rodzaj" (grammatical gender); poimek (postposition), "mianownik" 'nominative' or in maths e.g. "mianownik" (denominator), "wielomian" (polynomial).
4. "poziomka" (wild/forest strawbery) - lit. '(spreads) on the ground' and "truskawka" (garden strawberry) - from the word "trusk" {sound of breaking something; that's why this word evolved into Russian трущоба}, because when you put your feet on its stalks and leaves it loudly breaks and makes a sound.
We use "jagoda" for botanic fruit called 'berry' and in everyday life {because we often have different scientific names} for 'European blueberry' {"czarna jagoda" because it was used to colour hair black, or more dark} and "borówka (amerykańska)" for 'American blueberry' {"bór" (coniferous forest), "borowik" (boletus)}
5. "lód" (ice), "lodowiec" (glacier), "epoka lodowcowa" (ice age), "gołoledź" (black ice), "kostka lodu" (ice cube) "lody" (ice cream), "lodziarnia" (ice cream shop), "lodówka" (fridge).
6. "nóż" (knife) {ó is always read as u}, "nożyczki" (scissors)
7. "powietrze" (air) - because "wiatr" (wind), "wietrzyć" 'to air, ventilate'. I find it interesting that Polish and East Slavic languages use instrumental case {at least according to ChatGP} in "to breathe the air" while Upper Slavic languages {behind mountains {when you are a Pole}, these that consider R as a semivowel} don't. The opposite of fresh air is "zaduch" (stiff air). The "duchota" is when there is hot and the air is stale. "bez tchu" (breathless), "bezdech" (apnoea), "oddech" (breath), "wdech" (inhalation, inspiration), "wydech" (exhalation, expiration), "przydech" (linguistic aspiration).
I'm really courious how "zrak" became 'air' in Slovenian and Serbo-Croatian. We use "wzrok" (sight, vision), "zerkać" (to peep, peek), "spojrzeć" (to glance, look at), "przezroczysty"/"przejrzysty" (transparent, see-through), "zwierciadło" (Medieval mirror).
8. "śnieg" (snow), "śnieżynka" (snowflake), "śnieżyca" (snowstorm), "śnieżka" (snowball), "Śnieżka" (Snow White), "przebiśnieg" (snowdrop), "śniegowce" (snowboots).
A 'snowman' is called "bałwan" {because in the past the word meant 'idol' as in "bałwochwalstwo" (idolatry) - isn't it simillar also in Russian with снежная баба (snowman), because "baba" also describes 'form' as in бабы прусские - these are statues of men}, it's also the name of a large foamy (white) rolled wave on the sea (billow), and used as derogatory term (blockhead), in the past it also described 'pillar of salt'.
9. "rekin" (shark) Most of the big and often dangerous for humans sharks are called "żarłacz" {"żreć" (to devour)}.
When comes to animals (that I can think about now) with description "morski" (sea) + different existing animal are:
- "świnka morska" (guinea pig) {a little sea pig} - copy from German "Meerschweinchen", we also borrowed from "Meerschwein" our "morświn" 'porpoise' - where they use it to mean 'from far away',
- "konik morski" (sea horse) {a little sea horse} - when comes to sciense or TV programs it's called "pławikonik" {"pławić" (to submerge)} because e.g. "pławikonik europejki" sounds 10000% better in Polish than "morski konik europejski" ;)
- "lew morski" (sea lion) {a sea lion} - they are also called "uchatka" {"ucho" (ear)}
Before anyone starts to laugh, you should know that English has "sea cucumber" {Pol. "strzykwa"} and German has "Seehund" (harbour seal) {a sea dog - where they changed "seal" into "sea"; Pol. "foka (zwyczajna)"}
Thank you for my Polish lesson. See you again :)
Today I became smarter
@@alexliusik6896 You are right, that when you know English a lot of Polish words start to become more obvious - e.g. Latin "scissor" ('the one that cuts', e.g. tailor) became "scyzoryk" (pocketknife) ;)
'Bałwan' is similar to russian 'болван' (bolvan) which does come from idolatry as a pagan figure statue but nowadays is just a curse word (smth like dumb)
Also the word "lód" (with a slightly different declension pattern, than that for the meaning of "ice'') can be used as a singular for "lody" (ice cream), i.e. "a portion of ice cream for a single person" and in the colloquial language it means something much less appropriate ;). This slang meaning is the one in the expression "zrobić _komuś_ loda". This meaning probably appeared because the process of eating ice cream reminds one of this... well... you know.
