Richard II - England's Most Tragic King Documentary
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 8 มิ.ย. 2024
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The script for this video has been checked with Plagiarism software and scored 2% on Scribbr. In academia, a score of below 15% is considered good or acceptable.
Narrated by Gareth Johnson
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#Biography #History #Documentary
Hello guys! If you like our work please subscribe to our second channel The History Chronicles th-cam.com/users/TheHistoryChronicles
Serious error in first 8 mins: you said John of Gaunt was oldest surviving son of Edward III; no, it was Lionel of Antwerp after Edward the Black Prince and then John of Gaunt.
I think the usurper Henry IV was the greater problem than Richard II and not a cure - a problem that became much worse with the usurping Tudors and continues to this day.
@@maureenelsden1927True. But Lionel predeceased the Black Prince so John of Gaunt was the oldest surviving by the time Richard ascended to the throne.
Lionel was the next in line with issue, so that Lionel's descendant Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March was heir presumptive at the usurpation by Henry Bolingbroke and death of Richard II in 1400. Edmund died without issue and the claim passed to his sister Anne's son Richard of York.@@andreawilde922
The Wars of the Roses were really instigated by Henry Bolingbroke. Whatever Richard's faults, Bolingbroke deposed him for purely self-serving reasons. By seizing the crown by force he set a precedent. He also killed off far more of Edward III's line than Richard had ever done.
I guess you shouldn’t steal land then should you
@@mikealvord55 All medieval kings stole land.
At last a good clear English explanation by a professional orator...
P look o[o
Thomas of Woodstock was big into music & threw big festivals with all kinds of English, Scottish, Irish, and Welsh music, dancing, & troubadours. The Woodstock festival was named after him! The more you know!
👏👏👏👏👏👏👏😆😆😆😆😆😆
Woodstock Music and Art Fair, Woodstock, NY, 1969 was named after Thomas of Woodstock?
Another fun, little known fact is that John of Gaunt was a brother in law to Chaucer. Gaunt's 3rd wife, Catherine, was the sister of Chaucer's wife, Phillippa.
🎶 Thanks so much for the musical FYI, l will certainly be passing this tidbit on to friends and family! 🎶
Damn then Woodstock 99’ went and ruined the name.
This series feels like a very good uni lecture. Detailed, accurate, well spoken and measured. Bravo!
I just finished watching The Hollow Crown, based on Shakespeare's relatively inaccurate depiction of historic figures ( political and literary license no doubt), so I felt I needed to know the actual history of the 'tragic' king which was so well presented by this episode.
This is like a university lecture with a movie like editing of artwork and footage. Really polished. I feel like starting at the start of English history and working my way back to this point and beyond.
@@filipinorutherford7818 I too, am enthused by this series and look forward to starting at the beginning. Enjoy the programmes!
Most of the Royal Shakespeare plays were inaccurate, he was paid to create alternative histories and propoganda - particularly by the Tudors!
Not tragic, selfish and spoiled!
There was a serious error in the first 8 minutes: it said that after Edward the Black Prince, John of Gaunt was the eldest surviving son of Edward III; no, the eldest surviving son, who had the lawful hereditary claim to the throne after Edward the Black Prince, was Lionel of Antwerp.
Another well done documentary from this channel. The imagery and editing is super. And I love this narrator's voice, it's so clear and easy to follow.
I love how all the contemporary historians all agreed, "Low key...Richard was pretty hot."
Among so many documentaries of English history, these are among the best!
Another king I only know minimal things about, my brain is going to enjoy taking this one in,
Love the content guys as always ⭐️
Beautifully narrated, clear and measured, easy to absorb and follow.
Good icon..Larks Tongue In Aspic🍻✌
Richard’s undoing was that he alienated a lot of powerful people in England. He had poor social and political skills.
Another history lesson.
Thank you for posting this!!!! I have been studying Richard the II ever since I saw Ben Winshaw in "The Hollow Crown"!!! Even though his reign was short and tyrannical, it was sad that he was overtaken and then imprisoned. He is one of England's lesser known kings because his reign only lasted 20-years, but it's really cool his story lives on and he still was a KING OF ENGLAND!!! I enjoy your channel very much and I look forward to exploring it more!!! :)
Can remember at school RADA (Royal Academy of Dramatic Art) came to the school to act Richard II. I was smitten. I spent my lunch hour tracking the whereabouts of the actor Alan Baddell to get his autograph - mission accomplished. I have to this day. Magic moment.
