X Inactivation and Epigenetics (2017) Etsuko Uno wehi.tv
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 พ.ค. 2024
- X inactivation is a vital process that occurs in all DNA-containing cells of the female body. It is also an important research model and tool for studying epigenetics. Epigenetics refers to processes that tell our cells how, and when, to read the DNA blueprint. The epigenetic regulation of DNA is critical in both normal development and disease.
X inactivation is a type of gene dosage compensation.
In humans, the sex chromosomes X and Y determine the sex of an individual - females have two X chromosomes (XX), males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). All of the genes on the Y chromosome are required in male development, while the genes on the X chromosome are needed for both male and female development.
Because females receive two X chromosomes, they inherit two copies of many of the genes that are needed for normal function. Extra copies of genes or chromosomes can affect normal development. An example is Down's syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of part or all of chromosome 21.
In female mammals, a process called X inactivation has evolved to compensate for the extra X chromosome. In X inactivation, each cell 'switches off' one of its X chromosomes, chosen at random, to ensure the correct number of genes are expressed, and to prevent abnormal development. - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
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This team are the best molecular biology animators of the world. Not only because the videos look great, but they pay a lot of emphasis in brownian motion, random collisions, molecular twitching and protein overcrowded cell compartments. Being the most accurate artist view of the molecular sized life process, duplicates the beauty. Congrats!
These animations are easily the best media productions in the history of the universe. [tear drop]
fact
if we ever meet aliens, this is what they need to see first!
I love the sound effects.
Splat!
the frightening sounds make the video more interesting for me :)
The X inactivation is FAKE NEWS.
@@eireannsg wut
@@colejohnson4941 You can't even write proper English. No wonder you don't understand anything.
@@eireannsg Wow, you just got a lot of information out of a one word reply. Anyhow, I'm just curious as to why X inactivation is "FAKE NEWS"
I absolutely love it! A whole lecture of epigenetics in 10 minutes. Hats down!
Fantastic video! But we have more than just epigenetics here 😃👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽
Not really. You don’t know basic stuff in epigenetics like H3K27me3, Chip-seq, DNMT and TET enzymes etc.
Thanks everyone!
@mdoerkse We use Maya for animation and After Effects for compositing.
A los primeros 4 días después de la fecundación como se encuentran los cromosomas X provenientes del padre y de la madre ???? me podria explicar porfavor
10 years later, still one of the best if not THE best video with regards to X-inactivation ever!
The best video of epigenetic ever, no doubt!!
Drew Berry and Etsuko Uno are gods for making this kind of animations happen. The rest of the team also does great job. Thank you!
Amazing work. I can just imagine the time take to made all this thousand atoms dynamics to work for the video.
The computer did it.
the best animation about epigenetics...
This was absolutely amazing, with crystal clear explanation, visual and sound effects. The best educational video I have watched so far. Thank you very much!
This was riveting. This was included in my Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression class. Absolutely fascinating to watch. Thank you!
This is one of the best channels on TH-cam. Great information, great animation, and weird, but great sound effects as well!
this is one of the best descriptions + visuals
I enjoyed the lecture.
Great animation, it helped me visualize what was going on.
This video is fraggin' awesome. Thank you so much!
This is blowing my mind. I dont understand like 80% of what hes saying but in highschool these are the questions I wondered but couldnt properly ask. I wanted to see. I wanted to see what was happening. Id ask questions but the teacher would look at me like I was crazy. I love watching these videos. Life is ridiculously complicated
How can one not be simply fascinated and intrigued by this? Outstanding video.
Your videos are so good! Thanks for your scientific and artistic effort!
Those sound effects! I love how they convey how squishy it all is in there. Thanks for these videos!
Excellent video, loved the combination of audio/visual effects paired with the soothing, laconic narrator .
i love the sound on this!
this is the most breathtaking animation of DNA. the sounds are everything
A really well-done video, visual and informative
Love the sound track!
Thank you very much! You've saved my final exam!
Thank you so much, WEHI!
Great video. Great explanation. Thank you.
Am pushing the like button over and over again
hands down one of the best biology videos
Awesome video and graphics!! great explanation! Thank you
this is so helpful, it clears everything!
absolutely love the narration and sound effects!thnx!:)
Thank you for the AWESOME video!! HELPS A LOT!!!!!!!
This is a very good clip. Great in terms of animation and explanation.
I'm following the playlist "Biomedical Animation by wehi.tv" and I've got to say, this is one of the most amazing and beautiful things I've ever seen. Great work.
I absolutely love it. Thank you very much for this video
the sounds always really brings me into this world.
Bravo! Oncore oncore fro Aotearoa. Thank you for your amazing knowledge
impresive!!!!! amazingly helpful
Outstanding animation.
So which comes first: histone tail modifications or de-condensation (allowing TFs and histone modifying proteins to bind)?
