Just realizing it, it each of the videos are a sequel or prequel to each other. It could be math universe to geometry since the infinite circle created by euler shrunk into nothing but a dot before disappearing, we then see the dot expand into a line ending in a line segment with our main protagonist coming out of the line into the geometry universe which was hinted at in the math universe since phi came into frame with euler and we had aleph and a couple other symbols, but phi was seen in the geometry universe and the interaction in the two could be that the math universe is 1 dimensional while the geometry universe which phi is seen in is the 2 dimensional universe, the object seen, if you didn’t notice was a 24 cell shape known as a icositetrachoron or a hyperdiamond and it was a fourth dimensional entity in a three dimensional form that is easy to visualize in a 2 dimensional picture/video format despite the confusion movement of all the lines and vertices of the three dimensional form of the entity. Skipping to the end, the dodecahedron of Platonic solids which the name Platonic solids instead of Timaeus solids is due to his character being in a dialogue of Plato and his dubious existence, he is seemingly fictional, so it is Plato that the five are named after and the five represent the five elements of fire, earth, wind, water, æther(aether), and æther is the universe in simplified meaning though it is much more complex when you look into it. The antagonist of the animation vs geometry video got trapped in a shape representing the universe, which the inside allowed our main protagonist to see inside and see a bunch of mirror images that are them of different universes but the cowboy hat wearing one that was seen surprised them and they fell which the dodecahedron shrunk and flashed into a dot/circle and that flash could be what we see when our protagonist is seen falling in this video of Animation vs Physicsc though the physics universe could be an alternate entry from the math universe given the looping of that universe and the light at the end of the math universe, alternate/parallel universes of our protagonist could have ended up in both universes and in a complex way, the physics and geometry universe could be occurring at the same time. In their own loops but the end protagonist moves on while the loop continues with a new version of our protagonist for both the physics and geometry universes. Hopefully this is a bit understandable…
As a physicist, there are a few violations of the laws like conservation of momentum and electromagnetism in the video. Yet an overall outstanding illustration of so many concepts. Congrats to the team that created it, and your reaction. 👏
I get the electromagnetism part. But can you explain the conservation of momentum. Because even though at first, I thought that conservation of momentum of was being violated but then got to thinking that he is creating an angular momentum first, and then converting it to linear momentum. the energy is being provided by his own body so I dont think conservation of energy is being violated?
@@aritrajitraha5944 for one, the icy surface is shown to have a mu of 0.1, so we know there are external losses, but the demo of potential to kinetic back to potential energy shows a zero loss system. Also, he converts angular to linear momentum the first couple times with losses due to friction and then suddenly he's sliding on one leg with zero losses as he approaches the large ball. All that being said, a little creative license to demonstrate different concepts! something something spherical cows haha
Absolutely, and while we're at it, can we please address the scientific inaccuracies of a 2 dimensional orange stick figure that seemingly displays a capacity for consciousness
More fundamental, at 3:20, the ball falls straight down on the top of his head. By Conservation of Momentum, the ball should just bounce straight back up to where it started. The parabola is a combination of gravity and linear momentum.
If you're referring to the sun, he only really does that for his own sake. It doesnt actually do anything. The rocket being angled gives him just enough to prevent him from falling into the sun. That was unclear to me as well.
Well, the star's heliosphere is made up of particles emitted from the star's surface, so the stickman could be using the fact that time is slowing down for him to be able to push the particles around with the hat for enough time to stabilize the orbit, while the thrust of the rocket is helping too.
As an Electrical Engineering student, the part of the Electromagnets would only be possible to happen if the Electromagnets were turned off after the rocket passed, otherwise the rocket would slow down and it would have almost the same speed as it was before passing through them. When he creates a solenoid around the rocket, a north and a south pole are created at the ends of the rocket, thus, when he passed to the other side of the Electromagnet, he would have the rear of the rocket with a pole S, attracted by the pole N of the Electromagnet, slowing it down. Another way this could happen would be the other Electromagnets being positioned at a close distance, so that, when passing by an electromagnet, he could not slow down the rocket in time and he would soon pass by the next one, resulting in a greater acceleration in the electromagnet he entered. Other than that great video and excellent reaction.
@@returneefromthemoon Once the magnets get within range of the two fields interacting, they will attract/repel, so, yes, they would stack. What Fabio is getting at is how railguns work by using electromagnets that turn on/off rapidly to accelerate a piece of metal (as long as it is ferrimagnetic). The animation tries to show this with the rocket, but without magnets having the ability to toggle, the same force that pulls you in from the right would equally pull you from the left, leaving with a new acceleration of zero.
@@returneefromthemoon Perfectly! For the magnet slingshot to work without them sticking together it's necessary that the magnets are at the limit distance, so that, their poles do not interact with others and no one magnet attracts the other, and in the same way, the deceleration caused in the rocket in the passage will be low.
@@NelielSugiura in my eyes, he isnt showing how railguns work, but the other version of them, the Gauß Rifle, which is like in the video, a 1:1 version, but as sayed correctly, they would have to be shut down, as soon as the projectile passes through, which you dont have to do with a railgun
Riding the rocket with a cowboy hat is a reference to the 1964 Stanley Kubrick film, "Dr. Strangelove or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb."
I never understood the giggle as pulling a prank, rather both reflecting on their shared past self's clumsiness in the first attempt to catch the apple.
so, the reason they entered the black hole was because they were angry at being hit in the face by the apple and wanted revenge. but in order to avoid breaking causality they had to hit themselves in the face with the apple. they were laughing at the irony that they were angry at themselves all along.
The orange stick man with the cow boy hat on this video at 22:49, is the same orange man who's falling from above at the very end. At the end, as his hat is taken away, now our hero orange man is the one who'll use the wormhole to tell the newly falling orange stick man about everything. It's a loop!
Firs orange how developed this loop? Or why taking new oranges hat? i think it might be because first orange just boring and take his own hat and new oranges hat so he left with two hat.
29:52 This part is M-Theory. These are the 6 versions of superstring theory (type I, type IIA, type IIB, heterotic SO(32) and heterotic E8×E8), that Ed Witten with his M-Theory unified as different representations of a single underlying theory.