Don't forget that Slavic and Germanic languages all belong to one big family of Indo European languages. So commonly used words have one root.
"Indo European" huh? You're speaking about the term for the artificial language originaly named "Indo-Germanic" completely invented by German linguists to support theories about Germanic supremacy and Arian legacy? That term? Which, only when other Western non-German experts raised their voice, term changed into "Indo-European" so other Western nations have their part in origins of all europeans? The term for language (and people) which existence is only theory and actualy never proven, but simply accepted by Western "experts" because was so convenient and than imposed to other "barbaric" nations of the Europe and the rest of the world in extent. Read more about origins and consequences of that theory, analize it and I'm sure that you will see that it is a complete propagandic nonsense. Fun fact: "Indo-European" theory asume that Sanskrit is the oldest "Indo-European" language and Slavic languages are the youngest, but yet for numbers from 11 to 19, Sanskrit use completely Slavic logic and words in building the terms for those numbers. Terms for those numbers are made by merging 3 different words into one. Those 3 words are words for unit, the word for "over/above/on" and the word for 10. Coincidence? Well it cant be, since even if early speakers of Sanskrit coincidenticaly used the same logic (unit+word for over/above/on+word for 10), second word of those 3 (word for over/above/on), in Sanskrit isn't even close to the Slavic word "NA" but yet it is there in every Sanskrit term for numbers from 11 to 19. They litteraly have completed Slavic version for those numbers. On the other hand Germanic languages follow completely different logic to make words for those numbers. So how "Indo-Europen" theory explain that?
In 1979, Metak released their first album, U Tetrapaku (In Tetrapak). Their hit single, "Da Mi Je Biti Morski Pas" ("Wish I Were A Shark") was one of the biggest Yugoslavian hits of all time and was later covered by the Split heavy metal band Osmi Putnik.
In Serbian morski pas is also used
1:09 in Polish you can also say "Nazywam się" which is way more similar to Russian
"Меня зовут" (Menia zowut...) literally - 'me (they) call'
Називам се , ја се зовем , мене зову , моје име је... Све је врло блиско и разумљиво.
@@ОлегВолохов-ж8у "Nazywam się" literally means something more like "I call myself"
@theRAV4000 Yes, we can also say 'я зовусь..." but we rarely use this form
@@theRAV4000 yes on serbisn nazivam se litteraly means i cal myself too :) ))
I’m not polish but I’m pretty sure that “jagoda” means “berry” in general and “blueberry” is “borówka”
I'm polish I was gonna say u are wrong but I checked and you are actually right, jagoda is a scientific term for berry in polish but in everyday speech we call blueberry ' jagoda ' and word 'berry' isn't really used in polish.
@@prawybizon8126 As a Polish speaker, I am glad that in normal Polish in everyday speech even potato has normal "scientific" name: "ziemniak".
Because using the word "bulwa" (tuber) as "ziemniak" (potato) would be the same linguistic nonsense as using the word "jagoda" (berry) as "borówka" (blueberry:)
@@prawybizon8126 Winorośle mają jagody w gronach. Wielkość jagód jest ważną cechą danej odmiany winorośli, podobnie jak jej plenność, kolor, pora dojrzewania etc.
@@prawybizon8126 Więc większość Polaków powiedziałaby Jagoda na blueberry i borówka na co? More like American bigger blueberries? N.p borówka amerykańska
@@piernicolacasucci7546 Lepiej jednak trzymać się normalnych nazw "naukowych", bo tak potocznie, to zjedzenie jagód pokrzyku, czyli potocznej wilczej jagody nie byłoby tak miłe i zdrowe jak zjedzenie jagód borówki czy jagód truskawki, albo i owoców pomidora czy ogórka, które też są jagodami :)
With the berry thing :
All berries in Polish used to br called jagody or leśne jagody but at some poijt we started to differentiate and now we have maliny (rasberry) , jeżyny (blackberry) truskawki (strawberry), poziomki (tiny berry). Officially bluberry i Polish is in fsct jagoda but some regions also say borówki. In my part (north) we say jagody for the small one with red inside and the bogger ones with more white inside we call borówki amerykańskie.
