Gel electrophoresis | Chemical processes | MCAT | Khan Academy

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 ก.ย. 2013
  • Learn how gel electrophoresis separates DNA and protein fragments based on size and why one would use agarose gel electrophoresis versus SDS-PAGE. By Angela Guerrero.. Created by Angela Guerrero.
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ความคิดเห็น • 179

  • @liamdo151
    @liamdo151 6 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    I'm doing this stuff in gen biol lab and I have no idea what my professor is lecturing about ? After watching this 7 min video, I understand the concept completely. Great job

  • @leezhengyangbrandon5080
    @leezhengyangbrandon5080 10 ปีที่แล้ว +270

    What happened to your voice khan?

    • @weihaihe9839
      @weihaihe9839 6 ปีที่แล้ว +26

      and ur handwriting...XD....its elegant........

    • @emeltea33
      @emeltea33 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Yeah, his voice is fried...

    • @jervon3739
      @jervon3739 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      I'm the 200th like

    • @ludwigvanbeethoven6853
      @ludwigvanbeethoven6853 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@jervon3739 🏆🏅

    • @helens5946
      @helens5946 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      I'm the 204th like. 😜

  • @ricky4680
    @ricky4680 7 ปีที่แล้ว +207

    omg this is sooo simple and easy.....i really hate my class teacher

  • @emmanueladetunji7529
    @emmanueladetunji7529 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Your voice made me come back to this video for the third time😁

  • @jacyblack8004
    @jacyblack8004 10 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you for the great visual. This seems so much clearer now!

  • @aiki8812
    @aiki8812 9 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    this is just great. It helped me a lot to learn this stuff. thanx

  • @ApozVideoz
    @ApozVideoz 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Nice Video! A note is that since as the DNA gets larger, more phosphates group are found on the structure, and thus the electric force is proportionately stronger, what causes different fragments to separate is a gel that allows smaller DNA fragments to pass easily whilst larger fragments much more slowly (similar to size exclusion chromatography where beads are used).

  • @makhinasolieva9477
    @makhinasolieva9477 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Her voice is magnificent!!!

  • @maddielipscomb4666
    @maddielipscomb4666 7 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thank you so much for making this video, it was very helpful!

  • @HappyDaysIsMe
    @HappyDaysIsMe 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This was great! thankyou so much!!

  • @zoobihan
    @zoobihan 8 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    This video is really good. I've been struggling to understand the purpose of electrophoresis for my exam. It's actually a really interesting technique when it's described in this video! My textbook and lecture notes are so dull in comparison :)

  • @Kaloras
    @Kaloras 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    One of the best explanation videos I have ever seen. Short, well depicted and easy to understand

  • @yukilino
    @yukilino 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Simple, good and easy to understand. Well done. Thanks for the video!

  • @MissAristen
    @MissAristen 8 ปีที่แล้ว +83

    Her voice reminds me of "this one time, at band camp"...

  • @mliskicks
    @mliskicks 10 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great vid! Very clear

  • @gloryogiji5154
    @gloryogiji5154 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    The way you broke this down in very simple terms and easy makes me want to cry. Thank you 🥺❤️

  • @reezis1619
    @reezis1619 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Amazing explanation, thank you.

  • @minkailusanu5069
    @minkailusanu5069 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank You.

  • @dnaspectrum5540
    @dnaspectrum5540 10 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is a great description of one of the earliest methods of separating DNA. It is amazing how far DNA testing has come from the days of gel electrophoresis.

  • @asdasd446446
    @asdasd446446 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank U guys so much I've really enjoy it and learnt how to do it ..... Perfect
    and thank U Angela Guerrero.U were so good at it " BIG high 5 "

  • @hananashraf1002
    @hananashraf1002 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    جميل جدا وفهمت بالشرح ده اوووي
    شكرا جدا 😊

  • @charleyjr.iriarte7428
    @charleyjr.iriarte7428 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for the teaching of gel electrophoresis.
    Bless you.

