Did Neanderthals Witness the Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 10 ก.พ. 2025
- The Campanian Ignimbrite eruption and Heinrich Event Four significantly shaped the trajectory of human societies during the Last Glacial Period, serving as stressors and catalysts for innovation and adaptation. The eruption, one of the most powerful in the Northern Hemisphere, caused a “volcanic winter” that disrupted ecosystems, food chains, and human settlements. Coupled with ongoing glacial conditions, it prompted widespread population displacements and environmental changes, which drove technological and cultural innovations.
The environmental crises triggered by these events forced humans to develop new tools, adapt subsistence strategies, and reorganize their social structures. These adaptations are evident in archaeological records, where Upper Paleolithic cultures, like the Aurignacian, displayed greater resource diversification, use of composite tools, and symbolic behaviors. Personal adornments and art gained prominence as a means of identity formation and social cohesion under heightened stress and population pressures.
While the eruption and associated cooling played a significant role in altering landscapes and ecosystems, they were not the sole drivers of the extinction of Neanderthals. Evidence suggests Neanderthals and modern humans coexisted before the eruption, and their extinction likely resulted from a complex interplay of environmental pressures, competition, and demographic changes. Modern humans’ adaptability and small, mobile populations likely gave them an edge in surviving these crises.
The eruption’s effects were not uniform across regions. Proximity to the volcanic source determined the extent of disruption, with some areas experiencing long-term depopulation and others showing resilience. In many cases, cultural transitions were not abrupt but represented “change within continuity,” as existing Middle Paleolithic traits evolved under stress into more specialized Upper Paleolithic traditions.
Ultimately, these events underscored the resilience and adaptability of human societies. The crises accelerated cultural evolution, favoring innovative and flexible groups while eliminating maladaptive ones. This period of environmental and societal challenges shaped human history and fostered long-term progress and transformation.
references
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Very concise. An excellent presentation all around. Thank you.
A very rare topic to cover on TH-cam.
You could see the eruption as the massive disaster it was but also perhaps the Toba eruption 74,000 years ago caused the human bottleneck that finally sculpted our species.
I suspect the Toba eruption may have caused some inbreeding among the early aboriginal australians before the newer "official" wave arrived around 50kya.
If populationsize haplogroup and genomic testing is allowed on them, I'd expect there to be some "ghost population" of this pre-Toba aboriginals within the aboriginal genome.
possibly shared with the papuans.
A very Thoughtful analysis
The Greenland ice cores 👍 it's good to see the outcome of all that hard work.
350.000 years ago, Erectus came to where now middle Europe is. Neanderthalensis came after the mitochondrial split, the high peak of a warfare culture about a hundred K years later.
The extinction of them is based on middle eastern locations and subindian parts. From the center of Asia, too.
Here it is Berber and such. The aramaiic tribes and others. Yamnya.
Very interesting. I didn't know about that.
3:12
You said, "40,000" years ago. But the graphic reads "400000."
40,000 is correct, though.
Multiple occasions
A.I. voices can’t read … they just read literally/phonetically. Human narrators more natural, pronounce words properly, and are a pleasure to listen to. 🇨🇦🖖🏻🇨🇦
Neanderthal r still here. People call them Big foot.
That's very funny.
The Campi Flegrei eruption 40,000 years ago wasn't a super eruption. It was a VEI 7. Super eruptions are VEI 8s.
There was another eruption about 11.000 years ago. I read somewhere that a family of 5 humans? Cro-magnons were found under the magna. Any info on this?
roughly around the same time as Neanderthal extinction/mass depopulation
Toba was the main cause of Neander decline, 74k ago. Great run though, 350k to 40k.
I love neanderthals:)
The first 9 minutes are basically the same two statements repeated like 5 times.
Robot voice and bad error correction of texts.
Correct
Brilliant analysis. But I don't agree that volcanoes can have so much of an impact on humans in terms of culture and behaviour.
So, an event that can change local and extended climates for possibly centuries has no effect on cultures and behaviours, yeah right ok mate you're fkn funny
Such types of events can have a massive effect on how people behave. Even today natural disasters influence how people construe the world around them
Annoying minor errors and distracting mispronunciations. Forty-thousand years narrated and 400,000 years illustrated on screen? Ignimbrite initially pronounced as ingen-brite?
Please re-record this video and check your other presentations.
Vesuvius. Nápels, not Népels 😅.