With the word map we do in fact say mapa for the image but a person drawing and studying maps is a kartogrsfer and the name for the subject is kartogrsfia (someone who studies maps).
Also in Polish you can introduce youself both ways:
Nazywam się Ania or Mam na imię Ania.
And rekin is asapted dorm French requin. We actually have a lot of borrowings from French : makijaż, garaż, garmaż, żyrandol etc
ż is like french J
Here's a good way to describe differences between Slavic languages:
Serbian is a lot like Russian but with less vowels("r" sound acts as semi-vowel),random stress pattern and generally less exception to the established rules...(Also I've heard many Russians comparing reading Serbian to reading Bible due to Serbian having many words that are archaic in Russian)
Polish is even more at odds with vowels than Serbian and they love to shovel consonants together so no other mortal person could pronounce the words of Polish language. Also there is no rules,only exceptions...
Russians actually do not understand Serbian and entire grammar is different. Serbian might use some archaic Slavic words but in the same time Serbian is full of loan words from Turkish, German, Arab, Hungarian, French, Italian, English, Greek... For Serbians Russian language sounds as soft as soft something can be. Serbian is highly phonetic and clear in pronunciation with consonant clusters, while Russian often break down consonant clusters with unclear vowel making it sound as mumbling in eternal softeness
@@colinafobe2152
Entire grammar is different???
I speak both languages and I can say that Russian and Serbian have the same grammar patterns (cases, imperfective/perfective verbs, reflective verbs...) The only differences are verbs of motion (simplier system in Serbian) and cases of numerals (no cases in Serbian).
@@djordje4293 for Slavic languages grammars are different. Russian does not have or they do not use auxiliary verb 'I am' for example. They do not use vocative case etc
@@colinafobe2152 It's true. But vocative and omitted verb "to be" in the present tense are minor differences.
@@djordje4293 not really minor specially omitting "to be". also omitting "I have" with "in me". other Slavic languages have these, including vocative. Moreover Serbian is much more flexible with word order in sentence, Serbian formal language is much less in use in everyday conversation unlike "set by rules" formal everyday Russian. In Serbian there are numerous dialects, endless local accents, rich with phrases, quotes. Maybe Serbian sounds archaic to Russians but dont tell me that Russian does not sound and does not seems when it is written archaic to Serbs. That is probably how all Slavic languages sound one to another
Polish word for friend is actually very similar to Serbian word, "prijatelj". Russian must be the oddest out of all Slavic languages but ironically due to numbers and history many Slavs are more or less familiar with that language
Russian is just very much influenced by other languages.
@@crazymelomanka not by same for sure
@@colinafobe2152 In Polish is used also word "druh", which formally means "scout leader", but non-formally is used also as synonym for "przyjaciel" (friend).
So "druh" as friend in Polish is not very strange, even if "druh" in Polish is used as "druh with H" in Czech & Slovak style (instead "drug with G" in Polish style :)
@@Robertoslaw.Iksinski also in Serbian synonym of prijatelj (priyately) is drug
In Serbian and Croatian can be Ajkula ili Morski Pas too as in Slovenian . Draga is young and she not lived in EX Yugoslavia . In Serbia we rarelly used Morski Pas so she not heard it seems :) )):) )) There is even very popular old song "da mi je biti morski pas, samo jedan dan!" :)
she isn't that much into south slavic languages. Morski pas/pes is only used in Croatia and Slovenia
Slovene took that word from Croatian/Serbo-Croatian.
@@francek3892 Not true.
In Romania we say (i know we arent a slavic country but still with a little bit of slavic influences on our language)
1: meat - carne
2: map - harta
3: name - nume
4: strawberry - căpșune
5: ice - gheață
6: knife - cuțit
7: air - aer but we say in romanian "duh" which is similar to serbian "vazduh" but in romanian it means soul (the soul which left the body for example) so we use it only in terms of religious context
8: snow - zăpada
9: shark - rechin (similar to polish)
Zapada is funny because it sounds slavic To fall. Just like snow falls. Rechin sounds like it's from French requin.