  • @ForeignerD
    @ForeignerD 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Enlightening , ty

  • @22rnd
    @22rnd 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    AMAZING!!!!!!!!!!

  • @waqarkhan7870
    @waqarkhan7870 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks a lot!!!

  • @halafr5861
    @halafr5861 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you 🙏

  • @jonathanmoron1917
    @jonathanmoron1917 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    great video. thanks

  • @lunallena5519
    @lunallena5519 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Muchas gracias por su explicacion.👍

  • @Sameen.Rahman
    @Sameen.Rahman 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    A very useful video!

  • @sunilKumar-fb8xi
    @sunilKumar-fb8xi 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Perfect.. I mean that deserves one

  • @krichard2346
    @krichard2346 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Brilliant explanation!

  • @furgo1
    @furgo1 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you to the lady that took her time to explain this concept , please ignore Ignorance from some comments, again Thank you, well done.

  • @rayz1408
    @rayz1408 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much

  • @sanjoysaha7679
    @sanjoysaha7679 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    great work thanks

  • @saharosamamaray7846
    @saharosamamaray7846 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you

  • @Diagreen19
    @Diagreen19 10 ปีที่แล้ว

    explained very well. thank u

  • @rafaelcalderon3681
    @rafaelcalderon3681 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great video!

  • @4Getf00l
    @4Getf00l 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much. I have no background on molecular biology or genetics but this made it easy to understand.

  • @rishimakhanlal8905
    @rishimakhanlal8905 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Your voice is soooooooooooooooo COMFORTING

  • @johntindell9591
    @johntindell9591 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank youu

  • @israakareem5304
    @israakareem5304 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks

  • @faalsadat1
    @faalsadat1 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very informative video !

  • @sohilausamarabie9631
    @sohilausamarabie9631 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very well explained thank u so much

  • @mayikken8534
    @mayikken8534 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Simple and understandable

  • @safeyyasofy5515
    @safeyyasofy5515 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Well done girl 👏👏👏👏👏! You are the best , big thanks 🙋🙋😙✋

  • @annalilyanna2196
    @annalilyanna2196 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank you . I like BioM

  • @zolabee
    @zolabee 10 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Such a good video, made things really clear and fun to learn! Nice voice to listen to too - thanks so much! :D

  • @seeknlearneasylectures3704
    @seeknlearneasylectures3704 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    hmm. very informative 👍

  • @arpanbiswas818
    @arpanbiswas818 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    The video was useful

  • @brianahanrahan
    @brianahanrahan 8 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    The polarity stated in the video is a little confusing since we tend to think of cations being associated with cathodes, and thus it would be (+) positive. As someone commented before: The cathode is where reduction takes place. The anode is where oxidation takes place.
    However, the polarity of the cathode, or anode, can be + or - depending on the type of device. In a galvanic cell the cathode would be (+) positive. In an electrolytic cell the cathode would be (-) negative. if your prior reference had you thinking that the cathode is (+) positive, you aren't necessarily wrong.

    • @Craznman
      @Craznman 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Brian Hanrahan I had to bust out my chemistry book because people were saying that she has the charges wrong, but she indeed has them correct.

    • @allen7615
      @allen7615 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Cathodes attracts cations which are positive charge. Just think of this: what charge would you think attracts positive cations? Negative. So cathodes are negatively charged... For isoelectric focusing, cathodes are usually basic because of negatively charged OH groups which again important for attracting cations. And anodes on the other hand are just the opposite.

  • @hanymohany8793
    @hanymohany8793 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    very nice

  • @ebtihalahmed2289
    @ebtihalahmed2289 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    You are amazing

  • @asdasd446446
    @asdasd446446 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Ure like a superstar thank U so much for this illustration "Big heart Emoji"

  • @kimsunsuhan1524
    @kimsunsuhan1524 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Some of these comments are so rude...ya all ain't grateful enough this video just simplified so much

  • @anienyeneokonna1038
    @anienyeneokonna1038 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nice lecture, please I want to know the parts of the electrophoresis and their uses.