The dropping the apple and bouncing it back was what prompted him to enter the black hole, so not just a joke, but another part of the loop just like the other things that were put in his path for the journey. I like to think that his past/future self changing the setting (universe type) was essentially ending the loop and moving on to a new universe/reality. But, I'm certainly no physicist nor mathematician. :)
I also wonder if the apple represents hawking radiation. I guess the apple would have to represent a radiated particle though instead of an entire apple
I really hope Alan's team has great science video potential for us! Chemistry, Biology, Geography and many other wonderful sciences in the video interpretations of Stickman's adventures would be an excellent continuation of this exciting and unique video series!
The bit at the end is him closing the time loop so that there is not a paradox (the one left behind is then the one for the hat-variant to interact with, like he did when falling through the first time). The guy leaving via the wormhole is continuing on outside the loop, that way there is not a paradox in the form of entering a loop and never exiting, thus ensuring the paradox of "How did the loop even start?" does not exist. As to the types of wormholes, I am not overly familiar with... but that plot was just showing physics from the ground up, literally, and time paradoxes and, imo, how to get out of them and not have plot holes.
I think when he changed the setting on the wormhole at the end, it was a reference to M theory. He may have left and entered a parallel dimension / universe.
A lot of people think that all it takes to perform a gravitational slingshot is a gravity well and really good aim with your rocket ship. Not true. You can't just plunge part way into any gravity well and come out going faster than when you plunged in. What is the secret to using a gravity well to increase your speed? The gravity well itself has to be in motion. If a planet (or whatever is producing the gravity well) is moving in (roughly) the same direction as the approaching ship, then the planet will diminish its momentum and impart it to the rocket ship, increasing its speed. But if the planet is moving toward the approaching rocket ship, then the opposite will happen. The planet will rob the rocket ship of some of its momentum, increasing its own momentum as a result. So gravitational slingshot maneuvers can be used to both accelerate and slow down a rocket ship, depending on whether the rocket ship approaches the planet in the same direction as the planet's orbit (to speed up), or against the planet's orbital direction (to slow down). That's it. That's my contribution to the universe for the day. I'm going back to bed. (Also, thanks for the great reaction video.)
But what would happen if you tried to do a gravitational slingshot using a planet (or whatever works as a gravitational slingshot), and it's moving diagonal of the direction your moving? (meaning left, or right of the direction your moving) what would happen? Would you get pulled in the diagonal direction that the object is moving? Or something else? 🤔🤔🤔🧐🧐🧐
@@DavidMuri-lm5vy It is mostly the angle of your exit from the gravity well that determines whether you gain or lose speed. The extent to which you exit in the same direction as the planet's orbit will determine how much speed you gain. And the extent to which you exit in the opposite direction of the planet's orbit will determine how much speed you lose.
I can't speak to the actual science, but I think the plot is just the full realization of the "self fulfilling" type of time travel they set up with the rope and balls. Just before Orange Stick Man entered the black hole, the apple seemed to come out of the black hole, hit him on the head, and then fall back in. After a bit of travailing into the black hole, the apple reappeared. I think Orange Stick Man 2 dropping the apple into the wormhole just before teleporting away, was closing that part of the loop. After OSM2 teleported away, OSM1 was left standing precisely in the position OSM2 was standing when we first saw him. I think this implies that OSM1 has become OSM2.
The TSC hasn't become the second TSC, they are in fact the same, just different timelines / dimensions (hinted by the "world line", that was shown before the 2 interact). As he's now stepped outside of our spacetime, he's able to see every iteration of everything at any given time.
I love, how in the end the stickman switches the ERBridge 2 infinitymode, so all started again… it’s like to be reborn… not as something explicit, just 2 be (like souls).
There is this weird stigma around intelligent people (in terms of IQ anyway) liking regular shows and books, as if you are required to only talk about intellectual topics. It's very weird
@@shadowyzephyrMostly if you are good with maths, people already think your whole personality and life in general turn around that xd something i find sad is that only mathematicians are considered intelligent, because you can be good with other subjects but you aren't intelligent because you're not good with maths😢
@@sgjoyder2890 "only mathematicians are considered intelligent" I'd be interested in where you get that massive generalisation from. Especially as even you yourself don't seem to agree with it. I think a key thing is that it is a generally held belief (outside of the arts and religion) that _everything_ is described by mathematics and the other, derivative sciences. I mean how can you possibly deny it in a world so driven by technology? A technology that constantly pushes this world-view. Because without it, you simply wouldn't be typing words into a medium which is only there because of all the work done by mathematicians and the rest of science. And I'd not be replying to you via mechanisms I don't even understand. But this all leads to the idea that if you understand mathematics, you hold the 'key' to everything. As a mathematician, I certainly appreciate the very compelling validity of this, from a philosophical point of view. In the real world, it's possibly mostly garbage (also from a philosophical point of view). The universe and life and language and culture existed in some form long before we articulated it all in maths. And although, fundamentally, I believe that mathematics is the language of the universe (because it all matches up so very nicely), I don't really think that a small understanding of it defines intelligence. Of course, I might be completely wrong about all of that. But would only prove my point, as well. 🤔
The way I interpreted the end was that he had to ensure a closed loop. His future self showed his present self how to drop all the items into the universe and how to go forwards and backwards in time to ensure the correct items were in the correct places at the correct time so that his present self could do the same for his future self, who showed up right at the end therefore allowing the future self to pass through into the next dimention without creating a paradox where his past self wouldn't be able to follow the same path.
As someone who knows almost nothing about math, but has watched a LOT of movies, I am assuming that the riding a rocket with a cowboy hat is a reference to the movie Dr. Strangelove. Near the end one of the characters rides a nuclear bomb out of the bomb bay of an aircraft. While falling he waves his cowboy hat and yells out like he is riding a bull at a rodeo.
I loved the part with the rope wrapping around the tree branch, showing the conservation of Kinetic Energy and the conservation of angular momentum used to accelerate "stick cowboy" into escape velocity. My interpretation of the final "apple gag" is that he's talking about whether information is lost or preserved when traveling through a wormhole inside a black hole. It also nods at the types of wormholes through space and time: one-way, bi-directional, and non-traversable
Math is in every part of life. You do not think about it. But, we live in a mathematical world. Physics is the practical use of math. Then, we get into Quantum Physics. Which is the theoretical next step. To reach the Quantum level. We reached the level of being gods.
@@austinL. Math and physics are almost universally interchangeable. The only major difference between the two is that physics rely on units of measure, math doesn't.
@@Qardo Not quite. One would have to extend beyond the entire physical realm. Beyond time, space, and matter. We would have to venture into pure energy of thought or consciousness without bounds into all eternity. We'd be dealing with multiple fractals in conjunction with information theory, intelligent design, and more.
