Fun fact: they have actually found remnants of nuts under the colosseum, suggesting that the Romans used to snack on a bowl of nuts similar to how we eat popcorn at cinemas today!
My favorite part of Max’s content is easily the historical anecdotes. It’s fascinating how much they humanize the societies that are being talked about, and there are several moments where I’m so wrapped up in the story that I forget all about the actual food being made lol. It also helps that Max is just a fantastic storyteller
When I visited Spain, an ex and I visited a small town called Tarragona on the coast of the Mediterranean. It had been settled in 214 BC by the Romans. There was a coliseum just about an eighth of mile from the sea. I remember sitting on one of the stone seats imaging what it was like for citizens of Rome to be here and watch whatever was happening. There was also, a prison and a Praetorian guard fort. It's a wonderful historical small town. If you're ever in Spain, check it out.
I'm not so sure that Domitian was quite as tyrannical as he's made out to be. Given that most of his actions were done against the notoriously corrupt Senate and most of the Roman historians were senators themselves, they likely exaggerated his actions.
Domitian's problem was that he was a friend of the people and an enemy of the senate. By most accounts he was a good man and the legions loved him. Records do indicate that he went more or less paranoid near the end, much like Henry VII of England, and started arresting and executing senators for crimes both real and perceived.
Hi Chris. I’ve been watching your videos almost for two years and want to congratulate you for all the effort and growth you have put into your channel, it really shows. I’m glad you have found joy in sharing your love of history through the internet. Also wanted to recommend you play Red Dead Redemption 2, it is a western game with a great message and characters. It is based on the death of the Wild West and touches themes like the southern states after the civil war and how civilization expanded to the west. Due it being a long game, I think you would enjoy playing it on live streams so the chat can give you tips and help you with the missions. With not much more to say, I’m sure you will enjoy it and again congratulations on the growth of the channel. Greeting from Venezuela
9:35 The interesting thing about the christian persecutions under Domitian is the fact that they most likely never happened, there is only one source that is saying he did persecute Jews and that was written over 100 years after his death by Cassius Dio. The most christian authors are writing even later. They also disagree on many occasions, like with emperor Aurelian. Also the author who ascribes persecutions to Nero, Tacitus, doesn't ascribe any to Domitian and he was a contemporary. The first proven persecutions were under emperor Traian as written by Pliny the Younger in his letters (Epistulae X.96). Augustiner of Hippo actually argues already in late antiquity that many of the persecutions are overblown as there were always some sort of prosecution (The City of God: XVIII.52). You should definitely react to Spectrums ranking of roman emperors, it is worth it, as you already reacted to his ranking of english monarchs. Edit: It should also be mentioned that leading historians like Brent Shaw disagree if there were any persecutions under Nero. Read Brent D. Shaw: The Myth of the Neronian Persecution. In: The Journal of Roman Studies 105 (2015), S. 73-100. for his position with which I agree
I saw this and immediately thought "Is it the Tasting History one?" And it was!! Yay! So fun. 😀 If you haven't reacted to Max's video about the gladiator food, I'd definitely recommend that!
15:37 "Mors" is "death". Libitina was the "goddess" of corpses, funeral and burial, so basically the Grim Reaper. 15:50 Which is the term we use for the performance "stage" in Slovakia. :)
Hey, Chris! I would love to see you do a reaction to Extra History's series on Khosrau Anushirawan. Not only is it one of their more fun stories that I think you'd get a kick out of, but it also overlaps with (and often mirrors) Justinian's story and talks about some ties to modern civilization that not a lot of people know about. I think you'd enjoy this one! Merry Christmas!
The Forum and Palatine Hill are really cool to visit. One thing that surprised me was that the museum still has inscriptions proclaiming that it was built by Mussolini.
In Italy we are not into cancel culture. Btw which museum are you talking about? The Palatine one, the Antiquarium forense, or the Museum of the Imperial Fora? Cause i did not notice this.
If you make those dates, we need a cooking with VTH video. He also has an entire playlist of Titanic foods you should check out, since the Titanic is what sparked your love of history
Hi Chris. I think you should take a look at the channel “Election History” and their video “How Bill Clinton won the 1992 presidential election” or one of his other videos. The channel has less than 3k subscribers but I think the videos are pretty good considering his small audience, so might be worth looking at in the future.