I Love history and Shakespeare as a result of these early experiences
He is not a lesser known. It is not sad that he was deposed. Get a grip and cease with the ridiculous attitude toward history.
Henry Bolingbroke never did anything so well as to deprive Richard of Bordeaux of the English throne.
@@bbmtge why he was sad?
I saw Ben Wishaw in that performance as Richard II and was utterly enthralled. What an actor! So glad to get a chance to see a documentary on the actual history.
Another fabulous informative documentary, beautifully produced, thank you very much! Richard made a hash of his reign but left a cultural legacy: despite the disapproval of the church, he pioneered the wearing of those pointed shoes you see in all the paintings... his were so long that the ends had to be supported by ribbons going to knee garters, and he had difficulty ascending stairs, doing so backwards assisted by two courtiers. I'd love to see that in a period piece bodice-ripper, hah! He's also credited with having invented the handkerchief. And he came up with "Your Majesty" as an address for himself by inferiors-- that is, everybody but him. And PLEASE: John of Gaunt, Katherine Swynford. All roads lead to Rome and all European royal bloodlines, after awhile, lead to John of Gaunt.
As a former french student in History(bachelor) i'm fond of English History!
The overthrow of Richard II reign is the true beginnings of the Wars of the Roses. Discontent would smoulder amongst the nobles, hence Henry V decidedly invade France to press his claim, causing a distraction and focus point of his Nobels and giving strength to his reign. After his victory at Agincourt, gone could deny his legitimacy as king.
Well put. 👍🏻
Thank you for the history lesson that is already known.
@@bbmtge - to some … not all !
@@bbmtge ”ima big ol neck beard & I love intentionally running off people but only if theyre discussing MY favorite topic ever. They just wouldn't be able to be as passionate in their education of others as I am"
@@bbmtge some might be new to this - don’t be rude
A big hole in my knowledge about the late Medieval has now been filled. Thankyou very much! A great production indeed.
I believe that he was a beautiful human being, his Father and Grandfather were the Greatest of great men. Richard II, loved and remembered forever.
These videos are absolutely amazing, such details. I feel like I'm there!!
in my view, he was partly responsible for the wars of the roses. it was his absolutist ways which pave the way for Henry Bolingbroke to usurp the throne and ultimately ended up igniting a conflict that became the Wars of the Roses.
The rightful King was not necessarily the right King genetics is completely random sometimes! Sad that Henry Bolingbroke was born to be a King! Sad that Edward III had stronger middle sons, sad that Henry V ever married at all! They should have all jousted for the crown, one on one! 🤔
Im leaving a bar right now so i can watch this in silence
This is a great documentary. I would like to see you guys make documentaries about the French monarchs.
Yes yes!
A real historical documentary, amazing.
Perfect Narration.
I'm watching these as the United Kingdom and Commonwealth mourn and inter Queen Elizabeth II (RIP). These are the formative years of everything we are seeing, and the smoothness of the transition, not only of the monarch, but also of the English prime ministership, seem such a blessing. I hope we in American can keep ours going.
Very well told with no fancy BS etc. Just how I like my docs. Ed III is our x20 Grandfather, Clarence/de Burgh and Gaunt/Swinford are our x19 to both Cecily and Richard III Duke of York etc etc. so we are entwined in all of this which just makes it extra interesting. Great job, and thanks for your efforts.
Love these documentaries and the narrator is beautifully spoken and delivers with style befitting the lofty subject matter
This was amazingly in depth and so well done. Thank you!
Why do you call him "England's Most Tragic King"? He brought his problems upon himself, and not through any kind of inner confusion or conflict.
Couldn’t agree more
I don't think Richard ever grew up - spite and vindictiveness bear all the hallmarks of a spoilt child. He had bad advisers from the word go. He needed to have been reminded of Magna Carta and why it was drafted and written. Due to broken promises and that his usurpation set a precedent, the only reason why his successor held the throne was because he was skilled on the battlefield. Great documentary; very informative. I'm reading Georgette Heyer's novel 'My Lord John' about this fascinating period. A great read!