The ending is about how time is a loop and the theoretical physics of blackholes pretty much exactly like interstellar (but a little bit better in my opinion as it adds the layer of him becoming a future him we see)
that single part to visualize how constant energy remains the same, but moves gradually from potential to kinetic energy and back was nothing short of amazing. Chef's kiss.
Riding the rocket into the black hole is a reference to Dr. Strangelove where the character played by Slim Pickens, who ware a cowboy hat, rides the nuclear bomb as it's falling to earth.
The reference is dying out of the common knowledge because the film is so old now. These young ones have no idea about Dr. Strangelove unfortunately. Have only see one reaction video where someone has mentioned the reference.
TL;DR: there is no "off by one" error! Here they are: 1: "An object can't change between stationary and moving on its own: an outside force has to act on it." 2: The magnitude of the force in question is exactly the ratio between the change in momentum and the time over which it occurred. (More commonly, momentum=mv is pulled apart- but that works because of conservation of mass) 3. This force isn't the only one! There's an equally strong force in the opposite direction.
based on a quick google search it sounds like the different "settings" on the singularity were like switching between the types of string theory or something
25:43 I think of it like A game loading assets while you’re playing. The computer’s usually loading it so fast that whatever is on the screen looks to have already been there.
tipler cylinder: cylinder that when spun (or the object within spun) can be used to manipulate time. thought to only be possible when cylinder has infinite length or when negative energy is present.
I may be wrong but I believe the Tipler Cylinder is a sort of theorized method of time travel, I think it has something to do with entering it in a specific way so you can exit at a specific point in time or something, but my knowledge on the subject is minimal
Correct (almost *). Near to an infinitely long massive rotating cylinder it's theoretically possible to loop round it and return to a time before you started. -Fred Pohl- Larry Niven, the SF writer, used the idea in a short story along with the idea that a cylinder that is very long compared to its radius might show the same property. Rather nicely, in my opinion, his short story has the same title as the formal paper by Tipler. Look out for "Of infinite rotating cylinders and the possibility of global casualty violation". The Tipler is more rigorous, but the -Pohl- Niven is more readable and more fun if you enjoy SF (* almost) the thing about being careful where you enter and leave is a feature of a different theoretical construct, the Kerr black hole, which is a wormhole to another universe, not to our own past. The Kerr black hole is formed from a rotating sphere, which is then collapsed into a black hole (which remains it's angular momentum). The Tipler cylinder is not a black hole, and you don't enter it to time travel, you "just" orbit round it very close. (I am retired now, but used to teach this stuff for the UK's Open Uni)
Correction: the short story was by Larry Niven. The Wikipedia article "Tipler cylinder" is worth reading, both for the science and for the section on the use of this device in SF. I learnt only in the last few minutes that the time-controlling "procrastinators" in Terry Pratchett are a reference to the Tipler cylinder: I'm now munching myself for not spotting the joke, as I love that book and have known about the Tipler part since the seventies.
It is a full circle, 'cause the stick man fell in the singularity wearing a cowboy hat and the stick man waiting at the very bottom of the singularity was not wearing a hat. When he drops the apple he's showing the new (third, if you'd like) stick man with a cowboy hat starting to come towards the bottom and so he takes the cowboy hat from the second stick man and he's gone - leaving the second stick man without the hat waiting for the third stick man (with the hat) at the bottom - thus making it a full circle. Of course he was not going to show you where the first stick man goes, as doing so would have meant being forced to perpetually showing you each and everyone of them continuing to do something and the video would have never end. He had to chose a point where the full circle idea was able to sunk :P
The moment in the end where he took his hat and jumped in the wormhole, he was taking care of the causal happening of the loop, that the next hat guy meets orangr without hat, they both doing the same thing again and when theire done, he will again take the hat and jump in the wormhole while the next hat guy drops in to take care of the loop
16:53 technically yes, you would since a magnet moving through magnetic fields creates an electromagnet but I don’t think the animation really goes into depth on that aspect specifically. Also it’s arguable that his mass (unless accelerating at c) wouldn’t be enough to create a magnetic field large enough to influence (most) items around him.
Small quibble: The discussion supposedly about entanglement is really just discussing superposition -- the fact that the wave function describing a SINGLE particle gives the superposition of all of that particle's possibilities -- the probabilities of the two or more states into which the particle might collapse when measured. I'm pretty sure that's all that gets discussed in this video. Entanglement talks about the wave function of TWO entangled particles. It gives the probabilities of the COMBINED properties of the two particles ... but it turns out that if you then measure just ONE of the particles, thereby collapsing it into a particular state, then other particle is AUTOMATICALLY collapsed into a corresponding (usually opposite) state, without having to be measured. And this happens instantly ... no matter how far away the other particle is.
At 30:03, notice how the bubble that floats next to the main character begins to form the shape of an apple, indicating that the process is a cycle. Our main character will now address the version of himself that he was watching with his future self. (This is all speculation).
If anyone saw or not the heavier ball dropped by 600N which may be calculated that the mass of the ball is around 60kg 5:31 but at 5:35 it shows the mass to be 200kgs.....
3:42 the parabola is only the shape of projectile motion on a flat planet. We get away with this approximation because the real path is an ellipse and when you are far from both foci (focuses) an ellipse approximates to a parabola (more precisely: the part of the ellipse furthest from the focus at the centre of gravity of the planet) The only time a particle traces a parabolic path in Newtonian physics is when it travels at exactly escape velocity. Slightly slower: ellipse; slightly faster hyperbola
So my inference is that (And bit of a spoilers) The bit with the tossed apple is about the bit at 19.17 -Thus the future did that to cause rocket orange guy the motivation to traverse into the black hole. And since rocket guy is now on his way in -they get ready to meet him. That bit at the end, is showing the bit at 22.49 -but from the the grounds perspective. So you can jump back to 22.49 -to follow the protagonist (who in this return to 22.49 loop-the-loop - the one at the 'ground') So its not a closed time loop, its instead a timeline loop-the-loop.
Tipler cylinder is a theorised time travel machine. It is a cylinder of point or very small diameter and infinite length. Meaning it would have infinite mass like a blackhole. Spinning it would cause Space-time to warp and cause time to distort and allows us to go the required time.
Thanks to this video, my 6 and 4 year olds have a new interest. Im just a mom here trying to learn how to properly explain what's going on to prepare for home activities.