I just came across an extremely interesting video, it has nothing to do with this topic, however I think a reaction would be amazing! It is called "The deadliest explosions of WW2 caught on Camera" by The History Explorer, it has accounts from Vets who went through the explosions and some of the most incredible footage I've ever seen. sorry for unrelated comment. :) loved this reaction as well, wild how "modern" Rome was in terms of Entertainment.
Hey VTH I don’t know if you will see my comment but I’ve been listening to a channel called the skaldic bard. He writes songs about historical people with their ancient language. Their is one about Alfred the great I think it would be interesting to see if you thought about.
Watching this TH episode and having you add that extra layer of historical context made this such an enjoyable experience. The comparisons between then and now makes me think of when I was at Apocalypse Fest in Wilkes-Barre about a month and a half ago; especially the beer guy comment 😂 there was a guy that came into the pit selling beer. And I actually was there for the opening act, at least on night 2. Such good memories to have resurface. Other Tasting History videos you should watch? Chris, the answer is all of them. But if you haven’t checked out any of his Titanic videos, first of all: why? Second, do one of those; there are so many to choose from! On the subject of Titanic, Max recently collaborated with Oceanliner Designs (another good channel) on what a day might look like for a first class male passenger aboard the ship, including meals, which is where Max factors in. If you haven’t seen it yet, maybe do a reaction to that one.
max miller also does a good piece on another (formerly) popular sports stadium food; tamales, red hots. it feels like everybody forgot that tamales were very popular and the stadium food du jour for a good bit there. now, if you put a gun to my head i couldnt tell you where to find a tamale.
How bout them buckeyes! Coming from a die hard Sooners fan I can’t wait to see Dillon Gabriel get a shot against a scary OSU team. Also, I hope you enjoyed your time watching Trey “Preacher” Sermon play, I know I did!
To your point about the origin of popular foods, I've often said that the first person to eat blue crabs had to be really hungry. As Marylander, it's a prerequisite that we love crabs but their appearance is not anything that someone who has ever ate crabs would find appealing.
Ohio has a bunch of Indian grocery stores all over the place. There's a medium sized one in Parma but there seems to be one in almost every city or town.
A fascinating fact is that, at the Colosseum and arenas in general, people would write literal curses of the names of the one they wanted to lose and bets on who would win. Tablets and scribbles were found on site. While maybe not curses, people still place bets on who would win in today's sports.
You definetly need to visit the Pyramid of Cestius! (It was made by an Egypt fan boy!) In fact it wasn't even Egyptian but Nubian!. Check out all the obelisks which are originals from Egypt. And finally go look at the catacombs!
i would higly recommend you react to a new history channel called the premodernist! especially the videos "politely asking gengis khan to stop killing people" and "the boring truth about the library of alexandria" his approach feels quite different to most other history channels and i think you would find it very interesting.
There is a series by HISTORY Channel's TH-cam page, called Ancient Recipes with Sohla. The video "Cooking Cleopatra's FAVORITE Foods" has a very similar recipe of stuffed dates. You may check that video if you are interested in similar era.
At some point yes. I had one scheduled for April but it got canceled for not enough bookings. Most likely in 2026. 2025 is a jubilee year so they're expecting record crowds.
i have a trick that could help with boiling over so it wont happend again but i am not sure you have it in the state or what its called in english but flydende margarine will help with boiling over i use it evry time liquid margarine from ama
It's hardly surprising that two cultures in which arena events are a big thing end up figuring out how to do them effectively, and thus end up doing things much in the same way.
Man, I love VTH I keep watching his videos and every time I'm entertained and learn more fantastic history I don't agree with all his opinions, but he is always really reasonable about his opinions and great at being understanding and open minded. Thank you Chris for doing such a great job!!!