Thank you so much! The bast animations I've seen so far...
Thank you very much....great explaining..
Beautiful molecular animations!
This is just awesome
I don't see anyone else use audio as a metaphor. The sound effects makes these videos so much more engaging and accessible. I love stuff at this level of science that is meant for a wide audience. AND ITS 11 YEARS OLD!
Excellent graphics and narrative!
thank you for the great video
it was really helpful thank you so much
Very good explanation and a wonderful video, thank you, congratulations.
Very helpful, Thank you.
Epicgenetics.
Absolutely fantastic video!
I love genetics and these types of videos..matter of fact I plan to present my PHD dissertation in this format.
Awesome video! I think the eerie background sound and the bad ass graphics make it so engrossing.
Love the sound effects !
Amazing compilation!!
Hi WEHI, I was wondering if someone could explain this for me!
If a female has an X-linked recessive disease (say that the diseased or mutated gene was on the paternal X-chromosome), will the disease be less severe than if a male had the same disease, because half of her cells will contain active maternal X-chromosomes and inactive paternal X-chromosomes?
Yes, that's true. Males tend to experience more symptoms of the disease because they only have one X-chromosome (and thus only the mutated gene copy on this chromosome). And with many X-linked diseases, males have a higher chance of getting the disease in the first place.
One little sidenote though: Males get their X-chromosome from the mother, so there is actually no "paternal X-chromosome" in males.
+Annika Victoria Yes, that is why males are very disproportionally affected by X-linked disorders such as colourblindness and haemophilia. But indeed fathers can never pass this on to their sons, only carrier daughters.
@@SapientEudaimonia what about lgbt people?
@@hugodaniel8975 Could you be more specific in your question?
@@SapientEudaimonia do Barr bodies make people attracted to men? Like woman are usually attracted to men, maybe gay men or trans women have x inactivation too. Lesbians dont have barr bodies and so on
LOVE YOU GUYS!
Subscribed. Amazing stuff, but I would appreciate it if you go more into details. This is very general and I'm constantly looking for detailed descriptions.
Loved the animations!
Just great! Many thanks.
Amazing. Is there any debate about the sound effects ? I would vote for leaving them out. Thanks.
Awsome collection
Goosebumps!
Really like the voice-over style too.
thx!
excelent! thank you
really wonder fulll thanks forward
how did scientists understand all these mechanisms which are so complex and invisible, thank you
I love this video so much
Thank you so much. Very helpful (if creepy sound effects - maybe that helped the info imprint on my memory lol). At the point when the egg has both maternal and paternal X chromosomes - before methylation occurs to silence one of the Xs,: DOES Crossover occur at this point (just before the silencing)?
This makes me love science even more
the animation and sound effects so scary - i forgot to actually listen to the spoken word. I LOVED IT!
AMAZING. seriously, this is so useful. the animation is superb!!
Very informative. What are the sounds based on?
This is so fantastic!
This is amaaaazing
Epicness at it's finest.
great animation! thank you so much! :)
AMAZING@!!
Thanks a lot, I really love the video. Can you guys make another video explain more specific how one X chromosome is inactivated
Thanks
thank you :)
Thankyou for the detailed information. I liked the animation also. Can you help me solve the doubt which arised .. What happens when their is an X-linked disease in females if one of the X chromosome is inactive? We say that males are more susceptible to the X-linked diseases since they have only one X chromosome and females have another X-chromosome to overcome the defects in one X -chromosome.. So how it happens if the other X- chromosome is inactive?
OMG. I'm female, and I'm a little freaked out right now. >:O
Awesome animation, though, and a great pedagogic tool.
bonjour
Si un père ( cadet dans sa famille) qui a la calvitie et que à ses gène dans notre corps est ce que le fils est disposé à l’avoir ? Si oui y a t’il un moyen d’éviter cela ?
what happens to the inactive X chromosome during segregation ???? is it active or inactive ????
Intriguing
amazing video...
Wow thank youu
Subscribed - In theory, can X-linked genetic polymorphisms potentially be “inactivated” through this mechanism?
Can you explain me how does allele gene's interaction of 2 female's X chromosomes work? I mean, if, for example, haemophilla disease appears as an X-linked recessive inheritance and a dominant gene turned up to be in inactivated X chromosome, so how does recessive gene expression can be suppressed by an inactivated gene in allele chromosome?
I know the colors and shapes can be abstracted away to understand what is "really going on"... can those sounds be abstracted away as well?
when the view changes when the nucleosome remodeller attaches its like frodo put the ring on
Impressive!
WEHI makes the best quality animations of this type by far! Definitely some nice artistic style and with attention to detail and accuracy. I would like to know what software is used to in the whole workflow to produce these animations?
wooow...just amazing.¡¡¡
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