Don't forget, those "advisors " had their own agendas and pockets to fill
Starved to death god damn.
What an interesting documentary! Dramatic, full of shades, rich with information about one of English most tragic figures. Thanks.
Having lost his father as a kid and been surrounded by YES men throughout his childhood (10-16), it’s no wonder the poor lad ended up a tyrant! Pretty sad coz he did display the courage of his father and grandfather in most matters and was clever enough to parley too! Yet the constant threat of cousins and uncles wanting your throne, must have drove him into these tyrant actions and displays, but his pious thinking is really what stuffed him, as he started to think of himself as untouchable when removing land and titles at a whim, also addressing him as YOUR HIGH MAJESTY and self-proclaimed paintings depicting him as a saint?
To stop war with France, he agreed to wed the child Isabella. The paintings of him as a child are from when she arrived, and likely for her so she wouldn’t be so damn creeped out, and the men above him were all chaste, including Edward the Confessor, agreed not to have sex with his wife. There are a ton of other reasons, but they’re going in my dissertation so I’ll leave it at that for now. 🤓
What a tragical figure! Shakespeare's work on him shows a perfect development of his fatr, which is very well recreated here.
Fascinating. Thank you.
My discovery today of your superb series is like an awakening after a near-
80-year sentience on the planet. Thank you for a brilliant intro. Gonna time-travel summa yr program some bit more than more now
Another banger! Stoked to watch while I make dinner tonight :)
Mash with the banger? :)
good girl stay in the kitchen😂😂😂
Good one!!!
@@Starburst858 thank you
@@Starburst858 cute pic too😄
Thank you!
Thank you!
Good work.
Excellent presentation of the reign and times of Ricrhard II
I like history your video it’s great lots of
names to remember but I love it 😻
thank you 🙏 :))
I LOVE HISTORY!!!!!!
Moral of the story: just be a nice human
Very well documented, and nuanced, which is not always the case when talking about Richard II ! Ultimately, he was a pioneer and visionary who just couldn't cope with the fact that some people had the capacity to say no to him. Maybe a cautionary tail for our contemporary, visionary millionaires leaders around ...
I would love a documentary on Moshe Dayan!
That evil bastard
Thank You!!!
Nice! Looking forward to this one. There aren’t enough focus on TH-cam on him. Last of his line. Last of the you know what. His triptych is fascinating
Wait, last of the what? Doooo tell please!
@@whiteharts @White Harts hey! It's been a while, so I kinda forget 😂 I think Richard II is said to be the final true, direct Plantagenet monarch. Forgive me if semantics are a bit errored :) After he was deposed & left to die, some believe all that came after were Usurpers. Like all the way to Queens Vic and Eliz, bloodline-wise, they're not so directly descended anymore. Hope that's what I meant a year ago, hehe 😝
@@whitehartslast of the true Plantagenets (not counting the cadet branches) :)
Very interesting this History
these dudes in england
really need to come up with names for boys
other than Richard, Edward and Charles.
Yeah...like Henry!
@@colinr1960
Charles Henry you mean?
A great lad he was.
and Henry
Maybe another Alfred? God knows the world needs another great king right now
And George!
Interesting video
Great documentary. I felt sorry for him as a child up to the point when he became autocratic
I feel sorry for the way he died. No one deserves that.
I truly enjoyed this documentary. Very informative. I was first introduced to English Royalty in junior high school when I discovered Shakespeare and brcsme hooked. Documentaries such as this one have led to a greater understanding of the history and these people as they actually were.
I cannot imagine the responsibility and politicking necessary to be a king, let alone a good, successful king. And to be saddled with that at the age of ten? 😮😮😮
I can see how easy it would be to become a tyrant. Surrounded by people with their own agendas and lust for power. Family members who want your power and crown and believe they have a stronger claim to your position. Who do you trust?
Fascinating.