The term “Porta Libitinaria” [ˈpɔr.ta li.bi.tiˈnaː.ri.a] refers to the “Gate of Libitina” in the Flavian Amphitheater ((Classical Latin: [am.pʰiˈtʰeː.a.trum ˈflaː.wi.um] Ecclesiastical Latin: [am.fiˈte.a.trum ˈfla.vi.um])) (Colosseum in Rome). Porta Libitinaria was the gate through which dead bodies of gladiators or animals were carried out, named after Libitina, the Roman goddess of funerals and death. The name Libitina originates from Roman mythology, where she was the goddess associated with funerals, death, and burials. Her name has influenced various terms, particularly in the context of funerary practices. Here are some derivatives and related terms: 1. Libitinarius: In ancient Rome, a libitinarius was an undertaker or funeral director responsible for organizing funerals and related rites. This term is directly derived from Libitina, reflecting her association with death and burial practices. 2. Libitinal: An adjective relating to funerals or the burial process, stemming from Libitina’s domain over such matters. 3. Libitinarii: The plural form of libitinarius, referring to a group or guild of funeral directors in ancient Rome. These individuals operated under the auspices of Libitina and were often based in her sacred grove. 4. Libitina’s Grove: A sacred grove dedicated to Libitina in ancient Rome, serving as a center for funeral arrangements and related activities. It was here that records of deaths were kept, and funeral services were coordinated.  5. Eueides libitina: A species of butterfly in the subfamily Heliconiinae, found from Guyane to the Northwest Amazon. The species name libitina is likely an allusion to the dark coloration of the butterfly, metaphorically linking it to the goddess of death.  The Lucus Libitinae, or Grove of Libitina, was a sacred grove in ancient Rome dedicated to Libitina, the goddess of funerals and burial. This grove was located on the Esquiline Hill, near the Porta Esquilina and the early necropolis.  The exact coordinates of the Lucus Libitinae are not documented, as precise mapping from ancient times is limited. However, it is generally believed to have been situated in the southeastern part of the Esquiline Hill, an area associated with various religious sites and considered to have “unhealthy and ill-omened” connotations.  Regarding the existence of other groves dedicated to Libitina across the Roman Empire, there is evidence of at least one such site in Puteoli (modern Pozzuoli). An inscription mentions the Lucus Libitinae in Puteoli, indicating that similar groves existed outside Rome.  These groves served as centers for funerary activities, where undertakers (libitinarii) operated, and deaths were registered for statistical purposes. 
Fun fact: they have actually found remnants of nuts under the colosseum, suggesting that the Romans used to snack on a bowl of nuts similar to how we eat popcorn at cinemas today!
Or like peanuts at a baseball game.
@ ha yeah exactly
My favorite part of Max’s content is easily the historical anecdotes. It’s fascinating how much they humanize the societies that are being talked about, and there are several moments where I’m so wrapped up in the story that I forget all about the actual food being made lol.
It also helps that Max is just a fantastic storyteller
His storytelling is very underrated and doesn't get discussed much. He's one of the best storytellers on yt.
can we get a "chris makes historic sweets himself video"?
Chris getting full of excitement and saying “i won a slave!” Was highlight of the day 😭😭🤣 when i tell you busted out crying 💀
Feels like it could easily be taken out of context lol
When I visited Spain, an ex and I visited a small town called Tarragona on the coast of the Mediterranean. It had been settled in 214 BC by the Romans. There was a coliseum just about an eighth of mile from the sea. I remember sitting on one of the stone seats imaging what it was like for citizens of Rome to be here and watch whatever was happening.
There was also, a prison and a Praetorian guard fort. It's a wonderful historical small town. If you're ever in Spain, check it out.
Love the idea of Roman concession stands
Please please do more tasting history!! It’s my favorite history channel!
I'm not so sure that Domitian was quite as tyrannical as he's made out to be. Given that most of his actions were done against the notoriously corrupt Senate and most of the Roman historians were senators themselves, they likely exaggerated his actions.
He fixed the borders and stabilized the finances so the rule of emperors like Traian and Marcus Aurelius could happen
@@johanberg8273 Yep. But since nobody likes the finance guy, he gets blamed. Same with Tiberius.
@@darknessoftruth9314 and yet once they are ruined it goes downhill
Domitian's problem was that he was a friend of the people and an enemy of the senate.
By most accounts he was a good man and the legions loved him.
Records do indicate that he went more or less paranoid near the end, much like Henry VII of England, and started arresting and executing senators for crimes both real and perceived.
A new VTH reaction to a Max video? Christmas came early.
Now this is lit.
I have always enjoyed the food videos of them and other medieval content channels. Continue making them and expand.