As the physics enthusiast and somewhat into the field, I think the hat taken before the pass through the wormhole is to avoid continuity paradox so the stick figure main character can also travel through next. Anyway awesome video and looking forward for reaction to new Geometry themed video.
It’s also funny that for them, when they put things out of the singularity, it looks like it’s barely moved any distance. But it probably moved to that spot extremely fast and their concept of time is off due to the dilation of space and time.
29:21 The Orangutan with the cowboy hat wasn’t laughing, he was touching his face on where the Apple had hit himself, like getting slapped, but being so slow that you wait at least 37 seconds to react.
25:40 Clarification needed. The quantum state of a particle is like a Schrödinger’s Cat where its only through measurement that we know it's true state? While looking for the pronunciation of Schrödinger, I also noticed that he was also a physicist who developed the quantum theory which is likely the reason I thought of this comparison.
I think the cowboy hat there is a movie reference from the film doctor strangelove & how to love the bomb; where one one crewmember of the B-52 bomber sacrificed himself by releasing the bomb that's jammed and he ended up riding the whole thing (him backwards), waving his hat and yelling all the way to the ground. *"Going off/out with a bang"* , as they say
if you study the schwarzschild metric from this perspective, and also incorporate a notion of scalar speed of light that can change from location to location, you can build the thing in a euclidian space, and if you use only a change in the scalar speed of light you can only define the space properly down to the event horizon, but if space flows into the black hole so to speak, you find you can define to scalar speed of light to be finite at the horizon and instead the outward speed of light equals the flow of space in the other direction, and so nothing can escape even if time is still flowing there.
5:14 He cheated here. When he threw the ball, orange man should have gone the opposite direction. And when the rope went taut, the motions should have canceled to zero. You can't propel yourself on a frictionless surface without actually throwing stuff *away.*
It's not full circle because the events happened only once. It's your perception following the present orange stickman that makes you think it's a loop. It is looking like it in a way, but there is just past, present and future. In this fictional tale, being at the singularity makes you experience that. In the end, the past orange stickman changes the wormhole setting and jump into the white hole to a new universe because it has always been that scenario, he experienced his past orange stickman meeting aswell. As for jumping into the white hole, present orange stickman will also do, as will do the future one "moments" later. This scene is always the same, like looking our reflexion into a mirror, but in space time. It's basically the explanation of Interstellar. This movie annihilated free will though.
An interesting timeline to try and graph is the on in Robert Heinlein's story All You Zombies -- later made into the 2014 movie Predestination, which added even more twists into the timeline.
Watch me react to "Animation vs. Geometry" here: th-cam.com/video/hIS_0zAiNiY/w-d-xo.html
Just realizing it, it each of the videos are a sequel or prequel to each other. It could be math universe to geometry since the infinite circle created by euler shrunk into nothing but a dot before disappearing, we then see the dot expand into a line ending in a line segment with our main protagonist coming out of the line into the geometry universe which was hinted at in the math universe since phi came into frame with euler and we had aleph and a couple other symbols, but phi was seen in the geometry universe and the interaction in the two could be that the math universe is 1 dimensional while the geometry universe which phi is seen in is the 2 dimensional universe, the object seen, if you didn’t notice was a 24 cell shape known as a icositetrachoron or a hyperdiamond and it was a fourth dimensional entity in a three dimensional form that is easy to visualize in a 2 dimensional picture/video format despite the confusion movement of all the lines and vertices of the three dimensional form of the entity. Skipping to the end, the dodecahedron of Platonic solids which the name Platonic solids instead of Timaeus solids is due to his character being in a dialogue of Plato and his dubious existence, he is seemingly fictional, so it is Plato that the five are named after and the five represent the five elements of fire, earth, wind, water, æther(aether), and æther is the universe in simplified meaning though it is much more complex when you look into it. The antagonist of the animation vs geometry video got trapped in a shape representing the universe, which the inside allowed our main protagonist to see inside and see a bunch of mirror images that are them of different universes but the cowboy hat wearing one that was seen surprised them and they fell which the dodecahedron shrunk and flashed into a dot/circle and that flash could be what we see when our protagonist is seen falling in this video of Animation vs Physicsc though the physics universe could be an alternate entry from the math universe given the looping of that universe and the light at the end of the math universe, alternate/parallel universes of our protagonist could have ended up in both universes and in a complex way, the physics and geometry universe could be occurring at the same time. In their own loops but the end protagonist moves on while the loop continues with a new version of our protagonist for both the physics and geometry universes. Hopefully this is a bit understandable…
@@VoidedEmptinesswhat.
@@VoidedEmptinesswhat?
@@raginggamer5735what?
As a physicist, there are a few violations of the laws like conservation of momentum and electromagnetism in the video. Yet an overall outstanding illustration of so many concepts. Congrats to the team that created it, and your reaction. 👏
I get the electromagnetism part. But can you explain the conservation of momentum. Because even though at first, I thought that conservation of momentum of was being violated but then got to thinking that he is creating an angular momentum first, and then converting it to linear momentum. the energy is being provided by his own body so I dont think conservation of energy is being violated?
@@aritrajitraha5944 for one, the icy surface is shown to have a mu of 0.1, so we know there are external losses, but the demo of potential to kinetic back to potential energy shows a zero loss system. Also, he converts angular to linear momentum the first couple times with losses due to friction and then suddenly he's sliding on one leg with zero losses as he approaches the large ball.
All that being said, a little creative license to demonstrate different concepts! something something spherical cows haha
Absolutely, and while we're at it, can we please address the scientific inaccuracies of a 2 dimensional orange stick figure that seemingly displays a capacity for consciousness
More fundamental, at 3:20, the ball falls straight down on the top of his head. By Conservation of Momentum, the ball should just bounce straight back up to where it started. The parabola is a combination of gravity and linear momentum.
@@charlesgantz5865 That's only true if it hits the exact top of the head. Otherwise, it should bounce off at an angle.
Using a cowboy hat to escape Gravity is 100% accurate
If you're referring to the sun, he only really does that for his own sake. It doesnt actually do anything. The rocket being angled gives him just enough to prevent him from falling into the sun.
That was unclear to me as well.
Well, the star's heliosphere is made up of particles emitted from the star's surface, so the stickman could be using the fact that time is slowing down for him to be able to push the particles around with the hat for enough time to stabilize the orbit, while the thrust of the rocket is helping too.
A sombrero works pretty well too, but it has to be made out of felt fabric, not straw.
@@maupach2022 Greetings, fellow Boomer!