  • @alleycat4409
    @alleycat4409 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Omg I love your voice!! And your handwriting, so so pretty. I hope you decide to make more videos ❤❤

  • @mdkgr
    @mdkgr 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hey beautiful tutorial.
    How did you create the video? Love the drawings you made!

  • @anythinggoes4588
    @anythinggoes4588 7 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Mi English no good, nor nooor, but mi understand this very well mi friend :) ........seriously, appreciated! lol

  • @MisterTutor2010
    @MisterTutor2010 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Been doing SDS-PAGE for 22 years.

  • @renski1792
    @renski1792 8 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    I love loading samples onto gels

  • @shaki6500
    @shaki6500 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Agarose GEL also called "Native Gel Electrophoresis"
    cause this was the first method, they usually call it NATIVE

  • @Jamiejaaumei0e
    @Jamiejaaumei0e 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    PAGE is for small DNA & Protein
    But SDS-PAGE, if I am correct only for protein

  • @GitasFoodDiary
    @GitasFoodDiary 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    woww...it looks so amazing dear. Thank you so much for sharing. Stay safe and good luck :)

  • @kavinrajakaruna7035
    @kavinrajakaruna7035 8 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    everyone on a a PC or laptop LISTEN
    Make the video Full Screen
    On your Numpad on the Right of your keyboard spam either 9 or 3
    Make some SICK BEATZ

    • @jdavida97
      @jdavida97 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      2 and 9 as well as 2 and 3..... I should be studying X(

  • @chroniclerofthe70s
    @chroniclerofthe70s 9 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    She forgot to mention the use of EDTA and a UV light source to visualize the nucleic acid bands. The protein's disulfide bonds must be methylated in order to keep the proteins linearized.

    • @frogiwthoutahat
      @frogiwthoutahat 9 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Or maybe she actively chose not to include that topic. Hmmmm.

  • @surfmaster9612
    @surfmaster9612 10 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    nice handwriting :)

  • @HarrisonJay
    @HarrisonJay 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Shukran(thanks), you just save my 10mks from a test quiz.

  • @ArtistryofDebauchery
    @ArtistryofDebauchery 9 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    This hardly explained anything. Left out entirely the mechanism of action. No mention on the charge differentiation involved in electrophoresis.

  • @shrutirathore6000
    @shrutirathore6000 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    small dna fragments move faster because of the voids in agrose gel are presents .. so the small dna fragments can passs the voids faster than bigger takes time to travees through voidss

  • @ToneWV
    @ToneWV 9 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    I'm suprised that noone caught the anode and cathode charges.

    • @chifley123
      @chifley123 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Anthony Verdun Jr This is 3 years old but I’m writing this for modern viewers.. Anyways she god the charges correct, just the colors were switched.

  • @leoncraftmc
    @leoncraftmc 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Umm... I'm using the Amgen lab and my "R+" band is over 10k basepairs when I compare it to the DNA ladder. Idk what to write, so I just wrote >10k bp to avoid incorrectness cuz I can't like predict whatever is over 10k.

  • @gemechubekele2546
    @gemechubekele2546 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Agarose might be used for DNA fragments of 50 bps- 500 bps, but in reality it is used for for those which are longer than 500 bps while polyacrylamide is used for those less than 500 bps. and is SDS used for DNA? It is not specifically mentioned in the video, but it seems it is implied. It is not necessary to negatively charge DNA( as it is already negatively charged) and that is what SDS does. Even if it is necessary to denature the DNA, Urea is used.

  • @bonbonpony
    @bonbonpony 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Soo where to get that agarose or the other substance?