The problem with making judgements about a boy who became King of England etc. is that the events of his life took place 700 years ago. There is so little direct evidence about his character it's a fool's errand to try to decide one way or the other. All we can do is look at his actions and make assumptions. The two things that point to his character as I, dilettante, see it are first his ascension to the throne came when he was a young child. If I put myself in those boots, I see everyone around me treating me as though I'm always right, always good and always get my way. Everyone around me wants something from me, and only I can say yes or no. I'm the most important person I've ever met and certainly more important to most of the gentry and peasantry whom I haven't met. I can insist that everyone call me "Royal Majesty", or "Your Grace, Most High and Mighty Prince.". I''m better than anyone else in the room wherever I go. All of that would go to a 10-year-old's head pretty quickly and the effect is the second observation: that of the Peasant's Revolt and Wat Tyler. He "bravely" went out to meet Tyler with no intent whatsoever other than to disband the crowd, which might give him real trouble. His plan was always to execute the leaders and many of their followers as traitors. Poof! He made a few promises and, to their detriment, the crowd dispersed thinking that their King would never lie to them. Those two things speak of a mean temper, an ornery child who never grew up and a century of family conflict that changed history. I can think of better ways of changing history than executing a lot of poor and innocent people who trusted and believed in their king. They were then stabbed in the back (or hung on the roadsides while the scavengers had dinner). Those two facts are how I think of Richard II. It's fitting that he died of hunger. So many who tried to scrape a living from the soil owned by others died of starvation and the disease that comes with malnutrition.
Richard II bears an uncanny resemblance to Elon Musk.
No way…. I’ll check that out after…
Now I can't unsee it. lol
Yeah they both have that inbred look?
He even rode a fully electric horse. Ok, well the horse did have some natural gas emissions, but still, electric horse and I stand by my assertion.
That was from restoration. See his effigy and Wilton diptych for unaltered likeness created during his life. 🤓
24:32 "Charles offered little effective support to Richard on the battlefield in the 1380s and into the 1390s."
We should still appreciate his effort though, because as shown on 24:28 he was already in his grave by then.
Parliament PR team: so guys we love what you did with your last marketing campaign, “merciless” was great- so bold, sends such a powerful message. But we feel the “Parliament of Tyranny” rebrand might be a little too bold…
Most English historians will admit to Richard being a narcissist, possible schizophrenic, terrible inept ruler but rarely do I see the word homosexual, bisexual..?
Thank you. I do wish the castles that are randomly shown would be identified as that is a part of their story and since it’s shown I already it would add a lot of learning value to watching the whole documentary. I have So much to learn!!!
Thanks
Watching 😍
I think it's a little bit of both with Richard's reign. with all the difficulties that were going on in his childhood coupled with how young he was when crowned and then added to that the way it sounds he was raised, it's no real wonder things went so badly wrong. Granted that he was of royal blood in my opinion he should have been held to a higher standard and he should NOT have been pampered and spoiled rotten like it sounds like he was. The way to raise a child is to install them with responsibility and teach them that when they do make mistakes they need to admit to them and work to fix them. When you pamper and spoil a child rotten and you don't teach the proper boundaries and moral lessons you end up with someone who more or less has a God complex and when you then hand that person a crown on top of that it's a recipe for disaster. At the same time his so-called "advisors" needed to be held accountable for the fact that they didn't seem to have any real idea what they were doing either. Sounds to me like they were basically throwing around ideas and just trying stuff out in an attempt to figure out what would work and that's often a recipe for disaster in/of itself. If Richard had been surrounded by better advisors and raised with a lot less pampering, I think he could have been a better king than he was in the end
More foolishness.
Great video thanks, do you think you could poss put a few more adverts in your next one, make it even more enjoyable😂
Hmm, so this was the King who partly inspired Joffrey Baratheon from Game of Thrones.
I believe so :)
im a decendent of Joan Plantagenet of Kent...he blood reached the shores of new zealand and is mixed with mighty maori blood...im also a direct decendent of Maui
Neat
I know he was a horrible person but starving someone to death is incredibly cruel
after what he did to the "the peasants you were and peasant you will remain but far more miserably", absolutely no sympathy.
@Mango 4ttwo well, it's hard to sympathize with serfs when they paraded heads on pikes (Sudbury and Hales, among others) and Wat Tyler being just a murderous thug, I agree that "Villains they are still, and villains they shall remain" forever in they eyes of educated men. No sympathy for savage animals, the masses, or angry mobs.