Knowing 2 of 3 Slavic langages, especially if every of them from one of 3. Slavic groups (Western, Easterm, Southern) help very much to understand them All! :)
I'm happy that you are back!
Im happy u here 🙂
The weirdest thing for me as Czech about east slavic languages is how they always skip AM and IS, like instead of "I am hungry" they say "I hungry" which sounds ridiculous, it's like they are 3 years old and they don't know grammar yet. 😀
true xD btw in Croatian would be ja sam gladan(I am hungry) or gladan sam(hungry I am)
@@francek3892 as a compensatory thing - in East Slavic languages one cannot skip personal pronouns in such cases (well, mostly). Having the direct object is easier than considering the verb endings, at least, for language learners.
These "am" things are called "clitics"
In Polish we can skip personal prenouns because verb form indicate the person: "zrobilem" - I did, "zrobiles" - you did, "zrobil" - he did, "zrobila" - she did, "zrobilo" - it did. Same for plural...
Indeed. As a Polish/West Slavic speaker it DOES sound weird.
You also fogot to mention how they (East Slavs) also avoid using the verb "to have" mieć/mít from Proto Slavic *jьměti, which is how they denote possession also sounds strange.
For the rule :
Our u and ó used to mean very different sounds , so ó is a softer , shorter sound but at the moment rhe difference is not very noticeable more traditional in writing.
There is no distinction in sound in modern standard Polish between u and ó, just like there is none between ż and rz.
13:09 The Russian language borrowed a lot of words from Polish. A long time ago, the Russian language was very poor in vocabulary and a large part of this language is based on Polish. There is a book that has almost 300 pages in which there are borrowings from Polish in Russian. It seems to me that most Slavic languages borrow a lot from Polish (by the way, the most similar to the interslavic language, maybe Ukrainian is more similar) due to the fact that Poland was the largest Slavic country that was close to Western culture. At the time when Poland was a great power (~1400-1700) even in France at the courts Polish was taught because it was fashionable
That does not make any sense. All Slavic languages were mostly developed a thousand years ago from a common ancestor.
@AkiRa22084 that does not mean that they did not change/influence/get influenced in different ways. If all were static and already in the past 'fixed' then you had no different Slavic, Germanic or Romance languages in the first place (actually even not that but just Indo-European ones - and one could even go further back playing the same game). Also German and other language influenced Polish and other Slavic languages just like you also have Polish words in German (for instance the Polish 'Ogórek' which led to the German 'Gurke' and had also an impact on all other Slavic languages with variations of that).
@@AkiRa22084 yes, there used to be one universal Proto-Slavic language used among most Slavic tribes, there are also many borrowings from Italian, in Persian there are also many words similar to Slavic and there are really many such examples. However, the Slavic languages began to separate when the first Slavic states were created, such as Poland (Polish Kingdom), Kievan Rus (now Ukraine/Russia), Kingdom of Great Moravia (Czech Republic). As I wrote earlier, the closest to Proto-Slavic is Polish and Ukrainian, if you mixed these two languages, the language that is most similar to Proto-Slavic would be created.
It’s a very silly fairy tale. We have many poets, writers in Russia, of course they used protoslavic words and modern words. But you believe that Poland is the world centre of the civilisation. Just common protoslavic words similar to Sanskrit even 😂😢😮 The fact
@СергейЖаров-ц4ю you in Russia think that Slavs come from Russia 🤣🤣
I was saying the same words as you said them, that American girl forgot the names of Serbia and Slovenia :)
Happy New Year Alex! 😘❤
Happy new year!!
@alexliusik6896 Čestita Nova godina, pozdrav iz Hrvatske!
/ Happy New Year, greetings from Croatia!
Czech:
1. Meat - maso
2. Map - mapa (karta is in czech card)
3. Name - jméno
4. Strawberry - jahoda (blueberry is borůvka)
5. Ice - led (lid from ukrainian is in czech something like mass of people)
6. Knife - nůž (leg is noha)
7. Air - vzduch (zrak is sight and also we have another word for air similar to polish - povětří)
8. Snow - sníh (polish snow sounds like snail in czech - šnek)
9. Shark - žralok
Ajkula ili morski pas, morski slon, morska krava, morski lav, morski leopard... Ima ih koliko hoćeš 😄😄
morski - krastavac, jež, trava,...