If the cowboy hat is shaped like the normal distribution curve. Bell curve = balance
As an Electrical Engineering student, the part of the Electromagnets would only be possible to happen if the Electromagnets were turned off after the rocket passed, otherwise the rocket would slow down and it would have almost the same speed as it was before passing through them. When he creates a solenoid around the rocket, a north and a south pole are created at the ends of the rocket, thus, when he passed to the other side of the Electromagnet, he would have the rear of the rocket with a pole S, attracted by the pole N of the Electromagnet, slowing it down. Another way this could happen would be the other Electromagnets being positioned at a close distance, so that, when passing by an electromagnet, he could not slow down the rocket in time and he would soon pass by the next one, resulting in a greater acceleration in the electromagnet he entered. Other than that great video and excellent reaction.
If the rings are too close, wouldn't that end up with them all sticking?
@@returneefromthemoon Once the magnets get within range of the two fields interacting, they will attract/repel, so, yes, they would stack. What Fabio is getting at is how railguns work by using electromagnets that turn on/off rapidly to accelerate a piece of metal (as long as it is ferrimagnetic). The animation tries to show this with the rocket, but without magnets having the ability to toggle, the same force that pulls you in from the right would equally pull you from the left, leaving with a new acceleration of zero.
@@returneefromthemoon Perfectly! For the magnet slingshot to work without them sticking together it's necessary that the magnets are at the limit distance, so that, their poles do not interact with others and no one magnet attracts the other, and in the same way, the deceleration caused in the rocket in the passage will be low.
@@NelielSugiura in my eyes, he isnt showing how railguns work, but the other version of them, the Gauß Rifle, which is like in the video, a 1:1 version, but as sayed correctly, they would have to be shut down, as soon as the projectile passes through, which you dont have to do with a railgun
Hearing this from someone that's taking the EL Engi. Course, you're making me want to take it. Thanks for the little lesson😁
Riding the rocket with a cowboy hat is a reference to the 1964 Stanley Kubrick film, "Dr. Strangelove or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb."
I never understood the giggle as pulling a prank, rather both reflecting on their shared past self's clumsiness in the first attempt to catch the apple.
so, the reason they entered the black hole was because they were angry at being hit in the face by the apple and wanted revenge. but in order to avoid breaking causality they had to hit themselves in the face with the apple. they were laughing at the irony that they were angry at themselves all along.
The orange stick man with the cow boy hat on this video at 22:49, is the same orange man who's falling from above at the very end. At the end, as his hat is taken away, now our hero orange man is the one who'll use the wormhole to tell the newly falling orange stick man about everything. It's a loop!
Firs orange how developed this loop? Or why taking new oranges hat? i think it might be because first orange just boring and take his own hat and new oranges hat so he left with two hat.
Well, everything happens in a loop. TSC will do this indefinetly. That's physics for ya.
@@Serhat-898 Nah I think that he only has taken one hat. Because his hat had been taken away by the one who came before him! If that make sense😅🤣
@@kashishyadav6932 its an option
@@kashishyadav6932 its complicate and it has infinite potantiel so yeah maybe.
29:52 This part is M-Theory. These are the 6 versions of superstring theory (type I, type IIA, type IIB, heterotic SO(32) and heterotic E8×E8), that Ed Witten with his M-Theory unified as different representations of a single underlying theory.
5*
Its so much fun to watch people with extensive knowledge. It is like they are opening a new world for you, which you couldnt enter by yourself
The dropping the apple and bouncing it back was what prompted him to enter the black hole, so not just a joke, but another part of the loop just like the other things that were put in his path for the journey. I like to think that his past/future self changing the setting (universe type) was essentially ending the loop and moving on to a new universe/reality. But, I'm certainly no physicist nor mathematician. :)
I also wonder if the apple represents hawking radiation. I guess the apple would have to represent a radiated particle though instead of an entire apple
I really hope Alan's team has great science video potential for us! Chemistry, Biology, Geography and many other wonderful sciences in the video interpretations of Stickman's adventures would be an excellent continuation of this exciting and unique video series!
he's gonna be making more, these 2 are part of a series called 'Animation vs. Education'
I have heard AvChemistry as a common rumor for the next AvEducation. Alan listens to his fans, let's see if this comes to fruition.
@@elijahpatterson2596 it could be biology too, but who knows
@@o1ken_ez It's anyone's guess at this point.
@@elijahpatterson2596 yeah
The bit at the end is him closing the time loop so that there is not a paradox (the one left behind is then the one for the hat-variant to interact with, like he did when falling through the first time).
The guy leaving via the wormhole is continuing on outside the loop, that way there is not a paradox in the form of entering a loop and never exiting, thus ensuring the paradox of "How did the loop even start?" does not exist.
As to the types of wormholes, I am not overly familiar with... but that plot was just showing physics from the ground up, literally, and time paradoxes and, imo, how to get out of them and not have plot holes.
I think when he changed the setting on the wormhole at the end, it was a reference to M theory. He may have left and entered a parallel dimension / universe.
The setting they change it to has a label on the setting that looks like the words "the end".
A lot of people think that all it takes to perform a gravitational slingshot is a gravity well and really good aim with your rocket ship.
Not true.
You can't just plunge part way into any gravity well and come out going faster than when you plunged in.
What is the secret to using a gravity well to increase your speed?
The gravity well itself has to be in motion.
If a planet (or whatever is producing the gravity well) is moving in (roughly) the same direction as the approaching ship, then the planet will diminish its momentum and impart it to the rocket ship, increasing its speed.
But if the planet is moving toward the approaching rocket ship, then the opposite will happen. The planet will rob the rocket ship of some of its momentum, increasing its own momentum as a result.
So gravitational slingshot maneuvers can be used to both accelerate and slow down a rocket ship, depending on whether the rocket ship approaches the planet in the same direction as the planet's orbit (to speed up), or against the planet's orbital direction (to slow down).
That's it. That's my contribution to the universe for the day. I'm going back to bed.
(Also, thanks for the great reaction video.)
Which is labelled well in the video :)
But what would happen if you tried to do a gravitational slingshot using a planet (or whatever works as a gravitational slingshot), and it's moving diagonal of the direction your moving? (meaning left, or right of the direction your moving) what would happen? Would you get pulled in the diagonal direction that the object is moving? Or something else? 🤔🤔🤔🧐🧐🧐
@@DavidMuri-lm5vy It is mostly the angle of your exit from the gravity well that determines whether you gain or lose speed. The extent to which you exit in the same direction as the planet's orbit will determine how much speed you gain. And the extent to which you exit in the opposite direction of the planet's orbit will determine how much speed you lose.