@@mango4ttwo635 Well, he did agree to all of their demands at Smithfield, if they agreed to disperse and go back home, but they went back into town and butchered thousands of Flemish immigrants all night. He may have felt responsible for their deaths, and he took great personal risk siding with them over the nobles that had abandoned him in London. He was also born in France of course, hence Richard of Bordeaux, and his mother believed that the quality of life was so much better in England that she did not wish to ever return. For siding with the rebels, his rule was forever challenged by the richest class and they murdered all of his closest friends and allies throughout his life, including a knight of the garter that served with his father and helped educate Richard, Sir Simon Burley. He nonetheless endeavored to be the embodiment of what the peasants claimed they wanted when they met him at Smithfield, an anointed King that was right to rule over the rich, which he attempted to illustrate through lawful and creative demonstration of Christian kingship. When the richest man in the land, his cousin Henry, that murdered Richard’s friends, marched across England to reclaim his holdings, Richard dispersed his own army, rather than making them fight for him, and he fled in disguise (only to be betrayed). I could go on about his abhorrence to the spilling of English blood, both domestically and abroad, religious tolerance and promotion of the arts, but you could also look to the awful civil wars, the rekindling of war with France, beheading and murder of clergy (particularly Franciscan), and the resumption of burning people at the stake after his murder to understand the terrible consequences of his demise.
@@Geoffzillawhen you oppress the majority of the population who are kept poor and largely uneducated you can't complain when they don't revolt nicely enough.
I brought a established title a couple of years ago. I still have trouble with people here in the States referring to me as m'lord or your lordship...
I still see Richard the 2nd as a spiteful brat how became drunk on his own majesty.
👍
Tbf, Richard II get blamed for things he couldn't have known or didn't do.
@@htoodoh5770 That depends on what you mean by things he couldn't have known because of the fact that there is evidence that Richard the 2nd brutally put down the peasants after their revolt in 1381 CE resulting in the execution's of several thousands of peasants how laid down there arms. And his abuse of the Treason Laws to crack down on any noble how so much as disagreed with him. And his use of his own private army known as the White Hart to enforce his rule more similar to a mode boss than a king.
You should do Oskar Schindler.
We are 😁
@@PeopleProfiles awesome! 👍🏻👍🏻
Love your videos could you do a video on Ibn Saud first ruler of Saudi Arabia. It’s just that I love watching your videos but I feel that you should touch on other figures in history. Ibn Saud is my inspiration and am from Saudi Arabia so I feel you should do his biography. Please consider would really appreciate it.
19.55 A promise revoked and he mopped up. Translation- the king lied to the people and had them massacred as soon as they laid down their arms. The common fate of all peasant rebellions sadly.
28:20 what is the ruin shown here? Anyone know?
Wonderful documentary.
Just a slight error to point out. At 1:00:25 , instead of Richard III, it should be Richard II
When I see the video, the error occurs at 58:57.
I don't really think you did justice to how much of a nut job Richard II really was.
Greatly appreciated for a well done informative documentary video of King Richard II. I've been trying to gather as much information as possible to get a better understanding of this historical figure.
Several years ago, I did my recent DNA and my advance mtDNA. The result were astounished. King Richard II is one of my ancestors . I have blonde hair , greenish-blue eyes fair complexion. I'm Swedish, Finn, British Isle , Irish, Russian, German.
Interesting
No mention of the
Order of the White Stag?
I've read a historical novel about this guy and the book talks about his being starved but also that he was finally killed by assassination. I was wondering if there is any substance to this as his death was depicted as heroic.
The theory is he was allowed to starve to death. No mark found on his bones. Because, Bolingbroke still felt superstitious and unsettling about killing a king outright, especially a king he initially promised to allow to live, and then was expected to renege on.
Be advised my passport's green.
No glass of ours was ever raised
to toast the King or Queen
- Every Irishperson
I think Richard the 2nd was a great King who, like President Nixon, was created out of proper recognition. I would have been a loyal supporter of Richard.
For God's sake let us sit upon the ground
And tell sad stories of the death of kings...