  • @vinaykumardaivajna2470
    @vinaykumardaivajna2470 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    There is both increase in mass and charge how they get separated as the ratio of charge per mass is constant plz explain.

  • @nearsan2477
    @nearsan2477 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    it made it even more difficult

  • @byrongaspard9531
    @byrongaspard9531 8 ปีที่แล้ว +21

    I don't know why you didn't discuss restriction enzymes and their function in gel electrophoresis. Very important part that was just left out...

    • @os3720
      @os3720 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      I agree

  • @bagucode445
    @bagucode445 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can agar be used instead?

  • @musicbank9255
    @musicbank9255 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    How do u cut it out of the gel

  • @holypeachy
    @holypeachy 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wow someone writing in cursive, I thought i was alone.

  • @medicalminutia
    @medicalminutia 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Since you can do DNA or proteins on SDS-PAGE, does this mean that proteins are somehow smaller than DNA since agarose can only do DNA? I always thought DNA was < proteins but guess not

  • @vickyoli
    @vickyoli 5 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    First time I see a capital "G" cursive like that in my life...

  • @laaquino7846
    @laaquino7846 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    cellulose acetate can also be a medium

  • @RBEmpathy
    @RBEmpathy 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    *based on their size and electrical charge

  • @duke1013
    @duke1013 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hey guys

  • @nabihachaudhary3462
    @nabihachaudhary3462 8 ปีที่แล้ว +48

    its quinn from zoey 101

  • @duke1013
    @duke1013 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Yeheueee

  • @abdrizack-muaadsheikhahmed7225
    @abdrizack-muaadsheikhahmed7225 10 ปีที่แล้ว

    thankzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz

  • @mehwishhameed2988
    @mehwishhameed2988 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    I have a question "Will the DNA get absorb so that it may shown or it will show automatically"

  • @DamperPedal
    @DamperPedal 9 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    i thought cathodes were positive and anodes were negative?

  • @gaymo69
    @gaymo69 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    If you're doing Western Blotting, do you measure from the top or the middle of the bands (or the bottom)? For example, I have a thick band and am comparing it against molecular weight markers, but not sure where on the band to measure from.

    • @chroniclerofthe70s
      @chroniclerofthe70s 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      I suggest measuring the bands from the center of the band which represents the greatest concentration of nucleic acid fragments. However, you may want to consult your advisor or laboratory instructor, or email the company which sells the nucleic acid size ladder and ask them about how their ladder is to be used with the particular nucleic acids you are working with.

  • @minhtuando1768
    @minhtuando1768 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Better than the guy who kept stumbling on words ummm ahhhh uhhh ! Very informative video.

  • @anjankhatri3848
    @anjankhatri3848 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Del

  • @TheDandyLion
    @TheDandyLion 10 ปีที่แล้ว +67

    She sounds like Dora the Explorer LOL

  • @philippealexandra468
    @philippealexandra468 ปีที่แล้ว

    Who the fuck hired Vincent Adultman to voice this informational MCAT prep video?

  • @esa2236
    @esa2236 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Shouldn't it be the other way around for the electricity conduction at the beginning of the video? The anode is the reduced conductor which means a negative charge, while the ca+hode is the oxidized conductor that results in a positive charge.

    • @amyss
      @amyss 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Actually she's right

  • @mhmdagd2684
    @mhmdagd2684 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    I watched this 3 times still cant figure out what those 3 samples represent? I mean are they the same only mixed with different dyes? Or they are 3 different samples?

    • @mtgsk5180
      @mtgsk5180 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Mohammad Aghdaei pink is the ladder, yellow and green are unknown samples

  • @jhyland87
    @jhyland87 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Kinda reminds me of chromotography

  • @siryogi1563
    @siryogi1563 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    sal's voice is better

  • @alexsaini10
    @alexsaini10 10 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Yes i agree, she sounds like dora.......lol

  • @fatimarahimi0861
    @fatimarahimi0861 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Where is Khan man ;(