@@samski2185 I had to stop the video to see this because it flashes by so quickly. But you're absolutely right.
I can't speak to the actual science, but I think the plot is just the full realization of the "self fulfilling" type of time travel they set up with the rope and balls. Just before Orange Stick Man entered the black hole, the apple seemed to come out of the black hole, hit him on the head, and then fall back in. After a bit of travailing into the black hole, the apple reappeared. I think Orange Stick Man 2 dropping the apple into the wormhole just before teleporting away, was closing that part of the loop. After OSM2 teleported away, OSM1 was left standing precisely in the position OSM2 was standing when we first saw him. I think this implies that OSM1 has become OSM2.
His name is The Second Coming.
The TSC hasn't become the second TSC, they are in fact the same, just different timelines / dimensions (hinted by the "world line", that was shown before the 2 interact). As he's now stepped outside of our spacetime, he's able to see every iteration of everything at any given time.
I love, how in the end the stickman switches the ERBridge 2 infinitymode, so all started again… it’s like to be reborn… not as something explicit, just 2 be (like souls).
Nothing like an oxford mathematician being a fan of one piece
Yep❤
Ive been looking for this comment
There is this weird stigma around intelligent people (in terms of IQ anyway) liking regular shows and books, as if you are required to only talk about intellectual topics. It's very weird
@@shadowyzephyrMostly if you are good with maths, people already think your whole personality and life in general turn around that xd something i find sad is that only mathematicians are considered intelligent, because you can be good with other subjects but you aren't intelligent because you're not good with maths😢
@@sgjoyder2890 "only mathematicians are considered intelligent"
I'd be interested in where you get that massive generalisation from. Especially as even you yourself don't seem to agree with it.
I think a key thing is that it is a generally held belief (outside of the arts and religion) that _everything_ is described by mathematics and the other, derivative sciences.
I mean how can you possibly deny it in a world so driven by technology? A technology that constantly pushes this world-view. Because without it, you simply wouldn't be typing words into a medium which is only there because of all the work done by mathematicians and the rest of science. And I'd not be replying to you via mechanisms I don't even understand.
But this all leads to the idea that if you understand mathematics, you hold the 'key' to everything.
As a mathematician, I certainly appreciate the very compelling validity of this, from a philosophical point of view.
In the real world, it's possibly mostly garbage (also from a philosophical point of view).
The universe and life and language and culture existed in some form long before we articulated it all in maths.
And although, fundamentally, I believe that mathematics is the language of the universe (because it all matches up so very nicely), I don't really think that a small understanding of it defines intelligence.
Of course, I might be completely wrong about all of that. But would only prove my point, as well. 🤔
When "orange stickman" was waving his hat around, it reminded me of Slim Pickens riding the A-bomb in Doctor Strangelove! 🤣
The way I interpreted the end was that he had to ensure a closed loop. His future self showed his present self how to drop all the items into the universe and how to go forwards and backwards in time to ensure the correct items were in the correct places at the correct time so that his present self could do the same for his future self, who showed up right at the end therefore allowing the future self to pass through into the next dimention without creating a paradox where his past self wouldn't be able to follow the same path.
Cowboy hat is a reference to Kubrick's dr. Strangelove. There's a scene where a guy in cowboy hat is riding on an atomic bomb the similar way
As someone who knows almost nothing about math, but has watched a LOT of movies, I am assuming that the riding a rocket with a cowboy hat is a reference to the movie Dr. Strangelove. Near the end one of the characters rides a nuclear bomb out of the bomb bay of an aircraft. While falling he waves his cowboy hat and yells out like he is riding a bull at a rodeo.
I was assuming the same thing.
I loved the part with the rope wrapping around the tree branch, showing the conservation of Kinetic Energy and the conservation of angular momentum used to accelerate "stick cowboy" into escape velocity. My interpretation of the final "apple gag" is that he's talking about whether information is lost or preserved when traveling through a wormhole inside a black hole. It also nods at the types of wormholes through space and time: one-way, bi-directional, and non-traversable
It will be interesting to see how much math crosses over into this physics video.
btw im aware physics "is" math but like concepts and what not
Math is in every part of life. You do not think about it. But, we live in a mathematical world. Physics is the practical use of math. Then, we get into Quantum Physics. Which is the theoretical next step. To reach the Quantum level. We reached the level of being gods.
@@austinL. Math and physics are almost universally interchangeable. The only major difference between the two is that physics rely on units of measure, math doesn't.
@@Qardo Not quite. One would have to extend beyond the entire physical realm. Beyond time, space, and matter. We would have to venture into pure energy of thought or consciousness without bounds into all eternity. We'd be dealing with multiple fractals in conjunction with information theory, intelligent design, and more.
The ending is about how time is a loop and the theoretical physics of blackholes pretty much exactly like interstellar (but a little bit better in my opinion as it adds the layer of him becoming a future him we see)
that single part to visualize how constant energy remains the same, but moves gradually from potential to kinetic energy and back was nothing short of amazing. Chef's kiss.
19:54 Could be a reference to Major Kong from Dr. Strangelove... as he rides the bomb down to the target.
Riding the rocket into the black hole is a reference to Dr. Strangelove where the character played by Slim Pickens, who ware a cowboy hat, rides the nuclear bomb as it's falling to earth.
There was a cowboy hat but they didn't make the assume spherical cow joke. What a pity😢
I think the cowboy hat is a reference to the movie Dr. Strangelove.
This reply needs to be higher, lol
The reference is dying out of the common knowledge because the film is so old now. These young ones have no idea about Dr. Strangelove unfortunately. Have only see one reaction video where someone has mentioned the reference.
I think hat also added to distinguish the future Second from the present one
@@sunshine1220 It can do other things! Why shouldn't it? - Hubert Farnsworth
Yes but not only that. There is a star on it so it's a Sheriff hat, old symbol for law enforcement ... laws of physics in this case :)
As a physics student who really wanted this: THANK YOUUUU
There is at least one big domain left to explore: Chemistry.
From there it can go looping back into math. 😊
biology
@@kenbow1290 Math, physics and chemistry - every aspect of them are formulas. Biology - not as much. DNA, maybe...
@@kenbow1290Biology is already explored a little in the video
I can't wait for chemistry. Many students like me are still struggling from it.
@@strenter Bio has more math than you think.