Do you Know Dmitry from"Troika idiomas?"i guess he is your lost brother..
3:30 tak koniecznie trzeba zacząć używać ziemiowida
Bid fact, the polish word "rekin" comes from French "requin"
Well maybe because also "rechin" is in romanian
Напрашиваешься, чтобы и тебя к девчонкам позвали, хитрец? 😂😅😊
Also react to the Romance language videos, there are many videos on this Word Friends channel (Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, French)
Карта - это слово заимствованное из германских языков (а у них то-ли из латыни, то-ли из греческого), а не славянское. *А английский - это германский язык.
Это забавно, кстати. Я общалась с француженкой по-английски, и вместо map она говорила card - так как по-французски будет carte, что созвучно. И русскоязычные по той же причине периодически пытаются вместо map сказать card =) Так что мы друг друга хорошо понимали))
@@user-gj8bd Ну французский - это уже романский язык. Значит из латинского языка.
in polish jagoda isnt blueberry, blueberry is borówka
It depends on the region. Blueberry is also "czarna jagoda", "borówka" can be red one.
8:19 and "a" in Slovak 🤷♂
the nice american lady does not add anything really because she knows nothing of these languages
But they are not pregnant in 16...
Why would they be? They are not from Texas.
@@AkiRa22084 Alex makes reaction videos to the series (16 and Pregnant) in Russian. And he's a very famous TH-camr. So Texas needs Alex, I see:)☺
Привіт зі Львова
Wow an Ukrainian from Lviv putting a comment to a video from Russian. There is hope for peace in 2025 after all! Glory and peace to Ukraine🇹🇷❤️🇺🇦☮️
Pozdrawiam Lwów! 🖐💪
8:04 лід это суржик. По настоящему (литературному) украинскому это "крига"
You're right. Polish has many nouns borrowed from other languages - German, French, English, Russian, Hungarian, and evenTurkish. The old loanwords have been adapted to Polish pronunciation when newest ones are very ofren written in original form.
Please comment other vids of that channel 🫶🏻 they also invited a Russian girl you could give us ur perspective of what she says
2:52 There's no language called "Indian" 💀
Technically, neither Chinese, but Mandarin and Cantonese. But Alex probably means Hindi here, because Bollywood films were very popular in Russia, which is where Russians learned most about Indian culture back in time. I can't say about all the films, but the most popular ones, which were often shown on TV, were in Hindi - that's why you often hear "Indian language" in Russian, meaning Hindi.
So even now we know that there are other languages there we may say so just out of habit, no disrespect.
да ми ядеш онъз работа
Similarity of Serbian and other Slavic languages with: Montenegrin 98%, Bosnian 97%, Croatian 95%, Macedonian 80%, Bulgarian 70%, Slovenian 60%, Slovak and Ukrainian 50%, Czech and Russian 40%, Belarusian and Polish 30 %, Lusatian-Serbian (Лужицкий сербский) 20%
Serbian language (and therefore croatian, bosnian, etc.) derives from slovenian language (that's why they're so similar).
Wrong. I am Serb. Serbian & Slovene are even not "so similar" like people mistakenly think.
@tienshinhan2524 I would politely disagree here. Beside the cyrillic and a couple of words that are being taken from Ottomans or Russians, Serbian language is "quite easy to understand" for Slovenians. Vice versa not so much (so I've heard).
@@ortros1 No. You talk that because you understand & probably also speak Serbian, just like older generation of Slovenes that lived in SFRY. Serbian & Slovene are partially similar & Serbian does not derive from Slovene & vice versa. Cyrillic does not play any role here. We don't have couple of Turkish words but many of them.
@tienshinhan2524 who was Vuk Karadzic? Otherwise you might be right (I did notice that some younger Slovenian population have problems understanding "Serbo-Croatian" language). And about Ottomans: yeah. It's probably like with Slovenian language and words that are "borrowed" from Germanic language.
@@ortros1 You probably know who Vuk was. I am not for him & not even against him. Younger Slovenes understand, but not even close like older Slovenes, because Yugoslavia don't exist anymore. (although "Serbo-Croatian" has big influence in Slovenia). Well we have both, more Turkish, of course while you have more German ones.