Hi Chris. I’ve been watching your videos almost for two years and want to congratulate you for all the effort and growth you have put into your channel, it really shows. I’m glad you have found joy in sharing your love of history through the internet. Also wanted to recommend you play Red Dead Redemption 2, it is a western game with a great message and characters. It is based on the death of the Wild West and touches themes like the southern states after the civil war and how civilization expanded to the west. Due it being a long game, I think you would enjoy playing it on live streams so the chat can give you tips and help you with the missions. With not much more to say, I’m sure you will enjoy it and again congratulations on the growth of the channel. Greeting from Venezuela
9:35 The interesting thing about the christian persecutions under Domitian is the fact that they most likely never happened, there is only one source that is saying he did persecute Jews and that was written over 100 years after his death by Cassius Dio. The most christian authors are writing even later. They also disagree on many occasions, like with emperor Aurelian. Also the author who ascribes persecutions to Nero, Tacitus, doesn't ascribe any to Domitian and he was a contemporary. The first proven persecutions were under emperor Traian as written by Pliny the Younger in his letters (Epistulae X.96). Augustiner of Hippo actually argues already in late antiquity that many of the persecutions are overblown as there were always some sort of prosecution (The City of God: XVIII.52).
You should definitely react to Spectrums ranking of roman emperors, it is worth it, as you already reacted to his ranking of english monarchs.
Edit: It should also be mentioned that leading historians like Brent Shaw disagree if there were any persecutions under Nero. Read Brent D. Shaw: The Myth of the Neronian Persecution. In: The Journal of Roman Studies 105 (2015), S. 73-100. for his position with which I agree
This
I saw this and immediately thought "Is it the Tasting History one?" And it was!! Yay! So fun. 😀
If you haven't reacted to Max's video about the gladiator food, I'd definitely recommend that!
Can you do more of these tasting history reaction? This was actually the coolest reaction I think.
Thanks again for doing another reaction video for Tasting History. I love Max's channel
I just subscribed to Tasting History yesterday. This could not have been better timed
15:37 "Mors" is "death". Libitina was the "goddess" of corpses, funeral and burial, so basically the Grim Reaper.
15:50 Which is the term we use for the performance "stage" in Slovakia. :)
Did not expect this to turn into a cooking show!
Don't miss the Capitoline Museums! Also, less known but it's just as amazing, the ancient museum of Palazzo Massimo!
17:26 BEER GUY!!!!!!! I have never seen a person so existed to see an illustration of a middle-aged drunkard in my life 🤣🤣🤣
Hey, Chris! I would love to see you do a reaction to Extra History's series on Khosrau Anushirawan. Not only is it one of their more fun stories that I think you'd get a kick out of, but it also overlaps with (and often mirrors) Justinian's story and talks about some ties to modern civilization that not a lot of people know about. I think you'd enjoy this one! Merry Christmas!
These make fantastic snack foods for holidays - Christmas or New Year's are the perfect times to give them a try!
0:57 But above all, the one in the background is an original Roman mosaic from almost two thousand years ago depicting a mouse sniffing a nut.
The Forum and Palatine Hill are really cool to visit. One thing that surprised me was that the museum still has inscriptions proclaiming that it was built by Mussolini.
In Italy we are not into cancel culture. Btw which museum are you talking about? The Palatine one, the Antiquarium forense, or the Museum of the Imperial Fora? Cause i did not notice this.
If you make those dates, we need a cooking with VTH video. He also has an entire playlist of Titanic foods you should check out, since the Titanic is what sparked your love of history
Hi Chris. I think you should take a look at the channel “Election History” and their video “How Bill Clinton won the 1992 presidential election” or one of his other videos. The channel has less than 3k subscribers but I think the videos are pretty good considering his small audience, so might be worth looking at in the future.
Need a video of you making these now!
I Like Ancient Rome My Favorite History Ever 🐐🏛
Just made a batch, quite good!
I just came across an extremely interesting video, it has nothing to do with this topic, however I think a reaction would be amazing! It is called "The deadliest explosions of WW2 caught on Camera" by The History Explorer, it has accounts from Vets who went through the explosions and some of the most incredible footage I've ever seen. sorry for unrelated comment. :) loved this reaction as well, wild how "modern" Rome was in terms of Entertainment.
Hey VTH I don’t know if you will see my comment but I’ve been listening to a channel called the skaldic bard. He writes songs about historical people with their ancient language. Their is one about Alfred the great I think it would be interesting to see if you thought about.
Watching this TH episode and having you add that extra layer of historical context made this such an enjoyable experience. The comparisons between then and now makes me think of when I was at Apocalypse Fest in Wilkes-Barre about a month and a half ago; especially the beer guy comment 😂 there was a guy that came into the pit selling beer. And I actually was there for the opening act, at least on night 2. Such good memories to have resurface.