Fun Fact: The cowboy hat isn't a reference to anything. It's to communicate which way TSC is facing in 3 dimensional space.
I live in a world where after the football is over, watching a maths professor discussing a cartoon is the most enjoyable TV, and it's great.
The ending: no matter which version, universe, time or space, the singular point of it was the stickman and his action.
Tom says he doesn't know physics. but i checked him up and dude's got a phd in theoretical physics.
that pentacle at "the end" is some great foreshadowing
The cowboy hat gave parts of this video a Slim-Pickens-riding-on-a-nuke vibe.
3:55 Almost certain that's the second law. But from the maths perspective, that's an insignificant off-by-one :-)
Yeah. I caught that, too.
As a programmer there is no such thing as an "insignificant" off-by-one error. That's either an easy fix or a five hour bug-hunting nightmare.
TL;DR: there is no "off by one" error!
Here they are:
1: "An object can't change between stationary and moving on its own: an outside force has to act on it."
2: The magnitude of the force in question is exactly the ratio between the change in momentum and the time over which it occurred. (More commonly, momentum=mv is pulled apart- but that works because of conservation of mass)
3. This force isn't the only one! There's an equally strong force in the opposite direction.
@@wyattstevens8574 out of these three, which do you figure is F=ma?
@@bass2564 2, because the expression in form 1 is p/t= (p=mv) mv/t= (separating out m for F=ma) m*v/t, and v/t is exactly a!
I love how orange casually moves back in time
Things get weird when you leave spacetime, as black holes are considered by some to be the end of spacetime with the singularity lying outside of it.
based on a quick google search it sounds like the different "settings" on the singularity were like switching between the types of string theory or something
I don't understand most of this but your enthusiasm is entirely wonderful, so I'm here for the ride.
25:43 I think of it like A game loading assets while you’re playing. The computer’s usually loading it so fast that whatever is on the screen looks to have already been there.
31:05 superstring theory (there are types: bosonic closed/open, I, IIA, IIB, HO, HE, M-Theory)
From all reactions I saw so far of this video, I like yours the most, is nice to see how much u enjoy the video
tipler cylinder: cylinder that when spun (or the object within spun) can be used to manipulate time. thought to only be possible when cylinder has infinite length or when negative energy is present.
An element to this idea is the need for a balanced equation. Simply put: SM2 found a replacement and moved on to create someone new.
I love the nod to the Interstellar soundtrack when we see the black hole in all its glory!
I waited so long for him to react on this. Lovely
The cowboy hat on the "rocket" / "missile" seems to also be a Dr. Strangelove reference as well
2:19 “vector!velocity! and MAGNITUDE!!”
I may be wrong but I believe the Tipler Cylinder is a sort of theorized method of time travel, I think it has something to do with entering it in a specific way so you can exit at a specific point in time or something, but my knowledge on the subject is minimal
Correct (almost *). Near to an infinitely long massive rotating cylinder it's theoretically possible to loop round it and return to a time before you started.
-Fred Pohl- Larry Niven, the SF writer, used the idea in a short story along with the idea that a cylinder that is very long compared to its radius might show the same property.
Rather nicely, in my opinion, his short story has the same title as the formal paper by Tipler.
Look out for "Of infinite rotating cylinders and the possibility of global casualty violation".
The Tipler is more rigorous, but the -Pohl- Niven is more readable and more fun if you enjoy SF
(* almost) the thing about being careful where you enter and leave is a feature of a different theoretical construct, the Kerr black hole, which is a wormhole to another universe, not to our own past.
The Kerr black hole is formed from a rotating sphere, which is then collapsed into a black hole (which remains it's angular momentum).
The Tipler cylinder is not a black hole, and you don't enter it to time travel, you "just" orbit round it very close.
(I am retired now, but used to teach this stuff for the UK's Open Uni)
@@trueriver1950 Thanks for the info
Correction: the short story was by Larry Niven.
The Wikipedia article "Tipler cylinder" is worth reading, both for the science and for the section on the use of this device in SF.
I learnt only in the last few minutes that the time-controlling "procrastinators" in Terry Pratchett are a reference to the Tipler cylinder: I'm now munching myself for not spotting the joke, as I love that book and have known about the Tipler part since the seventies.
@@dinoeebastianyou're welcome.
As soon as I watched Alan Beckers video, the second thing i did was to look for this guys video. Finally its here!
It is a full circle, 'cause the stick man fell in the singularity wearing a cowboy hat and the stick man waiting at the very bottom of the singularity was not wearing a hat. When he drops the apple he's showing the new (third, if you'd like) stick man with a cowboy hat starting to come towards the bottom and so he takes the cowboy hat from the second stick man and he's gone - leaving the second stick man without the hat waiting for the third stick man (with the hat) at the bottom - thus making it a full circle. Of course he was not going to show you where the first stick man goes, as doing so would have meant being forced to perpetually showing you each and everyone of them continuing to do something and the video would have never end. He had to chose a point where the full circle idea was able to sunk :P
The two stickmen at the end actually the same stickman from different time space
You seem like such a fun teacher
I hope you do more of these videos if Alan releases more videos like this
The moment in the end where he took his hat and jumped in the wormhole, he was taking care of the causal happening of the loop, that the next hat guy meets orangr without hat, they both doing the same thing again and when theire done, he will again take the hat and jump in the wormhole while the next hat guy drops in to take care of the loop
16:53 technically yes, you would since a magnet moving through magnetic fields creates an electromagnet but I don’t think the animation really goes into depth on that aspect specifically. Also it’s arguable that his mass (unless accelerating at c) wouldn’t be enough to create a magnetic field large enough to influence (most) items around him.
Small quibble: The discussion supposedly about entanglement is really just discussing superposition -- the fact that the wave function describing a SINGLE particle gives the superposition of all of that particle's possibilities -- the probabilities of the two or more states into which the particle might collapse when measured. I'm pretty sure that's all that gets discussed in this video.
Entanglement talks about the wave function of TWO entangled particles. It gives the probabilities of the COMBINED properties of the two particles ... but it turns out that if you then measure just ONE of the particles, thereby collapsing it into a particular state, then other particle is AUTOMATICALLY collapsed into a corresponding (usually opposite) state, without having to be measured. And this happens instantly ... no matter how far away the other particle is.
If I were to throw something at myself in the past, I would laugh about it, because I remember it.