For within this hollow crown, which rounds the mortal temples of a king, keeps death his court
Each substance of grief, hath twenty shadows
Which shows like grief itself, but is not so
For sorrows' eye, glazed with blinding tears
Divides one thing entire to many objects
Like perspectives, which gazed upon show nothing but confusion
Eyed awry, distinguished form, find shapes of grief more than himself to wail
Which for things true weeps though things imaginary
For sorrows' eye, glazed with blinding tears
Divides one thing entire to many objects
Doesn't it make more sense that Richard was "thirsted" to death rather than starved to death? If Henry IV decided Richard had to go in January 1400, wouldn't it have taken a lot longer than mid-February to starve him to death? We've all been taught that the human body can go much longer without food than without water, and why would people who wanted Richard dead give him water while starving him of food? So I think that he was deprived of water and food and actually died from the lack of water, not the lack of food.
no, jan. humans can only last 3-4 DAYS without water, but around 1-2 months (depending on age, health, nutrition, etc) without food
@@chelseagruenwald So you're saying that Richard could have starved to death in a month? I still find that hard to believe, but even so, why would they give him water when they were trying to kill him?
@@jn8ive60 because it's crueler to have him suffer from hunger longer
I do not see Richard as a tyrannical figure, if you look back at England's history, kings that ended up on the throne as children all had the same issue, the nobles did not what to or could not do to circumstance relinquish control of the country and it led to massive problems. Henry lll /Simon de Monfort, Henry Vl /Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and Edward IV, Edward V/ The Woodville Family and Richard lll, Edward VI /Edward and Thomas Seymour, Duke of Somerset and 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley respectively and Richard Il with his issues with his uncles.
LOL, at minute 36:46 second the fortress is not in Spain but the Italy. Abruzzi region.
🙏😎
If Henry the 4th didn’t take the throne from Richard I wonder who would have been the rightful heir.
I like Richard 2 nd
Enjoyed the documentary but way too many adverts placed throughout
aw the “parliament of Shrewsbury” anti climax ☹️
So what happened to his child queen?
She went back to France, married Charles, Duke of Orleans, and died after having a daughter at 19
Even in the paintings of richard, he had dead eyes...signs of narcissists
Richard was hardly tragic he was a spoiled brat whom did not know how to be a king he knew how to be rich and authoritative
@@perniciouspete4986 no one is absolutely evil. That doesn't mean we should ignore the horrible things someone does in favor of remember the few good things they believed or did.
He did show some competence especially how he eliminate enemies who killed his friends and supporters.
@@jobivuvuvfvi605 what horrible things have Richard done? Remember he saw his own friends killed by the lord appellant.
@@htoodoh5770 so, seeing his friends die excuses him killing or allowing the killings of hundreds of not thousands of innocents? I wonder what humanitarian feats did he accomplish? Would you be willing to name a few?
the fact that his father and grandfather both died while he was young and the fact that he didnt have a father figure is what makes him tragic in my opinion
So why is Simon Sudbury not a saint like Thomas Becket ? Both were archbishops of Canterbury and both were murdered.
6:04 1376*
Were Harry and Megan deposed?
King Richard II...the proto-Larry Fine.
don't know much about this king but he better live up to the lionheart
@@perniciouspete4986 he swore to go on crusade an during that time that was a truly selfless thing and he put good administrators in place it is not his fault that he was not in england a long time he was held captive and died on his way home
You do know that Richard II was not Richard The Lionheart?
@@aarondemiri486 he didn’t die on his way home. he was captured on his way back from the crusade but was ransomed and returned to england for many years. he died of a gangrene crossbow wound from a battle at a french fortress waaaay later
he had time to disinherit his brother john for his nephew arthur and then change his mind and reinherit him
@@chelseagruenwald not saying he died on the return journey home after his captivity but that he died on the way home to England besieging a French castle by a cook with a pan and a crossbow.
He didn’t, lol
I dont think he was so bad...his uncle new from the start he wants his son to be king... And Anna of Bohemia was not so unimportant... she was second cousin to the King of France! His mother Bona off Luxemburg was her father's sister!
My favorite king 👑
Really good documentaries. All boxes ticked. But regards to R II, he was a poor king. Arrogant, selfish, heartless. Not there for his people. One of Englands worst Kings. Only king John, James II, George IV were as ineffective.
GuAnt Theory @👣❓ StaMps🕊️❤️