Other Tasting History videos you should watch? Chris, the answer is all of them. But if you haven’t checked out any of his Titanic videos, first of all: why? Second, do one of those; there are so many to choose from! On the subject of Titanic, Max recently collaborated with Oceanliner Designs (another good channel) on what a day might look like for a first class male passenger aboard the ship, including meals, which is where Max factors in. If you haven’t seen it yet, maybe do a reaction to that one.
max miller also does a good piece on another (formerly) popular sports stadium food; tamales, red hots. it feels like everybody forgot that tamales were very popular and the stadium food du jour for a good bit there. now, if you put a gun to my head i couldnt tell you where to find a tamale.
If you get a chance, go over to Ostia Antica and create a video on the ancient port area for Rome. Have a GREAT trip!
reminds me of those old theaters with the movies but also with cartoons, news and other stuff between each movie so you could spend all day in one
How bout them buckeyes! Coming from a die hard Sooners fan I can’t wait to see Dillon Gabriel get a shot against a scary OSU team.
Also, I hope you enjoyed your time watching Trey “Preacher” Sermon play, I know I did!
To your point about the origin of popular foods, I've often said that the first person to eat blue crabs had to be really hungry. As Marylander, it's a prerequisite that we love crabs but their appearance is not anything that someone who has ever ate crabs would find appealing.
Ohio has a bunch of Indian grocery stores all over the place. There's a medium sized one in Parma but there seems to be one in almost every city or town.
You would likely enjoy the 1976 BBC series 'I, Claudius'. Fantastic acting all round with John Hurt's Caligula a standout.
6:47 this is probably a good rule of thumb in cooking.
8:34 this might be the first non - PG joke Chris ever made on this channel lol
We need a VTH TH collab.
Food and entertaintment, ah yes, me watching this while eating my lunch
A fascinating fact is that, at the Colosseum and arenas in general, people would write literal curses of the names of the one they wanted to lose and bets on who would win. Tablets and scribbles were found on site. While maybe not curses, people still place bets on who would win in today's sports.
You definetly need to visit the Pyramid of Cestius! (It was made by an Egypt fan boy!) In fact it wasn't even Egyptian but Nubian!.
Check out all the obelisks which are originals from Egypt.
And finally go look at the catacombs!
i would higly recommend you react to a new history channel called the premodernist! especially the videos "politely asking gengis khan to stop killing people" and "the boring truth about the library of alexandria" his approach feels quite different to most other history channels and i think you would find it very interesting.
Still sad they were basically bullied into stopping their annual Genghis Khan day videos.
The VTH drinking game has been getting a workout the past few days lol
Max is so legit. He actually made garum multiple times.
Didn't he react to that already?
@kaylafyi I think so. But regardless that's still an impressive feat considering how there's an odor ordinance pretty much everywhere.
@@kaylafyino, he doesn’t react to that one yet
What we do with food today borders dystopian… especially the idea of “Michelin stars” 😂 like man I’m just tryna not starve ya know
Has nothing to do if you’ll starve or not. Also michelin stars can also be awarded to street and cheap food lol
Have you thought about going to see Gladiator or have you seen it already?
I love Tasting History
The similarities between gladiator matches and the Hunger Games is CRAZY. 😭
There is a series by HISTORY Channel's TH-cam page, called Ancient Recipes with Sohla. The video "Cooking Cleopatra's FAVORITE Foods" has a very similar recipe of stuffed dates. You may check that video if you are interested in similar era.
Porta Libitinaria comes from the Roman goddess of death, Libitina, not from Libertas (freedom/liberty)
Hey Chris, are you going to be hosting any new tours to Rome???
At some point yes. I had one scheduled for April but it got canceled for not enough bookings. Most likely in 2026. 2025 is a jubilee year so they're expecting record crowds.
Awesome, I'll be on the lookout for the next Rome tour!
I've never tried dates. This does sound good.
Think this is the earliest I’ve been here 😂 uploaded 19 seconds ago
i have a trick that could help with boiling over so it wont happend again but i am not sure you have it in the state or what its called in english but flydende margarine will help with boiling over i use it evry time liquid margarine from ama
Since you are a fan of true crime, I think you should react to videos of Tmthe Viscilia Axe Murders and Hinterkaifeck.