Pretty sure the rocket riding cowboy is a "Dr. Strangelove" reference.
at 7 mins it really was about the trasformation between kinetic and potential energy. remember this is about physics
At 30:03, notice how the bubble that floats next to the main character begins to form the shape of an apple, indicating that the process is a cycle. Our main character will now address the version of himself that he was watching with his future self. (This is all speculation).
I like how it's only two videos that you watched from Alan Baker
The apple throw near the end made me giggle because I'd absolutely do the same thing Orange did.
Ofc we will troll sometimes it's funny
If anyone saw or not the heavier ball dropped by 600N which may be calculated that the mass of the ball is around 60kg 5:31 but at 5:35 it shows the mass to be 200kgs.....
I have never seen such a casual an One piece loving Professor😂😂👍
ANIMATION VS. GEOMETRY has just dropped a few hours ago.
THEEEEEEEAAA OOOONNNNEEEE PIIIIIECE IIIIS REEEEEEAAAAAL
3:42 the parabola is only the shape of projectile motion on a flat planet. We get away with this approximation because the real path is an ellipse and when you are far from both foci (focuses) an ellipse approximates to a parabola
(more precisely: the part of the ellipse furthest from the focus at the centre of gravity of the planet)
The only time a particle traces a parabolic path in Newtonian physics is when it travels at exactly escape velocity. Slightly slower: ellipse; slightly faster hyperbola
So my inference is that (And bit of a spoilers)
The bit with the tossed apple is about the bit at 19.17 -Thus the future did that to cause rocket orange guy the motivation to traverse into the black hole. And since rocket guy is now on his way in -they get ready to meet him.
That bit at the end, is showing the bit at 22.49 -but from the the grounds perspective. So you can jump back to 22.49 -to follow the protagonist (who in this return to 22.49 loop-the-loop - the one at the 'ground')
So its not a closed time loop, its instead a timeline loop-the-loop.
Tipler cylinder is a theorised time travel machine. It is a cylinder of point or very small diameter and infinite length. Meaning it would have infinite mass like a blackhole. Spinning it would cause Space-time to warp and cause time to distort and allows us to go the required time.
Thanks to this video, my 6 and 4 year olds have a new interest. Im just a mom here trying to learn how to properly explain what's going on to prepare for home activities.
As the physics enthusiast and somewhat into the field, I think the hat taken before the pass through the wormhole is to avoid continuity paradox so the stick figure main character can also travel through next. Anyway awesome video and looking forward for reaction to new Geometry themed video.
9:45 I'm not a physicist, but I've heard scholars say that we receive even minimal gravitational influence from all bodies in the universe.
this is my like 7th time watching people react to this video and i just realised its a paradox,theres gotta be you in the black hole and the start
Either a paradox, or parallel universes. The penrose diagram suggests it might be the latter.
isn't the hat a reference to Dr. Strangelove with the guy riding the nuclear bomb?
When you began, talking about "orange stickman," I thought you were referring to Trumpadumpagus!
I was glad to see that you weren't. 🤣
Trumpadumpa may be orange coloured but no way is he stick like in width.
It’s also funny that for them, when they put things out of the singularity, it looks like it’s barely moved any distance. But it probably moved to that spot extremely fast and their concept of time is off due to the dilation of space and time.
29:21 The Orangutan with the cowboy hat wasn’t laughing, he was touching his face on where the Apple had hit himself, like getting slapped, but being so slow that you wait at least 37 seconds to react.
25:40 Clarification needed. The quantum state of a particle is like a Schrödinger’s Cat where its only through measurement that we know it's true state?
While looking for the pronunciation of Schrödinger, I also noticed that he was also a physicist who developed the quantum theory which is likely the reason I thought of this comparison.
And now we wait for his reaction to animation vs geometry
The one piece
I think the cowboy hat there is a movie reference from the film doctor strangelove & how to love the bomb; where one one crewmember of the B-52 bomber sacrificed himself by releasing the bomb that's jammed and he ended up riding the whole thing (him backwards), waving his hat and yelling all the way to the ground.
*"Going off/out with a bang"* , as they say
The only reason i really understand the black hole is bc of the recent Veritasium video.
if you study the schwarzschild metric from this perspective, and also incorporate a notion of scalar speed of light that can change from location to location, you can build the thing in a euclidian space, and if you use only a change in the scalar speed of light you can only define the space properly down to the event horizon, but if space flows into the black hole so to speak, you find you can define to scalar speed of light to be finite at the horizon and instead the outward speed of light equals the flow of space in the other direction, and so nothing can escape even if time is still flowing there.
I just noticed that when TCS 2 (the one in the wormhole first) went though the wormhole, the resulting closed loop became the apple!
22:57 No, it’s an Einstein Rosen Bridge, which I’m, like, 37% sure has been disproven.
5:14 He cheated here. When he threw the ball, orange man should have gone the opposite direction. And when the rope went taut, the motions should have canceled to zero. You can't propel yourself on a frictionless surface without actually throwing stuff *away.*
@16:54 solenoid isnt creating electricity.. it converts magnetic energy to mechanic one
I love their reference to Doctor Strange Love!
14:13 he actually increased the thrust of the rocket so he accelerates more and reach the escape velocity of the star
Always thought the cowboy hat was a nod to space exploration being "The Final Frontier" 😅
My favorite doctor
3:53 SIR IT IS SECOND LAW NOT FIRST 😅 . BUT NO WORRIES , HUMAN ARE THE ONLY ONE WHO MAKES MISTAKE AND TRIES TO CORRECT IT AS WELL 🙂
It's not full circle because the events happened only once. It's your perception following the present orange stickman that makes you think it's a loop. It is looking like it in a way, but there is just past, present and future. In this fictional tale, being at the singularity makes you experience that. In the end, the past orange stickman changes the wormhole setting and jump into the white hole to a new universe because it has always been that scenario, he experienced his past orange stickman meeting aswell. As for jumping into the white hole, present orange stickman will also do, as will do the future one "moments" later. This scene is always the same, like looking our reflexion into a mirror, but in space time.
It's basically the explanation of Interstellar.
This movie annihilated free will though.
An interesting timeline to try and graph is the on in Robert Heinlein's story All You Zombies -- later made into the 2014 movie Predestination, which added even more twists into the timeline.
Loved the video and the one piece shirt 😉
Oh yes I've been waiting for this!
This animation always goes above everybody's pay grade at the end.
Still waiting for someone to enlighten us.
"is he going to just start herding cows, herding space cows"😂🤣
I absolutely love the one piece shirt, must be the coolest mathematician.