You should check out Warhawk, its an underrated American civil war channel
I've done some of theirs. Even hung out on the Antietam battlefield with their writer once.
you should make a video of you making these treats and then eating them to see how you did
Modern Americans: "We just want to scarf hot dogs swill beer while watching a football game!"
Ancient Romans : "Hold my toga..."
I thought you said 'rich sauces' not rich sources.
Well garum _is_ a running joke on Max's channel. (Albeit not as much as hardtack. *clack clack*)
It's hardly surprising that two cultures in which arena events are a big thing end up figuring out how to do them effectively, and thus end up doing things much in the same way.
Should check out the civil war apple pie video max miller made.
8:38 , really? I know the separation of one flesh was brutal, as its meant to be right, but wow
Now im hungry
Amazon is where I got my stock of long pepper
I think I'd use pistachios instead of pine nuts.
since you like videos by max miller, i think you would enjoy videos by V Birchwood. she makes videos about historical clothes and food
Comment for the algorithm
I pictures a amputed hand land in crowed like a foul ball.
Fun fact: Commodus was the highest paid gladiator of all time.
Yeah he paid himself quite handsomely to perform.
Warhawk reaction!!!!!!!
Quite a famous local (for me) woman liked to make things hot for the Romans - Boudica of the Iceni.
Tennessee is gonna crush OSU tomorrow.
Is it just me or is everyone else hungry after watching this?
It's that time of the month... When boys think about the roman empire.
The Roman Empire was ahead of its time.
Yuhhhhhhh first 😤
nice to learn about the ronab colosseum thats not a arc reactor
Man, I love VTH
I keep watching his videos and every time I'm entertained and learn more fantastic history
I don't agree with all his opinions, but he is always really reasonable about his opinions and great at being understanding and open minded.
Thank you Chris for doing such a great job!!!
Im guessing a lot of the sources we have on domitian are exaggerated since the senatorial class hated him and they tended to be the historians.
First
The term “Porta Libitinaria” [ˈpɔr.ta li.bi.tiˈnaː.ri.a] refers to the “Gate of Libitina” in the Flavian Amphitheater ((Classical Latin: [am.pʰiˈtʰeː.a.trum ˈflaː.wi.um] Ecclesiastical Latin: [am.fiˈte.a.trum ˈfla.vi.um])) (Colosseum in Rome).
Porta Libitinaria was the gate through which dead bodies of gladiators or animals were carried out, named after Libitina, the Roman goddess of funerals and death.
The name Libitina originates from Roman mythology, where she was the goddess associated with funerals, death, and burials. Her name has influenced various terms, particularly in the context of funerary practices. Here are some derivatives and related terms:
1. Libitinarius: In ancient Rome, a libitinarius was an undertaker or funeral director responsible for organizing funerals and related rites. This term is directly derived from Libitina, reflecting her association with death and burial practices.
2. Libitinal: An adjective relating to funerals or the burial process, stemming from Libitina’s domain over such matters.
3. Libitinarii: The plural form of libitinarius, referring to a group or guild of funeral directors in ancient Rome. These individuals operated under the auspices of Libitina and were often based in her sacred grove.
4. Libitina’s Grove: A sacred grove dedicated to Libitina in ancient Rome, serving as a center for funeral arrangements and related activities. It was here that records of deaths were kept, and funeral services were coordinated. 
5. Eueides libitina: A species of butterfly in the subfamily Heliconiinae, found from Guyane to the Northwest Amazon. The species name libitina is likely an allusion to the dark coloration of the butterfly, metaphorically linking it to the goddess of death. 
The Lucus Libitinae, or Grove of Libitina, was a sacred grove in ancient Rome dedicated to Libitina, the goddess of funerals and burial. This grove was located on the Esquiline Hill, near the Porta Esquilina and the early necropolis. 
The exact coordinates of the Lucus Libitinae are not documented, as precise mapping from ancient times is limited. However, it is generally believed to have been situated in the southeastern part of the Esquiline Hill, an area associated with various religious sites and considered to have “unhealthy and ill-omened” connotations. 
Regarding the existence of other groves dedicated to Libitina across the Roman Empire, there is evidence of at least one such site in Puteoli (modern Pozzuoli). An inscription mentions the Lucus Libitinae in Puteoli, indicating that similar groves existed outside Rome. 
These groves served as centers for funerary activities, where undertakers (libitinarii) operated, and deaths were registered for statistical purposes.